Derleme
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 90 - 100, 30.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040

Öz

Ceviz ağacı (Juglans regia L.), Juglandaceae familyasının iyi bilinen bir üyesi olup dünya çapında yaygın olarak yetiştirilmektedir. Antik çağlardan beri ceviz ağacının bazı kısımları geleneksel tıpta (venöz yetmezlik, hemoroit, hipoglisemi, ishal, astım, egzama, mide ağrısı, kanser ve mikrobiyal enfeksiyonlar gibi) çeşitli hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılmaktadır. Ceviz yaprağı ve yeşil kabuğu; kimyasal bileşimi (protein, yağ, karbonhidrat, E vitamini ile Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Zn ve Mn gibi mineraller) ve biyoaktif içerikleri (fenolikler, flavonoitler, organik asitler, triterpenik asitler, terpenler, terpenoitler, tetralon türevleri, megastigman türevleri ve juglon) bakımından dikkat çeken, ucuz ve bol bulunan, atık durumundaki önemli tarımsal yan ürünlerdir. Katma değeri yüksek ürünlerin ve fonksiyonel gıdaların geliştirilmesinde kullanılabilecek özellikleri olan ceviz yaprağı ve yeşil kabuğu; antioksidan, antimikrobiyal, antifungal, anti-inflamatuar, antidiyabetik, antihelmintik, antidiyareik, antihistaminik, antiülser, antiastmatik, immünomodülatör, antifertilite, antikanser, sağlıklı yaşlanmayı sağlayıcı ve hepatoprotektif gibi özellikleriyle insan sağlığına yararlıdırlar. Bu derlemede, ceviz yaprağı ve yeşil kabuğunun fitokimyasal profilleri ve kimyasal özelliklerine dikkat çekilerek, sağlığa yararları ve gıdalarda fonksiyonel katkı ve/veya nutrasötik olarak kullanım potansiyelleri hakkında genel bilgiler verilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Granato, D., Branco, G.F., Nazzaro, F., Cruz, A.G., Faria, J.A.F. (2010). Functional foods and nondairy probiotic food development: Trends, concepts and products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 9(3), 292-302.
  • [2] Carocho, M., Barros, L., Barreira, J.C., Calhelha, R.C., Soković, M., Fernández-Ruiz, V., Buelga, C.S., Morales, P., Ferreira, I.C. (2016). Basil as functional and preserving ingredient in “Serra da Estrela” cheese. Food Chemistry, 207, 51-59.
  • [3] Mollica, A., Zengin, G., Locatelli, M., Stefanucci, A., Macedonio, G., Bellagamba, G., Onaolapo, O., Onaolapo, A., Azeez, F., Ayileka, A., Novellino, E. (2017). An assessment of the nutraceutical potential of Juglans regia L. leaf powder in diabetic rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 107, 554-564.
  • [4] Birch, C.S., Bonwick, G.A. (2018). Ensuring the future of functional foods. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54(5), 1467-1485.
  • [5] Gul, K., Singh, A.K., Jabeen, R. (2016). Nutraceuticals and functional foods: The foods for the future world. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 56(16), 2617-2627.
  • [6] Gahukar, R.T. (2018). Management of pests and diseases of important tropical/subtropical medicinal and aromatic plants: A review. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 9, 1-18.
  • [7] Ekren, S., Yerlikaya, O., Tokul, H.E., Akpınar, A., Açu, M. (2013). Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 7(5), 383-388.
  • [8] Kiani, S., Minaei, S., Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti, M. (2016). Application of electronic nose systems for assessing quality of medicinal and aromatic plant products: A review. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 3(1), 1-9.
  • [9] Carvalho Costa, D., Costa, H.S., Gonçalves Albuquerque, T., Ramos, F., Castilho, M.C., Sanches-Silva, A. (2013). Advances in phenolic compounds analysis of aromatic plants and their potential applications. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 45(2), 336-354.
  • [10] Prasathkumar, M., Anisha, S., Dhrisya, C., Becky, R. (2021). Therapeutic and pharmacological efficacy of selective Indian medicinal plants-A review. Phytomedicine Plus, 1(2), 100029.
  • [11] Panth, N., Paudel, K.R., Karki, R. (2016). Phytochemical profile and biological activity of Juglans regia. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 14(5), 359-373.
  • [12] Salimi, M., Majd, A., Sepahdar, Z., Azadmanesh, K., Irian, S., Ardestaniyan, M.H., Hedayati, M.H., Rastkari, N. (2012). Cytotoxicity effects of various Juglans regia (walnut) leaf extracts in human cancer cell lines, Pharmaceutical Biology, 50(11), 1416-1422.
  • [13] Romani, A., Ieri, F., Urciuoli, S., Noce, A., Marrone, G., Nediani, C., Bernini., R. (2019). Health effects of phenolic compounds found in extra-virgin olive oil, by-products, and leaf of Olea europaea L. Nutrients, 11(8), 1776, 1-33.
  • [14] Salık, M.A., Çakmakçı, S. (2021). Zeytin (Olea europaea L.) yaprağının fonksiyonel özellikleri ve gıdalarda kullanım potansiyeli. Gıda, 46(6), 1481-1493.
  • [15] Bou Abdallah, I., Baatour, O., Mechrgui, K., Herchi, W., Albouchi, A., Chalghoum, A., Boukhchina, S. (2016). Essential oil composition of walnut tree (Juglans regia L.) leaves from Tunisia. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 28(6), 545-550.
  • [16] Jahanban-Esfahlan, A., Ostadrahimi, A., Tabibiazar, M., Amarowicz, R. (2019). A comparative review on the extraction, antioxidant content and antioxidant potential of different parts of walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit and tree. Molecules, 24, 2133, 1-40.
  • [17] Vieira, V., Pereira, C., Pires, T.C., Calhelha, R.C., Alves, M.J., Ferreira, O., Barros, L., Ferreira, I.C. (2019). Phenolic profile, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Juglans regia L. (walnut) leaves from the Northeast of Portugal. Industrial Crops and Products, 134, 347-355.
  • [18] Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., Pereira, J.A. (2008). Total phenols, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(7), 2326-2331.
  • [19] Fernandez-Agullo, A., Pereira, E., Freire, M.S., Valentão, P., Andrade, P.B., González-Álvarez, J., Pereira, J.A. (2013). Influence of solvent on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 42, 126-132.
  • [20] Dehghani, S., Nouri, M., Baghi, M. (2019). The effect of adding walnut green husk extract on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of ketchup. Journal of Food and Bioprocess Engineering, 2(2), 93-100.
  • [21] Chatrabnous, N., Yazdani, N., Tavallali, V., Vahdati, K. (2018). Preserving quality of fresh walnuts using plant extracts. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 91, 1-7.
  • [22] Cosmulescu, S., Trandafir, I., Nour, V. (2014). Seasonal variation of the main individual phenolics and juglone in walnut (Juglans regia) leaves. Pharmaceutical Biology, 52(5), 575-580.
  • [23] PubChem (2021). Ulusal Tıp Kütüphanesi, Ulusal Biyoteknoloji Bilgi Merkezi. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ (Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2021)
  • [24] Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü (FAO), (2019). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www. fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2021).
  • [25] Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), (2019). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri, https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Bitkisel-Uretim-Istatistikleri-2019-30685 (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2021).
  • [26] Espeso, J., Isaza, A., Lee, J.Y., Sörensen, P.M., Jurado, P., Avena-Bustillos, R.J., Olaizola, M., Arboleya, J.C. (2021). Olive leaf waste management. Front Sustain Food Systems, 5, 1-13.
  • [27] Kazemi, M., Mokhtarpour, A. (2021). In vitro and in vivo evaluation of some tree leaves as forage sources in the diet of Baluchi male lambs. Small Ruminant Research, 201, 106416, 1-8.
  • [28] Erdoğan, Ü., Argin S., Turan, M., Çakmakçı, R., Olgun. M. (2021). Biochemical and bioactive content in fruits of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30(6A), 6713-6727.
  • [29] Santos, A., Barros, L., Calhelha, R.C., Duenas, M., Carvalho, A.M., Santos-buelga, C., Ferreira, I.C.F.R. (2013). Leaves and decoction of Juglans regia L.: Different performances regarding bioactive compounds and in vitro antioxidant and antitumor effects. Industrial Crops and Products, 51, 430-436.
  • [30] Soto-Madrid, D., Gutiérrez-Cutiño, M., Pozo-Martínez, J., Zúñiga-López, M.C., Olea-Azar, C., Matiacevich, S. (2021). Dependence of the ripeness stage on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk extracts from industrial by-products. Molecules, 26(10), 2878.
  • [31] Almeida, I.F., Fernandes, E., Lima, J.L.F.C., Costa, P.C., Bahia, M.F. (2008). Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extracts are strong scavengers of pro-oxidant reactive species. Food Chemistry, 106(1), 1014-1020.
  • [32] Cosmulescu, B.S., Trandafir, I. (2012). Anti-oxidant activities and total phenolics contents of leaf extracts from 14 cultivars of walnut (Juglans regia L.). The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 87(5), 504-508.
  • [33] Nour, V., Trandafir, I., Cosmulescu, S. (2013). HPLC determination of phenolic acids, flavonoids and juglone in walnut leaves. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 51(9), 883-890.
  • [34] Uysal, S., Zengin, G., Aktumsek, A., Karatas, S. (2016). Chemical and biological approaches on nine fruit tree leaves collected from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Functional Foods, 22, 518-532.
  • [35] Rather, M.A., Dar, B.A., Yousuf-Dar, M., Wani, B.A., Shah, W.A., Bhat, B.A., Ganai, B.A., Bhat, K.A., Anand, R., Qurishi, M.A. (2012). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the leaf essential oil of Juglans regia L. and its constituents. Phytomedicine, 19(13), 1185-1190.
  • [36] Verma, R.S., Padalia, R.C., Chauhan, A., Thul, S.T. (2013). Phytochemical analysis of the leaf volatile oil of walnut tree (Juglans regia L.) from western Himalaya. Industrial Crops and Products, 42, 195-201.
  • [37] Stampar, F., Solar, A., Hudina, M., Veberic, R., Colaric, M. (2006). Traditional walnut liqueur-cocktail of phenolics. Food Chemistry, 95, 627-631.
  • [38] Vieira, V., Pereira, C., Abreu, R.M.V., Calhelha, R.C., Alves, M.J., Coutinho, J.A.P., Ferreira, O., Barros, L., Ferreira, I.C.F.R. (2020). Hydroethanolic extract of Juglans regia L. green husks: A source of bioactive phytochemicals. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 137, 111189, 1-8.
  • [39] Wianowska, D., Garbaczewska, S., Cieniecka-Roslonkiewicz, A., Dawidowicz, A.L., Jankowska, J. (2016). Comparison of antifungal activity of extracts from different Juglans regia cultivars and juglone. Microbial Pathogenesis, 100, 263-267.
  • [40] Cheraghali, F., Shojaee‑aliabadi, S., Hosseini, S.M., Mirmoghtadaie, L., Mortazavian, A.M., Ghanati, K., Abedi, A.S., Moslemi, M. (2018). Characterization of microcapsule containing walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk extract as preventive antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 9(101), 1-6.
  • [41] Wang, G., Han, Q., Yan, X., Feng, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, R. (2021). Polyphenols-rich extracts from walnut green husk prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, vascular endothelial dysfunction and colon tissue damage in rats induced by high-fat diet. Journal of Functional Foods, 87, 104853, 1-11.
  • [42] Amaral, J.S., Seabra, R.M., Andrade, P.B., Valentão, P., Pereira, J.A., Ferreres, F. (2004). Phenolic profile in the quality control of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves. Food Chemistry, 88(3), 373-379.
  • [43] Pereira, A.P., Ferreira, I.C., Marcelino, F., Valentão, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Bento, A., Pereira, J.A. (2007). Phenolic compounds and antimicrobial activity of olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) leaves. Molecules, 12(5), 1153-1162.
  • [44] Ravanbakhsh, A., Mahdavi, M., Jalilzade-Amin, G., Javadi, S., Maham, M., Mohammadnejad, D., Rashidi, M.R. (2016). Acute and subchronic toxicity study of the median septum of Juglans regia in wistar rats. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 6(4), 541-549.
  • [45] Salejda, A.M., Janiewicz, U., Korzeniowska, M., Kolniak-Ostek, J., Krasnowska, G. (2016). Effect of walnut green husk addition on some quality properties of cooked sausages. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 65, 751-757.
  • [46] Wang, X., Chen, D., Li, Y., Zhao, S., Chen, C., Ning, D. (2019). Alleviating effects of walnut green husk extract on disorders of lipid levels and gut bacteria flora in high fat diet-induced obesity rats. Journal of Functional Foods, 52, 576-586.
  • [47] Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhang, R., Pan, J., Qi, D., Wang, J., Yang, X. (2021). The protective effects of walnut green husk polysaccharide on liver injury, vascular endothelial dysfunction and disorder of gut microbiota in high fructose-induced mice. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 162, 92-106.
  • [48] Jahanban-Esfahlan, A., Ostadrahimi, A., Tabibiazar, M., Amarowicz, R. (2019). A comprehensive review on the chemical constituents and functional uses of walnut (Juglans spp.) husk. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20, 3920, 1-37.
  • [49] Chamorro, F., Carpena, M., Lourenço-Lopes, C., Taofiq, O., Otero, P., Cao, H., Xiao, J., Simal-Gandara, J., Prieto, M.A. (2022). By-products of walnut (Juglans regia) as a source of bioactive compounds for the formulation of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Biology and Life Sciences Forum, 12, 35.
  • [50] Carvalho, M., Ferreira, P.J, Mendes, V.S., Silva, R., Pereira, J.A, Jerónimo, C., Silva, B.M. (2010). Human cancer cell antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of Juglans regia L. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(1), 441-447.
  • [51] Hosseinzadeh, H., Zarei, H., Taghiabadi, E. (2011). Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and acute toxicity effects of Juglans regia L. leaves in mice. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 13(1), 27-33.
  • [52] Hosseini, S., Jamshidi, L., Mehrzadi, S., Mohammad, K., Najmizadeh, A.R., Alimoradi, H., Huseini, H.F. (2014). Effects of Juglans regia L. leaf extract on hyperglycemia and lipid profiles in type two diabetic patients: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 152(3), 451-456.
  • [53] Zhang, X.B., Zou, C.L., Duan, Y.X., Wu, F., Li, G. (2015). Activity guided isolation and modification of juglone from Juglans regia as potent cytotoxic agent against lung cancer cell lines. BMC Complement and Alternative Medicine, 15, 396, 1-8.
  • [54] Avcı, E., Arıkoğlu, H., Erkoç Kaya, D. (2016). Investigation of juglone effects on metastasis and angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer cells. Gene, 588, 74-78.
  • [55] Liu, R., Su, C., Xu, Y., Shang, K., Sun, K., Li, C., Lu, J. (2020). Identifying potential active components of walnut leaf that action diabetes mellitus through integration of UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and network pharmacology analysis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 253, 112659, 1-9.
  • [56] Yiğit, D., Yiğit, N., Aktaş, E., Özgen U. (2009). Ceviz (Juglans regia L.)'in antimikrobiyal aktivitesi. Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 39(1-2), 7-11.
  • [57] Kocaçalışkan, İ., Albayrak, A., İlhan, S., Terzi, İ. (2018). Varietal differences in antimicrobial activities of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaf extracts. Gaziosmanpasa Journal of Scientific Research, 7(3), 173-180.
  • [58] Izadiyan, Z., Shameli, K., Hara, H., Mohd Taib, S.H. (2018). Cytotoxicity assay of biosynthesis gold nanoparticles mediated by walnut (Juglans regia) green husk extract. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1151, 97-105.
  • [59] Akomolafe, S.F., Oboh, G., Oyeleye, S.I., Olasehinde, T.A. (2017). Toxicological effects of aqueous extract from African walnut (Tetracarpidium conophorum) leaves in rats. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, 22(4), 919-925.
  • [60] Ben-Othman, S., Jõudu, I., Bhat, R. 2020. Bioactives from agri-food wastes: Present insights and future challenges. Molecules, 25, 510, 1-34.
  • [61] Anonim (2022). https://www.vhp.com.tr/ceviz-yapragi-30-gr-a.00620 (Erişi Tarihi:27.03.2022)
  • [62] Anonim (2022). http://naturalis.rf.gd/urunler/naturalis-leafit-ceviz-yapragi.php?i=1 (Erişi Tarihi:27.03.2022)
  • [63] Petrovic, M., Pastor, F., Đurovic, S., Veljovic, S., Gorjanovic, S., Sredojevic, M., Vukosavljevic, P. (2021). Evaluation of novel green walnut liqueur as a source of antioxidants: Multi-method approach. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 58(6), 2160-2169.
  • [64] Shiravani, M., Ansari, S. (2020). Yogurt fortification with walnut leaf extract and investigation of its physicochemical and sensory properties. Journal of Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 12(4), 1-17.
  • [65] Noshirvani, N., Fasihi, H., Payam, A.M. (2015). Study on the antioxidant effects of extract and powder of green walnut hulls on the oxidation of sunflower oil. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, 10, 79-90.
  • [66] Tutulescu, F., Boruzı, A.I., Nour, V. (2019). Antibacterial activity of walnut leaves and sweet cherry stems in cooked pork patties. South Western Journal of Horticulture, Biology and Environment, 10(2), 65-75.
  • [67] Habibie, A., Yazdani, N., Saba, M.K., Vahdati, K. (2019). Ascorbic acid incorporated with walnut green husk extract for preserving the postharvest quality of cold storage fresh walnut kernels. Scientia Horticulturae, 245, 193-199.
  • [68] Untea, A.E, Varzaru, I., Panaite, T.D., Gavris, T., Lupu, A. and Ropota, M. (2020). The effects of dietary inclusion of bilberry and walnut leaves in laying hens' diets on the antioxidant properties of eggs. Animals, 10(2), 191, 1-13.
  • [69] Hemmat, H., Ashrafi Yorghanlu, A., Pirouzifard, M. (2022). Effect of alginate gum and walnut leaf extract on mechanical, physical and antimicrobial properties of wheat protein isolate. Quarterly Scientific Journal of Technical and Vocational University, 18(4), 175-188.
  • [70] Kadiroğlu, P., Ekici, H. (2018). Yeşil ceviz kabuklarının biyoaktif özelliklerinin FT-IR spektroskopi yöntemiyle tahmin edilmesi. Akademik Gıda, 16(1), 20-26.
  • [71] Anonim (2022). https://www.tuanadogalyasam.com/Ceviz-Sabunu,PR-1476.html (Erişim Tarihi:27.03.2022)
  • [72] Anonim (2022). https://www.hobi.com.tr/arama?s=ceviz%20yapra%C4%9F%C4%B1 (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2022)
  • [73] Anonim (2022). https://www.ciceksepeti.com/ceviz-yapragi-kolonyasi-250-ml-kc4825316 (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2022)
  • [74] IItuen, E., Yuanhua, E., Verma, C., Alfantazi, A., Akaranta, O., Ebenso, E.E. (2021). Synthesis and characterization of walnut husk extract-silver nanocomposites for removal of heavy metals from petroleum wastewater and its consequences on pipework steel corrosion. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 335, 116132, 1-15.
  • [75] Yu, M., Zhu, B., Yu, J., Wang, X., Zhang, C., Qin, Y. (2022). A biomass carbon prepared from agricultural discarded walnut green peel: investigations into its adsorption characteristics of heavy metal ions in wastewater treatment. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-02217-y.

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Leaves and Green Husks: Their Functional Properties, Health Benefits and Potential Use in Foods

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 90 - 100, 30.03.2023
https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040

Öz

The walnut tree (Juglans regia L.) is a well-known member of the Juglandaceae family and is widely cultivated worldwide. Since ancient times, parts of the walnut tree have been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of various diseases (such as venous insufficiency, hemorrhoids, hypoglycemia, diarrhea, asthma, eczema, stomachache, cancer, and microbial infections). Walnut leaves and green husks are important agricultural by-products, which attract attention in terms of their chemical composition (such as protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin E and minerals including Ca, K, Mg, Fe, Zn and Mn) and bioactive contents (such as phenolics, flavonoids, organic acids, triterpenic acids, terpenes, terpenoids, tetralon derivatives, megastigman derivatives and juglone), and they are cheap and abundant while being in the form of waste. Walnut leaves and green husks, which have qualities that can be used in the development of high value-added products and functional foods, may provide benefits to human health with their various properties such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, antidiarrheic, antihistaminic, antiulcer, antiasthmatic, immunomodulator, antifertility, anticancer, anti-aging and hepatoprotective. In this review, general information is presented about their health benefits and potential as functional additives and/or nutraceutical in foods, by drawing attention to the phytochemical profiles and chemical properties of walnut leaves and green husks, which are agricultural wastes.

Kaynakça

  • [1] Granato, D., Branco, G.F., Nazzaro, F., Cruz, A.G., Faria, J.A.F. (2010). Functional foods and nondairy probiotic food development: Trends, concepts and products. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 9(3), 292-302.
  • [2] Carocho, M., Barros, L., Barreira, J.C., Calhelha, R.C., Soković, M., Fernández-Ruiz, V., Buelga, C.S., Morales, P., Ferreira, I.C. (2016). Basil as functional and preserving ingredient in “Serra da Estrela” cheese. Food Chemistry, 207, 51-59.
  • [3] Mollica, A., Zengin, G., Locatelli, M., Stefanucci, A., Macedonio, G., Bellagamba, G., Onaolapo, O., Onaolapo, A., Azeez, F., Ayileka, A., Novellino, E. (2017). An assessment of the nutraceutical potential of Juglans regia L. leaf powder in diabetic rats. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 107, 554-564.
  • [4] Birch, C.S., Bonwick, G.A. (2018). Ensuring the future of functional foods. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 54(5), 1467-1485.
  • [5] Gul, K., Singh, A.K., Jabeen, R. (2016). Nutraceuticals and functional foods: The foods for the future world. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 56(16), 2617-2627.
  • [6] Gahukar, R.T. (2018). Management of pests and diseases of important tropical/subtropical medicinal and aromatic plants: A review. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 9, 1-18.
  • [7] Ekren, S., Yerlikaya, O., Tokul, H.E., Akpınar, A., Açu, M. (2013). Chemical composition, antimicrobial activity and antioxidant capacity of some medicinal and aromatic plant extracts. African Journal of Microbiology Research, 7(5), 383-388.
  • [8] Kiani, S., Minaei, S., Ghasemi-Varnamkhasti, M. (2016). Application of electronic nose systems for assessing quality of medicinal and aromatic plant products: A review. Journal of Applied Research on Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 3(1), 1-9.
  • [9] Carvalho Costa, D., Costa, H.S., Gonçalves Albuquerque, T., Ramos, F., Castilho, M.C., Sanches-Silva, A. (2013). Advances in phenolic compounds analysis of aromatic plants and their potential applications. Trends in Food Science and Technology, 45(2), 336-354.
  • [10] Prasathkumar, M., Anisha, S., Dhrisya, C., Becky, R. (2021). Therapeutic and pharmacological efficacy of selective Indian medicinal plants-A review. Phytomedicine Plus, 1(2), 100029.
  • [11] Panth, N., Paudel, K.R., Karki, R. (2016). Phytochemical profile and biological activity of Juglans regia. Journal of Integrative Medicine, 14(5), 359-373.
  • [12] Salimi, M., Majd, A., Sepahdar, Z., Azadmanesh, K., Irian, S., Ardestaniyan, M.H., Hedayati, M.H., Rastkari, N. (2012). Cytotoxicity effects of various Juglans regia (walnut) leaf extracts in human cancer cell lines, Pharmaceutical Biology, 50(11), 1416-1422.
  • [13] Romani, A., Ieri, F., Urciuoli, S., Noce, A., Marrone, G., Nediani, C., Bernini., R. (2019). Health effects of phenolic compounds found in extra-virgin olive oil, by-products, and leaf of Olea europaea L. Nutrients, 11(8), 1776, 1-33.
  • [14] Salık, M.A., Çakmakçı, S. (2021). Zeytin (Olea europaea L.) yaprağının fonksiyonel özellikleri ve gıdalarda kullanım potansiyeli. Gıda, 46(6), 1481-1493.
  • [15] Bou Abdallah, I., Baatour, O., Mechrgui, K., Herchi, W., Albouchi, A., Chalghoum, A., Boukhchina, S. (2016). Essential oil composition of walnut tree (Juglans regia L.) leaves from Tunisia. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 28(6), 545-550.
  • [16] Jahanban-Esfahlan, A., Ostadrahimi, A., Tabibiazar, M., Amarowicz, R. (2019). A comparative review on the extraction, antioxidant content and antioxidant potential of different parts of walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit and tree. Molecules, 24, 2133, 1-40.
  • [17] Vieira, V., Pereira, C., Pires, T.C., Calhelha, R.C., Alves, M.J., Ferreira, O., Barros, L., Ferreira, I.C. (2019). Phenolic profile, antioxidant and antibacterial properties of Juglans regia L. (walnut) leaves from the Northeast of Portugal. Industrial Crops and Products, 134, 347-355.
  • [18] Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Ferreira, I.C.F.R., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., Pereira, J.A. (2008). Total phenols, antioxidant potential and antimicrobial activity of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(7), 2326-2331.
  • [19] Fernandez-Agullo, A., Pereira, E., Freire, M.S., Valentão, P., Andrade, P.B., González-Álvarez, J., Pereira, J.A. (2013). Influence of solvent on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk extracts. Industrial Crops and Products, 42, 126-132.
  • [20] Dehghani, S., Nouri, M., Baghi, M. (2019). The effect of adding walnut green husk extract on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of ketchup. Journal of Food and Bioprocess Engineering, 2(2), 93-100.
  • [21] Chatrabnous, N., Yazdani, N., Tavallali, V., Vahdati, K. (2018). Preserving quality of fresh walnuts using plant extracts. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 91, 1-7.
  • [22] Cosmulescu, S., Trandafir, I., Nour, V. (2014). Seasonal variation of the main individual phenolics and juglone in walnut (Juglans regia) leaves. Pharmaceutical Biology, 52(5), 575-580.
  • [23] PubChem (2021). Ulusal Tıp Kütüphanesi, Ulusal Biyoteknoloji Bilgi Merkezi. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ (Erişim Tarihi:14.11.2021)
  • [24] Gıda ve Tarım Örgütü (FAO), (2019). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. http://www. fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QCL (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2021).
  • [25] Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK), (2019). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri, https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Bitkisel-Uretim-Istatistikleri-2019-30685 (Erişim Tarihi: 12.10.2021).
  • [26] Espeso, J., Isaza, A., Lee, J.Y., Sörensen, P.M., Jurado, P., Avena-Bustillos, R.J., Olaizola, M., Arboleya, J.C. (2021). Olive leaf waste management. Front Sustain Food Systems, 5, 1-13.
  • [27] Kazemi, M., Mokhtarpour, A. (2021). In vitro and in vivo evaluation of some tree leaves as forage sources in the diet of Baluchi male lambs. Small Ruminant Research, 201, 106416, 1-8.
  • [28] Erdoğan, Ü., Argin S., Turan, M., Çakmakçı, R., Olgun. M. (2021). Biochemical and bioactive content in fruits of walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes from Turkey. Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 30(6A), 6713-6727.
  • [29] Santos, A., Barros, L., Calhelha, R.C., Duenas, M., Carvalho, A.M., Santos-buelga, C., Ferreira, I.C.F.R. (2013). Leaves and decoction of Juglans regia L.: Different performances regarding bioactive compounds and in vitro antioxidant and antitumor effects. Industrial Crops and Products, 51, 430-436.
  • [30] Soto-Madrid, D., Gutiérrez-Cutiño, M., Pozo-Martínez, J., Zúñiga-López, M.C., Olea-Azar, C., Matiacevich, S. (2021). Dependence of the ripeness stage on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk extracts from industrial by-products. Molecules, 26(10), 2878.
  • [31] Almeida, I.F., Fernandes, E., Lima, J.L.F.C., Costa, P.C., Bahia, M.F. (2008). Walnut (Juglans regia) leaf extracts are strong scavengers of pro-oxidant reactive species. Food Chemistry, 106(1), 1014-1020.
  • [32] Cosmulescu, B.S., Trandafir, I. (2012). Anti-oxidant activities and total phenolics contents of leaf extracts from 14 cultivars of walnut (Juglans regia L.). The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, 87(5), 504-508.
  • [33] Nour, V., Trandafir, I., Cosmulescu, S. (2013). HPLC determination of phenolic acids, flavonoids and juglone in walnut leaves. Journal of Chromatographic Science, 51(9), 883-890.
  • [34] Uysal, S., Zengin, G., Aktumsek, A., Karatas, S. (2016). Chemical and biological approaches on nine fruit tree leaves collected from the Mediterranean region of Turkey. Journal of Functional Foods, 22, 518-532.
  • [35] Rather, M.A., Dar, B.A., Yousuf-Dar, M., Wani, B.A., Shah, W.A., Bhat, B.A., Ganai, B.A., Bhat, K.A., Anand, R., Qurishi, M.A. (2012). Chemical composition, antioxidant and antibacterial activities of the leaf essential oil of Juglans regia L. and its constituents. Phytomedicine, 19(13), 1185-1190.
  • [36] Verma, R.S., Padalia, R.C., Chauhan, A., Thul, S.T. (2013). Phytochemical analysis of the leaf volatile oil of walnut tree (Juglans regia L.) from western Himalaya. Industrial Crops and Products, 42, 195-201.
  • [37] Stampar, F., Solar, A., Hudina, M., Veberic, R., Colaric, M. (2006). Traditional walnut liqueur-cocktail of phenolics. Food Chemistry, 95, 627-631.
  • [38] Vieira, V., Pereira, C., Abreu, R.M.V., Calhelha, R.C., Alves, M.J., Coutinho, J.A.P., Ferreira, O., Barros, L., Ferreira, I.C.F.R. (2020). Hydroethanolic extract of Juglans regia L. green husks: A source of bioactive phytochemicals. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 137, 111189, 1-8.
  • [39] Wianowska, D., Garbaczewska, S., Cieniecka-Roslonkiewicz, A., Dawidowicz, A.L., Jankowska, J. (2016). Comparison of antifungal activity of extracts from different Juglans regia cultivars and juglone. Microbial Pathogenesis, 100, 263-267.
  • [40] Cheraghali, F., Shojaee‑aliabadi, S., Hosseini, S.M., Mirmoghtadaie, L., Mortazavian, A.M., Ghanati, K., Abedi, A.S., Moslemi, M. (2018). Characterization of microcapsule containing walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husk extract as preventive antioxidant and antimicrobial agent. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 9(101), 1-6.
  • [41] Wang, G., Han, Q., Yan, X., Feng, L., Zhang, Y., Zhang, R. (2021). Polyphenols-rich extracts from walnut green husk prevent non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, vascular endothelial dysfunction and colon tissue damage in rats induced by high-fat diet. Journal of Functional Foods, 87, 104853, 1-11.
  • [42] Amaral, J.S., Seabra, R.M., Andrade, P.B., Valentão, P., Pereira, J.A., Ferreres, F. (2004). Phenolic profile in the quality control of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaves. Food Chemistry, 88(3), 373-379.
  • [43] Pereira, A.P., Ferreira, I.C., Marcelino, F., Valentão, P., Andrade, P.B., Seabra, R., Estevinho, L., Bento, A., Pereira, J.A. (2007). Phenolic compounds and antimicrobial activity of olive (Olea europaea L. Cv. Cobrançosa) leaves. Molecules, 12(5), 1153-1162.
  • [44] Ravanbakhsh, A., Mahdavi, M., Jalilzade-Amin, G., Javadi, S., Maham, M., Mohammadnejad, D., Rashidi, M.R. (2016). Acute and subchronic toxicity study of the median septum of Juglans regia in wistar rats. Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 6(4), 541-549.
  • [45] Salejda, A.M., Janiewicz, U., Korzeniowska, M., Kolniak-Ostek, J., Krasnowska, G. (2016). Effect of walnut green husk addition on some quality properties of cooked sausages. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 65, 751-757.
  • [46] Wang, X., Chen, D., Li, Y., Zhao, S., Chen, C., Ning, D. (2019). Alleviating effects of walnut green husk extract on disorders of lipid levels and gut bacteria flora in high fat diet-induced obesity rats. Journal of Functional Foods, 52, 576-586.
  • [47] Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhang, R., Pan, J., Qi, D., Wang, J., Yang, X. (2021). The protective effects of walnut green husk polysaccharide on liver injury, vascular endothelial dysfunction and disorder of gut microbiota in high fructose-induced mice. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 162, 92-106.
  • [48] Jahanban-Esfahlan, A., Ostadrahimi, A., Tabibiazar, M., Amarowicz, R. (2019). A comprehensive review on the chemical constituents and functional uses of walnut (Juglans spp.) husk. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 20, 3920, 1-37.
  • [49] Chamorro, F., Carpena, M., Lourenço-Lopes, C., Taofiq, O., Otero, P., Cao, H., Xiao, J., Simal-Gandara, J., Prieto, M.A. (2022). By-products of walnut (Juglans regia) as a source of bioactive compounds for the formulation of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Biology and Life Sciences Forum, 12, 35.
  • [50] Carvalho, M., Ferreira, P.J, Mendes, V.S., Silva, R., Pereira, J.A, Jerónimo, C., Silva, B.M. (2010). Human cancer cell antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of Juglans regia L. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 48(1), 441-447.
  • [51] Hosseinzadeh, H., Zarei, H., Taghiabadi, E. (2011). Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and acute toxicity effects of Juglans regia L. leaves in mice. Iranian Red Crescent Medical Journal, 13(1), 27-33.
  • [52] Hosseini, S., Jamshidi, L., Mehrzadi, S., Mohammad, K., Najmizadeh, A.R., Alimoradi, H., Huseini, H.F. (2014). Effects of Juglans regia L. leaf extract on hyperglycemia and lipid profiles in type two diabetic patients: A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 152(3), 451-456.
  • [53] Zhang, X.B., Zou, C.L., Duan, Y.X., Wu, F., Li, G. (2015). Activity guided isolation and modification of juglone from Juglans regia as potent cytotoxic agent against lung cancer cell lines. BMC Complement and Alternative Medicine, 15, 396, 1-8.
  • [54] Avcı, E., Arıkoğlu, H., Erkoç Kaya, D. (2016). Investigation of juglone effects on metastasis and angiogenesis in pancreatic cancer cells. Gene, 588, 74-78.
  • [55] Liu, R., Su, C., Xu, Y., Shang, K., Sun, K., Li, C., Lu, J. (2020). Identifying potential active components of walnut leaf that action diabetes mellitus through integration of UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS and network pharmacology analysis. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 253, 112659, 1-9.
  • [56] Yiğit, D., Yiğit, N., Aktaş, E., Özgen U. (2009). Ceviz (Juglans regia L.)'in antimikrobiyal aktivitesi. Türk Mikrobiyoloji Cemiyeti Dergisi, 39(1-2), 7-11.
  • [57] Kocaçalışkan, İ., Albayrak, A., İlhan, S., Terzi, İ. (2018). Varietal differences in antimicrobial activities of walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaf extracts. Gaziosmanpasa Journal of Scientific Research, 7(3), 173-180.
  • [58] Izadiyan, Z., Shameli, K., Hara, H., Mohd Taib, S.H. (2018). Cytotoxicity assay of biosynthesis gold nanoparticles mediated by walnut (Juglans regia) green husk extract. Journal of Molecular Structure, 1151, 97-105.
  • [59] Akomolafe, S.F., Oboh, G., Oyeleye, S.I., Olasehinde, T.A. (2017). Toxicological effects of aqueous extract from African walnut (Tetracarpidium conophorum) leaves in rats. Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine, 22(4), 919-925.
  • [60] Ben-Othman, S., Jõudu, I., Bhat, R. 2020. Bioactives from agri-food wastes: Present insights and future challenges. Molecules, 25, 510, 1-34.
  • [61] Anonim (2022). https://www.vhp.com.tr/ceviz-yapragi-30-gr-a.00620 (Erişi Tarihi:27.03.2022)
  • [62] Anonim (2022). http://naturalis.rf.gd/urunler/naturalis-leafit-ceviz-yapragi.php?i=1 (Erişi Tarihi:27.03.2022)
  • [63] Petrovic, M., Pastor, F., Đurovic, S., Veljovic, S., Gorjanovic, S., Sredojevic, M., Vukosavljevic, P. (2021). Evaluation of novel green walnut liqueur as a source of antioxidants: Multi-method approach. Journal of Food Science and Technology, 58(6), 2160-2169.
  • [64] Shiravani, M., Ansari, S. (2020). Yogurt fortification with walnut leaf extract and investigation of its physicochemical and sensory properties. Journal of Innovation in Food Science and Technology, 12(4), 1-17.
  • [65] Noshirvani, N., Fasihi, H., Payam, A.M. (2015). Study on the antioxidant effects of extract and powder of green walnut hulls on the oxidation of sunflower oil. Iranian Journal of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, 10, 79-90.
  • [66] Tutulescu, F., Boruzı, A.I., Nour, V. (2019). Antibacterial activity of walnut leaves and sweet cherry stems in cooked pork patties. South Western Journal of Horticulture, Biology and Environment, 10(2), 65-75.
  • [67] Habibie, A., Yazdani, N., Saba, M.K., Vahdati, K. (2019). Ascorbic acid incorporated with walnut green husk extract for preserving the postharvest quality of cold storage fresh walnut kernels. Scientia Horticulturae, 245, 193-199.
  • [68] Untea, A.E, Varzaru, I., Panaite, T.D., Gavris, T., Lupu, A. and Ropota, M. (2020). The effects of dietary inclusion of bilberry and walnut leaves in laying hens' diets on the antioxidant properties of eggs. Animals, 10(2), 191, 1-13.
  • [69] Hemmat, H., Ashrafi Yorghanlu, A., Pirouzifard, M. (2022). Effect of alginate gum and walnut leaf extract on mechanical, physical and antimicrobial properties of wheat protein isolate. Quarterly Scientific Journal of Technical and Vocational University, 18(4), 175-188.
  • [70] Kadiroğlu, P., Ekici, H. (2018). Yeşil ceviz kabuklarının biyoaktif özelliklerinin FT-IR spektroskopi yöntemiyle tahmin edilmesi. Akademik Gıda, 16(1), 20-26.
  • [71] Anonim (2022). https://www.tuanadogalyasam.com/Ceviz-Sabunu,PR-1476.html (Erişim Tarihi:27.03.2022)
  • [72] Anonim (2022). https://www.hobi.com.tr/arama?s=ceviz%20yapra%C4%9F%C4%B1 (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2022)
  • [73] Anonim (2022). https://www.ciceksepeti.com/ceviz-yapragi-kolonyasi-250-ml-kc4825316 (Erişim Tarihi: 27.03.2022)
  • [74] IItuen, E., Yuanhua, E., Verma, C., Alfantazi, A., Akaranta, O., Ebenso, E.E. (2021). Synthesis and characterization of walnut husk extract-silver nanocomposites for removal of heavy metals from petroleum wastewater and its consequences on pipework steel corrosion. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 335, 116132, 1-15.
  • [75] Yu, M., Zhu, B., Yu, J., Wang, X., Zhang, C., Qin, Y. (2022). A biomass carbon prepared from agricultural discarded walnut green peel: investigations into its adsorption characteristics of heavy metal ions in wastewater treatment. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-02217-y.
Toplam 75 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Gıda Mühendisliği
Bölüm Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar

Mehmet Ali Salık 0000-0003-4727-9830

Songül Çakmakçı Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-0334-5621

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 21 Kasım 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Salık, M. A., & Çakmakçı, S. (2023). Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli. Akademik Gıda, 21(1), 90-100. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040
AMA Salık MA, Çakmakçı S. Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli. Akademik Gıda. Mart 2023;21(1):90-100. doi:10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040
Chicago Salık, Mehmet Ali, ve Songül Çakmakçı. “Ceviz (Juglans Regia L.) Yaprağı Ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları Ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli”. Akademik Gıda 21, sy. 1 (Mart 2023): 90-100. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040.
EndNote Salık MA, Çakmakçı S (01 Mart 2023) Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli. Akademik Gıda 21 1 90–100.
IEEE M. A. Salık ve S. Çakmakçı, “Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli”, Akademik Gıda, c. 21, sy. 1, ss. 90–100, 2023, doi: 10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040.
ISNAD Salık, Mehmet Ali - Çakmakçı, Songül. “Ceviz (Juglans Regia L.) Yaprağı Ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları Ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli”. Akademik Gıda 21/1 (Mart 2023), 90-100. https://doi.org/10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040.
JAMA Salık MA, Çakmakçı S. Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli. Akademik Gıda. 2023;21:90–100.
MLA Salık, Mehmet Ali ve Songül Çakmakçı. “Ceviz (Juglans Regia L.) Yaprağı Ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları Ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli”. Akademik Gıda, c. 21, sy. 1, 2023, ss. 90-100, doi:10.24323/akademik-gida.1274040.
Vancouver Salık MA, Çakmakçı S. Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Yaprağı ve Yeşil Kabuğu: Fonksiyonel Özellikleri, Sağlığa Yararları ve Gıdalarda Kullanım Potansiyeli. Akademik Gıda. 2023;21(1):90-100.

25964   25965    25966      25968   25967


88x31.png

Bu eser Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 (CC BY-NC 4.0) Uluslararası Lisansı ile lisanslanmıştır.

Akademik Gıda (Academic Food Journal) is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0).