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Promotion of Health via Nitrate Containing Foods

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 9, 266 - 276, 22.12.2021

Didar Üçüncüoğlu Mahmut Yılmaz

Abstract

The main purpose of presented review is to meet foods include nitrate molecule and to examine how to promote health with daily intake diet. It was declared that nutrition type and it formulation is the most influence factor can be caused acute and chronic diseases. However, at the same time, this can also prevent some of heavy symptoms of those.

Keywords

Health Nutrition Functional Foods Nitrate Nitrite Nitric oxide Dietary

References

  • 1. Algenstaedt P, Stumpenhagen A, Westendorf J, 2018. The Effect of Morinda citrifolia L. Fruit Juice on the Blood Sugar Level and Other Serum Parameters in Patients with Diabetes Type 2. Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 3565427 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3565427
  • 2. Al-Qattan KK, Thomson M, Al-Mutawa’a S, Al-Hajeri D, Drobiova H, Ali M, 2006. Nitric Oxide Mediates the Blood-Pressure Lowering Effect of Garlic in the Rat Two-Kidney, One-Clip Model of Hypertension. American Society For Nutrition, The Journal of Nutrition, 136: 3, 774S–776S, https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/136.3.774S
  • 3. Barbaresko, J.; Koch, M.; Schulze, M.B.; Nöthlings, U. Dietary pattern analysis and biomarkers of low-grade inflammation: A systematic literature review. Nutr. Rev. 2013, 71, 511–527 https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12035
  • 4. Bryan NS, 2018. Functional Nitric Oxide Nutrition to Combat Cardiovascular Disease. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, Nutrition, 20: 21 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-018-0723-0 5. Bryan NS, Bian K, Murad F, 2009. Discovery of the nitric oxide signaling pathway and targets for drug development. Frontiers in Bioscience, 14:1–18 https://doi.org/10.2741/3228
  • 6. Bryan NS, Calvert JW, Elrod JW, Gundewar S, Ji SY, Lefer DJ. 2008. Dietary nitrite supplementation protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 104:19144–9.32. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706579104
  • 7. Bryan NS, Calvert JW, Gundewar S, Lefer DJ, 2008. Dietary nitrite restores NO homeostasis and is cardio protective in endothelial nitric oxidesynthase-deficient mice. Free Radic Biol Med 45:468–74 1 https://doi.org/0.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.04.040
  • 8. Casas R, Castro-Barquero S, Estruch R, Sacanella E, 2018. Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19, 3988 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123988
  • 9. Centritto, F.; Iacoviello, L.; di Giuseppe, R.; De Curtis, A.; Costanzo, S.; Zito, F.; Grioni, S.; Sieri, S.; Donati, M.B.; de Gaetano, G, 2009. Dietary patterns, cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein in a healthy Italian population. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 19, 697–706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2008.11.009
  • 10. Chomchan R, Puttarak P, Brantner A, Siripongvutikorn S, 2018. Selenium-Rich Ricegrass Juice Improves Antioxidant Properties and Nitric Oxide Inhibition in Macrophage Cells. Antioxidants 7, 57 https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7040057
  • 11. Chong CLG, Othman F, Hussan F, 2018. Vascular Protective Effects of Morinda citrifolia Leaf Extract on Postmenopausal Rats Fed with Thermoxidized Palm Oil Diet: Evidence at Microscopic Level. Hindawi International Journal of Vascular Medicine, 6317434 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6317434
  • 12. Coles LT, Clifton PM 2012. Effect of beetroot juice on lowering blood pressure in free-living, disease-free adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr J; 11: 106 https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-11-106
  • 13. Corpas FJ, Palma JM, 2018. Nitric oxide on/off in fruit ripening. German Society for Plant Sciences and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands, Plant Biology 20:805–807 https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12852
  • 14. Davi Vieira Teixeira da Silva, Fabricio de Oliveira Silva, Daniel Perrone, Anna Paola Trindade Rocha Pierucci, Carlos Adam Conte-Junior, Thiago da Silveira Alvares, Eduardo Mere Del Aguila & Vania Margaret Flosi Paschoalin, 2016. Physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory analyses of a nitrate-enriched beetroot gel and its effects on plasmatic nitric oxide and blood pressure, Food & Nutrition Research, 60:1, 29909 https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.29909
  • 15. Dejam A, Hunter CJ, Tremonti C, 2007. Nitrite infusion in humans and nonhuman primates: endocrine effects, pharmacokinetics, and tolerance formation. Circulation 116:1821–31.46 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.712133
  • 16. Fardet A, Rock E, 2014. Toward a new philosophy of preventive nutrition: From a reductionist to a holistic paradigm to improve nutritional recommendations. Adv. Nutr. 5, 430–446 https://doi.org/10.3945/an.114.006122
  • 17. Georgiev VG, Weber J, Kneschke EM, Denev PN, Bley T, Pavlov AI. 2010. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of betalain extracts from intact plants and hairy root cultures of the red beetroot Beta vulgaris cv. Detroit dark red. Plant Foods Hum Nutr, 65:2, 105-11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-010-0156-6
  • 18. Gonzalez FM, Shiva S, Vincent PS, 2008. Nitrite anion provides potent cytoprotective and antiapoptotic effects as adjunctive therapy to reperfusion for acute myocardial infarction. Circulation, 117:2986–94 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.748814
  • 19. Hord NG, Tang Y, Bryan NS. 2009. Food sources of nitrates and nitrites: the physiologic context for potential health benefits. American Society For Nutrition, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90:1–10 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.27131
  • 20. Jansson EA, Huang L, Malkey R, 2008. A mammalian functional nitrate reductase that regulates nitrite and nitric oxide homeostasis. Nat Chem Biol, 4:411–7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.92
  • 21. Kapil V, Khambata RS, Robertson A, Caulfield MJ, Ahluwalia A, 2014. Dietary nitrate provides sustained blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients: a randomized, phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hypertension, 65, 320:7 https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04675
  • 22. Katan MB, 2009. Nitrate in foods: harmful or healthy? American Society For Nutrition, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90:11-2 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.28014
  • 23. Kelm M, 1999. Nitric oxide metabolism and breakdown. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1411:273–89 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-2728(99)00020-1
  • 24. Kim JM, Jeon YH, Jeon YJ, Yoon KY, 2020. Comparison of bioactive composition, antioxidant activity, and nitric oxide inhibition effect of enzyme-treated and commercial noni juice. Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52:1, 75-80 https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2020.52.1.75
  • 25. Lee D, Yu JS, Huang P, Qader M, Manavalan A, Wu X, Kim JC, Pang C, Cao S, Kang KS, Kim KH, 2020. Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Hawaiian Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Juice. Molecules, 25:21, 4968 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214968
  • 26. Lee YK, Bang HJB, Oh JB, Whang WK, 2017. Bioassay-Guided Isolated Compounds from Morinda officinalis Inhibit Alzheimer’s Disease Pathologies. Molecules, 22, 1638 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22101638
  • 27. Lundberg JO, Gladwin MT, Ahluwalia A, Benjamin N, Bryan NS, Butler A, 2009. Nitrate and nitrite in biology, nutrition and therapeutics. Nat Chem Biol 5, 865:9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.260
  • 28. Lundberg JO, Weitzber E, 2005. NO generation from nitrite and its role in vascular control. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol; 25: 915:22 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000161048.72004.c2
  • 29. Milkowski A, Garg HK, Coughlin JR, Bryan N, 2010. Nutritional epidemiology in the context of nitric oxide biology: A risk–benefit evaluation for dietary nitrite and nitrate. Nitric Oxide 22:110–119 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2009.08.004
  • 30. Miller GD, Marsh AP, Dove RW, Beavers D, Presley T, Helms C, 2012. Plasma nitrate and nitrite are increased by a high-nitrate supplement but not by high-nitrate foods in older adults. Nutr Res 32, 160:8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2012.02.002
  • 31. Mozaffarian D, 2016. Dietary and policy priorities for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity: A comprehensive review. Circulation, 133, 187–225 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018585
  • 32. Mroczek A, Kapusta I, Janda B, Janiszowska W, 2012. Triterpene saponin content in the roots of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars. J Agric Food Chem, 60: 12397:402 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf303952x
  • 33. Naseem KM, 2005. The role of nitric oxide in cardiovascular disease. Mol Aspects Med. 26:33–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2004.09.003
  • 34. Nohl H, Staniek K, Sobhian B, Bahrami S, Redl H, Kozlov AV, 2000. Mitochondria recycle nitrite back to the bioregulator nitric monoxide. Acta Biochim Pol 47:913–21.48 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11996114/
  • 35. Nunez de Gonzalez MT, 2015. A survey of nitrate and nitrite concentrations in conventional and organic-labeled raw vegetables at retail. J Food Sci. 80(5):C942–9 https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12858
  • 36. Rassaf T, Flogel U, Drexhage C, Hendgen-Cotta U, Kelm M, Schrader J, 2007. Nitrite reductase function of deoxymyoglobin: oxygen sensor and regulator of cardiac energetics and function. Circ Res 100:1749–54.49. https://doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.107.152488
  • 37. Ribeiro MO, Antunes E, de Nucci G, Lovisolo SM, Zatz R, 1992. Chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis: a new model of arterial hypertension. Hypertension 20:298–303 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.20.3.298
  • 38. Santamaria P, 2001. Ways of reducing rocket salad nitrate content. Acta Horticulturae 548:529–37 https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.548.64
  • 39. Shiva S, Wang X, Ringwood LA, 2006. Ceruloplasmin is a NO oxidaseand nitrite synthase that determines endocrine NO homeostasis. Nat Chem Biol 2:486–93.53 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio813
  • 40. Silveira BKS, Oliveira TMS, 2018. Dietary pattern and macronutrients profile on the variation of inflammatory biomarkers: Scientific Update. Cardiol. Res. Pract. 4762575 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4762575
  • 41. Vanin AF, Bevers LM, Slama-Schwok A, van Faassen EE, 2007. Nitric oxidesynthase reduces nitrite to NO under anoxia. Cell Mol Life Sci, 64:96–103.54 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-006-6374-2
  • 42. Veselik DJ, Divekar S, Dakshanamurthy S, 2008. Activation of estrogen receptor-alpha by the anion nitrite. Cancer Res, 68:3950–8.50 https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-2783
  • 43. Wan Nur Farahin Wan O, 2019. Epicatechin and scopoletin rich Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract supplementation, mitigated Osteoarthritis via anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative, and anti‐protease pathways. Journal of Food Biochemistry,43:3 https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12755
  • 44. Wang ZHTX, Wei YS, Li SX, 2000. Nitrate accumulation and its regulationby nutrient management in vegetables. In: Balanceable fertilization and high quality vegetables. Beijing, China: China Agricultural University Press https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.27131
  • 45. Webb AJ, Patel N, Loukogeorgakis S, 2008. Acute blood pressure lowering, vasoprotective, and antiplatelet properties of dietary nitrate via bioconversion to nitrite. Hypertension 51:784–90.47 https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103523
  • 46. Yang X, 2019. Therapeutic effects of noni fruit water extract and polysaccharide on oxidative stress and inflammation in mice under high-fat diet. Food Function, 11, 1133-1145 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO01859J
  • 47. Yoshitomi H, 2020. Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit juice promotes vascular endothelium function in hypertension via glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor‐CaMKKβ‐AMPK‐eNOS pathway. Phytotheraphy Research. 24:9 https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6685

Year 2021, Volume: 4 Issue: 9, 266 - 276, 22.12.2021

Didar Üçüncüoğlu Mahmut Yılmaz

Abstract

References

  • 1. Algenstaedt P, Stumpenhagen A, Westendorf J, 2018. The Effect of Morinda citrifolia L. Fruit Juice on the Blood Sugar Level and Other Serum Parameters in Patients with Diabetes Type 2. Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 3565427 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3565427
  • 2. Al-Qattan KK, Thomson M, Al-Mutawa’a S, Al-Hajeri D, Drobiova H, Ali M, 2006. Nitric Oxide Mediates the Blood-Pressure Lowering Effect of Garlic in the Rat Two-Kidney, One-Clip Model of Hypertension. American Society For Nutrition, The Journal of Nutrition, 136: 3, 774S–776S, https://doi.org/10.1093/jn/136.3.774S
  • 3. Barbaresko, J.; Koch, M.; Schulze, M.B.; Nöthlings, U. Dietary pattern analysis and biomarkers of low-grade inflammation: A systematic literature review. Nutr. Rev. 2013, 71, 511–527 https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12035
  • 4. Bryan NS, 2018. Functional Nitric Oxide Nutrition to Combat Cardiovascular Disease. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, Nutrition, 20: 21 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-018-0723-0 5. Bryan NS, Bian K, Murad F, 2009. Discovery of the nitric oxide signaling pathway and targets for drug development. Frontiers in Bioscience, 14:1–18 https://doi.org/10.2741/3228
  • 6. Bryan NS, Calvert JW, Elrod JW, Gundewar S, Ji SY, Lefer DJ. 2008. Dietary nitrite supplementation protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 104:19144–9.32. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0706579104
  • 7. Bryan NS, Calvert JW, Gundewar S, Lefer DJ, 2008. Dietary nitrite restores NO homeostasis and is cardio protective in endothelial nitric oxidesynthase-deficient mice. Free Radic Biol Med 45:468–74 1 https://doi.org/0.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.04.040
  • 8. Casas R, Castro-Barquero S, Estruch R, Sacanella E, 2018. Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19, 3988 https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19123988
  • 9. Centritto, F.; Iacoviello, L.; di Giuseppe, R.; De Curtis, A.; Costanzo, S.; Zito, F.; Grioni, S.; Sieri, S.; Donati, M.B.; de Gaetano, G, 2009. Dietary patterns, cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein in a healthy Italian population. Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. 19, 697–706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.numecd.2008.11.009
  • 10. Chomchan R, Puttarak P, Brantner A, Siripongvutikorn S, 2018. Selenium-Rich Ricegrass Juice Improves Antioxidant Properties and Nitric Oxide Inhibition in Macrophage Cells. Antioxidants 7, 57 https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox7040057
  • 11. Chong CLG, Othman F, Hussan F, 2018. Vascular Protective Effects of Morinda citrifolia Leaf Extract on Postmenopausal Rats Fed with Thermoxidized Palm Oil Diet: Evidence at Microscopic Level. Hindawi International Journal of Vascular Medicine, 6317434 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/6317434
  • 12. Coles LT, Clifton PM 2012. Effect of beetroot juice on lowering blood pressure in free-living, disease-free adults: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Nutr J; 11: 106 https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2891-11-106
  • 13. Corpas FJ, Palma JM, 2018. Nitric oxide on/off in fruit ripening. German Society for Plant Sciences and The Royal Botanical Society of the Netherlands, Plant Biology 20:805–807 https://doi.org/10.1111/plb.12852
  • 14. Davi Vieira Teixeira da Silva, Fabricio de Oliveira Silva, Daniel Perrone, Anna Paola Trindade Rocha Pierucci, Carlos Adam Conte-Junior, Thiago da Silveira Alvares, Eduardo Mere Del Aguila & Vania Margaret Flosi Paschoalin, 2016. Physicochemical, nutritional, and sensory analyses of a nitrate-enriched beetroot gel and its effects on plasmatic nitric oxide and blood pressure, Food & Nutrition Research, 60:1, 29909 https://doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v60.29909
  • 15. Dejam A, Hunter CJ, Tremonti C, 2007. Nitrite infusion in humans and nonhuman primates: endocrine effects, pharmacokinetics, and tolerance formation. Circulation 116:1821–31.46 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.712133
  • 16. Fardet A, Rock E, 2014. Toward a new philosophy of preventive nutrition: From a reductionist to a holistic paradigm to improve nutritional recommendations. Adv. Nutr. 5, 430–446 https://doi.org/10.3945/an.114.006122
  • 17. Georgiev VG, Weber J, Kneschke EM, Denev PN, Bley T, Pavlov AI. 2010. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of betalain extracts from intact plants and hairy root cultures of the red beetroot Beta vulgaris cv. Detroit dark red. Plant Foods Hum Nutr, 65:2, 105-11 https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-010-0156-6
  • 18. Gonzalez FM, Shiva S, Vincent PS, 2008. Nitrite anion provides potent cytoprotective and antiapoptotic effects as adjunctive therapy to reperfusion for acute myocardial infarction. Circulation, 117:2986–94 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.748814
  • 19. Hord NG, Tang Y, Bryan NS. 2009. Food sources of nitrates and nitrites: the physiologic context for potential health benefits. American Society For Nutrition, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90:1–10 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.27131
  • 20. Jansson EA, Huang L, Malkey R, 2008. A mammalian functional nitrate reductase that regulates nitrite and nitric oxide homeostasis. Nat Chem Biol, 4:411–7 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.92
  • 21. Kapil V, Khambata RS, Robertson A, Caulfield MJ, Ahluwalia A, 2014. Dietary nitrate provides sustained blood pressure lowering in hypertensive patients: a randomized, phase 2, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Hypertension, 65, 320:7 https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.114.04675
  • 22. Katan MB, 2009. Nitrate in foods: harmful or healthy? American Society For Nutrition, American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 90:11-2 https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2009.28014
  • 23. Kelm M, 1999. Nitric oxide metabolism and breakdown. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1411:273–89 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0005-2728(99)00020-1
  • 24. Kim JM, Jeon YH, Jeon YJ, Yoon KY, 2020. Comparison of bioactive composition, antioxidant activity, and nitric oxide inhibition effect of enzyme-treated and commercial noni juice. Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52:1, 75-80 https://doi.org/10.9721/KJFST.2020.52.1.75
  • 25. Lee D, Yu JS, Huang P, Qader M, Manavalan A, Wu X, Kim JC, Pang C, Cao S, Kang KS, Kim KH, 2020. Identification of Anti-Inflammatory Compounds from Hawaiian Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) Fruit Juice. Molecules, 25:21, 4968 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25214968
  • 26. Lee YK, Bang HJB, Oh JB, Whang WK, 2017. Bioassay-Guided Isolated Compounds from Morinda officinalis Inhibit Alzheimer’s Disease Pathologies. Molecules, 22, 1638 https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules22101638
  • 27. Lundberg JO, Gladwin MT, Ahluwalia A, Benjamin N, Bryan NS, Butler A, 2009. Nitrate and nitrite in biology, nutrition and therapeutics. Nat Chem Biol 5, 865:9 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.260
  • 28. Lundberg JO, Weitzber E, 2005. NO generation from nitrite and its role in vascular control. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol; 25: 915:22 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000161048.72004.c2
  • 29. Milkowski A, Garg HK, Coughlin JR, Bryan N, 2010. Nutritional epidemiology in the context of nitric oxide biology: A risk–benefit evaluation for dietary nitrite and nitrate. Nitric Oxide 22:110–119 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.niox.2009.08.004
  • 30. Miller GD, Marsh AP, Dove RW, Beavers D, Presley T, Helms C, 2012. Plasma nitrate and nitrite are increased by a high-nitrate supplement but not by high-nitrate foods in older adults. Nutr Res 32, 160:8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nutres.2012.02.002
  • 31. Mozaffarian D, 2016. Dietary and policy priorities for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity: A comprehensive review. Circulation, 133, 187–225 https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.018585
  • 32. Mroczek A, Kapusta I, Janda B, Janiszowska W, 2012. Triterpene saponin content in the roots of red beet (Beta vulgaris L.) cultivars. J Agric Food Chem, 60: 12397:402 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf303952x
  • 33. Naseem KM, 2005. The role of nitric oxide in cardiovascular disease. Mol Aspects Med. 26:33–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2004.09.003
  • 34. Nohl H, Staniek K, Sobhian B, Bahrami S, Redl H, Kozlov AV, 2000. Mitochondria recycle nitrite back to the bioregulator nitric monoxide. Acta Biochim Pol 47:913–21.48 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11996114/
  • 35. Nunez de Gonzalez MT, 2015. A survey of nitrate and nitrite concentrations in conventional and organic-labeled raw vegetables at retail. J Food Sci. 80(5):C942–9 https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.12858
  • 36. Rassaf T, Flogel U, Drexhage C, Hendgen-Cotta U, Kelm M, Schrader J, 2007. Nitrite reductase function of deoxymyoglobin: oxygen sensor and regulator of cardiac energetics and function. Circ Res 100:1749–54.49. https://doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.107.152488
  • 37. Ribeiro MO, Antunes E, de Nucci G, Lovisolo SM, Zatz R, 1992. Chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis: a new model of arterial hypertension. Hypertension 20:298–303 https://doi.org/10.1161/01.hyp.20.3.298
  • 38. Santamaria P, 2001. Ways of reducing rocket salad nitrate content. Acta Horticulturae 548:529–37 https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.548.64
  • 39. Shiva S, Wang X, Ringwood LA, 2006. Ceruloplasmin is a NO oxidaseand nitrite synthase that determines endocrine NO homeostasis. Nat Chem Biol 2:486–93.53 https://doi.org/10.1038/nchembio813
  • 40. Silveira BKS, Oliveira TMS, 2018. Dietary pattern and macronutrients profile on the variation of inflammatory biomarkers: Scientific Update. Cardiol. Res. Pract. 4762575 https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4762575
  • 41. Vanin AF, Bevers LM, Slama-Schwok A, van Faassen EE, 2007. Nitric oxidesynthase reduces nitrite to NO under anoxia. Cell Mol Life Sci, 64:96–103.54 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00018-006-6374-2
  • 42. Veselik DJ, Divekar S, Dakshanamurthy S, 2008. Activation of estrogen receptor-alpha by the anion nitrite. Cancer Res, 68:3950–8.50 https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.can-07-2783
  • 43. Wan Nur Farahin Wan O, 2019. Epicatechin and scopoletin rich Morinda citrifolia (Noni) leaf extract supplementation, mitigated Osteoarthritis via anti‐inflammatory, anti‐oxidative, and anti‐protease pathways. Journal of Food Biochemistry,43:3 https://doi.org/10.1111/jfbc.12755
  • 44. Wang ZHTX, Wei YS, Li SX, 2000. Nitrate accumulation and its regulationby nutrient management in vegetables. In: Balanceable fertilization and high quality vegetables. Beijing, China: China Agricultural University Press https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.2008.27131
  • 45. Webb AJ, Patel N, Loukogeorgakis S, 2008. Acute blood pressure lowering, vasoprotective, and antiplatelet properties of dietary nitrate via bioconversion to nitrite. Hypertension 51:784–90.47 https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.103523
  • 46. Yang X, 2019. Therapeutic effects of noni fruit water extract and polysaccharide on oxidative stress and inflammation in mice under high-fat diet. Food Function, 11, 1133-1145 https://doi.org/10.1039/C9FO01859J
  • 47. Yoshitomi H, 2020. Morinda citrifolia (Noni) fruit juice promotes vascular endothelium function in hypertension via glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor‐CaMKKβ‐AMPK‐eNOS pathway. Phytotheraphy Research. 24:9 https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.6685
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Food Engineering
Journal Section Food Health and Technology Innovations
Authors

Didar Üçüncüoğlu 0000-0002-2640-5976

Mahmut Yılmaz This is me 0000-0002-2775-2582

Publication Date December 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 4 Issue: 9

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