Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 160 - 169, 16.05.2020
Mustafa Guzel
M. Dilek Avsaroglu
Yeşim Soyer
Kaynakça
- Arcilla, M.S., van Hattem, J.M., Matamoros, S., Melles, D.C., Penders, J., de Jong, M.D., Schultsz, C. (2016). Dissemination of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(2), 147-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00541-1
- Borowiak, M., Fischer, J., Hammer, J.A., Hendriksen, R.S., Szabo, I., Malorny, B. (2017). Identification of a novel transposon-associated phosphoethanolamine transferase gene, mcr-5, conferring colistin resistance in d-tartrate fermenting Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 72(12), 3317-3324. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx327
- Carattoli, A., Villa, L., Feudi, C., Curcio, L., Orsini, S., Luppi, A., Pezzotti, G., Magistrali, C.F. (2017). Novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr-4 gene in Salmonella and Escherichia coli, Italy 2013, Spain and Belgium, 2015 to 2016. Eurosurveillance, 22(31), 30589. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.31.30589
- Carroll, L.M., Gaballa, A., Guldimann, C., Sullivan, G., Henderson, L.O., Wiedmann, M. (2019). Identification of novel mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-9 in a multidrug-resistant, colistin-susceptible Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolate. mBio, 10(3), e00853-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00853-19
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2013). Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States. http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf (accessed 11/21/2018).
- Chen, K., Chan, E.W.C., Xe, M,. Ye, L., Dong, N., Chen, S. (2017). Widespread distribution of mcr-1-bearing bacteria in the ecosystem, 2015 to 2016. Eurosurveillance, 22(39), 17-00206. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.39.17-00206
- Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2014). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Twenty-fourth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S24. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Wayne, PA.
- Cui, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Li, R., Chan, E.W., Wu, C., Wu, C., Chen, S. (2017). Distinct mechanisms of acquisition of mcr-1 -bearing plasmid by Salmonella strains recovered from animals and food samples. Scientific Reports, 7, 13199. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01810-4
- Doumith, M., Godbole, G.A., Philip, L., Lesley, D., Tim, D., Martin, D., Michaela, M-P., Berit, E., Matthew, J de P, Elizabeth, J., Alan, P.H., Katie, L.W. (2016). Detection of the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene conferring colistin resistance in human and food isolates of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli in England and Wales. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 71(8), 2300-2305. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw093
- El Garch, F., Sauget, M., Hocquet, D., LeChaudee, D., Woehrle, F., Bertrand, X. (2017). mcr-1is borne by highly diverse Escherichia coli isolates since 2004 in food-producing animals in Europe. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23(1), 51.e1-51.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.08.033
- European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) (2016). Recomendations for MIC determination colistin (polymixin E) Eucast.org, http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/General_documents/Recommendations_for_MIC_determination_of_colistin_March_2016.pdf (accessed 29 March 2016).
- Falgenhauer, L., Waezsada, S-E., Yao, Y., Imirzalioglu, C., Käsbohrer, A., Roesler, U., Michael, G.B., Schwarz, S., Werner, G., Kreienbrock, L., Chakraborty, T. (2016). Colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in Germany. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(3), 282-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00009-8
- Feng, P., Weagant, S.D., Jinneman, K. (2011). BAM: diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Silver Spring (MD), United States Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/food/laboratory-methods-food/bam-diarrheagenic-escherichia-coli (accessed 11/21/2018).
- Fernandes, M.R., McCulloch, J.A., Vianello, M.A., Moura, Q., Pérez-Chaparro, P.J., Esposito, F., Lincopan, N. (2016). First report of the globally disseminated IncX4 plasmid carrying the mcr-1 gene in a colistin-resistant Escherichia coli sequence type 101 isolate from a human infection in Brazil. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60, 6415-6417. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01325-16
- García, V., García-Meniño, I., Mora, A., Flament-Simon, S.C., Díaz-Jiménez, D., Blanco, J.E., Blanco, J. (2018). Co-occurrence of mcr-1, mcr-4 and mcr-5 genes in multidrug-resistant ST10 Enterotoxigenic and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in Spain (2006-2017). International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 52(1), 104-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.022
- Hasman, H., Hammerum, A.M., Hansen, F., Hendriksen, R.S., Olesen, B., Agerso, Y., Zankari, E., Leekitchharoenphon, P., Stegger, M., Kaas, R.S., Cavaco, L.M., Hansen D.S., Aarestrup, F.M., Skov, R.L. (2015). Detection of mcr-1 encoding plasmid mediated colistin resistant Escherischia coli isolates from human bloodstream infection and imported chicken meat, Denmark 2015. Eurosurveillance, 20(49), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.49.30085
- Hernández, M., Iglesias, M.R., Rodríguez-Lázaro, D., Gallardo, A., Quijada, N.M., Miguela-Villoldo, P., Campos, M.J., Píriz, S., López-Orozco, G., de Frutos, C,, Sáez, J.L., Ugarte-Ruiz, M., Domínguez, L., Quesada, A. (2017). Co-occurrence of colistin-resistance genes mcr-1 and mcr-3 among multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from cattle, Spain, September 2015. Eurosurveillance, 22(31), pii=30586. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.31.30586
- Hu, Y., Liu, F., Lin, I.Y.C., Gao, G.F., Zhu, B. (2016). Dissemination of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(2), 146-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00533-2
- Kyere, E.O, Bulut, E., Avşaroğlu, M.D., Soyer, Y. (2015). Molecular evaluation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli isolates from food products in Turkey. Food Science and Biotechnology, 24(3), 1001-1009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0128-6
- Li, A., Yang, Y., Miao, M., Chavda, K.D., Xie, X., Feng, P., Tang, Y. (2016). Complete sequences of mcr-1-Harboring plasmids from extended spectrum b-lactamase and carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60(7), 4351-4354. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00550-16
- Li, X.P., Fang, L.X., Jiang, P., Pan, D., Xia, J., Liao, X.P., Sun, J. (2017). Emergence of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in Citrobacter freundii. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 49(6), 786-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.04.004
- Litrup, E., Kiil, K., Hammerum, A.M., Roer, L., Nielsen, E.M., Torpdahl, M. (2017). Plasmid-borne colistin resistance gene mcr-3 in Salmonella isolates from human infections, Denmark, 2009-17. Eurosurveillance, 22(31), pii=30587. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.31.30587
- Liu, Y.-Y., Wang, Y., Walsh, T.R., Yi, L.X., Zhang, R., Spencer, J., Doi, Y., Tian, G., Dong, B., Huang, X., Yu, L.F., Gu, D., Ren, H., Chen, X., Lv, L., He, D., Zhou, H., Liang, Z., Liu, J.H., Shen, J. (2016). Emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mechanism mcr-1 in animals and human beings in China: a microbiological and molecular biological study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(2), 161-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00424-7
- Malhotra-Kumar, S., Xavier, B.B., Das A.J., Lammens, C., Butaye, P., Goossens, H. (2016). Colistin resistance gene mcr-1 harboured on a multidrug resistant plasmid. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(3), 283-284. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00012-8
- McGann P, Snesrud E, Maybank R, Corey B, Ong AC, Clifford R, Hinkle M, Whitman T, Lesho E, Schaecher KE. (2016). Escherichia coli harboring mcr-1 and blaCTX-M on a novel IncF plasmid: First report of mcr-1 in the USA. Antimicrobial agents and Chemotherapy, 60(7), 4420-4421. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01103-16
- Mulvey, M.R., Matajese, L.F., Robertson, J., Nash, J.H.E., Boerlin, P., Toye, B., Irwin, R., Melano, R.G. (2016). Dissemination of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(3), 289-290. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00067-0
- Olaitan AO, Chabou S, Okdah L, Morand S, Rolain JM. (2016). Dissemination of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(2), 147. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00540-X
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- Prim, N., Rivera, A., Rodríguez-Navarro, J., Español, M., Turbau, M., Coll, P., Mirelis, B. (2016). Detection of mcr-1 colistin resistance gene in polyclonal Escherichia coli isolates in Barcelona, Spain, 2012 to 2015. Eurosurveillance, 21(13), pii=30183. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.13.30183
- Rebelo, A.R., Bortolaia, V., Kjeldgaard, J.S., Pedersen, S.K., Leekitcharoenphon, P., Hansen, I.M., Battisti, A. (2018). Multiplex PCR for detection of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance determinants, mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4 and mcr-5 for surveillance purposes. Eurosurveillance, 23(6), pii=17-00672. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.6.17-00672
- Roer, L., Hansen, F., Stegger, M., Sönksen, U.W., Hasman, H., Hammerum, A.M. (2017). Novel mcr-3 variant, encoding mobile colistin resistance, in an ST131 Escherichia coli isolate from bloodstream infection, Denmark, 2014. Eurosurveillance, 22(31), pii=30584. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.31.30584
- Sennati, S., Di Pilato, V., Riccobono, E., Di Maggio, T., Villagran, A.L., Pallecchi, L., Giani, T. (2017). Citrobacter braakii carrying plasmid-borne mcr-1 colistin resistance gene from ready-to-eat food from a market in the Chaco region of Bolivia. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 72(7), 2127-2129. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx078
- Sun, J., Li, X-P., Yang, R-S., Fang, L-X., Huo, W., Li, S-M., Liu, Y-H. (2016). Complete nucleotide sequence of inci2 plasmid co-harboring bla CTX-M-55 and mcr-1. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60, AAC.00774-16. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00774-16
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- Tang, Y., Dai, L., Sahin, O., Wu, Z., Liu, M., Zhang, Q. (2017). Emergence of a plasmid-borne multidrug resistance gene cfr (C) in foodborne pathogen Campylobacter. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 72(6), 1581-1588. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx023
- Tse, H., Yuen, K.Y. (2016). Dissemination of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(2), 145-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00532-0
- Wang, R., Dorp, L., Shaw, L.P., Bradley, P., Wang, Q., Wang, X., Dorai-Schneiders, T. (2018a). The global distribution and spread of the mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-1. Nature Communications, 9(1), 1179.https://doi.org/10.1 038/s41467-018-03205-z
- Wang, X., Wang, Y., Zhou, Y., Li, J., Yin, W., Wang, S., Zhang, S., Shen, J., Wang Y. (2018b). Emergence of a novel mobile colistin resistance gene, mcr-8, in NDM-producing Klebsiella pneumonia. Emerging Microbes & Infections, 7(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41426-018-0124-z
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Determination of colistin resistance in Escherichia coli isolates from foods in Turkey, 2011-2015
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 160 - 169, 16.05.2020
Mustafa Guzel
M. Dilek Avsaroglu
Yeşim Soyer
Öz
Antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic microorganisms is an emerging public health concern. Intensive use of antibiotics in food animals might increase antimicrobial resistance in foodborne pathogens. Colistin is a last resort antibiotic for treatment of multidrug resistant (MDR) Gram negative pathogens. The recent antimicrobial resistance studies revealed a mobile antimicrobial resistance gene (mcr) that provides resistance to colistin. Furthermore, the gene has been found in different genera. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine colistin resistance of Escherichia coli isolates (N=48) isolated in between 2011 and 2015 from food samples in Turkey. In addition, 5 mcr genes and their variants were screened by performing PCR on resistant isolates. 4 E. coli isolates were found resistant to colistin above the epidemiological cut-off value (Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) > 2mg/L). None of the resistant isolates had the mcr genes. Further studies with human and food isolates should be conducted to figure out which gene or genes are responsible for colistin resistance.
Kaynakça
- Arcilla, M.S., van Hattem, J.M., Matamoros, S., Melles, D.C., Penders, J., de Jong, M.D., Schultsz, C. (2016). Dissemination of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(2), 147-149. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00541-1
- Borowiak, M., Fischer, J., Hammer, J.A., Hendriksen, R.S., Szabo, I., Malorny, B. (2017). Identification of a novel transposon-associated phosphoethanolamine transferase gene, mcr-5, conferring colistin resistance in d-tartrate fermenting Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Paratyphi B. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 72(12), 3317-3324. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkx327
- Carattoli, A., Villa, L., Feudi, C., Curcio, L., Orsini, S., Luppi, A., Pezzotti, G., Magistrali, C.F. (2017). Novel plasmid-mediated colistin resistance mcr-4 gene in Salmonella and Escherichia coli, Italy 2013, Spain and Belgium, 2015 to 2016. Eurosurveillance, 22(31), 30589. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.31.30589
- Carroll, L.M., Gaballa, A., Guldimann, C., Sullivan, G., Henderson, L.O., Wiedmann, M. (2019). Identification of novel mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-9 in a multidrug-resistant, colistin-susceptible Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium isolate. mBio, 10(3), e00853-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00853-19
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2013). Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States. http://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/threat-report-2013/pdf/ar-threats-2013-508.pdf (accessed 11/21/2018).
- Chen, K., Chan, E.W.C., Xe, M,. Ye, L., Dong, N., Chen, S. (2017). Widespread distribution of mcr-1-bearing bacteria in the ecosystem, 2015 to 2016. Eurosurveillance, 22(39), 17-00206. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.39.17-00206
- Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) (2014). Performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing; Twenty-fourth informational supplement. CLSI document M100-S24. Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Wayne, PA.
- Cui, M., Zhang, J., Zhang, C., Li, R., Chan, E.W., Wu, C., Wu, C., Chen, S. (2017). Distinct mechanisms of acquisition of mcr-1 -bearing plasmid by Salmonella strains recovered from animals and food samples. Scientific Reports, 7, 13199. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01810-4
- Doumith, M., Godbole, G.A., Philip, L., Lesley, D., Tim, D., Martin, D., Michaela, M-P., Berit, E., Matthew, J de P, Elizabeth, J., Alan, P.H., Katie, L.W. (2016). Detection of the plasmid-mediated mcr-1 gene conferring colistin resistance in human and food isolates of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli in England and Wales. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 71(8), 2300-2305. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/dkw093
- El Garch, F., Sauget, M., Hocquet, D., LeChaudee, D., Woehrle, F., Bertrand, X. (2017). mcr-1is borne by highly diverse Escherichia coli isolates since 2004 in food-producing animals in Europe. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 23(1), 51.e1-51.e4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2016.08.033
- European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) (2016). Recomendations for MIC determination colistin (polymixin E) Eucast.org, http://www.eucast.org/fileadmin/src/media/PDFs/EUCAST_files/General_documents/Recommendations_for_MIC_determination_of_colistin_March_2016.pdf (accessed 29 March 2016).
- Falgenhauer, L., Waezsada, S-E., Yao, Y., Imirzalioglu, C., Käsbohrer, A., Roesler, U., Michael, G.B., Schwarz, S., Werner, G., Kreienbrock, L., Chakraborty, T. (2016). Colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing and carbapenemase-producing Gram-negative bacteria in Germany. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(3), 282-283. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(16)00009-8
- Feng, P., Weagant, S.D., Jinneman, K. (2011). BAM: diarrheagenic Escherichia coli. Silver Spring (MD), United States Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/food/laboratory-methods-food/bam-diarrheagenic-escherichia-coli (accessed 11/21/2018).
- Fernandes, M.R., McCulloch, J.A., Vianello, M.A., Moura, Q., Pérez-Chaparro, P.J., Esposito, F., Lincopan, N. (2016). First report of the globally disseminated IncX4 plasmid carrying the mcr-1 gene in a colistin-resistant Escherichia coli sequence type 101 isolate from a human infection in Brazil. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60, 6415-6417. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01325-16
- García, V., García-Meniño, I., Mora, A., Flament-Simon, S.C., Díaz-Jiménez, D., Blanco, J.E., Blanco, J. (2018). Co-occurrence of mcr-1, mcr-4 and mcr-5 genes in multidrug-resistant ST10 Enterotoxigenic and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in Spain (2006-2017). International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 52(1), 104-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.03.022
- Hasman, H., Hammerum, A.M., Hansen, F., Hendriksen, R.S., Olesen, B., Agerso, Y., Zankari, E., Leekitchharoenphon, P., Stegger, M., Kaas, R.S., Cavaco, L.M., Hansen D.S., Aarestrup, F.M., Skov, R.L. (2015). Detection of mcr-1 encoding plasmid mediated colistin resistant Escherischia coli isolates from human bloodstream infection and imported chicken meat, Denmark 2015. Eurosurveillance, 20(49), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2015.20.49.30085
- Hernández, M., Iglesias, M.R., Rodríguez-Lázaro, D., Gallardo, A., Quijada, N.M., Miguela-Villoldo, P., Campos, M.J., Píriz, S., López-Orozco, G., de Frutos, C,, Sáez, J.L., Ugarte-Ruiz, M., Domínguez, L., Quesada, A. (2017). Co-occurrence of colistin-resistance genes mcr-1 and mcr-3 among multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from cattle, Spain, September 2015. Eurosurveillance, 22(31), pii=30586. https://doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.31.30586
- Hu, Y., Liu, F., Lin, I.Y.C., Gao, G.F., Zhu, B. (2016). Dissemination of the mcr-1 colistin resistance gene. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 16(2), 146-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(15)00533-2
- Kyere, E.O, Bulut, E., Avşaroğlu, M.D., Soyer, Y. (2015). Molecular evaluation and antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Escherichia coli isolates from food products in Turkey. Food Science and Biotechnology, 24(3), 1001-1009. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10068-015-0128-6
- Li, A., Yang, Y., Miao, M., Chavda, K.D., Xie, X., Feng, P., Tang, Y. (2016). Complete sequences of mcr-1-Harboring plasmids from extended spectrum b-lactamase and carbapenemase producing Enterobacteriaceae. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60(7), 4351-4354. https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.00550-16
- Li, X.P., Fang, L.X., Jiang, P., Pan, D., Xia, J., Liao, X.P., Sun, J. (2017). Emergence of the colistin resistance gene mcr-1 in Citrobacter freundii. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 49(6), 786-787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.04.004
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