Year 2020,
Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 287 - 298, 17.09.2020
Ayşe Nalbantsoy
,
Cenk Serhan Özverel
,
Duygu Kışla
References
- Baldwin, C., Millette, M., Oth, D., Ruiz, M.T., Luquet, F.-M., Lacroix, M. (2010). Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. casei mix sensitize colorectal tumoral cells to 5- fluorouracil-induced apoptosis. Nutrition and Cancer, 62, 371-78. http://doi.org/10.1080/01635580903407197
- Brown, A.C., Valiere, A. (2004). Probiotics and medical nutrition therapy. Nutrition in Clinical Care, 7(2), 56-68.
- Chen, C., Chan, H.M., Kubow, S. (2007). Kefir extracts suppress in vitro proliferation of estrogen-dependent human breast cancer cells but not normal mammary epithelial cells. Journal of Medicinal Food, 10(3), 416-422. http://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2006.236
- Couzin-Frankel, J. (2013). Cancer immunotherapy. Science, 342(6165), 1432-1433. http://doi.org/10.1126/science.342.6165.1432
- Damaskos, D., Kolios, G. (2008). Probiotics and prebiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: microflora ‘on the scope’. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 65(4), 453-467. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03096.x
- Dasari, S., Kathera, C., Janardhan, A., Kumar, A.P., Viswanath, B. (2017). Surfacing role of probiotics in cancer prophylaxis and therapy: A systematic review. Clinical Nutrition, 36(6), 1465-1472. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.11.017
- Duary, R.J., Batish, V.K., Grover, S. (2014). Immunomodulatory activity of two potential probiotic strains in LPS-stimulated HT-29 cells. Genes & Nutrition, 9(3), 398. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-014-0398-2
- Fujihara, M., Muroi, M., Tanamoto, K., Suzuki, T., Azuma, H., Ikeda, H. (2003). Molecular mechanisms of macrophage activation and deactivation by lipopolysaccharide: roles of the receptor complex. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 100(2), 171-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2003.08.003
- Faghfoori, Z., Gargari, B.P., Gharamaleki, A.S., Bagherpour, H., Khosroushahi, A.Y. (2015). Cellular and molecular mechanisms of probiotics effects on colorectal cancer. Journal of Functional Foods, 18(A), 463-472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.013
- Foo, N.-P., Yang, H.O., Chiu, H.-H., Chan, H.-Y., Liao, C.-C., Yu, C.-K., Wang, Y.-J. (2011). Probiotics prevent the development of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colonic tumorigenesis through suppressed colonic mucosa cellular proliferation and increased stimulation of macrophages. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(24), 13337-13345. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf203444d
- Galdeano, C.M., de Moreno de LeBlanc, A., Vinderola, G., Bibas Bonet, M.E., Perdigon, G. (2007). Proposed model: Mechanisms of immunomodulation induced by probiotic bacteria. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 14(5), 485-492. https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00406-06
- Hatcher, G.E., Lambrecht, R.S. (1993). Augmentation of macrophage phagocytic activity by cell-free extracts of selected lactic acid-producing bacteria. Journal of Dairy Science, 76(9), 2485-2492. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77583-9
- Ivec, M., Botic, T., Koren, S., Jakobsen, M., Weingartl, H., Cencic, A. (2007). Interactions of macrophages with probiotic bacteria lead to increased antiviral response against vesicular stomatitis virus. Antiviral Research, 74(3), 266-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.03.013
- Kaji, R., Kiyoshima-Shibata, J., Tsujibe, S., Nanno, M., Shida, K. (2018). Short communication: Probiotic induction of interleukin-10 and interleukin-12 production by macrophages is modulated by co-stimulation with microbial components. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(4), 2838-2841. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13868
- Kishimoto, M., Nomoto, R., Mizuno, M., Osawa, R. (2017). An in vitro investigation of immunomodulatory properties of Lactobacillus plantarum and L. delbrueckii cells and their extracellular polysaccharides. Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health, 36(3), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.17-00
- Konstantinov, S.R., Smidt, H., de Vos, W.M., Bruijns, S.C.M., Singh, S.K., Valence, F., Molle, D., Lortal, S., Altermann, E., Klaenhammer, T.R., van Mack, D.R. (2005). Probiotics. Canadian Family Physician, 51(11), 1455-1457.
- Mallappa, R.H., Rokana, N., Duary, R.K., Panwar, H., Batish, V.K., Grover, S. (2012). Management of metabolic syndrome through probiotic and prebiotic interventions. Indian Jounal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 16(1), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.91178
- Maslowski, K.M., Mackay, C.R. (2011). Diet, gut microbiota and immune responses. Nature Immunology, 12, 5-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0111-5
- Masuno, T., Kishimoto, S., Ogura, T., Honma, T., Niitani, H., Fukuoka, M., Ogawa, N. (1991). A comparative trial of LC9018 plus doxorubicin and doxorubicin alone for the treatment of malignant pleural effusion secondary to lung cancer. Cancer, 68(7), 1495-1500.https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19911001)68:7<1495::AID-CNCR2820680705>3.0.CO;2-6
- Mlu, S., Urtenova, M.A., Tkachenko, E.L., Avalueva, E.B., Orlov, S.V., Ivanov, S.V., Orishaka, E.A., Skazyvaeva, E.V. (2013). On the possibilities of correction of changes of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in patients with lung cancer treated receiving chemotherapy. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, 11, 15-20.
- Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
- Nalbantsoy, A., Igci, N., Gocmen, B., Mebert, K. (2016). Cytotoxic potential of Wagner’s Viper, Montivipera wagneri, venom. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 12(2), 286-291.
- Naito, S., Koga, H., Yamaguchi, A., Fujimoto, N., Hasui, Y., Kuramoto, H., Iguchi, A., Kinukawa, N. (2008). Prevention of recurrence with epirubicin and Lactobacillus casei after transurethral resection of bladder cancer. The Journal of Urology, 179(2), 485-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.09.031
- Parvinder, A., Aruna, B. (2012). Comparison of the immunomodulatory properties of four probiotic strains of lactobacillus: prediction for in vivo efficacy. International Journal of Life Science Biotechnology and Pharma Research, 1(2), 104-110.
- Penders, J., Stobberingh, E.E., van den Brandt, P.A., Thijs, C. (2007). The role of the intestinal microbiota in the development of atopic disorders. Allergy, 62(11), 1223-1236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01462.x
- Perdigon, G., Maldonado Galdeano, C., Valdez, J.C., Medici, M. (2003). Interaction of lactic acid bacteria with the gut immune system. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56, 21-26. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601658
- Piccart-Gebhart, M.J., Procter, M., Leyland-Jones, B., Goldhirsch, A., Untch M., Smith, I., Gianni, L., Baselga, J., Bell, R., Jackisch, C., Cameron, D., Dowsett, M., Barrios, C.H., Steger, G., Huang, C.S., Andersson, M., Inbar, M., Lichinitser, M., Láng, I., Nitz, U., Iwata, H., Thomssen, C., Lohrisch, C., Suter, T.M., Rüschoff, J., Suto, T., Greatorex, V., Ward, C., Straehle, C., McFadden, E., Dolci, M.S., Gelber, R.D. (2005). Trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 353(16), 1659-1672. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa052306
- Sanders, M.E., Merenstein, D., Merrifield, C.A., Hutkins, R. (2018). Probiotics for human use. Nutrition Bulletin, 43(3), 212-225. https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12334
- Sathyanarayanan, V., Neelapu, S.S. (2015). Cancer immunotherapy: Strategies for personalization and combinatorial approaches. Molecular Oncology, 9(10), 2043-2053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2015.10.009
- Saxelin, M. (2008). Probiotic formulations and applications, the current probiotics market, and changes in the marketplace: A european perspective. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 46(2), 76-79. https://doi.org/10.1086/523337
- Sharma, A., Viswanath, B., Park, Y.-S. (2018). Role of probiotics in the management of lung cancer and related diseases: An update. Journal of Functional Foods, 40, 625-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.050
- Sheil, B., Shanahan, F., O’Mahony, L. (2007). Probiotic effects on inflammatory bowel disease. The Journal of Nutrition, 137(3), 819-824. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.3.819S
- Shida, K., Nomoto, K. (2013). Probiotics as efficient immunopotentiators: Translational role in cancer prevention. Indian Journal of Medicinal Reserach, 138(5), 808-814.
- Siegel, R., DeSantis, C., Virgo, K., Stein, K., Mariotto, A., Smith, T., Cooper, D., Gansler, T., Lerro, C., Fedewa, S., Lin, C., Leach, C., Cannady, R.S., Cho, H., Scoppa, S., Hachey, M., Kirch, R., Jemal, A., Ward, E. (2012). Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 62(4), 220-241. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21149
- Taverniti, V., Stuknyte, M., Minuzzo, M., Arioli, S., De Noni, I., Scabiosi, C., Cordova, Z.M., Junttila, I., Hamalainen, S., Turpeinen, H., Mora, D., Karp, M., Pesu, M., Guglielmetti, S. (2013). S-layer protein mediates the stimulatory effect of Lactobacillus helveticus MIMLh5 on innate immunity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 79(4), 1221-1231. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03056-12
- Toi, M., Hirota, S., Tomotaki, A., Sato, N., Hozumi, Y., Anan, K., Nagashima, T., Tokuda, Y., Masuda, N., Ohsumi, S., Ohno, S., Takahashi, M., Hayashi, H., Yamamoto, S., Ohashi, Y. (2013). Probiotic beverage with soy isoflavone consumption for breast cancer prevention: A case-control study. Current Nutrition & Food Science, 9(3), 194-200. https://doi.org/10.2174/15734013113099990001
- Turnbaugh, P.J., Backhed, F., Fulton, L., Gordon, J.I. (2008). Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome. Cell Host & Microbe, 3(4), 213-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2008.02.015
- Zamberi, N.R., Abu, N., Mohamed, N.E., Nordin, N., Keong, Y.S., Beh, B.K., Zakaria, Z.A.B., Nik Abdul Rahman, N.M., Alitheen, N.B. (2016). The Antimetastatic and antiangiogenesis effects of kefir water on murine breast cancer cells. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 15(4), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735416642862
- Zitvogel, L., Daillère, R., Roberti, M.P., Routy, B., Kroemer, G. (2017). Anticancer effects of the microbiome and its products. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 15(8), 465-478. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.44
A co-culture study to determine the supportive role of probiotics on immune system against cancer cells
Year 2020,
Volume: 6 Issue: 4, 287 - 298, 17.09.2020
Ayşe Nalbantsoy
,
Cenk Serhan Özverel
,
Duygu Kışla
Abstract
In this study, two different in vitro co-culture systems were established in order to determine the supportive role of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 on macrophages when used in combination with doxorubicin in both human- and mouse-origin cancerous cell lines. First, a co-culture study was undertaken using RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage cells that activated by LA-5 against 4T1 mouse triple negative breast adenocarcinoma cells. After the initial study, a second co-culture was performed using THP-1 human monocyte-like cells activated by LA-5 against CaCo-2 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. The supplementary potential of LA-5 on the macrophages was evaluated by investigating the viabilities of 4T1 and CaCo-2 cells via an MTT test. The data obtained in the study indicated that the viability of cancerous cells 4T1 and CaCo-2 decreased to ≈40% and ≈30% in the groups that used LPS-activated macrophages stimulated with LA-5 and the combination of LA-5 and doxorubicin (1/2 IC50), respectively. In conclusion, the use of LA-5 could be encouraged as a dietary supplementary for cancer patients due to its superior effects on immune stimulation.
References
- Baldwin, C., Millette, M., Oth, D., Ruiz, M.T., Luquet, F.-M., Lacroix, M. (2010). Probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus and L. casei mix sensitize colorectal tumoral cells to 5- fluorouracil-induced apoptosis. Nutrition and Cancer, 62, 371-78. http://doi.org/10.1080/01635580903407197
- Brown, A.C., Valiere, A. (2004). Probiotics and medical nutrition therapy. Nutrition in Clinical Care, 7(2), 56-68.
- Chen, C., Chan, H.M., Kubow, S. (2007). Kefir extracts suppress in vitro proliferation of estrogen-dependent human breast cancer cells but not normal mammary epithelial cells. Journal of Medicinal Food, 10(3), 416-422. http://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2006.236
- Couzin-Frankel, J. (2013). Cancer immunotherapy. Science, 342(6165), 1432-1433. http://doi.org/10.1126/science.342.6165.1432
- Damaskos, D., Kolios, G. (2008). Probiotics and prebiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: microflora ‘on the scope’. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 65(4), 453-467. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03096.x
- Dasari, S., Kathera, C., Janardhan, A., Kumar, A.P., Viswanath, B. (2017). Surfacing role of probiotics in cancer prophylaxis and therapy: A systematic review. Clinical Nutrition, 36(6), 1465-1472. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2016.11.017
- Duary, R.J., Batish, V.K., Grover, S. (2014). Immunomodulatory activity of two potential probiotic strains in LPS-stimulated HT-29 cells. Genes & Nutrition, 9(3), 398. http://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-014-0398-2
- Fujihara, M., Muroi, M., Tanamoto, K., Suzuki, T., Azuma, H., Ikeda, H. (2003). Molecular mechanisms of macrophage activation and deactivation by lipopolysaccharide: roles of the receptor complex. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 100(2), 171-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2003.08.003
- Faghfoori, Z., Gargari, B.P., Gharamaleki, A.S., Bagherpour, H., Khosroushahi, A.Y. (2015). Cellular and molecular mechanisms of probiotics effects on colorectal cancer. Journal of Functional Foods, 18(A), 463-472. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2015.08.013
- Foo, N.-P., Yang, H.O., Chiu, H.-H., Chan, H.-Y., Liao, C.-C., Yu, C.-K., Wang, Y.-J. (2011). Probiotics prevent the development of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colonic tumorigenesis through suppressed colonic mucosa cellular proliferation and increased stimulation of macrophages. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 59(24), 13337-13345. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf203444d
- Galdeano, C.M., de Moreno de LeBlanc, A., Vinderola, G., Bibas Bonet, M.E., Perdigon, G. (2007). Proposed model: Mechanisms of immunomodulation induced by probiotic bacteria. Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, 14(5), 485-492. https://doi.org/10.1128/CVI.00406-06
- Hatcher, G.E., Lambrecht, R.S. (1993). Augmentation of macrophage phagocytic activity by cell-free extracts of selected lactic acid-producing bacteria. Journal of Dairy Science, 76(9), 2485-2492. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77583-9
- Ivec, M., Botic, T., Koren, S., Jakobsen, M., Weingartl, H., Cencic, A. (2007). Interactions of macrophages with probiotic bacteria lead to increased antiviral response against vesicular stomatitis virus. Antiviral Research, 74(3), 266-274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.antiviral.2007.03.013
- Kaji, R., Kiyoshima-Shibata, J., Tsujibe, S., Nanno, M., Shida, K. (2018). Short communication: Probiotic induction of interleukin-10 and interleukin-12 production by macrophages is modulated by co-stimulation with microbial components. Journal of Dairy Science, 101(4), 2838-2841. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13868
- Kishimoto, M., Nomoto, R., Mizuno, M., Osawa, R. (2017). An in vitro investigation of immunomodulatory properties of Lactobacillus plantarum and L. delbrueckii cells and their extracellular polysaccharides. Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health, 36(3), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.12938/bmfh.17-00
- Konstantinov, S.R., Smidt, H., de Vos, W.M., Bruijns, S.C.M., Singh, S.K., Valence, F., Molle, D., Lortal, S., Altermann, E., Klaenhammer, T.R., van Mack, D.R. (2005). Probiotics. Canadian Family Physician, 51(11), 1455-1457.
- Mallappa, R.H., Rokana, N., Duary, R.K., Panwar, H., Batish, V.K., Grover, S. (2012). Management of metabolic syndrome through probiotic and prebiotic interventions. Indian Jounal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 16(1), 20-27. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8210.91178
- Maslowski, K.M., Mackay, C.R. (2011). Diet, gut microbiota and immune responses. Nature Immunology, 12, 5-9. https://doi.org/10.1038/ni0111-5
- Masuno, T., Kishimoto, S., Ogura, T., Honma, T., Niitani, H., Fukuoka, M., Ogawa, N. (1991). A comparative trial of LC9018 plus doxorubicin and doxorubicin alone for the treatment of malignant pleural effusion secondary to lung cancer. Cancer, 68(7), 1495-1500.https://doi.org/10.1002/1097-0142(19911001)68:7<1495::AID-CNCR2820680705>3.0.CO;2-6
- Mlu, S., Urtenova, M.A., Tkachenko, E.L., Avalueva, E.B., Orlov, S.V., Ivanov, S.V., Orishaka, E.A., Skazyvaeva, E.V. (2013). On the possibilities of correction of changes of the gastrointestinal tract microbiota in patients with lung cancer treated receiving chemotherapy. Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology, 11, 15-20.
- Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: Application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods, 65(1-2), 55-63. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759(83)90303-4
- Nalbantsoy, A., Igci, N., Gocmen, B., Mebert, K. (2016). Cytotoxic potential of Wagner’s Viper, Montivipera wagneri, venom. North-Western Journal of Zoology, 12(2), 286-291.
- Naito, S., Koga, H., Yamaguchi, A., Fujimoto, N., Hasui, Y., Kuramoto, H., Iguchi, A., Kinukawa, N. (2008). Prevention of recurrence with epirubicin and Lactobacillus casei after transurethral resection of bladder cancer. The Journal of Urology, 179(2), 485-490. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2007.09.031
- Parvinder, A., Aruna, B. (2012). Comparison of the immunomodulatory properties of four probiotic strains of lactobacillus: prediction for in vivo efficacy. International Journal of Life Science Biotechnology and Pharma Research, 1(2), 104-110.
- Penders, J., Stobberingh, E.E., van den Brandt, P.A., Thijs, C. (2007). The role of the intestinal microbiota in the development of atopic disorders. Allergy, 62(11), 1223-1236. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.2007.01462.x
- Perdigon, G., Maldonado Galdeano, C., Valdez, J.C., Medici, M. (2003). Interaction of lactic acid bacteria with the gut immune system. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56, 21-26. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601658
- Piccart-Gebhart, M.J., Procter, M., Leyland-Jones, B., Goldhirsch, A., Untch M., Smith, I., Gianni, L., Baselga, J., Bell, R., Jackisch, C., Cameron, D., Dowsett, M., Barrios, C.H., Steger, G., Huang, C.S., Andersson, M., Inbar, M., Lichinitser, M., Láng, I., Nitz, U., Iwata, H., Thomssen, C., Lohrisch, C., Suter, T.M., Rüschoff, J., Suto, T., Greatorex, V., Ward, C., Straehle, C., McFadden, E., Dolci, M.S., Gelber, R.D. (2005). Trastuzumab after adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-positive breast cancer. The New England Journal of Medicine, 353(16), 1659-1672. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa052306
- Sanders, M.E., Merenstein, D., Merrifield, C.A., Hutkins, R. (2018). Probiotics for human use. Nutrition Bulletin, 43(3), 212-225. https://doi.org/10.1111/nbu.12334
- Sathyanarayanan, V., Neelapu, S.S. (2015). Cancer immunotherapy: Strategies for personalization and combinatorial approaches. Molecular Oncology, 9(10), 2043-2053. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molonc.2015.10.009
- Saxelin, M. (2008). Probiotic formulations and applications, the current probiotics market, and changes in the marketplace: A european perspective. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 46(2), 76-79. https://doi.org/10.1086/523337
- Sharma, A., Viswanath, B., Park, Y.-S. (2018). Role of probiotics in the management of lung cancer and related diseases: An update. Journal of Functional Foods, 40, 625-633. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2017.11.050
- Sheil, B., Shanahan, F., O’Mahony, L. (2007). Probiotic effects on inflammatory bowel disease. The Journal of Nutrition, 137(3), 819-824. https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/137.3.819S
- Shida, K., Nomoto, K. (2013). Probiotics as efficient immunopotentiators: Translational role in cancer prevention. Indian Journal of Medicinal Reserach, 138(5), 808-814.
- Siegel, R., DeSantis, C., Virgo, K., Stein, K., Mariotto, A., Smith, T., Cooper, D., Gansler, T., Lerro, C., Fedewa, S., Lin, C., Leach, C., Cannady, R.S., Cho, H., Scoppa, S., Hachey, M., Kirch, R., Jemal, A., Ward, E. (2012). Cancer treatment and survivorship statistics. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 62(4), 220-241. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21149
- Taverniti, V., Stuknyte, M., Minuzzo, M., Arioli, S., De Noni, I., Scabiosi, C., Cordova, Z.M., Junttila, I., Hamalainen, S., Turpeinen, H., Mora, D., Karp, M., Pesu, M., Guglielmetti, S. (2013). S-layer protein mediates the stimulatory effect of Lactobacillus helveticus MIMLh5 on innate immunity. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 79(4), 1221-1231. https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03056-12
- Toi, M., Hirota, S., Tomotaki, A., Sato, N., Hozumi, Y., Anan, K., Nagashima, T., Tokuda, Y., Masuda, N., Ohsumi, S., Ohno, S., Takahashi, M., Hayashi, H., Yamamoto, S., Ohashi, Y. (2013). Probiotic beverage with soy isoflavone consumption for breast cancer prevention: A case-control study. Current Nutrition & Food Science, 9(3), 194-200. https://doi.org/10.2174/15734013113099990001
- Turnbaugh, P.J., Backhed, F., Fulton, L., Gordon, J.I. (2008). Diet-induced obesity is linked to marked but reversible alterations in the mouse distal gut microbiome. Cell Host & Microbe, 3(4), 213-223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2008.02.015
- Zamberi, N.R., Abu, N., Mohamed, N.E., Nordin, N., Keong, Y.S., Beh, B.K., Zakaria, Z.A.B., Nik Abdul Rahman, N.M., Alitheen, N.B. (2016). The Antimetastatic and antiangiogenesis effects of kefir water on murine breast cancer cells. Integrative Cancer Therapies, 15(4), 53-66. https://doi.org/10.1177/1534735416642862
- Zitvogel, L., Daillère, R., Roberti, M.P., Routy, B., Kroemer, G. (2017). Anticancer effects of the microbiome and its products. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 15(8), 465-478. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro.2017.44