Öz
Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the preventable health conditions and the most common genital system cancer following endometrial adenocarcinoma. The study aims to determine the knowledge, attitudes and behaviour of women towards early diagnosis of cervical cancer.
Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive in natüre conducted on women who presented to primary health care institutions in between January- March 2017. A total of 300 married women constituted the study population and were administered the questionnaire on “Information Collecting Form” and “The Scale of Attitudes towards Early Detection of Cervical Cancer” (SAEDCC) were used for data collection.
Results: The mean age of the respondents was 35.25 ± 9.04, 42.0% of women have taken Pap smear test and 32.0% have taken the regular gynaecological examination. There was a significant association between the educational groups in terms of pap smear seriousness, barriers and benefits points (P<0.05). It was found that, the status of knowledge about Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) which is one of the factors causing cervical cancer, symptoms of cervical cancer, and protection methods against cervical cancer affected behaviour for having pap smear test, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).
Conclusion: The knowledge and applications of women towards early diagnosis of cervical cancer were insufficient. Women should, therefore, be trained about early diagnosis of cervical cancer by public health nurses, gained healthcare behaviour about early diagnosis applications, these applications should become widespread, and the continuity should be provided.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cervical cancer, early screening, Pap smear, gynaecological examination, education.
Kaynakça
- Referans1 Globocan (2018). International agency for research on cancer. cervical cancer estimated ıncidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide in 2018. Retrieved 14 April, 2021 from http://globocan.iarc.fr.
- Referans2 TUIK (2020) Death sentence statistics. Retrieved 20 March, 2021 from http://www.tuik.gov.tr Referans3 Assessing national capacity for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: report of the 2019 global survey. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
- Referans4 The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (2010). The report of the parliamentary inquiry commission established to determine the precautions to be taken by researching the issue of cancer disease (Report No. 648 Semester: 23, Legislative Year:5). Ankara: Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
- Referans5 Kling, M., Zeichner, J.A. (2010). The Role Of The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine İn Developing Countries. Int J Dermatology, 49(4),377-79.
- Referans6 Nazlıcan, E., Akbaba, M., Koyuncu, H., Savaş, N., Karaca, B. (2010). Cervical Cancer Screening İn Women Between The Ages Of 35-40 İn Hatay Province Kisecik Region. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 9(5),471-74.
- Referans7 T. C. Ministry of Health (2017). Turkey cancer statistics, Ankara. Retrieved 20 Feb, 2021 from http://kanser.gov.tr/dosya/2017
- Referans8 Kaiser Permanente Care Management Institute (2016). Retrieved 5 May, 2021 from www.guideline.gov.
- Referans9 Taşkın, L. (2011). Birth and Women Nursing. Ankara: Palme Publishing.
- Referans10 Gümüs, A, Cam, O. (2011). Relationships Between Early Diagnosis Attitudes And Self-Esteem, Body Perception And Hopelessness For Women With Cervical Cancer, Nobel Medicus 2011;7(3):46-52.
- Referans11 Aydogdu, G., Capik, N., Ersin, F., et al. (2016). The Reliability and Validity of Prostate Cancer Fatalism Inventory in Turkish Language. J Religion Health, 56(5),1670-82.,
- Referans12 Johnson, G., Orbell, S., Crombie, I., et al. (1996). Women's Preferences For Cervical Screening: Who, Where And When, J Health Educ, 55,84-91.
- Referans13 Thomas, E.C. (2004). African American women's breast memories, cancer beliefs and screening behaviors. Cancer Nurs, 27, 295-302.
- Referans14 Kolutek, R., Karataş, N. (2007). Determination Of Cancer Risk Factors And Early Diagnosis İn İndividuals Living İn Nevşehir Province Uchisar Town, J Health Sciences, 16(1), 28-39.
- Referans15 Barut, A. (2000). Early Diagnosis and Treatment in Cervical Cancer. Sted, 9(3),97.
- Referans16 International Council of Nurses (ICN). Delivering Quality, Serving Communities: Nurses Leading Primary Health Care. International Nurses Day Kit, Geneva. Retrieved 21 March, 2021 from http://www.icn.ch
- Referans17 Juon, H.S., Seung-Lee, C. (2003). Predictors Of Regular Pap Smears Among Korean American Women. Preventive Medicine, 37(6),585-92.
- Referans18 Ozmen,D., Ozsoy, S.A. (2009). Attitude Scale For Early Diagnosis Of Cervical Cancer By Health Belief Model Approach. Ege University Nursing School Magazine, 25(1),51-69.
- Referans19 Nazlıcan, E., et al. (2010). Cervical Cancer Screening in Women 35-40 Years Old in Hatay City Kisecik Region.TAF Prev Med Bulletin, 9(5),471-74.
- Referans20 Uluocak, T., Bekar, M. (2012). Determination Of Knowledge And Attitudes Of Cervical Cancer Patients İn Women Health Workers. Turkish J Gynecological Oncology, 15(2),50-57.
- Referans21 Gökgöz, N., Aktaş, D. (2015). Determination Of Awareness Levels Of Women With Cervical Cancer And Pap Smear Test. Retrieved 27 April, 2021 from Yıldırım Beyazıt University Health Sciences Faculty Nursing E-Journal. file: /// C: / Users / Pc / downloads / 127-672-1-PB 20% (5) .pdf.
- Referans22 Fitch, M., Greenberg, M., Cava, M., Spaner, D., Taylor, K. (1998). Exploring The Barriers To Cervical Screening İn An Urban Canadian Setting. Cancer Nurse, 21(6),441-49.
- Referans23 Asılar Hacıhasanoğlu, R., Köse, S., Yıldırım, A. (2015). Knowledge, Beliefs And Behaviors Of Women With Cervical Cancer And Pap Smear Test. J Turkish Clinics, 7(2),102-11.
- Referans24 Ugur Gök, H., Aydin Avcı, İ.(2015). The Effect Of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors On Early Diagnosis Knowledge And Practice Of Women Who Applied To The Cancer Screening Center. Gümüşhane University J Health Sciences, 4(2),244-58.
- Referans25 Karabulutlu, Ö., Pasinlioğlu, T. (2016). Investigation Of Knowledge And Awareness Of Cervical Cancer Related Academicians Who Are Not Related To Health Care. Kafkas J Med Sci, 6(3),175-80
- Referans26 Do, H.H., Taylor, V.M., Burke, N., et al. (2007). Knowledge About Cervical Cancer Risk Factors, Traditional Health Beliefs, And Pap Testing Among Vietnamese American Women. J Immigrant Health, 9,109-14.
- Referans27 Islam, N., Kwon, S.C., Senie, R., Kathuria, N.(2006). Breast And Cervical Cancer Screening Among South Asian Women İn New York City. J Immigr Minor Health, 8,211-21.
- Referans28 Ozdemir, Ö, Bilgili, N. (2010). Knowledge And Practices Of Nurses Working İn A Training Hospital Early On Breast And Cervical Cancer. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 9(6),605-61
- Referans29 Duman, N., Kocak, D., Albayrak, S., Topuz, S., Yılmazel, G. (2015). Knowledge and Practices for Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening of Women Over the Age of Fourteen. G.O.P. Taksim E.A.H. JAREN, 1(1),30-38.
- Referans30 Isık, O., Celik, M., Keten, H., Dalgacı, A., Yildirim, F. (2016). Determination of the Knowledge Attitudes and Behavior of Female Doctors about Pap Smear Test. Journal of Cukurova Med., 41 (2): 291-98.
- Referans31 Ozan, et al.(2011). Determination Of The Knowledge Level Of Human Papilloma Virus And HPV Vaccine İn Patients Referred To The Obstetrics And Gynecology Clinic. J Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, 37(3),145-48.
- Referans32 Acıkgöz, A. (2010). Relationship Between Breast And Cervical Cancer Risk Levels And Use Of Early Diagnosis Services. Health Sciences Institute, Public Health Department. Graduate thesis, Izmir: Dokuz Eylül University.
- Referans33 Dogan, M. (2008). Cervical cancer risk factors and pap smear in women health care workers. Graduate thesis, Health Sciences Institute, Sivas:Department of Nursing.
- Referans34 Pinar, G., et al. (2010). Knowledge Levels Of HPV Vaccination And Cervical Cancer İn Women Who Applied To Başkent University Ankara Hospital Obstetrics And Gynecology Policlinic, Turkish J Gynecological Oncology, 13(1),11-18.
- Referans35 Wellensiek, N., Moodley, M., Moodley, J., Nkwanya, N. (2002). Knowledge of cervical cancer screening and use of cervical screening facilities among women from various socioeconomic backgrounds in Durban, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa, International J Gynecological Cancer, 12,376-82.
Öz
Giriş: Serviks kanseri önlenebilir sağlık durumlarından birisidir ve endometriyal adenokarsinomdan sonra en sık görülen genital sistem kanseridir.
Amaç: Çalışmanın amacı, kadınların serviks kanserinin erken teşhisine yönelik bilgi, tutum ve davranışlarını belirlemektir.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı araştırma ilkelerine uygun olarak planlanan bu çalışma Ocak-Mart 2017 tarihleri arasında birinci basamak sağlık kuruluşlarına başvuran kadınlar üzerinde yapılmıştır. Araştırma 300 katılımcı ile yürütülmüştür.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalamasının 35.2 ± 9.04 olduğu,%42.0’sinin Pap smear testi yaptırdığı, %32.0’sinin düzenli jinekolojik muayene yaptırdığı belirlenmiştir. Eğitim grupları arasında pap smear ciddiyet,engel ve yarar puanları açısından anlamlı bir farklılık görülmektedir (p<0.05). Serviks kanserine neden olan faktörlerden birisi olan Human Papilloma Virüsü hakkında bilgi, serviks kanseri belirtileri ve serviks kanserinden korunma yöntemlerini bilme durumunun da pap smear testi yaptırma davranışını etkilediği belirlenmiştir ve fark istatistiki olarak önemli bulunmuştur (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Kadınların serviks kanserine yönelik erken tanı bilgi ve uygulamalarının yetersizdir. Bu nedenle, halk sağlığı hemşireleri tarafından kadınlara serviks kanserinde erken tanıya yönelik eğitimlerin verilmesi, erken tanı uygulamaları ile ilgili sağlık davranışı kazandırılması, yaygınlaştırılması ve sürekliliğinin sağlanması önerilmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cervical cancer early screening gynaecological examination education
Kaynakça
- Referans1 Globocan (2018). International agency for research on cancer. cervical cancer estimated ıncidence, mortality and prevalence worldwide in 2018. Retrieved 14 April, 2021 from http://globocan.iarc.fr.
- Referans2 TUIK (2020) Death sentence statistics. Retrieved 20 March, 2021 from http://www.tuik.gov.tr Referans3 Assessing national capacity for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases: report of the 2019 global survey. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020.
- Referans4 The Grand National Assembly of Turkey (2010). The report of the parliamentary inquiry commission established to determine the precautions to be taken by researching the issue of cancer disease (Report No. 648 Semester: 23, Legislative Year:5). Ankara: Grand National Assembly of Turkey.
- Referans5 Kling, M., Zeichner, J.A. (2010). The Role Of The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine İn Developing Countries. Int J Dermatology, 49(4),377-79.
- Referans6 Nazlıcan, E., Akbaba, M., Koyuncu, H., Savaş, N., Karaca, B. (2010). Cervical Cancer Screening İn Women Between The Ages Of 35-40 İn Hatay Province Kisecik Region. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 9(5),471-74.
- Referans7 T. C. Ministry of Health (2017). Turkey cancer statistics, Ankara. Retrieved 20 Feb, 2021 from http://kanser.gov.tr/dosya/2017
- Referans8 Kaiser Permanente Care Management Institute (2016). Retrieved 5 May, 2021 from www.guideline.gov.
- Referans9 Taşkın, L. (2011). Birth and Women Nursing. Ankara: Palme Publishing.
- Referans10 Gümüs, A, Cam, O. (2011). Relationships Between Early Diagnosis Attitudes And Self-Esteem, Body Perception And Hopelessness For Women With Cervical Cancer, Nobel Medicus 2011;7(3):46-52.
- Referans11 Aydogdu, G., Capik, N., Ersin, F., et al. (2016). The Reliability and Validity of Prostate Cancer Fatalism Inventory in Turkish Language. J Religion Health, 56(5),1670-82.,
- Referans12 Johnson, G., Orbell, S., Crombie, I., et al. (1996). Women's Preferences For Cervical Screening: Who, Where And When, J Health Educ, 55,84-91.
- Referans13 Thomas, E.C. (2004). African American women's breast memories, cancer beliefs and screening behaviors. Cancer Nurs, 27, 295-302.
- Referans14 Kolutek, R., Karataş, N. (2007). Determination Of Cancer Risk Factors And Early Diagnosis İn İndividuals Living İn Nevşehir Province Uchisar Town, J Health Sciences, 16(1), 28-39.
- Referans15 Barut, A. (2000). Early Diagnosis and Treatment in Cervical Cancer. Sted, 9(3),97.
- Referans16 International Council of Nurses (ICN). Delivering Quality, Serving Communities: Nurses Leading Primary Health Care. International Nurses Day Kit, Geneva. Retrieved 21 March, 2021 from http://www.icn.ch
- Referans17 Juon, H.S., Seung-Lee, C. (2003). Predictors Of Regular Pap Smears Among Korean American Women. Preventive Medicine, 37(6),585-92.
- Referans18 Ozmen,D., Ozsoy, S.A. (2009). Attitude Scale For Early Diagnosis Of Cervical Cancer By Health Belief Model Approach. Ege University Nursing School Magazine, 25(1),51-69.
- Referans19 Nazlıcan, E., et al. (2010). Cervical Cancer Screening in Women 35-40 Years Old in Hatay City Kisecik Region.TAF Prev Med Bulletin, 9(5),471-74.
- Referans20 Uluocak, T., Bekar, M. (2012). Determination Of Knowledge And Attitudes Of Cervical Cancer Patients İn Women Health Workers. Turkish J Gynecological Oncology, 15(2),50-57.
- Referans21 Gökgöz, N., Aktaş, D. (2015). Determination Of Awareness Levels Of Women With Cervical Cancer And Pap Smear Test. Retrieved 27 April, 2021 from Yıldırım Beyazıt University Health Sciences Faculty Nursing E-Journal. file: /// C: / Users / Pc / downloads / 127-672-1-PB 20% (5) .pdf.
- Referans22 Fitch, M., Greenberg, M., Cava, M., Spaner, D., Taylor, K. (1998). Exploring The Barriers To Cervical Screening İn An Urban Canadian Setting. Cancer Nurse, 21(6),441-49.
- Referans23 Asılar Hacıhasanoğlu, R., Köse, S., Yıldırım, A. (2015). Knowledge, Beliefs And Behaviors Of Women With Cervical Cancer And Pap Smear Test. J Turkish Clinics, 7(2),102-11.
- Referans24 Ugur Gök, H., Aydin Avcı, İ.(2015). The Effect Of Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors On Early Diagnosis Knowledge And Practice Of Women Who Applied To The Cancer Screening Center. Gümüşhane University J Health Sciences, 4(2),244-58.
- Referans25 Karabulutlu, Ö., Pasinlioğlu, T. (2016). Investigation Of Knowledge And Awareness Of Cervical Cancer Related Academicians Who Are Not Related To Health Care. Kafkas J Med Sci, 6(3),175-80
- Referans26 Do, H.H., Taylor, V.M., Burke, N., et al. (2007). Knowledge About Cervical Cancer Risk Factors, Traditional Health Beliefs, And Pap Testing Among Vietnamese American Women. J Immigrant Health, 9,109-14.
- Referans27 Islam, N., Kwon, S.C., Senie, R., Kathuria, N.(2006). Breast And Cervical Cancer Screening Among South Asian Women İn New York City. J Immigr Minor Health, 8,211-21.
- Referans28 Ozdemir, Ö, Bilgili, N. (2010). Knowledge And Practices Of Nurses Working İn A Training Hospital Early On Breast And Cervical Cancer. TAF Preventive Medicine Bulletin, 9(6),605-61
- Referans29 Duman, N., Kocak, D., Albayrak, S., Topuz, S., Yılmazel, G. (2015). Knowledge and Practices for Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening of Women Over the Age of Fourteen. G.O.P. Taksim E.A.H. JAREN, 1(1),30-38.
- Referans30 Isık, O., Celik, M., Keten, H., Dalgacı, A., Yildirim, F. (2016). Determination of the Knowledge Attitudes and Behavior of Female Doctors about Pap Smear Test. Journal of Cukurova Med., 41 (2): 291-98.
- Referans31 Ozan, et al.(2011). Determination Of The Knowledge Level Of Human Papilloma Virus And HPV Vaccine İn Patients Referred To The Obstetrics And Gynecology Clinic. J Uludag University Faculty of Medicine, 37(3),145-48.
- Referans32 Acıkgöz, A. (2010). Relationship Between Breast And Cervical Cancer Risk Levels And Use Of Early Diagnosis Services. Health Sciences Institute, Public Health Department. Graduate thesis, Izmir: Dokuz Eylül University.
- Referans33 Dogan, M. (2008). Cervical cancer risk factors and pap smear in women health care workers. Graduate thesis, Health Sciences Institute, Sivas:Department of Nursing.
- Referans34 Pinar, G., et al. (2010). Knowledge Levels Of HPV Vaccination And Cervical Cancer İn Women Who Applied To Başkent University Ankara Hospital Obstetrics And Gynecology Policlinic, Turkish J Gynecological Oncology, 13(1),11-18.
- Referans35 Wellensiek, N., Moodley, M., Moodley, J., Nkwanya, N. (2002). Knowledge of cervical cancer screening and use of cervical screening facilities among women from various socioeconomic backgrounds in Durban, Kwazulu Natal, South Africa, International J Gynecological Cancer, 12,376-82.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Eylül 2022 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 22 Mart 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 3 |
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