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Review Article
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Makroalglerin mineral içeriği ve insan sağlığı için kullanım olanakları

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 150 - 160, 01.04.2022

Sevim Polat , Abdurrahman Polat

https://doi.org/10.3153/FH22015

Abstract

Makroalgler çok eski zamanlardan beri insanlar tarafından gıda, gıda takviyesi, hayvan yemi, gübre ve ilaç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Birçok kara bitkisinde olduğu gibi makroalgler de insan sağlığı için çok önemli inorganik ve organik maddeler içerir. Makroalgler protein, lipit, karbonhidrat ve mineral madde içeriklerinden dolayı geleneksel olarak kullanılan bir gıda maddesi olmasının yanında “biyoaktif maddeler”, “makroalg mineral katkıları”, “ilaç ve kozmetik hammaddesi” gibi fonksiyonel kullanımlar açısından da büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. Deniz suyundaki mineralleri absorbe eden makroalgler, başta demir ve iyot olmak üzere zengin bir mikro element ve kalsiyum, potasyum, magnezyum olmak üzere iyi bir makro element kaynağıdır. Bazı makroalglerin mineral düzeyleri kara bitkilerinden daha yüksek olabilmektedir. Bilimsel veriler, makroalg kaynaklı bazı minerallerin insanlarda biyoyararlılığının, kayaçlardan elde edilen minerallere göre daha yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Minerallerin insan sağlığı açısından öneminin anlaşılmasıyla, yüksek esansiyel element içeriğine sahip olan makroalglerin mineral kaynağı olarak kullanımına ilgi son yıllarda artmıştır. Makroalglerin mineral kompozisyonları lokasyon, mevsim, suda kalış süresi, türün fizyolojisi gibi faktörlerin yanında, deniz suyundaki element miktarı, ışık şiddeti ve tuzluluk gibi çevresel koşullara bağlı olarak da değişebilmektedir. Bu nedenle, insanların günlük mineral ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada kullanılacak alg ürünlerinin hangi oran ve miktarlarda tüketilebileceği ve potansiyel sağlık riskleri konularında yeni araştırma ve yaklaşımlara ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, makroalglerin mineral içerikleri, minerallerin insan sağlığı açısından önemi ve alglerin mineral kaynağı olarak kullanım potansiyelleri incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Makroalgler Mineral Mikro elementler Sağlık Fonksiyonel gıda

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Mineral content of macroalgae and possible uses for human health

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 150 - 160, 01.04.2022

Sevim Polat , Abdurrahman Polat

https://doi.org/10.3153/FH22015

Abstract

Seaweeds have been used since ancient times as food, food additives, fertilizer, and a source of medicine. Like terrestrial plants, seaweeds contain many inorganic and organic substances which can beneficial to human health. Seaweeds have great potential as “bioactive compounds for functional use, “algae mineral supplements”, “pharmaceuticals and cosmetics” and in addition to their potential of good sources of minerals, trace elements, proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates as traditional food. Due to the mineral absorption ability of macroalgae from the seawater, many species are a perfect source of some trace elements such as iron and iodine and a good source of some macro minerals such as calcium, phosphate, and magnesium. In some cases, the mineral content of the seaweeds may be higher than that of land plants. Scientific data show that the bioavailability of algae minerals is higher than rock-based minerals for humans. In recent years, the potential use of seaweed minerals as “algae mineral supplements” gained attention due to their rich elemental composition and the importance of minerals for human health. Mineral composition of seaweeds may vary according to locality, season, residence time, species physiology, and environmental conditions such as level of elements in seawater, light intensity, and salinity. Thus, new approaches and researches are needed on how much seaweeds can be consumed daily and their potential health risks. In this study, the mineral contents of seaweeds, the importance of minerals for human health, and potential uses of algae minerals were investigated.

Keywords

Macroalgae Minerals Trace elements Health Functional food

References

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  • Anantharaman, P., Karthikaidevi, G., Manivannan, K., Thirumaran, G., Balasubramanian, T. (2010). Minerals composition of marine macroalgae from mandapam coastal regions, Southeast coast of India. Recent Research in Science and Technology, 2(10), 66-71.
  • Assoumani, M.B. (1997). Aquamin, a naturel calcium supplement derived from seaweed. Agro-Food-Industry Hi-Tech, Editor: Carla Scesa, Italy.
  • Akdeniz, V., Kınık, Ö., Yerlikaya, O., Akan, E. (2016). İnsan sağlığı ve beslenme fizyolojisi açısından çinkonun önemi. Akademik Gıda, 14(3), 307-314. Aschner, J.L., Aschner, M. (2005). Nutritional aspects of manganese homeostasis. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 26, 353-362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2005.07.003
  • Bae, Y.J. , Bu, S.Y., Kim, J.Y., Yeon, J., Sohn, E., Jang, K., Lee, L., Kim M. (2011). Magnesium supplementation through seaweed calcium extract rather than synthetic magnesium oxide ımproves femur bone mineral density and strength in ovari-ectomized rats. Biol Trace Element Research, 144, 992-1002. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-011-9073-2
  • Banu, A.T., Mageswari, S.U. (2015). Nutritional status and effect of seaweed chocolate on anemic adolescent girls. Food Science and Human Wellness, 4 (1), 28-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fshw.2015.03.001
  • Barot, M., Kumar, J.I.N., Kumar, R.N. (2019). An evaluation of the nutritional composition of seaweeds as potential source of food and feed. National Academy Science Letters-India, 6,459-464. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-019-0783-x
  • Biancarosa, I., Belghit, I., Bruckner, C.G., Liland, N.S., Waagbo, R., Amlund, H., Heeschd,S., Lock. E.J. (2018). Chemical characterization of 21 species of marine macroalgae common in Norwegian waters: benefits of and limitations to their potential use in food and feed. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 98(5), 2035-2042. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.8798
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  • Cabrita, A.R.J., Mai, M.R.G., Oliveira, H.M., Sousa-Pinto, I., Almeida, A.A., Edgar Pinto, E., Fonseca, A.J.M. (2016). Tracing seaweeds as mineral sources for farm-animals. Journal of Applied Phycologia, 28, 3135-3150. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-016-0839-y
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Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Food Engineering
Journal Section Review Articles
Authors

Sevim Polat 0000-0002-4756-1177

Abdurrahman Polat 0000-0002-7381-2507

Publication Date April 1, 2022
Submission Date March 11, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

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APA Polat, S., & Polat, A. (2022). Makroalglerin mineral içeriği ve insan sağlığı için kullanım olanakları. Food and Health, 8(2), 150-160. https://doi.org/10.3153/FH22015
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