Öz
Purpose: Medlar (M. germanica ) is a durable plants which have hard fruits. In this study, it was aimed to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and DNA protective effects of both fruit and seed extracts of medlar.
Methods: Antioxidant capacities of extracts of medlar was determined by using the DPPH method, Folin-Ciocaltaeu method was used for total phenolic content and also the antimicrobial effect of the extract against 16 bacteria was investigated.
Results: As a result of the study, the possible protective effect of medlar fruit extracts obtained at different concentrations against DNA damage was determined. In addition, it was revealed that the total phenolic contents and radical scavenging activities of the seed extracts were higher than the fruits extracts. While the medlar seed extract used in the study did not show any effect against bacteria, the fruit extract of this plant had various effects on the bacteria used. It was determined that both UV and H2O2 damaged the medlar DNA, but the application of both stresses together was more harmful.
Conclusion: According to the results obtained, it was observed that M. germanica could provide protection against oxidative stress in the cell.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antimicrobial DNA protective effect Free radical scavenging Mespilus germanica Phenolic contents
Kaynakça
- Alkadi, H. A review on free radicals and antioxidants (2020). Infectious Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Infectious Disorders), 20(1), 16-26.
- Badavi, M., Mehrgerdi, F. Z., Sarkaki, A., Naseri, M. K., and Dianat M. (2008). Effect of grape seed extract on lead induced hypertension and heart rate in rat. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 11, 882-887.
- Bibalani, G.H. and Mosazadeh-Sayadmahale, F. (2012). Medicinal benefits and usage of medlar (Mespilus germanica) in Gilan Province (Roudsar District). Iran Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6, 1155-1159.
- Bignami, C. Il nespolo comune. L’Informace Agrario, 2000, 25, 43-46. Browicz, K. Mespilus, L. (1972). In: P. H. Davis (ed). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press.
- Bursal, E., Köksal, E., Gülçin, İ., Bilsel, G. and Gören, A.C. (2013). Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of cherry stem (Cerasus avium L.) determined by LC–MS/MS. Food Research International, 51(1), 66-74.
- Campanella, L., Bonannı, A., Favero, G. and Tomassettı, M. (2003). Determination of antioxidant properties of aromatic herbs, olives and fresh fruit using an enzymatic sensor. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 375, 1011-1016.
- Davoodi, A., Jouybari, H. B., Fathi, H., & Ebrahimnejad, P. (2018). Formulation and physicochemical evaluation of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) and oak (quercus castaneifolia ca mey.) effervescent tablets. Int J Pharm Sci Res, 9(9), 3870-5
- Dorman, H. D. and Deans, S. G. Antimicrobial agents from plants: Antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils’, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2000, 88(2), 308-16.
- Ercisli, S., Sengul, M., Yildiz, H., Sener, D., Duralija, B., Voca, S., and Purgar, D. (2012). Phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of medlar fruits (Mespilus germanica L.). Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 85, 86-90.
- Gill, T., Kumar, M., Kumar, S. and Kaur, S. (2011). DNA-protective effect of extract/fractions from Centella asiatica (L.) urban in single cell gel electrophoresis assay. Spatula DD-Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery, 1.4, 207-212.
- Gülçin, İ., Topal, F., Sarikaya, S. B. Ö., Bursal, E., Bilsel, G., and Gören, A. C. (2011). Polyphenol contents and antioxidant properties of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.). Records of Natural Products, 5, 158-175.
- Halliwell, B. and Aruoma, O. I. (1991). DNA damage by oxygen-derived species. Its mechanism and measurement in mammalian systems. FEBS Lett, 1991, 281(1-2), 9-19.
- Kiokias, S.; Proestos, C.; Oreopoulou, V. (2020). Beneficial Health Properties of Common Natural Phenolic Acids. Encyclopedia/, 2020.https://encyclopedia.pub/1205 (accessed on 13 January 2021).
- Lee, E.J. and Hae-Dong, J. (2004). Antioxidant activity and protective effect on DNA strand scission of Rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis). Biofactors, 2004, 21(1-4), 285-292.
- Li, H., Zhou, X., Huang, Y., Liao, B., Cheng, L., & Ren, B (2021). Reactive oxygen species in pathogen clearance: The killing mechanisms, the adaption response, and the side effects. Frontiers in microbiology, 11, 622534.
- Llauradó Maury, G., Méndez Rodríguez, et al. (2020). Antioxidants in plants: A valorization potential emphasizing the need for the conservation of plant biodiversity in Cuba. Antioxidants, 9(11), 1048.
- Lobo, V., Patil Phatak, A. and Chandra, N. (2010). Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods. Impact on human health. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 4(8), 118.
- Metgud, R. and Saumya, B. (2014). Evaluation of salivary and serum lipid peroxidation, and glutathione in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of Oral Science, 56(2), 135-142.
- Oktay, M., Gülçin, İ., Küfrevioglu, Ö.İ. (2003). Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed extracts. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie, 36, 263-271.
- Psotova, J., Svobodova, A., Kolarova, H., and Walterova, D. (2006). Photoprotective properties of Prunella vulgaris and rosmarinic acid on human keratinocytes. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology Biology, 84, 167-174.
- Ramos, A. A., Azqueta, A., Pereira-Wilson, C., and Collins, A. R. (2010). Polyphenolic compounds from Salvia species protect cellular DNA from oxidation and stimulate DNA repair in cultured human cells. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, 7465-7471.
- Sarikurkcu, C. (2011). Antioxidant activities of solvent extracts from endemic Cyclamen Mirabile Hildebr tubers and leaves. African Journal Biotechnology, 10, 831-839.
- Serteser, A., Kargioğlu, M., Gök, V., Bağci, Y., Özcan, M. X M., and Arslan, D. (2008). Determination of antioxidant effects of some plant species wild growing in Turkey. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, , 59, 643-651.
- Silihe, K. K., Zingue, S., et al. Creczynski-Pasa, T. B. (2017). Ficus umbellata Vahl (Moraceae) stem bark extracts exert antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, , 18.6, 1073.
- Silva, J. P., Gomes, A. C., and Coutinho, O. P. (2008). Oxidative DNA damage protection and repair by polyphenolic compounds in PC12 cells. European Journal of Pharmacology, 601, 50-60.
- Slinkard, K. and Singleton, V.L. (1997). Total phenol analyses: Automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28, 49–55.
- Tabatabaei-Yazdi, F., Alizadeh-Behbahani, B., Zanganeh, H. (2015). The comparison of antibacterial activity of Mespilus germanica extracts with a variety of common therapeutic antibiotics in vitro. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 15, 29-34.
- Vattem, D. A., Jang, H. D., Levin, R., and Shetty, K. (2006). Synergism of cranberry phenolics with ellagic acid and rosmarinic acid for antimutagenic and DNA protection functions. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 30, 98-116.
- Vostálová, J., Zdařilová, A., and Svobodová, A. (2010). Prunella vulgaris extract and rosmarinic acid prevent UVB-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes’, Archives of Dermatological Research, 302(3), 171-181.
- WHO, 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antibiotic-resistance. Yang, C.F., Shen, H.M. and Ong, C.N. (1999). Protective effect of ebselen against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in HepG2 cells. Biochemical Pharmacology, 57(3), 273-279.
- Zgoda, J.R. and Porter, J.R. (2011). A convenient microdilution method for screening natural products against bacteria and fungi. Pharmaceutical Microbiology, 39, 221-225.
- Żołnierczyk, A. K., Ciałek, S., Styczyńska, M., Oziembłowski, M. (2021). Functional properties of fruits of common medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) extract. Applied Sciences, 11(16), 7528.
Öz
Amaç: Muşmula (M. germanica ) sert meyveleri olan dayanıklı bir bitkidir. Bu çalışmada muşmulanın hem meyve hem de tokum ekstraktının antioksidan, antimikrobiyal aktivitesi ve DNA koruyucu etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Muşmula ekstraktlarının antioksidan kapasitesi DPPH yöntemi kullanılarak belirlenmiş, toplam fenolik içerik için Folin-Ciocaltaeu yöntemi kullanılmış ve ayrıca ekstraktın 16 bakteriye karşı antimikrobiyal etkisi araştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma sonucunda farklı konsantrasyonlarda elde edilen muşmula meyve ekstraktların DNA hasarına karşı olası koruyucu etkisi belirlendi. Bunun yanı sıra tohum ekstraktlarının toplam fenolik içeriklerinin ve radikal yakalama aktivitelerinin meyve ekstraktından daha yüksek olduğu ortaya çıktı. Çalışmada kullanılan muşmula tohum ekstraktını bakterilere karşı herhangi bir etki göstermezken,bu bitkinin meyve ekstraktının kullanılan bakteriler üzerinde çeşitli etkileri oldu.Hem UV'nin hemde H2O2’nin muşmula DNA'sına zarar verdiği ancak her iki stresin birlikte uygulamasının daha zararlı olduğu belirlendi.
Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, M. germanica hücrede oksidatif strese karşı koruma sağlayabildiği gözlendi.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antimikrobiyal; ; DNA koruyucu etki Serbest radikal süpürücü Mespilus germanica Fenolik içerik
Kaynakça
- Alkadi, H. A review on free radicals and antioxidants (2020). Infectious Disorders-Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets-Infectious Disorders), 20(1), 16-26.
- Badavi, M., Mehrgerdi, F. Z., Sarkaki, A., Naseri, M. K., and Dianat M. (2008). Effect of grape seed extract on lead induced hypertension and heart rate in rat. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 11, 882-887.
- Bibalani, G.H. and Mosazadeh-Sayadmahale, F. (2012). Medicinal benefits and usage of medlar (Mespilus germanica) in Gilan Province (Roudsar District). Iran Journal of Medicinal Plants Research, 6, 1155-1159.
- Bignami, C. Il nespolo comune. L’Informace Agrario, 2000, 25, 43-46. Browicz, K. Mespilus, L. (1972). In: P. H. Davis (ed). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. Edinburgh, Edinburgh University Press.
- Bursal, E., Köksal, E., Gülçin, İ., Bilsel, G. and Gören, A.C. (2013). Antioxidant activity and polyphenol content of cherry stem (Cerasus avium L.) determined by LC–MS/MS. Food Research International, 51(1), 66-74.
- Campanella, L., Bonannı, A., Favero, G. and Tomassettı, M. (2003). Determination of antioxidant properties of aromatic herbs, olives and fresh fruit using an enzymatic sensor. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 375, 1011-1016.
- Davoodi, A., Jouybari, H. B., Fathi, H., & Ebrahimnejad, P. (2018). Formulation and physicochemical evaluation of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) and oak (quercus castaneifolia ca mey.) effervescent tablets. Int J Pharm Sci Res, 9(9), 3870-5
- Dorman, H. D. and Deans, S. G. Antimicrobial agents from plants: Antibacterial activity of plant volatile oils’, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2000, 88(2), 308-16.
- Ercisli, S., Sengul, M., Yildiz, H., Sener, D., Duralija, B., Voca, S., and Purgar, D. (2012). Phytochemical and antioxidant characteristics of medlar fruits (Mespilus germanica L.). Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, 85, 86-90.
- Gill, T., Kumar, M., Kumar, S. and Kaur, S. (2011). DNA-protective effect of extract/fractions from Centella asiatica (L.) urban in single cell gel electrophoresis assay. Spatula DD-Peer Reviewed Journal on Complementary Medicine and Drug Discovery, 1.4, 207-212.
- Gülçin, İ., Topal, F., Sarikaya, S. B. Ö., Bursal, E., Bilsel, G., and Gören, A. C. (2011). Polyphenol contents and antioxidant properties of medlar (Mespilus germanica L.). Records of Natural Products, 5, 158-175.
- Halliwell, B. and Aruoma, O. I. (1991). DNA damage by oxygen-derived species. Its mechanism and measurement in mammalian systems. FEBS Lett, 1991, 281(1-2), 9-19.
- Kiokias, S.; Proestos, C.; Oreopoulou, V. (2020). Beneficial Health Properties of Common Natural Phenolic Acids. Encyclopedia/, 2020.https://encyclopedia.pub/1205 (accessed on 13 January 2021).
- Lee, E.J. and Hae-Dong, J. (2004). Antioxidant activity and protective effect on DNA strand scission of Rooibos tea (Aspalathus linearis). Biofactors, 2004, 21(1-4), 285-292.
- Li, H., Zhou, X., Huang, Y., Liao, B., Cheng, L., & Ren, B (2021). Reactive oxygen species in pathogen clearance: The killing mechanisms, the adaption response, and the side effects. Frontiers in microbiology, 11, 622534.
- Llauradó Maury, G., Méndez Rodríguez, et al. (2020). Antioxidants in plants: A valorization potential emphasizing the need for the conservation of plant biodiversity in Cuba. Antioxidants, 9(11), 1048.
- Lobo, V., Patil Phatak, A. and Chandra, N. (2010). Free radicals, antioxidants and functional foods. Impact on human health. Pharmacognosy Reviews, 4(8), 118.
- Metgud, R. and Saumya, B. (2014). Evaluation of salivary and serum lipid peroxidation, and glutathione in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Journal of Oral Science, 56(2), 135-142.
- Oktay, M., Gülçin, İ., Küfrevioglu, Ö.İ. (2003). Determination of in vitro antioxidant activity of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) seed extracts. Lebensmittel-Wissenschaft und-Technologie, 36, 263-271.
- Psotova, J., Svobodova, A., Kolarova, H., and Walterova, D. (2006). Photoprotective properties of Prunella vulgaris and rosmarinic acid on human keratinocytes. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology Biology, 84, 167-174.
- Ramos, A. A., Azqueta, A., Pereira-Wilson, C., and Collins, A. R. (2010). Polyphenolic compounds from Salvia species protect cellular DNA from oxidation and stimulate DNA repair in cultured human cells. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 58, 7465-7471.
- Sarikurkcu, C. (2011). Antioxidant activities of solvent extracts from endemic Cyclamen Mirabile Hildebr tubers and leaves. African Journal Biotechnology, 10, 831-839.
- Serteser, A., Kargioğlu, M., Gök, V., Bağci, Y., Özcan, M. X M., and Arslan, D. (2008). Determination of antioxidant effects of some plant species wild growing in Turkey. International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition, , 59, 643-651.
- Silihe, K. K., Zingue, S., et al. Creczynski-Pasa, T. B. (2017). Ficus umbellata Vahl (Moraceae) stem bark extracts exert antitumor activities in vitro and in vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, , 18.6, 1073.
- Silva, J. P., Gomes, A. C., and Coutinho, O. P. (2008). Oxidative DNA damage protection and repair by polyphenolic compounds in PC12 cells. European Journal of Pharmacology, 601, 50-60.
- Slinkard, K. and Singleton, V.L. (1997). Total phenol analyses: Automation and comparison with manual methods. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 28, 49–55.
- Tabatabaei-Yazdi, F., Alizadeh-Behbahani, B., Zanganeh, H. (2015). The comparison of antibacterial activity of Mespilus germanica extracts with a variety of common therapeutic antibiotics in vitro. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Sciences, 15, 29-34.
- Vattem, D. A., Jang, H. D., Levin, R., and Shetty, K. (2006). Synergism of cranberry phenolics with ellagic acid and rosmarinic acid for antimutagenic and DNA protection functions. Journal of Food Biochemistry, 30, 98-116.
- Vostálová, J., Zdařilová, A., and Svobodová, A. (2010). Prunella vulgaris extract and rosmarinic acid prevent UVB-induced DNA damage and oxidative stress in HaCaT keratinocytes’, Archives of Dermatological Research, 302(3), 171-181.
- WHO, 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/antibiotic-resistance. Yang, C.F., Shen, H.M. and Ong, C.N. (1999). Protective effect of ebselen against hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and DNA damage in HepG2 cells. Biochemical Pharmacology, 57(3), 273-279.
- Zgoda, J.R. and Porter, J.R. (2011). A convenient microdilution method for screening natural products against bacteria and fungi. Pharmaceutical Microbiology, 39, 221-225.
- Żołnierczyk, A. K., Ciałek, S., Styczyńska, M., Oziembłowski, M. (2021). Functional properties of fruits of common medlar (Mespilus germanica L.) extract. Applied Sciences, 11(16), 7528.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Klinik Tıp Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 21 Eylül 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 14 Nisan 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 5 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2 |
