Food and Health
Research Article
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Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples

Year 2020, Volume 6, Issue 3, 177 - 185, 11.06.2020

Sema ÖZMERT ERGİN

https://doi.org/10.3153/FH20019

Abstract

Pomegranate molasse is a pomegranate product which has become widespread in recent years and can be added to some foods with its unique taste and aroma. In this study, three commercial sold in the market and three pomegranate molasses made by traditional method taken from Burdur (Turkey) public market were investigated. The pH, water soluble dry matter results of the samples were found to comply with the standards. Viscosity values range from 191.35 to 13000 mPa. According to the color analysis, it was detected that the color of the traditional pomegranate molasses was darker than the commercial ones. The phenolic content of samples varies between 10.40-931.56 mg GAE/L. The highest quantity of antioxidant substance was found in the commercial C2 sample. Total aerobic mesophilic bacteria count was carried out to evaluate the hygienic quality of pomegranate molasses samples. It was seen that the most bacteria number was at C1 commercial pomegranate molasse. It was concluded that it would be beneficial to elaborate pomegranate molasse standards and in traditional production, more healthy and reliable products can be obtained with the informations.

Keywords

Antioxidant activity, Hygienic quality, Nutrition, Pomegranate molasses

References

  • Akpınar Bayızıt, A., Ozcan, T., Yılmaz Ersan, L., Yıldız, E. (2016). Evaluation of antioxidant activity of pomegranate molasses by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, 7(1), 71-74. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJCEA.2016.V7.545
  • Alighourchi, H., Barzegar, M., Abbasi, S. (2008). Anthocyanins characterization of 15 Iranian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties and their variation after cold storage and pasteurization. European Food Research and Technology, 227, 881-887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-007-0799-1
  • Anonymous (1986). Meyve ve Sebze Mamulleri Çözünür Katı Madde Miktarı Tayini. Refraktometrik Yöntem, TS 4890, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Anonymous (2001). Nar ekşisi standartı, TS 12720, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Anonymous (2005). Merck Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları. Ed: A.K. Halkman. Ankara: Başak Matbaacılık, 358 s., ISBN: 975-00373-0-8
  • Anonymous (2009). TEMPO TVC (total viable count) REF 80 007, Bio-merieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France.
  • Boggia, R., Casolino, M. C., Hysenaj, V., Oliveri, P., Zunin, P. (2013). A screening method based on UV-visible spectroscopy and multivariate analysis to assess addition of filler juices and water to pomegranate juices. Food Chemistry, 140, 735-741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.020
  • Cemeroğlu, B., Artık, N. (1990). Isıl işlem ve depolama koşullarının nar antosiyaninleri üzerine etkisi. Gıda, 15, 13-19.
  • El Darra, N., Rajha, H.N., Saleh, F., Al-Oweini, R., Maroun, R. G., Louka, N. (2017). Food fraud detection in commercial pomegranate molasses syrups by UV-VIS spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC methods. Food Control, 78, 132-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.02.043
  • Ertaş, N., Çoklar, H. (2008). Farklı pekmez çeşitlerinin doğal şeker kaynağı olarak kek hamuru ve kek özelliklerine etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(46), 51-54.
  • Fadavi, A., Barzegar, M., Azizi, H. M., Bayat, M. (2005). Physicochemical composition of ten pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) grown in Iran. Food Science and Technology International, 11, 113-119. https://doi.org/10.1177/1082013205052765
  • Faour-Klingbeil, D., Todd, E.C.D. (2018). The inhibitory effect of traditional pomegranate molasses on S. typhimurium growth on parsley leaves and in mixed salad vegetables. Journal of Food Safety, 38, e12469. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12469
  • Gullon, B., Pinatado, M.E., Perez-Alvarez, J.A., Viuda-Martos, M. (2016). Assesment of polyphenolic profile and antibacterial activity of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) flour obtained from co-product of juice extraction. Food Control, 59, 94-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.05.025
  • Incedayı, B., Tamer, C.E., Copur, O.U. (2010). A research on the composition of pomegranate molasses. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2), 37-47.
  • Kang, J.H., Song, K.B. (2017). Effect of pomegranate pomace extract as a washing agent on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated on fresh produce. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52, 2295-2302. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13511
  • Karabıyıklı, Ş., Kışla, D. (2012). Inhibitory effect of sour pomegranate sauces on some green vegetables and kısır. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 155, 211-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.02.006
  • Karaca, E. (2011). Nar suyu konsantresi üretiminde uygulanan bazı işlemlerin fenolik bileşenler üzerine etkisi. (Master thesis), University of Çukurova, Adana.
  • Karadeniz, F., Burdurlu, H.S., Koca, N., Soyer, Y. (2005). Antioxidant activity of selected fruits and vegetables grown in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29, 297-303.
  • Kaur, C., Pal, R.K., Kar, A., Gadı, C., Sen, S., Kumar, P., Chandra, R., Jaiswal, S., Khan, I. (2014). Characterization of antioxidants and hypoglycemic potential of pomegranate grown in India: a preliminary investigation. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 38, 397-406. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12066
  • Kaya, A., Sözer, N. (2005). Rheological behaviour of sour pomegranate juice concentrates (Punica granatum L.). International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 40, 223-227. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.00897.x
  • Kışla, D., Karabıyıklı, Ş. (2013). Antimicrobial effect of sour pomegranate sauce on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and S. aureus. Journal of Food Science, 78(5), 715-718. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12099
  • Lansky, E.P., Newman, R.A. (2007). Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 109, 177-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.006
  • Legua, P., Forner-Giner, M.A., Nuncio-Jauregui, N., Hernandez, F. (2016). Polyphenolic compounds, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of nineteen pomegranate fruits: A rich source of bioactive compounds. Journal of Functional Foods, 23, 628-636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2016.01.043
  • Maskan, M. (2006). Production of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice concentrate by various heating methods: colour degradation and kinetics. Journal of Food Engineering, 72, 218-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.11.012
  • Melgarejo, P., Artes, F. (2000). Organic acids and sugar composition of pomegranate juice. European Food Research and Technology, 4, 30-31.
  • Orak, H.H. (2009). Evaluation of antioxidant activity, colour and some nutritional characteristics of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice and its sour concentrate processed by conventional evaporation. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 60(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480701523306
  • Oztan, T. (2006). Mor havuç, konsantresi, şalgam suyu, nar suyu ve nar ekşisi ürünlerinde antioksidan aktivitesi tayini ve fenolik madde profilinin belirlenmesi. Master thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul.
  • Poyrazoğlu, E., Gökmen, V., Artık, N. (2002). Organic acids and phenolic compounds in pomegranates (Punica granatum L) grown in Turkey. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15(5), 567-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-1575(02)91071-9
  • Prashanth, D., Asha, M.K., Amit, A. (2001). Antibacterial activity of Punica granatum. Fitoterapia, 72, 171-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00270-7
  • Sahu, R.K., Kar, M., Routray, R. (2013). DPPH free radical scavenging activity of some leafy vegetables used by tribals of Odisha, India. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 1(4), 21-27.
  • Sarkhosh, A., Zamani, Z., Fatahi, R., Ebadi, A. (2006). RAPD markers reveal polymorphism among some Iranian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) genotypes. Scientia Horticulturae, 111, 24-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.07.033
  • Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144-158.
  • Tehranifar, A., Zarei, M., Nemati, Z., Esfandiyari, B., Vazifeshenas, M.R. (2010). Investigation of physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of twenty Iranian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 126, 180-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.07.001
  • Tzulker, R., Glazer, I., Bar-IIan, I., Holland, D., Aviram, M., Amir, R. (2007). Antioxidant activity, polyphenol content and related compounds in different fruit juices and homogenates prepared from 29 different pomegranate accessions. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 55, 9559-9570. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071413n
  • Vardin, H., Fenercioglu, H. (2003). Study on the development of pomegranate juice processing technology: Clarification of pomegranate juice. Nahrung/Food, 47, 300-303. https://doi.org/10.1002/food.200390070
  • Viuda-Martos, M., Fernandez-Lopez, J., Perez-Alvarez, J.A. (2010). Pomegranate and its many functional components as related to human health: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 9, 635-654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00131.x
  • Yılmaz, Y., Celik, I., Isık, F. (2007). Mineral composition and total phenolic content of pomegranate molasses. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 5(3-4), 102-104.

Year 2020, Volume 6, Issue 3, 177 - 185, 11.06.2020

Sema ÖZMERT ERGİN

https://doi.org/10.3153/FH20019

Abstract

References

  • Akpınar Bayızıt, A., Ozcan, T., Yılmaz Ersan, L., Yıldız, E. (2016). Evaluation of antioxidant activity of pomegranate molasses by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method. International Journal of Chemical Engineering and Applications, 7(1), 71-74. https://doi.org/10.7763/IJCEA.2016.V7.545
  • Alighourchi, H., Barzegar, M., Abbasi, S. (2008). Anthocyanins characterization of 15 Iranian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) varieties and their variation after cold storage and pasteurization. European Food Research and Technology, 227, 881-887. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00217-007-0799-1
  • Anonymous (1986). Meyve ve Sebze Mamulleri Çözünür Katı Madde Miktarı Tayini. Refraktometrik Yöntem, TS 4890, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Anonymous (2001). Nar ekşisi standartı, TS 12720, Türk Standartları Enstitüsü, Ankara.
  • Anonymous (2005). Merck Gıda Mikrobiyolojisi Uygulamaları. Ed: A.K. Halkman. Ankara: Başak Matbaacılık, 358 s., ISBN: 975-00373-0-8
  • Anonymous (2009). TEMPO TVC (total viable count) REF 80 007, Bio-merieux, Marcy-l'Etoile, France.
  • Boggia, R., Casolino, M. C., Hysenaj, V., Oliveri, P., Zunin, P. (2013). A screening method based on UV-visible spectroscopy and multivariate analysis to assess addition of filler juices and water to pomegranate juices. Food Chemistry, 140, 735-741. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.11.020
  • Cemeroğlu, B., Artık, N. (1990). Isıl işlem ve depolama koşullarının nar antosiyaninleri üzerine etkisi. Gıda, 15, 13-19.
  • El Darra, N., Rajha, H.N., Saleh, F., Al-Oweini, R., Maroun, R. G., Louka, N. (2017). Food fraud detection in commercial pomegranate molasses syrups by UV-VIS spectroscopy, ATR-FTIR spectroscopy and HPLC methods. Food Control, 78, 132-137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2017.02.043
  • Ertaş, N., Çoklar, H. (2008). Farklı pekmez çeşitlerinin doğal şeker kaynağı olarak kek hamuru ve kek özelliklerine etkisi. Selçuk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 22(46), 51-54.
  • Fadavi, A., Barzegar, M., Azizi, H. M., Bayat, M. (2005). Physicochemical composition of ten pomegranate cultivars (Punica granatum L.) grown in Iran. Food Science and Technology International, 11, 113-119. https://doi.org/10.1177/1082013205052765
  • Faour-Klingbeil, D., Todd, E.C.D. (2018). The inhibitory effect of traditional pomegranate molasses on S. typhimurium growth on parsley leaves and in mixed salad vegetables. Journal of Food Safety, 38, e12469. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfs.12469
  • Gullon, B., Pinatado, M.E., Perez-Alvarez, J.A., Viuda-Martos, M. (2016). Assesment of polyphenolic profile and antibacterial activity of pomegranate peel (Punica granatum) flour obtained from co-product of juice extraction. Food Control, 59, 94-98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.05.025
  • Incedayı, B., Tamer, C.E., Copur, O.U. (2010). A research on the composition of pomegranate molasses. Uludağ Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 24(2), 37-47.
  • Kang, J.H., Song, K.B. (2017). Effect of pomegranate pomace extract as a washing agent on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes inoculated on fresh produce. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52, 2295-2302. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijfs.13511
  • Karabıyıklı, Ş., Kışla, D. (2012). Inhibitory effect of sour pomegranate sauces on some green vegetables and kısır. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 155, 211-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2012.02.006
  • Karaca, E. (2011). Nar suyu konsantresi üretiminde uygulanan bazı işlemlerin fenolik bileşenler üzerine etkisi. (Master thesis), University of Çukurova, Adana.
  • Karadeniz, F., Burdurlu, H.S., Koca, N., Soyer, Y. (2005). Antioxidant activity of selected fruits and vegetables grown in Turkey. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29, 297-303.
  • Kaur, C., Pal, R.K., Kar, A., Gadı, C., Sen, S., Kumar, P., Chandra, R., Jaiswal, S., Khan, I. (2014). Characterization of antioxidants and hypoglycemic potential of pomegranate grown in India: a preliminary investigation. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 38, 397-406. https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12066
  • Kaya, A., Sözer, N. (2005). Rheological behaviour of sour pomegranate juice concentrates (Punica granatum L.). International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 40, 223-227. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2004.00897.x
  • Kışla, D., Karabıyıklı, Ş. (2013). Antimicrobial effect of sour pomegranate sauce on Escherichia coli O157:H7 and S. aureus. Journal of Food Science, 78(5), 715-718. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12099
  • Lansky, E.P., Newman, R.A. (2007). Punica granatum (pomegranate) and its potential for prevention and treatment of inflammation and cancer. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 109, 177-206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2006.09.006
  • Legua, P., Forner-Giner, M.A., Nuncio-Jauregui, N., Hernandez, F. (2016). Polyphenolic compounds, anthocyanins and antioxidant activity of nineteen pomegranate fruits: A rich source of bioactive compounds. Journal of Functional Foods, 23, 628-636. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2016.01.043
  • Maskan, M. (2006). Production of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice concentrate by various heating methods: colour degradation and kinetics. Journal of Food Engineering, 72, 218-224. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2004.11.012
  • Melgarejo, P., Artes, F. (2000). Organic acids and sugar composition of pomegranate juice. European Food Research and Technology, 4, 30-31.
  • Orak, H.H. (2009). Evaluation of antioxidant activity, colour and some nutritional characteristics of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) juice and its sour concentrate processed by conventional evaporation. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, 60(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/09637480701523306
  • Oztan, T. (2006). Mor havuç, konsantresi, şalgam suyu, nar suyu ve nar ekşisi ürünlerinde antioksidan aktivitesi tayini ve fenolik madde profilinin belirlenmesi. Master thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul.
  • Poyrazoğlu, E., Gökmen, V., Artık, N. (2002). Organic acids and phenolic compounds in pomegranates (Punica granatum L) grown in Turkey. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 15(5), 567-575. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-1575(02)91071-9
  • Prashanth, D., Asha, M.K., Amit, A. (2001). Antibacterial activity of Punica granatum. Fitoterapia, 72, 171-173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0367-326X(00)00270-7
  • Sahu, R.K., Kar, M., Routray, R. (2013). DPPH free radical scavenging activity of some leafy vegetables used by tribals of Odisha, India. Journal of Medicinal Plants Studies, 1(4), 21-27.
  • Sarkhosh, A., Zamani, Z., Fatahi, R., Ebadi, A. (2006). RAPD markers reveal polymorphism among some Iranian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) genotypes. Scientia Horticulturae, 111, 24-29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2006.07.033
  • Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A. (1965). Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybdic-phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16, 144-158.
  • Tehranifar, A., Zarei, M., Nemati, Z., Esfandiyari, B., Vazifeshenas, M.R. (2010). Investigation of physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of twenty Iranian pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae, 126, 180-185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2010.07.001
  • Tzulker, R., Glazer, I., Bar-IIan, I., Holland, D., Aviram, M., Amir, R. (2007). Antioxidant activity, polyphenol content and related compounds in different fruit juices and homogenates prepared from 29 different pomegranate accessions. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 55, 9559-9570. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf071413n
  • Vardin, H., Fenercioglu, H. (2003). Study on the development of pomegranate juice processing technology: Clarification of pomegranate juice. Nahrung/Food, 47, 300-303. https://doi.org/10.1002/food.200390070
  • Viuda-Martos, M., Fernandez-Lopez, J., Perez-Alvarez, J.A. (2010). Pomegranate and its many functional components as related to human health: A review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 9, 635-654. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1541-4337.2010.00131.x
  • Yılmaz, Y., Celik, I., Isık, F. (2007). Mineral composition and total phenolic content of pomegranate molasses. Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment, 5(3-4), 102-104.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Food Science and Technology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sema ÖZMERT ERGİN (Primary Author)
Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
0000-0001-7742-8185
Türkiye

Publication Date June 11, 2020
Application Date October 17, 2019
Acceptance Date April 21, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020, Volume 6, Issue 3

Cite

Bibtex @research article { jfhs634298, journal = {Food and Health}, issn = {}, eissn = {2602-2834}, address = {Vidin Caddesi No:28 D:4 Kocamustafapaşa 34107 Fatih İstanbul}, publisher = {Özkan ÖZDEN}, year = {2020}, volume = {6}, pages = {177 - 185}, doi = {10.3153/FH20019}, title = {Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples}, key = {cite}, author = {Özmert Ergin, Sema} }
APA Özmert Ergin, S. (2020). Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples . Food and Health , 6 (3) , 177-185 . DOI: 10.3153/FH20019
MLA Özmert Ergin, S. "Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples" . Food and Health 6 (2020 ): 177-185 <http://jfhs.scientificwebjournals.com/en/pub/issue/53118/634298>
Chicago Özmert Ergin, S. "Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples". Food and Health 6 (2020 ): 177-185
RIS TY - JOUR T1 - Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples AU - Sema Özmert Ergin Y1 - 2020 PY - 2020 N1 - doi: 10.3153/FH20019 DO - 10.3153/FH20019 T2 - Food and Health JF - Journal JO - JOR SP - 177 EP - 185 VL - 6 IS - 3 SN - -2602-2834 M3 - doi: 10.3153/FH20019 UR - https://doi.org/10.3153/FH20019 Y2 - 2020 ER -
EndNote %0 Food and Health Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples %A Sema Özmert Ergin %T Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples %D 2020 %J Food and Health %P -2602-2834 %V 6 %N 3 %R doi: 10.3153/FH20019 %U 10.3153/FH20019
ISNAD Özmert Ergin, Sema . "Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples". Food and Health 6 / 3 (June 2020): 177-185 . https://doi.org/10.3153/FH20019
AMA Özmert Ergin S. Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples. Food Health. 2020; 6(3): 177-185.
Vancouver Özmert Ergin S. Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples. Food and Health. 2020; 6(3): 177-185.
IEEE S. Özmert Ergin , "Investigation of the physicochemical, nutritional properties and antioxidant activities of commercial and traditional pomegranate molasses samples", Food and Health, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 177-185, Jun. 2020, doi:10.3153/FH20019

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