Author Guidelines
SUBMISSION OF ARTICLES

By submitting an article to the Journal of Health Sciences and Clinical Research, all authors confirm that they approve and accept the journal's publication policy and ethics.

To submit an article to the Journal of Health Sciences and Clinical Research, please click the link here. You can follow the entire process related to your article through this address. Only articles submitted through this method will be considered for evaluation.

PREPARATION OF THE ARTICLE
Title Page
The title of the article in Turkish and English should be added in bold and center-aligned, with only the first letters capitalized. The academic titles, names, and surnames of all authors, their affiliated institutions and addresses, email addresses, phone numbers, and ORCID numbers should be indicated. The title page should also include ethical committee approval, ethical committee number and date, author contributions, conflict of interest, financial support, and acknowledgments. If the article has been previously presented as a paper, the location and date of the presentation should also be mentioned. Identifying information about the authors should not be included in the full text; this information should only be on the title page.

Cover Letter
The cover letter should briefly describe the aim and method of the article. It should state that the article has not been previously published and is not currently under review by another journal. It should confirm that all authors approve the content of this article and accept the journal policy of the "Journal of Health Sciences and Clinical Research." The responsible author and the correspondence address should be specified in the cover letter.

Manuscript
The manuscript should start with titles in both Turkish and English. The article should include references and appendices if any. The main text should not contain tables and figures; these should be uploaded as a separate Word document. The main text should not include any author information.

Abstract
The abstract should consist of sections on the aim, method, findings, conclusion, and recommendations. It should also include keywords. The abstract should not contain references, figure, or table numbers. Abbreviations should not be used in the abstract. The abstract should be prepared according to the instructions in "Table 1."

Keywords
There should be a minimum of 3 and a maximum of 5 keywords, written in both Turkish and English.
Keywords should be separated by semicolons (;).
Keywords should be provided according to the "Index Medicus: Medical Subject Heading (MeSH)" standards (https://meshb.nlm.nih.gov/search).

Article Formatting
The page margins should be set to 2.5 cm on the right, left, top, and bottom.
Headings should be left-aligned.
The entire article should be formatted as justified.
The main text should be written in 12-point Times New Roman font, with a line spacing of 1.15.
Main headings should be in all capital letters and bold. Subheadings under the main headings should be left-aligned, bold, with only the first letter capitalized.
Decimal points should be used for fractional numbers, and two digits should be written after the decimal point (e.g., 23.74%). For numbers with four or more digits, a comma should be used to group thousands (e.g., 1,000,000 units).
Abbreviations should not be used in the title and abstract; they should be explained where they first appear in the text and written in parentheses. The number of abbreviations should be kept to a minimum.
Numbers less than 10 should be written in words, and numbers 10 and above should be written in numerals.
Documents should be saved and submitted in ".doc" or ".docx" format as Word documents. They should not be sent in "PDF" or any other format.

Figures, Images, Tables, and Graphs
Tables should be numbered in the order they appear in the text. After the table number, a period and a single space should be left, and the title should be written above the table with the first letter of each word capitalized.
Figure and graph titles should be written with the first letter capitalized and placed below the figures and graphs.
The locations of figures, images, tables, and graphs in the text should be indicated at the end of the relevant sentence.
Figures should be in digital format, with a resolution of 300 DPI, and in .jpeg format.
Tables, figures, and images/photographs should be added to the system as separate files.
Each table, figure, and graph should be cited in the text.
If previously published figures, images, tables, and graphs are used, the source should be indicated; if the material is obtained from a personal archive, permission should be obtained from the owner, and it should be noted in the section where the material appears.
Abbreviations used in figures, images, tables, and graphs should be explained in the caption below them.
Images/photographs should be in color, with sufficient contrast and clarity to show details.

Article Categories
Original Research
Prospective, retrospective, and all types of experimental studies conducted in clinics can be published. For limitations on articles, see "Table 1." Original research should include the following sections:

Abstract: The abstract of research articles should be structured with objectives, methods, findings, and conclusions.
Introduction: The research article should include its purpose, hypotheses (if any), and research questions.
Method: The research type, location, and duration, population and sample, inclusion and exclusion criteria, data collection tools, data collection method, ethical aspects of the research, and data analysis should be included.
Results: Results should be clearly presented with statistical outcomes.
Discussion: Important findings of the research and related current literature should be specified in this section.
Conclusion: Conclusions derived from the findings should be clearly stated in this section.
References: For limitations on articles, see "Table 1."
Research Article Template: Click to download the research article template.

Meta-Analysis or Systematic Review
These studies involve a comprehensive search and citation of literature using multiple databases related to the research topic. Meta-analyses or systematic reviews should cover the following headings:
Abstract: The abstract of meta-analyses or systematic reviews should be structured with objectives, methods, findings, and conclusions.
Introduction: The purpose and questions of the meta-analysis or systematic review should be included.
Method: The research type, databases searched, inclusion and exclusion criteria, and data analysis should be included.
Results: Results should be clearly presented with statistical analyses.
Discussion: Important findings of the research and related current literature should be specified in this section.
Conclusion: Conclusions derived from the findings should be clearly stated.
References: See citation rules and "Table 1."
Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review Template: Click to download the meta-analysis and systematic review template.

Review
Review articles are written by experts with knowledge and work in the field; they cover current and necessary topics, discuss related issues, and present the author's views based on national and international current sources. They are prepared directly or by invitation. Current source scanning is important for review articles. If possible, sources from the last five years should be used. The review should cover the following headings:

Abstract
Subheadings related to the topic
Conclusion
References: See citation rules and "Table 1."
Review Article Template: Click to download the review article template.

Case Report
These are articles that are rare, differ in diagnosis, treatment, and care. They should be supported by a sufficient number of photographs and diagrams. Case reports should cover the following headings:

Abstract
Introduction
Case Report
Discussion
References: See citation rules and "Table 1."
Case Report Template: Click to download the case report template.

Letter to the Editor
These are letters containing different views and questions from readers about articles published in the journal in the last six months. Letters to the editor should cite a total of five sources, one of which must be from the recent article. Letters will be published after being shortened or corrected at the editor's discretion.

Table 1. Article Type Limitations

All article categories should be prepared according to the checklists and uploaded to the system along with the checklist (https://www.equator-network.org/).

Checklists to be Prepared According to the Type of Study
Non-randomized Behavioral or Public Health Experimental Studies: TREND (cdc.gov/trendstatement/)
Observational Study: Cohort, Case-Control, Cross-Sectional: STROBE (strobe-statement.org/)
Randomized Controlled Trial: CONSORT (http://www.consort-statement.org/home/)
CONSORT translations (consort-statement.org/consort-statement/translations/)
Standard Protocol Items for Randomized Trials: SPRIT (http://www.spirit-statement.org/)
Case Reports should be prepared according to the CARE (Case Report Guidelines) checklist (https://www.care-statement.org/)
Experimental Animal Studies: ARRIVE (nc3rs.org.uk/arrive/)
Meta-analyses and Systematic Reviews: PRISMA Statement (PRISMA Statement: Checklist of items to include when reporting a systematic review or meta-analysis) (http://www.prisma-statement.org/)

Citation Rules
In-Text Citations
The ‘National Library of Medicine (NLM) Citation Style’ should be used for citing references in the text. Each reference cited in the text should be numbered in the order it appears in the article and indicated at the end of the relevant sentence in parentheses, followed by a period. If several references are cited at once, they should be ordered from smallest to largest and separated by commas (e.g., 1, 2, 5, 8). Unpublished theses, reports, presentations, lecture notes, and personal opinions cannot be cited as references.

For sequentially used references, the order of the dates should be from old to new.
If there are three or more consecutive references, they should be indicated by placing a “-” between the first and last numbers (e.g., 1-4). If an author is cited, the references should be given immediately after the author's name:
Example: ......... According to Ovayolu (27) and Namıduru (34), patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment…
If a source within another publication is cited and the original source is not accessible, only the cited publication should be referenced, and the original source should be mentioned by name:
Example: ........ According to Güner and colleagues (8), Çevik and colleagues found that...
When citing works with two authors, “and” should be placed between their surnames:
Example: ......... The nursing care of a patient with cerebral hydatid cyst according to Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory was provided by Görücü Yılmaz and Özdemir...
When citing works with more than two authors, after the first author's surname, “et al.” should be used:
Example: ......... Integrative methods used by Sohbet et al....

For figures and tables taken from another publication, the source should be indicated in accordance with the in-text citation method. After the figure or table description, the authors' names (literature number), the suffix “from” and the term “adapted” should be added in a sentence or only the literature number of the relevant source should be given. An explanation that permission has been obtained from the authors for use should be added to the description of these figures and tables.
Example: Figure 2. Structure of the kidney (Adapted from Özdemir et al. (5) with permission)

Web pages should be used as sources by assigning sequence numbers, but the addresses of the used web pages should be provided in the references with the access date (month, day, year). Due to the frequent updating of such documents, it is recommended to write the last update date, if specified. The web pages used should contain information from publications by scientific individuals, organizations monitored by a scientific committee, or state, university, and public institutions' publications. In this context, the official websites of reputable international and national scientific committees and organizations like “WHO,” “TÜBİTAK” should be used, preferably sites with “gov,” “edu,” “org” extensions, and commercial or private individual and organization sites and magazine sites should not be used.
Example: Turkey's 2020 death statistics can be accessed from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TÜİK) website (26). According to the World Health Organization’s website data accessed on January 10, 2021 (5), chronic kidney disease...

References
At the end of the text, references should be listed separately, numbered in the order they are cited in the text. References should be written in accordance with the Vancouver Referencing Style (Click here to access the Vancouver style guide).

If the bibliography is organized using citation software (EndNote, Mendeley, Refworks, etc.), Vancouver should be selected from the options. Authors are responsible for the accuracy of the references. The following rules should be observed when writing references.

Examples of Reference Writing
Please pay attention to the punctuation marks used in author names, year, issue, and page numbers. The DOI number of the source must be included.

For Articles:

The surname(s) and initials of the author(s), article title, journal name, year, volume, issue, and page number should be indicated.

Journal names should be abbreviated according to the Index Medicus/Medline/PubMed list (For journal abbreviations, the list of MEDLINE journals published annually by NLM can be accessed at http://www.nlm.nih.gov/tsd/serials/lji.html).

If the journal name is not listed, it should be written in full. If there are 6 or fewer authors listed in the references, all should be listed; if there are 7 or more, after the 6th author, “et al.” should be used in foreign sources.

Single Author Articles:

Doğan İ. A simulation study comparing model fit measures of structural equation modeling with multivariate contaminated normal distribution. Communications in Statistics Simulation and Computation. 2022; 51(5): 2526-2536. https://doi.org/10.1080/03610918.2019.1698745

Multiple Author Articles (6 or fewer authors):

Konateke S, Güner Şİ. Nursing care of a patient with cerebral hydatid cyst according to Orem's Self-Care Deficit Theory. Turkey Clinics Journal of Nursing Sciences. 2022;14(2):611-20. https://doi.org/10.5336/nurses.2021-85931.

Tekin S, Erdal ME, Asoğlu M, İzci Ay Ö, Ay ME, Görücü Yılmaz Ş. Biomarker potential of hsa-miR-145-5p in peripheral whole blood of manic bipolar I patients. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. 2022; 40(44):378-387. https://doi.org/10.47626/1516-4446-2021-2260.

Multiple Author Articles (7 or more authors):

Arıkan Dönmez A, Ovayolu Ö, Ovayolu N, Yılmaz S, Karayurt Ö, Çürük GN, et al. Quality of work life and working conditions among oncology nurses: A national online descriptive cross-sectional study. Arch Environ Occup Health. 2022; 12:1-11. https://doi.org/10.1080/19338244.2022.2063240.

For Books:

The surname(s) and initials of the author(s), chapter title, editor's name(s), book title, edition, city, publisher, year, and pages should be indicated.

Chapter in a Book:

Berşe S. Nursing Education in Germany. In: Gülçek E, editor. Current Nursing Approaches with Clinical and Surgical Approaches. İksad Publishing House, 2022, pp. 81-98.

For Books Published in a Foreign Language:

Alligood MR, Tomey AM. Nursing Theory Utilization & Application. 3rd ed. The United States of America; 2006. p. 89-102.

Books where the Author and Editor are the Same:

Ovayolu N, Ovayolu Ö. Basic Internal Medicine Nursing and Chronic Diseases from Different Perspectives. 3rd ed. Ankara: Çukurova Nobel Medical Bookstore.; 2020.

Books where the Author and Editor are Different:

Güner Şİ. Evidence for Fall Prevention. In: Yava A, Koyuncu A, editors. Evidence-Based Clinical Application Recommendations in Nursing. 1st ed. Ankara: Nobel Medical Bookstores Ltd.; 2022. pp. 107-119.

Translated Book:

Story L. Pathophysiology: A Practical Approach. Translated by: Ovayolu N, Ovayolu Ö. Çukurova Nobel Bookstore, 2016.

Web Page:

The author's surname, the initial of the author's name. Title (internet). (Access date). Access address.

Example: Ertuğrul Örünç N, Yenicesu İ. National Hemovigilance Guide (Internet) (Access date: December 15, 2022). Access address: https://ekutuphane.saglik.gov.tr/Yayin/528.