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PESTICIDE RISKS OF SEAFOOD IN TURKEY

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 19 - 32, 01.01.2015

Şafak Ulusoy , Özkan Özden

https://doi.org/10.3153/JFHS15003

Öz

Turkey is a rich country in terms of seas
and inland wa­ter sources. The aquatic ecosystems in Turkey are threatened by
the agricultural activities and pesticide contamination.  In parallel to the world, the use of pes­ticides
began in the 1940s in Turkey. In the beginning of 1970’s some pesticides have
prohibited by reason of their accumulation to environment and food chains,
toxic effects on non-target organisms. Pesticides can easily be included to the
food chain in the aquatic envi­ronment which causes many risks on human health
and food safety. There are still not enough data on the con­centrations of
pesticides in seafood and fish in Turkey. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Pesticide Seafood Fish Food safety Turkey

Kaynakça

  • Ağca, İ. (2006): Konya’da satılan bazı balık türlerinde organoklorlu bazı pestisit kalıntılarının tayini. M.A. Thesis, Department of Biology, University of Selçuk.
  • Aksoy, A., Guvenc, D., Yavuz, O., Das, Y.K., Atmaca, E. (2012): Seasonal variation of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticide levels of sea and cultured farm fish in the Samsun Region of Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 88: 842-849.
  • Aktumsek, A., Kara, H., Huseyin Kara, Nizamlioglu, F., Dinç, I. (2002): Monitoring of organochlorine pesticide residues in pikeperch, Stizostedion lucioperca L. in Beyşehir Lake (Central Anatolia). Environmental Technology, 23: 391-394.
  • Arslan, S. (2009): Bitkisel kaynaklı aktif karbon ile pestisit giderimi. M.A. Thesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University.
  • Atamanalp, M., Yanık, T. (2001): Pestisitlerin Cyprinidae’lere toksik etkileri. Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Science, 3(4): 555-563.
  • Ayas, Z. (2007): Review on DDT and its residues in Turkey’s wetlands. Journal of Environmental Biology, 28: 707-715.
  • Barlas, H., Coelhan, M., Bayat, C. (2000): Marmara Denizi’ndeki bazı balıklarda pestisit kirliliği düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. The Symposium the Marmara Sea 2000, 11-12 November, İstanbul.
  • Başçınar, N., Gumrukcu, F., Okumus, I. (2008): Genç gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) yemleme stratejisi üzerine bir çalışma. Journal of Fisheries Sciences.com, 2: 224-232.
  • Başpınar, H., Durmusoglu, E., Yıldırım, E.M. (2010): Türkiye’de tarım ilaçları üretim ve kullanımı.Turkey agricultural engineering VII Technical Congress, 11-15 January 2010, Ankara.
  • Bocio, A., Llobet, J.M., Domingo, J.L., Corbella, J., Teixido, A., Casas, C. (2003): Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in foodstuffs: Human exposure through the diet. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51: 3191-3195.
  • Boscolo, R., Cacciatore, F., Berto, D., Giani, M. (2007): Polychlorinated biphenyls in clams Tapes philippinarum cultured in the Venice Lagoon (Italy): Contamination levels and dietary exposure assessment. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45: 1065-1075.
  • Bulut, S., Erdoğmuş, S.F., Konuk, M., Cemek, M. (2010): The Organochlorine pesticide residues in the drinking waters, of Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Ekoloji, 74: 24-31.
  • Bulut, H., Tamer, A. (1996): Pestisit kullanımının azaltılması ile ilgili politika ve stratejiler. II. Symposium National Pest Eradication Chemicals, 18-20 November, Ankara.
  • Carvalho, F.P. (2006): Agriculture, pesticides, food security and food safety. Environmental Science and Policy, 9: 685-692.
  • Chopra, A.K., Sharma, M.K., Chamoli, S. (2010): Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in aquatic system- an overview. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 173 (1-4): 905-916.
  • Coelhan, M., Strohmeier, J., Barlas, H. (2006): Organochlorine levels in edible fish from the Marmara Sea, Turkey. Environment International, 32: 775-780.
  • Çakırogulları, G.C. (2006): İzmit Körfezi’nde su, sediment, mezgit (Gadus merlangus L.1758) ve istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus S.1868) balıklarında poliklorlu bifeniller ile DDT’nin saptanması. M.A. Thesis, Department of Seafood, Ankara University.
  • Çakırogulları, G.C., Kılıç, D., Uçar, Y. (2010): Levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzo-p-furans and polychlorinated biphenyls in farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) from Turkey. Food Control, 21: 1245-1249.
  • Çakıroğulları, G.Ç., Uçar, Y., Kılıç, D. (2011): PCDD, PCDF and PCB contamination in Atherina boyeri (Risso, 1810) from Turkey. Food Control, 22: 67-71.
  • Delen, N., Durmuşoğlu, E., Güncan, A., Güngör, N., Turgut, C., Burçak, A. (2005) Türkiye’de pestisit kullanımı kalıntı ve organizmalarda duyarlılık azalışı sorunları. Turkey Agricultural Engineering Sixth Technical Congress, 3-7 January, Ankara.
  • DPMARA (Department of Publication of the Ministry of the Agriculture and Rurl Areas) (2011): http://turkiyeharitalar.blogspot.com/2011/11/turkiye-tarmsal-uretim-haritas.html (accessed January 30, 2013).
  • DPT (Turkish Prime Ministry-State Planning Organization) (2001): Eight Plan of Five-year Development. Chemical Industry (Pesticides) Special Commission Report, Ankara.
  • DPT (Turkish Prime Ministry-State Planning Organization) (2008): Ninth Plan of Development. Chemical Industry Special Commission, Fertilizer-Pesticide Working Group Report, Ankara.
  • Erdoğan, B.Y. (2010): Samsun’da yaygın olarak kullanılan pestisitlerin sağlığa ve çevreye etkileri. Alınteri, 19(B): 28-35.
  • Erkmen, B., Kolankaya, D. (2006): Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in water, sediment and fish samples from the Meriç Delta, Turkey. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 86: 161-169.
  • Ezemonye, L.I., Ikpesu, T.O., Tongo,I. (2009): Distribution of endosulfan in water, sediment and fish from Warri river, Niger delta, Nigeria. African Journal of Ecology, 48: 248-254.
  • Flandysz, J., Wyrzykkowska, B., Worzocha, J., Barska, I., Garbacik-Wesolowska, A., Szefer, P. (2004): Organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in perch Perca Fluviatilis from the Odra/Oder River estuary, Baltic Sea. Food Chemistry, 87: 17-23.
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (2002): International code of conduct on the distribution and use of pesticides (Release date 2010-9-25). http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/Y4544E/y4544e00.htm (accessed January 30, 2013).
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (2011): FAOSTAT. Pesticide Consumption 1990-2011, (Release date: 24 April 2012). http://faostat.fao.org/site/424/default.aspx#ancor (accessed November 17, 2012).
  • Ferrante, M.C., Clausi, M.T., Meli, R., Fusco, G., Naccari, C., Lucisano, A. (2010): Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in European eel (Anguilla anguilla) from the Garigliano River (Campania region, Italy). Chemosphere, 78: 709-716.
  • Güvenc, D., Aksoy, A. (2007): Poliklorlu bifenillerin toksikolojisi. Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi, 78: 18-25.
  • Hamilton, D., Crossley, S. (2004): Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water Human Exposure and Risks. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., England.
  • Harvey, J., Harwell, L., Summers, J.K. (2008): Contaminant concentrations in whole-body fish and shellfish US estuaries. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 137: 403-412.
  • Kalyoncu, L., Agca, İ., Aktümsek, A. (2009): Some organochlorine pesticide residues in fish species in Konya, Turkey. Chemosphere, 74: 885-889.
  • Karakaya, M., Boyraz, N. (1992): Gıda kirlenmesinde pestisitler ve korunma yolları. Çevre Dergisi, 4: 11-15.
  • Kaya, H. (2007): Atikhisar Barajı ve Sarıçay’da pestisit ve evsel kirliliğin araştırılması. M.A. Thesis, Department of Seafood, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University.
  • Kınık, Ö. (2002): Süt ve Ürünlerinde Pestisitler, TMMOB. Gıda Mühendisliği Dergisi, 6: 31-38.
  • Kurşun, Ö., MOR, F. (2009): Aperspective on the potential health risks of dioxin in human food. Uludag University Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 28: 43-47.
  • Liu, Z., Zhong, H., Tao, M., Yang, S., Wang, L., Liu, Y., Ma, D., He, Z. (2010): Organochlorine pesticides in consumer fish and mollusks of lianoning province, China: Distribution and human exposure implications. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 59: 444-453.
  • Llobet Juan, M.., Domingo, J.L., Bocio, A., Casas, C., Teixido, A., Müller, L. (2003): Human exposure to dioxins through the diet in Catalonia, Spain: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. Chemosphere, 50: 1193-1200.
  • Mathur, N., Pandey, G., Jain, G.C. (2010): Pesticides: A review of the male reproductive toxicity. Journal of Herbal Medicine and Toxicology, 4(1): 1-8.
  • Mead, P.S., Slutsker, L., Dietz, V., McCaig, L.F., Bresee, J.S., Shapiro, C., Griffin, P.M., Tauxe, R.V. (1999): Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 5: 607-625.
  • Okay, O.S., Karacık, B., Başak, S., Henkelmann, B., Bernhöft, S., Shcramm, K.W. (2009): PCB and PCDD/F in sediments and mussels of the Istanbul Strait (Turkey). Chemosphere, 76: 159-166.
  • Okay, O.S., Karacık, B., Henkelmann, B., Shcramm, K.W. (2011): Distribution of organochlorine pesticides in sediments and mussels from the Istanbul strait. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 176: 51-65.
  • Özçelik, B., Uygun, Ü., Bayram, B. (2011): Handbook of Seafood Quality, Safety and Health Applications. In: Alasalvar, C., Shahidi, F., Miyashita, K., Wanasundara, U. (Eds.), Seafoods and Environmental Contaminants. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., UK, pp. 303-311.
  • Özden, Ö., Kruse, R., Erkan, N. (2001): Vorkommen von Rükständen an Organochlor-Pestiziden, Nitromoschusverbindungen und Polychlorierten Biphenylen in türkischen Fisdauerkonserven. Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 108: 159-163.
  • Özden, Ö., Kruse, R., Erkan, N. (2002): Bestimmung von Organochlor-Pestiziden und Polychlorierten Biphenylen in Miesmuscheln. Deutsche Lebensmittel-Rundschau, 98: 215-220.
  • Saler, S. (2006): Pestisitlerin akuatik omurgasızlar üzerine etkisi. Sümder Dergisi, 25-26: 28-32.
  • Seyran, A., Erişir, M. (2008): Poliklorlu bifeniller ve sağlık üzerine etkileri. Fırat University Veterinary Journal of Health Sciences, 22 (1): 33-40.
  • Smith, A.G., Gangolli, S.D. (2002): Organochlorine chemicals in seafood: Occurrence and health concerns. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 40: 767-779.
  • Storelli, M.M. (2008): Potential human health risks from metals (Hg, Cd and Pb) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) via seafood consumption: Estimation of target hazard quotients (THQs) and toxic equivalents (TEQs). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46: 2782-2788.
  • Syasina, I. G. (2003): Organochlorine pesticides in fishes and mollusks from lower reaches of the Tumen River and of the contiguous part of Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan). Ecology, 29: 23-30.
  • Sweilum, M.A. (2006): Effect of sublethal toxicity of some pesticides on growth parameters, haematological properties and total production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) and water quality of ponds. Aquaculture Research, 37: 1079-1089.
  • Wilson, J.S., Tsunehiro, O. (2004): To Spray or not to spray: Pesticides, banana exports, and food safety. Food Policy, 29: 131-146.
  • Takazawa, Y., Tanaka, A., Shibata, Y. (2008): Organochlorine pesticides in muscle of rainbow trout from remote Japanese Lake and their potential risk on human health. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 187: 31-40.
  • Tarım ve Gıda Paneli Son Rapor (2003): Tübitak vizyon 2023 bilim ve teknoloji öngörüsü projesi. http://www.tubitak.gov.tr/tubitak_content_files/vizyon2023/tg/tarimgida_son_surum.pdf. (accesed 08.02.2013)
  • Topçu Sulak, M. (2012): Pestisitlerin taşınım süreçleri ve çevresel etkileri. I. Tarım Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Sempozyumu. 6-7 April 2012, Şanlıurfa.
  • Turgut, C. (2003): The contamination with organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in surface water in Küçük Menderes River in Turkey, 2000-2002. Environment International, 29: 29-32.
  • Turkish Agriculture Industry Report (2010): Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry Invesment Support and Promotion Agency of Turkey. Date: July 2010. http://www.invest.gov.tr/en-US/infocenter/publications/Documents/AGRICULTURE.INDUSTRY.PDF (accesed 08.02.2013)
  • Turkish Food Codex (2009): Communique on maximum residue limits of pesticides that are allowed in foodstuffs. In: Official Gazette No. 27449. Date: 31.12. 2009. Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Agriculture (in Turkish).
  • Turkish Food Codex (2011): Registration of contaminants. In: Official Gazette No. 28157. Date: 29.12. 2011. Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Agriculture (in Turkish).
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) (2011): Agricultural Gensus Statistics. (Release date: 26 November 2012). http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Gosterge.do?id=3630&metod=IlgiliGosterge (accesed 08.02.2013)
  • Uluocak, B., Egemen, H.Ö. (2005): İzmir ve Aliağa Körfezinde mevsimsel olarak avlanan bazı ekonomik balık türlerinde organik klorlu pestisit kalıntılarının araştırılması. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 22(1-2): 149-160.
  • Yeşil, S., Ögür, E. (2011): Zirai mücadelede pestisit kullanımının Türkiye ve Konya ölçeğinde değerlendirilmesi ve pestisit kullanımının olası sakıncaları. I. Konya Kent Sempozyumu, 26-27 November 2011, Konya.

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 19 - 32, 01.01.2015

Şafak Ulusoy , Özkan Özden

https://doi.org/10.3153/JFHS15003

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ağca, İ. (2006): Konya’da satılan bazı balık türlerinde organoklorlu bazı pestisit kalıntılarının tayini. M.A. Thesis, Department of Biology, University of Selçuk.
  • Aksoy, A., Guvenc, D., Yavuz, O., Das, Y.K., Atmaca, E. (2012): Seasonal variation of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticide levels of sea and cultured farm fish in the Samsun Region of Turkey. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 88: 842-849.
  • Aktumsek, A., Kara, H., Huseyin Kara, Nizamlioglu, F., Dinç, I. (2002): Monitoring of organochlorine pesticide residues in pikeperch, Stizostedion lucioperca L. in Beyşehir Lake (Central Anatolia). Environmental Technology, 23: 391-394.
  • Arslan, S. (2009): Bitkisel kaynaklı aktif karbon ile pestisit giderimi. M.A. Thesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Yıldız Technical University.
  • Atamanalp, M., Yanık, T. (2001): Pestisitlerin Cyprinidae’lere toksik etkileri. Ege Journal of Fisheries & Aquatic Science, 3(4): 555-563.
  • Ayas, Z. (2007): Review on DDT and its residues in Turkey’s wetlands. Journal of Environmental Biology, 28: 707-715.
  • Barlas, H., Coelhan, M., Bayat, C. (2000): Marmara Denizi’ndeki bazı balıklarda pestisit kirliliği düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. The Symposium the Marmara Sea 2000, 11-12 November, İstanbul.
  • Başçınar, N., Gumrukcu, F., Okumus, I. (2008): Genç gökkuşağı alabalıklarında (Oncorhynchus mykiss Walbaum) yemleme stratejisi üzerine bir çalışma. Journal of Fisheries Sciences.com, 2: 224-232.
  • Başpınar, H., Durmusoglu, E., Yıldırım, E.M. (2010): Türkiye’de tarım ilaçları üretim ve kullanımı.Turkey agricultural engineering VII Technical Congress, 11-15 January 2010, Ankara.
  • Bocio, A., Llobet, J.M., Domingo, J.L., Corbella, J., Teixido, A., Casas, C. (2003): Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in foodstuffs: Human exposure through the diet. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51: 3191-3195.
  • Boscolo, R., Cacciatore, F., Berto, D., Giani, M. (2007): Polychlorinated biphenyls in clams Tapes philippinarum cultured in the Venice Lagoon (Italy): Contamination levels and dietary exposure assessment. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 45: 1065-1075.
  • Bulut, S., Erdoğmuş, S.F., Konuk, M., Cemek, M. (2010): The Organochlorine pesticide residues in the drinking waters, of Afyonkarahisar, Turkey. Ekoloji, 74: 24-31.
  • Bulut, H., Tamer, A. (1996): Pestisit kullanımının azaltılması ile ilgili politika ve stratejiler. II. Symposium National Pest Eradication Chemicals, 18-20 November, Ankara.
  • Carvalho, F.P. (2006): Agriculture, pesticides, food security and food safety. Environmental Science and Policy, 9: 685-692.
  • Chopra, A.K., Sharma, M.K., Chamoli, S. (2010): Bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides in aquatic system- an overview. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 173 (1-4): 905-916.
  • Coelhan, M., Strohmeier, J., Barlas, H. (2006): Organochlorine levels in edible fish from the Marmara Sea, Turkey. Environment International, 32: 775-780.
  • Çakırogulları, G.C. (2006): İzmit Körfezi’nde su, sediment, mezgit (Gadus merlangus L.1758) ve istavrit (Trachurus mediterraneus S.1868) balıklarında poliklorlu bifeniller ile DDT’nin saptanması. M.A. Thesis, Department of Seafood, Ankara University.
  • Çakırogulları, G.C., Kılıç, D., Uçar, Y. (2010): Levels of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzo-p-furans and polychlorinated biphenyls in farmed sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) and sea bream (Sparus aurata) from Turkey. Food Control, 21: 1245-1249.
  • Çakıroğulları, G.Ç., Uçar, Y., Kılıç, D. (2011): PCDD, PCDF and PCB contamination in Atherina boyeri (Risso, 1810) from Turkey. Food Control, 22: 67-71.
  • Delen, N., Durmuşoğlu, E., Güncan, A., Güngör, N., Turgut, C., Burçak, A. (2005) Türkiye’de pestisit kullanımı kalıntı ve organizmalarda duyarlılık azalışı sorunları. Turkey Agricultural Engineering Sixth Technical Congress, 3-7 January, Ankara.
  • DPMARA (Department of Publication of the Ministry of the Agriculture and Rurl Areas) (2011): http://turkiyeharitalar.blogspot.com/2011/11/turkiye-tarmsal-uretim-haritas.html (accessed January 30, 2013).
  • DPT (Turkish Prime Ministry-State Planning Organization) (2001): Eight Plan of Five-year Development. Chemical Industry (Pesticides) Special Commission Report, Ankara.
  • DPT (Turkish Prime Ministry-State Planning Organization) (2008): Ninth Plan of Development. Chemical Industry Special Commission, Fertilizer-Pesticide Working Group Report, Ankara.
  • Erdoğan, B.Y. (2010): Samsun’da yaygın olarak kullanılan pestisitlerin sağlığa ve çevreye etkileri. Alınteri, 19(B): 28-35.
  • Erkmen, B., Kolankaya, D. (2006): Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in water, sediment and fish samples from the Meriç Delta, Turkey. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 86: 161-169.
  • Ezemonye, L.I., Ikpesu, T.O., Tongo,I. (2009): Distribution of endosulfan in water, sediment and fish from Warri river, Niger delta, Nigeria. African Journal of Ecology, 48: 248-254.
  • Flandysz, J., Wyrzykkowska, B., Worzocha, J., Barska, I., Garbacik-Wesolowska, A., Szefer, P. (2004): Organochlorine pesticides and PCBs in perch Perca Fluviatilis from the Odra/Oder River estuary, Baltic Sea. Food Chemistry, 87: 17-23.
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (2002): International code of conduct on the distribution and use of pesticides (Release date 2010-9-25). http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/Y4544E/y4544e00.htm (accessed January 30, 2013).
  • FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations) (2011): FAOSTAT. Pesticide Consumption 1990-2011, (Release date: 24 April 2012). http://faostat.fao.org/site/424/default.aspx#ancor (accessed November 17, 2012).
  • Ferrante, M.C., Clausi, M.T., Meli, R., Fusco, G., Naccari, C., Lucisano, A. (2010): Polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides in European eel (Anguilla anguilla) from the Garigliano River (Campania region, Italy). Chemosphere, 78: 709-716.
  • Güvenc, D., Aksoy, A. (2007): Poliklorlu bifenillerin toksikolojisi. Veteriner Hekimler Derneği Dergisi, 78: 18-25.
  • Hamilton, D., Crossley, S. (2004): Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water Human Exposure and Risks. John Wiley & Sons Ltd., England.
  • Harvey, J., Harwell, L., Summers, J.K. (2008): Contaminant concentrations in whole-body fish and shellfish US estuaries. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 137: 403-412.
  • Kalyoncu, L., Agca, İ., Aktümsek, A. (2009): Some organochlorine pesticide residues in fish species in Konya, Turkey. Chemosphere, 74: 885-889.
  • Karakaya, M., Boyraz, N. (1992): Gıda kirlenmesinde pestisitler ve korunma yolları. Çevre Dergisi, 4: 11-15.
  • Kaya, H. (2007): Atikhisar Barajı ve Sarıçay’da pestisit ve evsel kirliliğin araştırılması. M.A. Thesis, Department of Seafood, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University.
  • Kınık, Ö. (2002): Süt ve Ürünlerinde Pestisitler, TMMOB. Gıda Mühendisliği Dergisi, 6: 31-38.
  • Kurşun, Ö., MOR, F. (2009): Aperspective on the potential health risks of dioxin in human food. Uludag University Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, 28: 43-47.
  • Liu, Z., Zhong, H., Tao, M., Yang, S., Wang, L., Liu, Y., Ma, D., He, Z. (2010): Organochlorine pesticides in consumer fish and mollusks of lianoning province, China: Distribution and human exposure implications. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 59: 444-453.
  • Llobet Juan, M.., Domingo, J.L., Bocio, A., Casas, C., Teixido, A., Müller, L. (2003): Human exposure to dioxins through the diet in Catalonia, Spain: Carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk. Chemosphere, 50: 1193-1200.
  • Mathur, N., Pandey, G., Jain, G.C. (2010): Pesticides: A review of the male reproductive toxicity. Journal of Herbal Medicine and Toxicology, 4(1): 1-8.
  • Mead, P.S., Slutsker, L., Dietz, V., McCaig, L.F., Bresee, J.S., Shapiro, C., Griffin, P.M., Tauxe, R.V. (1999): Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 5: 607-625.
  • Okay, O.S., Karacık, B., Başak, S., Henkelmann, B., Bernhöft, S., Shcramm, K.W. (2009): PCB and PCDD/F in sediments and mussels of the Istanbul Strait (Turkey). Chemosphere, 76: 159-166.
  • Okay, O.S., Karacık, B., Henkelmann, B., Shcramm, K.W. (2011): Distribution of organochlorine pesticides in sediments and mussels from the Istanbul strait. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 176: 51-65.
  • Özçelik, B., Uygun, Ü., Bayram, B. (2011): Handbook of Seafood Quality, Safety and Health Applications. In: Alasalvar, C., Shahidi, F., Miyashita, K., Wanasundara, U. (Eds.), Seafoods and Environmental Contaminants. Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd., UK, pp. 303-311.
  • Özden, Ö., Kruse, R., Erkan, N. (2001): Vorkommen von Rükständen an Organochlor-Pestiziden, Nitromoschusverbindungen und Polychlorierten Biphenylen in türkischen Fisdauerkonserven. Deutsche Tierärztliche Wochenschrift, 108: 159-163.
  • Özden, Ö., Kruse, R., Erkan, N. (2002): Bestimmung von Organochlor-Pestiziden und Polychlorierten Biphenylen in Miesmuscheln. Deutsche Lebensmittel-Rundschau, 98: 215-220.
  • Saler, S. (2006): Pestisitlerin akuatik omurgasızlar üzerine etkisi. Sümder Dergisi, 25-26: 28-32.
  • Seyran, A., Erişir, M. (2008): Poliklorlu bifeniller ve sağlık üzerine etkileri. Fırat University Veterinary Journal of Health Sciences, 22 (1): 33-40.
  • Smith, A.G., Gangolli, S.D. (2002): Organochlorine chemicals in seafood: Occurrence and health concerns. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 40: 767-779.
  • Storelli, M.M. (2008): Potential human health risks from metals (Hg, Cd and Pb) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) via seafood consumption: Estimation of target hazard quotients (THQs) and toxic equivalents (TEQs). Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46: 2782-2788.
  • Syasina, I. G. (2003): Organochlorine pesticides in fishes and mollusks from lower reaches of the Tumen River and of the contiguous part of Peter the Great Bay (Sea of Japan). Ecology, 29: 23-30.
  • Sweilum, M.A. (2006): Effect of sublethal toxicity of some pesticides on growth parameters, haematological properties and total production of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) and water quality of ponds. Aquaculture Research, 37: 1079-1089.
  • Wilson, J.S., Tsunehiro, O. (2004): To Spray or not to spray: Pesticides, banana exports, and food safety. Food Policy, 29: 131-146.
  • Takazawa, Y., Tanaka, A., Shibata, Y. (2008): Organochlorine pesticides in muscle of rainbow trout from remote Japanese Lake and their potential risk on human health. Water, Air and Soil Pollution, 187: 31-40.
  • Tarım ve Gıda Paneli Son Rapor (2003): Tübitak vizyon 2023 bilim ve teknoloji öngörüsü projesi. http://www.tubitak.gov.tr/tubitak_content_files/vizyon2023/tg/tarimgida_son_surum.pdf. (accesed 08.02.2013)
  • Topçu Sulak, M. (2012): Pestisitlerin taşınım süreçleri ve çevresel etkileri. I. Tarım Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Sempozyumu. 6-7 April 2012, Şanlıurfa.
  • Turgut, C. (2003): The contamination with organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals in surface water in Küçük Menderes River in Turkey, 2000-2002. Environment International, 29: 29-32.
  • Turkish Agriculture Industry Report (2010): Republic of Turkey Prime Ministry Invesment Support and Promotion Agency of Turkey. Date: July 2010. http://www.invest.gov.tr/en-US/infocenter/publications/Documents/AGRICULTURE.INDUSTRY.PDF (accesed 08.02.2013)
  • Turkish Food Codex (2009): Communique on maximum residue limits of pesticides that are allowed in foodstuffs. In: Official Gazette No. 27449. Date: 31.12. 2009. Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Agriculture (in Turkish).
  • Turkish Food Codex (2011): Registration of contaminants. In: Official Gazette No. 28157. Date: 29.12. 2011. Ankara, Turkey: Ministry of Agriculture (in Turkish).
  • Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK) (2011): Agricultural Gensus Statistics. (Release date: 26 November 2012). http://www.tuik.gov.tr/Gosterge.do?id=3630&metod=IlgiliGosterge (accesed 08.02.2013)
  • Uluocak, B., Egemen, H.Ö. (2005): İzmir ve Aliağa Körfezinde mevsimsel olarak avlanan bazı ekonomik balık türlerinde organik klorlu pestisit kalıntılarının araştırılması. Ege Üniversitesi Su Ürünleri Dergisi, 22(1-2): 149-160.
  • Yeşil, S., Ögür, E. (2011): Zirai mücadelede pestisit kullanımının Türkiye ve Konya ölçeğinde değerlendirilmesi ve pestisit kullanımının olası sakıncaları. I. Konya Kent Sempozyumu, 26-27 November 2011, Konya.
Toplam 64 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Articles
Yazarlar

Şafak Ulusoy

Özkan Özden

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Ocak 2015
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Ekim 2014
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Ulusoy, Ş., & Özden, Ö. (2015). PESTICIDE RISKS OF SEAFOOD IN TURKEY. Food and Health, 1(1), 19-32. https://doi.org/10.3153/JFHS15003
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