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DEFNE (Laurus nobilis) UÇUCU YAĞ BİLEŞİMİ ÜZERİNE DİSTİLASYON SÜRESİNİN ETKİSİ

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 37 - 42, 01.01.2018

Muharrem Gölükçü Hakuk Tokgoz Demet Yıldız Turgut

https://doi.org/10.3153/JFHS18005

Abstract

Önemli tıbbi-aromatik bitkilerden birisi olan defnenin
yaprakları baharat olarak kullanılmasının yanında uçucu yağ üretiminde de
yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Defne uçucu yağının kalitesi bileşimi ile
doğrudan ilişkilidir. Uçucu yağ bileşimi, kullanılan materyalin tür veya çeşidi
olmak üzere, yetiştirildiği bölge, hasat zamanı, uygulanan proses gibi değişik
faktörlerden etkilenebilmektedir. Çalışma kapsamında hidro-distilasyon
süresinin defne uçucu yağ bileşimi üzerine olan etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu
amaçla beş farklı distilasyon süresinin (10, 20, 30, 60 ve 120 dakika) etkisi
incelenmiştir. Araştırma bulguları distilasyon süresinin defne uçucu yağ
bileşiminde oldukça etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Defne yaprak uçucu yağının en
önemli bileşeni olan 1,8-sineol uygulama süresine bağlı olarak %57.7-79.4
aralığında değişim göstermiştir. Bulgular distilasyon süresi dikkate alınarak
pazar talebi ve uygulama alanına göre farklı bileşimlere sahip defne yaprak
uçucu yağı üretilebileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Keywords

Defne Laurus nobilis Distilasyon süresi Uçucu yağ bileşimi

References

  • Acar, İ. (1985). Defne (Laurus nobilis L.) yaprağı ve yaprak eterik yağının üretilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi. Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Teknik Bülten Serisi No: 186. 89 s. Ankara.
  • Anonim, (2011). TSE EN ISO 6571-Baharatlar, Çeşniler ve Tıbbi Bitkiler - Uçucu Yağ Muhtevasının Tayini (hidrodistilasyon yöntemi). Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Başer, K.H.C. & Buchbauer, G. (2010). Handbook of essential oils: science technology and applications. CRC Press, New York, 975 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4200-6315-8.
  • Başer, K.H., Gülbaba, A.G., Azcan, N., Kara, M., Kırımer, N. & Kürkçüoğlu M. (1998). Türkiye’de yetiştirilen bazı okaliptüs (Eucalyptus) türlerinin uçucu yağ verim ve bileşimlerinin ve üretim teknolojilerinin belirlenmesi. Tarsus: Doğu Akdeniz 160 Ormancılık Araştırma Müdürlüğü, Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Yayın No: 84, DOA Yayın No:11, Teknik Bülten No:7.
  • Bernotiene, G., Nivinskiene, O., Butkiene, R., & Mockute, D. (2007). Essential oil composition variability in sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Chemija, 18(4), 38-43.
  • Bouzouita, N., Nafti, A., Chaabouni, M.M., Lognay, G.C., Marlier, M., Zghoulli, S. & Thonart, P. (2001). Chemical composition of Laurus nobilis oil from Tunisia. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 13, 116-117.
  • Cannon, J.B., Cantrell, C.L., Astatkie, T. & Zheljazkov, V.D. (2013). Modification of yield and composition of essential oils by distillation time. Industrial Crops and Products, 41, 214-220.
  • Caredda, A., Marongiu, B., Porcedda, S. & Soro, C. (2002). Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and characterization of Laurus nobilis essential oil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 1492-1496
  • Dadalıoğlu, I. & Evrendilek, G.A. (2004). Chemical compositions and antibacterial effects of essential oils of Turkish oregano (Origanum minutiflorum), bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), Spanish lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.), and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on common foodborne pathogens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(26), 8255-8260.
  • Derwich, E., Benziane, Z., & Boukir, A. (2009). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of leaves essental oil of Laurus nobilis from Morocco. Australian Journal of Basic and applied Sciences, 3(4), 3818-3824.
  • Diaz-Maroto, M.C., Perez-Coello, M.S., & Cabezudo, M.D. (2002). Effect of drying method on the volatiles in bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 4520-4524.
  • Erden, Ü. (2005). Akdeniz Defnesi (Laurus nobilis L.)’nde Mevsimsel Varyabilite Ve Optimal Kurutma Yöntemlerinin Araştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, 47 s. Adana.
  • Fiorini, C., Fouraste, I., David, B., & Bessiere, J. (1997). Composition of the flower, leaf and stem essential oils from Laurus nobilis. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 12(2), 91-93.
  • Flamini, G., Tebano, M., Cioni, P.L., Ceccarini, L., Ricci, A.S. & Longo, I. (2007). Comparison between the conventional method of extraction of essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. and a novel method which uses microwaves applied in situ, without resorting to an oven. Journal of Chromatography A, 1143, 36-40.
  • Handa, S.S., Khanuja, S.P.S., Longo, G. & Rakesh, D.D. (2008). Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants. United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the International Centre for Science and High Technology, 260 pp. Trieste, Italy.
  • Karadeniz, H. (2001). Hatay Bölgesi defne yaprağı ve meyvası uçucu yağının özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı, 89 s. Hatay.
  • Karık, Ü., Çiçek, F., Oğur, E., Tutar, M. & Ayas, F. (2015). Türkiye defne (Laurus nobilis L.) popülasyonlarının uçucu yağ bileşenleri. Anadolu, 25(1), 1-16.
  • Kaurinovic, B., Popovic, M. & Vlaisavljevic, S. (2010). In vitro and in vivo effects of Laurus nobilis L. leaf extracts. Molecules, 15, 3378-3390.
  • Marques, A., Teixeira, B. & Nunes, M.L. (2016). Bay laurel (Laurus nobilis) oils. Chapter 26, p: 239- 246. (Editor, Preedy, V.R.: Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety, Academic Press, 896 pp. London, UK.
  • Ozek, T. (2012). Distillation parameters for pilot plant production of Laurus nobilis essential oil. Records of Natural Products, 6, 135-143.
  • Özcan, M. & Chalchat, J.C. (2005). Effect of different locations on the chemical composition of essential oils of laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) leaves growing wild in Turkey. Journal of Medicinal Food, 8, 408-411.
  • Özek, G., Demirci, F., Özek, T., Tabanca, N., Wedge, D.E., Khan, S.I., Başer, K.H.C., Duran, A. & Hamzaoglu, E. (2010). Gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of volatiles obtained by four different techniques from Salvia rosifolia Sm., and evaluation for biological activity. Journal of Chromatography A, 1217, 741-748.
  • Polat, S., Gülbaba, A.G. & Tüfekçi, S. (2009). Defne (Laurus nobilis L.) alanlarında en uygun yaprak işletme şekli ve maliyetlerinin belirlenmesi (Tarsus Örneği). Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Yayın no: 391. 55 s.
  • Quijano, C.E. & Pino, J.A. (2007). Characterization of the leaf essential oil from laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) grown in Colombia. Revista CENIC Ciencias Químicas, 38, 371-374.
  • Sangun, M.K., Aydin, E., Timur, M., Karadeniz, H., Çaliskan, M. & Ozkan, A. (2007). Comparision of chemical composition of the essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. leaves and fruits from different regions of Hatay. Journal of Environmental Biology, 28(4), 731-733. Sellami, I.H., Wannes, W.A., Bettaieb, I., Berrima, S., Chahed, T., Marzouk, B. & Limam, F. (2011). Qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. leaves as affected by different drying methods. Food Chemistry, 126, 691-697
  • Şekeroğlu, N., Özgüven, M. & Erden, U. (2007). Effects of the drying temperature on essential oil content of bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.) harvested at different times. International Symposium on Medicinal and Nutraceutical Plants, 756: 315-320
  • Takayama, C., de Faria, F.M., de Almeida, A.C.A., Dunder, R.J., Manzo, L.P., Socca, E.A.R., Batista, L.M., Salvador, M.J., Souza-Brito, A.R.M. & Luiz-Ferreira, A. (2016). Chemical composition of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil and antioxidant action against gastric damage induced by absolute ethanol in the rat. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 6(8), 677-681.
  • Toker, R., Gölükcü, M. & Tokgöz, H. (2017). Effects of distillation times on essential oil compositions of Origanum minutiflorum O. Schwarz Et. And P.H. Davis. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 29(4), 330-335.
  • Tuğrul Ay, S., Gölükçü, M., Toker, R. & Turgut, K. (2011). Farklı yüksekliğin ve uygulamaların defne bitkisin kalite özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi. IX. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 2. Cilt (Endüstri Bitkileri ve Biyoteknoloji), s: 1398-1403.
  • Zheljazkov, V.D., Cantrell, C.L., Astatkie, T. & Jeliazkova, E. (2013a). Distillaton time effects on lavender essential oil yield and composition. Journal of Oleo Science, 62, 195–199.
  • Zheljazkov, V.D., Horgan, T., Astatkie, T. & Schlegel, V. (2013b). Distillaton time modifies essential oil yield, composition, and antioxidant capacity of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill). Jornal of Oleo Science, 62, 665–672.

EFFECT OF DISTILLATION TIME ON ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITIONS OF BAY LEAF (Laurus nobilis L.)

Year 2018, Volume: 4 Issue: 1, 37 - 42, 01.01.2018

Muharrem Gölükçü Hakuk Tokgoz Demet Yıldız Turgut

https://doi.org/10.3153/JFHS18005

Abstract

Bay leaf is an
important medicinal and aromatic plant. It is used as spice and also in
essential oil production.  Leaf essential
oil quality is related with its composition. Its composition could be affected
from plant species or cultivar, growing area, harvesting time, processing
methods. In this study, the effect of hydro-distillation time on essential
composition of bay leaf was investigated. For this purpose, essential oil
composition of bay leaf was determined during five different distillation
periods (10, 20, 30, 60 and 120 minutes). The research findings showed that
significant differences were observed in essential oil composition with respect
to distillation time. Main component of bay leaf essential oil is 1,8‑cineole
and ranged between 57.7-79.4% according to distillation time. Results showed
that it is possible to produce varied composition bay leaf essential oil by
taking in consideration distillation time.

Keywords

Bay leaf Laurus nobilis Distillation time Essential oil composition

References

  • Acar, İ. (1985). Defne (Laurus nobilis L.) yaprağı ve yaprak eterik yağının üretilmesi ve değerlendirilmesi. Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Yayınları, Teknik Bülten Serisi No: 186. 89 s. Ankara.
  • Anonim, (2011). TSE EN ISO 6571-Baharatlar, Çeşniler ve Tıbbi Bitkiler - Uçucu Yağ Muhtevasının Tayini (hidrodistilasyon yöntemi). Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Başer, K.H.C. & Buchbauer, G. (2010). Handbook of essential oils: science technology and applications. CRC Press, New York, 975 pp. ISBN: 978-1-4200-6315-8.
  • Başer, K.H., Gülbaba, A.G., Azcan, N., Kara, M., Kırımer, N. & Kürkçüoğlu M. (1998). Türkiye’de yetiştirilen bazı okaliptüs (Eucalyptus) türlerinin uçucu yağ verim ve bileşimlerinin ve üretim teknolojilerinin belirlenmesi. Tarsus: Doğu Akdeniz 160 Ormancılık Araştırma Müdürlüğü, Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Yayın No: 84, DOA Yayın No:11, Teknik Bülten No:7.
  • Bernotiene, G., Nivinskiene, O., Butkiene, R., & Mockute, D. (2007). Essential oil composition variability in sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Chemija, 18(4), 38-43.
  • Bouzouita, N., Nafti, A., Chaabouni, M.M., Lognay, G.C., Marlier, M., Zghoulli, S. & Thonart, P. (2001). Chemical composition of Laurus nobilis oil from Tunisia. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 13, 116-117.
  • Cannon, J.B., Cantrell, C.L., Astatkie, T. & Zheljazkov, V.D. (2013). Modification of yield and composition of essential oils by distillation time. Industrial Crops and Products, 41, 214-220.
  • Caredda, A., Marongiu, B., Porcedda, S. & Soro, C. (2002). Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and characterization of Laurus nobilis essential oil. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 1492-1496
  • Dadalıoğlu, I. & Evrendilek, G.A. (2004). Chemical compositions and antibacterial effects of essential oils of Turkish oregano (Origanum minutiflorum), bay laurel (Laurus nobilis), Spanish lavender (Lavandula stoechas L.), and fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) on common foodborne pathogens. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52(26), 8255-8260.
  • Derwich, E., Benziane, Z., & Boukir, A. (2009). Chemical composition and antibacterial activity of leaves essental oil of Laurus nobilis from Morocco. Australian Journal of Basic and applied Sciences, 3(4), 3818-3824.
  • Diaz-Maroto, M.C., Perez-Coello, M.S., & Cabezudo, M.D. (2002). Effect of drying method on the volatiles in bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50, 4520-4524.
  • Erden, Ü. (2005). Akdeniz Defnesi (Laurus nobilis L.)’nde Mevsimsel Varyabilite Ve Optimal Kurutma Yöntemlerinin Araştırılması. Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Tarla Bitkileri Anabilim Dalı, 47 s. Adana.
  • Fiorini, C., Fouraste, I., David, B., & Bessiere, J. (1997). Composition of the flower, leaf and stem essential oils from Laurus nobilis. Flavour and Fragrance Journal, 12(2), 91-93.
  • Flamini, G., Tebano, M., Cioni, P.L., Ceccarini, L., Ricci, A.S. & Longo, I. (2007). Comparison between the conventional method of extraction of essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. and a novel method which uses microwaves applied in situ, without resorting to an oven. Journal of Chromatography A, 1143, 36-40.
  • Handa, S.S., Khanuja, S.P.S., Longo, G. & Rakesh, D.D. (2008). Extraction technologies for medicinal and aromatic plants. United Nations Industrial Development Organization and the International Centre for Science and High Technology, 260 pp. Trieste, Italy.
  • Karadeniz, H. (2001). Hatay Bölgesi defne yaprağı ve meyvası uçucu yağının özelliklerinin belirlenmesi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Kimya Anabilim Dalı, 89 s. Hatay.
  • Karık, Ü., Çiçek, F., Oğur, E., Tutar, M. & Ayas, F. (2015). Türkiye defne (Laurus nobilis L.) popülasyonlarının uçucu yağ bileşenleri. Anadolu, 25(1), 1-16.
  • Kaurinovic, B., Popovic, M. & Vlaisavljevic, S. (2010). In vitro and in vivo effects of Laurus nobilis L. leaf extracts. Molecules, 15, 3378-3390.
  • Marques, A., Teixeira, B. & Nunes, M.L. (2016). Bay laurel (Laurus nobilis) oils. Chapter 26, p: 239- 246. (Editor, Preedy, V.R.: Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety, Academic Press, 896 pp. London, UK.
  • Ozek, T. (2012). Distillation parameters for pilot plant production of Laurus nobilis essential oil. Records of Natural Products, 6, 135-143.
  • Özcan, M. & Chalchat, J.C. (2005). Effect of different locations on the chemical composition of essential oils of laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) leaves growing wild in Turkey. Journal of Medicinal Food, 8, 408-411.
  • Özek, G., Demirci, F., Özek, T., Tabanca, N., Wedge, D.E., Khan, S.I., Başer, K.H.C., Duran, A. & Hamzaoglu, E. (2010). Gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric analysis of volatiles obtained by four different techniques from Salvia rosifolia Sm., and evaluation for biological activity. Journal of Chromatography A, 1217, 741-748.
  • Polat, S., Gülbaba, A.G. & Tüfekçi, S. (2009). Defne (Laurus nobilis L.) alanlarında en uygun yaprak işletme şekli ve maliyetlerinin belirlenmesi (Tarsus Örneği). Çevre ve Orman Bakanlığı Yayın no: 391. 55 s.
  • Quijano, C.E. & Pino, J.A. (2007). Characterization of the leaf essential oil from laurel (Laurus nobilis L.) grown in Colombia. Revista CENIC Ciencias Químicas, 38, 371-374.
  • Sangun, M.K., Aydin, E., Timur, M., Karadeniz, H., Çaliskan, M. & Ozkan, A. (2007). Comparision of chemical composition of the essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. leaves and fruits from different regions of Hatay. Journal of Environmental Biology, 28(4), 731-733. Sellami, I.H., Wannes, W.A., Bettaieb, I., Berrima, S., Chahed, T., Marzouk, B. & Limam, F. (2011). Qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil of Laurus nobilis L. leaves as affected by different drying methods. Food Chemistry, 126, 691-697
  • Şekeroğlu, N., Özgüven, M. & Erden, U. (2007). Effects of the drying temperature on essential oil content of bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.) harvested at different times. International Symposium on Medicinal and Nutraceutical Plants, 756: 315-320
  • Takayama, C., de Faria, F.M., de Almeida, A.C.A., Dunder, R.J., Manzo, L.P., Socca, E.A.R., Batista, L.M., Salvador, M.J., Souza-Brito, A.R.M. & Luiz-Ferreira, A. (2016). Chemical composition of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil and antioxidant action against gastric damage induced by absolute ethanol in the rat. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 6(8), 677-681.
  • Toker, R., Gölükcü, M. & Tokgöz, H. (2017). Effects of distillation times on essential oil compositions of Origanum minutiflorum O. Schwarz Et. And P.H. Davis. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 29(4), 330-335.
  • Tuğrul Ay, S., Gölükçü, M., Toker, R. & Turgut, K. (2011). Farklı yüksekliğin ve uygulamaların defne bitkisin kalite özellikleri üzerine etkilerinin belirlenmesi. IX. Tarla Bitkileri Kongresi, 2. Cilt (Endüstri Bitkileri ve Biyoteknoloji), s: 1398-1403.
  • Zheljazkov, V.D., Cantrell, C.L., Astatkie, T. & Jeliazkova, E. (2013a). Distillaton time effects on lavender essential oil yield and composition. Journal of Oleo Science, 62, 195–199.
  • Zheljazkov, V.D., Horgan, T., Astatkie, T. & Schlegel, V. (2013b). Distillaton time modifies essential oil yield, composition, and antioxidant capacity of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill). Jornal of Oleo Science, 62, 665–672.
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Muharrem Gölükçü 0000-0003-1646-5876

Hakuk Tokgoz 0000-0002-9956-0045

Demet Yıldız Turgut 0000-0002-7486-3701

Publication Date January 1, 2018
Submission Date April 4, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2018Volume: 4 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gölükçü, M., Tokgoz, H., & Yıldız Turgut, D. (2018). EFFECT OF DISTILLATION TIME ON ESSENTIAL OIL COMPOSITIONS OF BAY LEAF (Laurus nobilis L.). Food and Health, 4(1), 37-42. https://doi.org/10.3153/JFHS18005
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