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Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 224 - 233, 29.10.2023

Burcu Yağız Belkıs Nihan Coşkun Orkun Sakar Hüseyin Ediz Dalkılıç Yavuz Pehlivan

https://doi.org/10.46310/tjim.1290999

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Nalini S, Santa SA. Takayasu arteritis with bilateral renal artery stenosis and left subclavian artery stenosis in pregnancy. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Sep;9(9):QD07-8. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/14371.6485.
  • Machen L, Clowse ME. Vasculitis and pregnancy. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2017 May;43(2):239-47. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2016.12.005.
  • Gudbrandsson B, Wallenius M, Garen T, Henriksen T, Molberg Ø, Palm Ø. Takayasu arteritis and pregnancy: A population-based study on outcomes and mother/child-related concerns. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017 Sep;69(9):1384-90. doi: 10.1002/acr.23146.
  • David LS, Beck MM, Kumar M, Rajan SJ, Danda D, Vijayaselvi R. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with Takayasu’s arteritis: single centre experience over five years. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2020 Mar 6;21(1):15-23. doi: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2019.2019.0115.
  • Singh S, Pati A, Mohakud S, Behera DR. Takayasu’s arteritis in pregnancy: Challenges during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic for optimal maternal and neonatal outcomes. Cureus. 2020 Dec 30;12(12):e12386. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12386.
  • Dalkilic E, Coskun BN, Yağız B, Pehlivan Y. A successful pregnancy in a patient with Takayasu’s arteritis under tocilizumab treatment: A longitudinal case study. Int J Rheum Dis. 2019 Oct;22(10):1941-4. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.13687.
  • Comarmond C, Saadoun D, Nizard J, Cacoub P. Pregnancy issues in Takayasu arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2020 Oct;50(5):911-4. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.08.001.
  • Marwah S, Rajput M, Mohindra R, Gaikwad HS, Sharma M, Topden SR. Takayasu’s arteritis in pregnancy: A rare case report from a tertiary care infirmary in India. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2017:2017:2403451. doi: 10.1155/2017/2403451.
  • Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang J. Clinical analysis: 13 cases of pregnancy complicated with Takayasu arteritis. Ginekol Pol. 2017;88(12):654-61. doi: 10.5603/GP.a2017.0117.
  • Gatto M, Iaccarino L, Canova M, Zen M, Nalotto L, Ramonda R, Punzi L, Doria A. Pregnancy and vasculitis: A systematic review of the literature. Autoimmun Rev. 2012 May;11(6-7):A447-59. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.11.019.
  • Pagnoux C, Mahendira D, Laskin CA. Fertility and pregnancy in vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2013 Feb;27(1):79-94. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2013.02.002.
  • Langford CA, Kerr GS. Pregnancy in vasculitis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2002 Jan;14(1):36-41. doi: 10.1097/00002281-200201000-00007.
  • Doria A, Bajocchi G, Tonon M, Salvarani C. Pre-pregnancy counselling of patients with vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008; 47 Suppl 3:iii13-5. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken152.
  • Miyasaka N, Egawa M, Isobe M, Inoue Y, Kubota T. Obstetrical management of patients with extra-anatomic vascular bypass grafts due to Takayasu arteritis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2016 Dec;42(12):1864-9. doi: 10.1111/jog.13139.
  • Abisror N, Mekinian A, Hachulla E, Lambert M, Morel N, Chapelon C, Martis N, Fuzibet JG, Belenotti P, Swiader L, Dhote R, Mouthon L, Sarrot-Reynault F, Andre M, Amar S, Gauthier JB, Cathebras P, Neel A, Vandergheynst F, Rondeau M, Fur A, Renou F, Godeau B, Devaux B, Veyssier-Belot C, Cacoub P, Pourrat O, Haroche J, Maurier F, Lahuna C, Fain O, Guillevin L, Le Guern V, Costedoat-Chalumeau N. Analysis of risk factors for complications and adverse obstetrical outcomes in women with Takayasu arteritis: a French retrospective study and literature review. Clin Rheumatol. 2020 Sep;39(9):2707-2713. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05024-4.
  • Arend WP, Michel BA, Bloch DA, Hunder GG, Calabrese LH, Edworthy SM, Fauci AS, Leavitt RY, Lie JT, Lightfoot RW Jr, et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1990 Aug;33(8):1129-34. doi: 10.1002/art.1780330811.
  • Hata A, Noda M, Moriwaki R, Numano F. Angiographic findings of Takayasu arteritis: New classification. Int J Cardiol. 1996 Aug:54 Suppl:S155-63. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5273(96)02813-6.
  • Ishikawa K. Natural history and classification of occlusive thromboaortopathy (Takayasu’s disease). Circulation. 1978 Jan;57(1):27-35. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.57.1.27.
  • WHO International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems. 10th revision. Volume 2: Instruction manual. Geneva; World Health Organization; Available at: https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/ICD10Volume2en_2010.pdf,. WHO Libr Cat Data. 2010.
  • Corton M, Leveno K, Bloom S, Spong C, Dashe J. Williams Obstetrics. 24th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2014.
  • Pyo JY, Song JJ, Park YB, Lee SW. Pregnancy morbidities in Korean patients with Takayasu arteritis: A monocentric pilot study. Yonsei Med J. 2020 Nov;61(11):970-975. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.11.970.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Stillbirth. Available at: www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/epidemiology/stillbirth/en. Accessed April 26th, 2022.
  • Zacharias N. Perinatal mortality. 2020 UpToDate. Available at: www.uptodate.com/contents/perinatal-mortality 2021. Accessed April 26th, 2022.
  • Misra R, Danda D, Rajappa SM, Ghosh A, Gupta R, Mahendranath KM, Jeyaseelan L, Lawrence A, Bacon PA; Indian Rheumatology Vasculitis (IRAVAS) group. Development and initial validation of the Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score (ITAS2010). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013 Oct;52(10):1795-801. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket128.
  • Bharuthram N, Tikly M. Pregnancy and Takayasu arteritis: case-based review. Rheumatol Int. 2020 May;40(5):799-809. doi: 10.1007/s00296-019-04499-y.
  • Ross C, D’Souza R, Pagnoux C. Pregnancy outcomes in systemic vasculitides. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2020 Aug 26;22(10):63. doi: 10.1007/s11926-020-00940-5.
  • Tanacan A, Unal C, Yucesoy HM, Duru SA, Beksac MS. Management and evaluation of pregnant women with Takayasu arteritis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2019 Jan;299(1):79-88. doi: 10.1007/s00404-018-4927-x.
  • Alpay-Kanitez N, Omma A, Erer B, Artim-Esen B, Gül A, Inanç M, Öcal L, Kamali S. Favourable pregnancy outcome in Takayasu arteritis: a single-centre experience. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015 Mar-Apr;33(2 Suppl 89):S-7-10.
  • Singh N, Tyagi S, Tripathi R, Mala YM. Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with Takayasu aortoarteritis: Does optimally timed intervention in women with renal artery involvement improve pregnancy outcome? Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Oct;54(5):597-602. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2015.08.014.
  • Comarmond C, Mirault T, Biard L, Nizard J, Lambert M, Wechsler B, Hachulla E, Chiche L, Koskas F, Gaudric J, Cluzel P, Messas E, Resche-Rigon M, Piette JC, Cacoub P, Saadoun D; French Takayasu Network. Takayasu arteritis and pregnancy. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Dec;67(12):3262-9. doi: 10.1002/art.39335.
  • Jacquemyn Y, Vercauteren M. Pregnancy and Takayasu’s arteritis of the pulmonary artery. J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore). 2005 Jan;25(1):63-5. doi: 10.1080/01443610400026042.
  • Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Kamiya C, Iwanaga N, Yoshimatsu J. Analysis of pregnancies in women with Takayasu arteritis: Complication of Takayasu arteritis involving obstetric or cardiovascular events. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014 Sep;40(9):2031-6. doi: 10.1111/jog.12443.
  • Kirshenbaum M, Simchen MJ. Pregnancy outcome in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis: cohort study and review of the literature. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2018 Nov;31(21):2877-83. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1359529.
  • Johnston SL, Lock RJ, Gompels MM. Takayasu arteritis: A review. J Clin Pathol. 2002 Jul;55(7):481-6. doi: 10.1136/jcp.55.7.481.
  • Nguyen V, Wuebbolt D, Pagnoux C, D'Souza R. Pregnancy outcomes in women with primary systemic vasculitis: a retrospective study. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2021 Sep;34(17):2771-7. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1671329.
  • Pagnoux C, Le Guern V, Goffinet F, Diot E, Limal N, Pannier E, Warzocha U, Tsatsaris V, Dhote R, Karras A, Cohen P, Damade R, Mouthon L, Guillevin L. Pregnancies in systemic necrotizing vasculitides: Report on 12 women and their 20 pregnancies. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2011 May;50(5):953-61. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq421.
  • Chen JS, Roberts CL, Simpson JM, March LM. Pregnancy outcomes in women with rare autoimmune diseases. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Dec;67(12):3314-23. doi: 10.1002/art.39311.
  • Fredi M, Lazzaroni MG, Tani C, Ramoni V, Gerosa M, Inverardi F, Sfriso P, Caramaschi P, Andreoli L, Sinico RA, Motta M, Lojacono A, Trespidi L, Strigini F, Brucato A, Caporali R, Doria A, Guillevin L, Meroni PL, Montecucco C, Mosca M, Tincani A. Systemic vasculitis and pregnancy: A multicenter study on maternal and neonatal outcome of 65 prospectively followed pregnancies. Autoimmun Rev. 2015 Aug;14(8):686-91. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.03.009.
  • Papandony MC, Brady SRE, Aw TJ. Vasculitis or fibromuscular dysplasia? Med J Aust. 2015 Feb 2;202(2):100-1. doi: 10.5694/mja14.00224.

Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with Takayasu’s arteritis: single center experience over ten years

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4, 224 - 233, 29.10.2023

Burcu Yağız Belkıs Nihan Coşkun Orkun Sakar Hüseyin Ediz Dalkılıç Yavuz Pehlivan

https://doi.org/10.46310/tjim.1290999

Öz

Background: This study aims to assess pregnant women's maternal and fetal outcomes with Takayasu’s arteritis (TA).
Material and Methods: The study comprised ten pregnant women at the time of diagnosis or afterwards among the 50 patients diagnosed with TA between 2003 and 2021. Twenty-one pregnancy outcomes of 10 patients were obtained from hospital records and telephonic interviews. Two pregnancies were excluded due to timing before diagnosis.
Results: Based on the angiographic classification, six patients had type 1, two had type 2b, and two had type 1+4 TA. 63.15% of pregnancies were planned, and the rheumatologist approved 42.10%. Live birth occurred in 16 (84.2%) of 19 pregnancies, three pregnancies (15.7%) resulted in abortion and two (10.5 %) of 19 pregnancies ended in neonatal death. In five (26.3%) of the 19 pregnancies, the disease was activated during pregnancy. Two neonatal deaths were from the two patients diagnosed with preeclampsia during pregnancy. Pre-existing hypertension and active disease are shared features of these two patients. After one year of follow-up, six pregnancies (31.5%) had active disease, and four (66.6%) had active disease both before and during pregnancy. While fetal data analysis revealed no congenital anomalies, four pregnancies resulted in low birth weight and intrauterine growth retardation (21.05%).
Conclusions: The risk of developing preeclampsia and neonatal death should be considered, especially in TA patients with pre-existing hypertension who become pregnant during active disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Disease activity pregnancy outcomes pre-existing hypertension Takayasu arteritis

Kaynakça

  • Nalini S, Santa SA. Takayasu arteritis with bilateral renal artery stenosis and left subclavian artery stenosis in pregnancy. J Clin Diagn Res. 2015 Sep;9(9):QD07-8. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2015/14371.6485.
  • Machen L, Clowse ME. Vasculitis and pregnancy. Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2017 May;43(2):239-47. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2016.12.005.
  • Gudbrandsson B, Wallenius M, Garen T, Henriksen T, Molberg Ø, Palm Ø. Takayasu arteritis and pregnancy: A population-based study on outcomes and mother/child-related concerns. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2017 Sep;69(9):1384-90. doi: 10.1002/acr.23146.
  • David LS, Beck MM, Kumar M, Rajan SJ, Danda D, Vijayaselvi R. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with Takayasu’s arteritis: single centre experience over five years. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc. 2020 Mar 6;21(1):15-23. doi: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2019.2019.0115.
  • Singh S, Pati A, Mohakud S, Behera DR. Takayasu’s arteritis in pregnancy: Challenges during the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic for optimal maternal and neonatal outcomes. Cureus. 2020 Dec 30;12(12):e12386. doi: 10.7759/cureus.12386.
  • Dalkilic E, Coskun BN, Yağız B, Pehlivan Y. A successful pregnancy in a patient with Takayasu’s arteritis under tocilizumab treatment: A longitudinal case study. Int J Rheum Dis. 2019 Oct;22(10):1941-4. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.13687.
  • Comarmond C, Saadoun D, Nizard J, Cacoub P. Pregnancy issues in Takayasu arteritis. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2020 Oct;50(5):911-4. doi: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2020.08.001.
  • Marwah S, Rajput M, Mohindra R, Gaikwad HS, Sharma M, Topden SR. Takayasu’s arteritis in pregnancy: A rare case report from a tertiary care infirmary in India. Case Rep Obstet Gynecol. 2017:2017:2403451. doi: 10.1155/2017/2403451.
  • Zhang Y, Li Y, Zhang J. Clinical analysis: 13 cases of pregnancy complicated with Takayasu arteritis. Ginekol Pol. 2017;88(12):654-61. doi: 10.5603/GP.a2017.0117.
  • Gatto M, Iaccarino L, Canova M, Zen M, Nalotto L, Ramonda R, Punzi L, Doria A. Pregnancy and vasculitis: A systematic review of the literature. Autoimmun Rev. 2012 May;11(6-7):A447-59. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.11.019.
  • Pagnoux C, Mahendira D, Laskin CA. Fertility and pregnancy in vasculitis. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2013 Feb;27(1):79-94. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2013.02.002.
  • Langford CA, Kerr GS. Pregnancy in vasculitis. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2002 Jan;14(1):36-41. doi: 10.1097/00002281-200201000-00007.
  • Doria A, Bajocchi G, Tonon M, Salvarani C. Pre-pregnancy counselling of patients with vasculitis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008; 47 Suppl 3:iii13-5. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken152.
  • Miyasaka N, Egawa M, Isobe M, Inoue Y, Kubota T. Obstetrical management of patients with extra-anatomic vascular bypass grafts due to Takayasu arteritis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2016 Dec;42(12):1864-9. doi: 10.1111/jog.13139.
  • Abisror N, Mekinian A, Hachulla E, Lambert M, Morel N, Chapelon C, Martis N, Fuzibet JG, Belenotti P, Swiader L, Dhote R, Mouthon L, Sarrot-Reynault F, Andre M, Amar S, Gauthier JB, Cathebras P, Neel A, Vandergheynst F, Rondeau M, Fur A, Renou F, Godeau B, Devaux B, Veyssier-Belot C, Cacoub P, Pourrat O, Haroche J, Maurier F, Lahuna C, Fain O, Guillevin L, Le Guern V, Costedoat-Chalumeau N. Analysis of risk factors for complications and adverse obstetrical outcomes in women with Takayasu arteritis: a French retrospective study and literature review. Clin Rheumatol. 2020 Sep;39(9):2707-2713. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05024-4.
  • Arend WP, Michel BA, Bloch DA, Hunder GG, Calabrese LH, Edworthy SM, Fauci AS, Leavitt RY, Lie JT, Lightfoot RW Jr, et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Takayasu arteritis. Arthritis Rheum. 1990 Aug;33(8):1129-34. doi: 10.1002/art.1780330811.
  • Hata A, Noda M, Moriwaki R, Numano F. Angiographic findings of Takayasu arteritis: New classification. Int J Cardiol. 1996 Aug:54 Suppl:S155-63. doi: 10.1016/s0167-5273(96)02813-6.
  • Ishikawa K. Natural history and classification of occlusive thromboaortopathy (Takayasu’s disease). Circulation. 1978 Jan;57(1):27-35. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.57.1.27.
  • WHO International statistical classification of diseases and related health problems. 10th revision. Volume 2: Instruction manual. Geneva; World Health Organization; Available at: https://www.who.int/classifications/icd/ICD10Volume2en_2010.pdf,. WHO Libr Cat Data. 2010.
  • Corton M, Leveno K, Bloom S, Spong C, Dashe J. Williams Obstetrics. 24th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2014.
  • Pyo JY, Song JJ, Park YB, Lee SW. Pregnancy morbidities in Korean patients with Takayasu arteritis: A monocentric pilot study. Yonsei Med J. 2020 Nov;61(11):970-975. doi: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.11.970.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). Stillbirth. Available at: www.who.int/maternal_child_adolescent/epidemiology/stillbirth/en. Accessed April 26th, 2022.
  • Zacharias N. Perinatal mortality. 2020 UpToDate. Available at: www.uptodate.com/contents/perinatal-mortality 2021. Accessed April 26th, 2022.
  • Misra R, Danda D, Rajappa SM, Ghosh A, Gupta R, Mahendranath KM, Jeyaseelan L, Lawrence A, Bacon PA; Indian Rheumatology Vasculitis (IRAVAS) group. Development and initial validation of the Indian Takayasu Clinical Activity Score (ITAS2010). Rheumatology (Oxford). 2013 Oct;52(10):1795-801. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ket128.
  • Bharuthram N, Tikly M. Pregnancy and Takayasu arteritis: case-based review. Rheumatol Int. 2020 May;40(5):799-809. doi: 10.1007/s00296-019-04499-y.
  • Ross C, D’Souza R, Pagnoux C. Pregnancy outcomes in systemic vasculitides. Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2020 Aug 26;22(10):63. doi: 10.1007/s11926-020-00940-5.
  • Tanacan A, Unal C, Yucesoy HM, Duru SA, Beksac MS. Management and evaluation of pregnant women with Takayasu arteritis. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2019 Jan;299(1):79-88. doi: 10.1007/s00404-018-4927-x.
  • Alpay-Kanitez N, Omma A, Erer B, Artim-Esen B, Gül A, Inanç M, Öcal L, Kamali S. Favourable pregnancy outcome in Takayasu arteritis: a single-centre experience. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2015 Mar-Apr;33(2 Suppl 89):S-7-10.
  • Singh N, Tyagi S, Tripathi R, Mala YM. Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with Takayasu aortoarteritis: Does optimally timed intervention in women with renal artery involvement improve pregnancy outcome? Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Oct;54(5):597-602. doi: 10.1016/j.tjog.2015.08.014.
  • Comarmond C, Mirault T, Biard L, Nizard J, Lambert M, Wechsler B, Hachulla E, Chiche L, Koskas F, Gaudric J, Cluzel P, Messas E, Resche-Rigon M, Piette JC, Cacoub P, Saadoun D; French Takayasu Network. Takayasu arteritis and pregnancy. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Dec;67(12):3262-9. doi: 10.1002/art.39335.
  • Jacquemyn Y, Vercauteren M. Pregnancy and Takayasu’s arteritis of the pulmonary artery. J Obstet Gynaecol (Lahore). 2005 Jan;25(1):63-5. doi: 10.1080/01443610400026042.
  • Tanaka H, Tanaka K, Kamiya C, Iwanaga N, Yoshimatsu J. Analysis of pregnancies in women with Takayasu arteritis: Complication of Takayasu arteritis involving obstetric or cardiovascular events. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2014 Sep;40(9):2031-6. doi: 10.1111/jog.12443.
  • Kirshenbaum M, Simchen MJ. Pregnancy outcome in patients with Takayasu’s arteritis: cohort study and review of the literature. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2018 Nov;31(21):2877-83. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1359529.
  • Johnston SL, Lock RJ, Gompels MM. Takayasu arteritis: A review. J Clin Pathol. 2002 Jul;55(7):481-6. doi: 10.1136/jcp.55.7.481.
  • Nguyen V, Wuebbolt D, Pagnoux C, D'Souza R. Pregnancy outcomes in women with primary systemic vasculitis: a retrospective study. J Matern Neonatal Med. 2021 Sep;34(17):2771-7. doi: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1671329.
  • Pagnoux C, Le Guern V, Goffinet F, Diot E, Limal N, Pannier E, Warzocha U, Tsatsaris V, Dhote R, Karras A, Cohen P, Damade R, Mouthon L, Guillevin L. Pregnancies in systemic necrotizing vasculitides: Report on 12 women and their 20 pregnancies. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2011 May;50(5):953-61. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keq421.
  • Chen JS, Roberts CL, Simpson JM, March LM. Pregnancy outcomes in women with rare autoimmune diseases. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Dec;67(12):3314-23. doi: 10.1002/art.39311.
  • Fredi M, Lazzaroni MG, Tani C, Ramoni V, Gerosa M, Inverardi F, Sfriso P, Caramaschi P, Andreoli L, Sinico RA, Motta M, Lojacono A, Trespidi L, Strigini F, Brucato A, Caporali R, Doria A, Guillevin L, Meroni PL, Montecucco C, Mosca M, Tincani A. Systemic vasculitis and pregnancy: A multicenter study on maternal and neonatal outcome of 65 prospectively followed pregnancies. Autoimmun Rev. 2015 Aug;14(8):686-91. doi: 10.1016/j.autrev.2015.03.009.
  • Papandony MC, Brady SRE, Aw TJ. Vasculitis or fibromuscular dysplasia? Med J Aust. 2015 Feb 2;202(2):100-1. doi: 10.5694/mja14.00224.
Toplam 39 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İç Hastalıkları
Bölüm Original Articles
Yazarlar

Burcu Yağız 0000-0002-0624-1986

Belkıs Nihan Coşkun 0000-0003-0298-4157

Orkun Sakar Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-1624-4339

Hüseyin Ediz Dalkılıç 0000-0001-8645-2670

Yavuz Pehlivan 0000-0002-7054-5351

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 2 Mayıs 2023
Kabul Tarihi 28 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

EndNote Yağız B, Coşkun BN, Sakar O, Dalkılıç HE, Pehlivan Y (01 Ekim 2023) Maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnant women with Takayasu’s arteritis: single center experience over ten years. Turkish Journal of Internal Medicine 5 4 224–233.
 Kapak Resmi İndir

e-ISSN: 2687-4245 

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