Klinik Araştırma
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Türkiye'de COVID-19 Döneminde Gebelerin Düşünce ve Duyguları: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 542 - 550, 15.10.2023

Büşra Yılmaz Meltem Mecdi Kaydırak Nevin Hotun Şahin

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1215738

Öz

Amaç: Bu fenomenolojik çalışma, sağlıklı gebe kadınların COVID-19 sürecindeki deneyimlerini derinlemesine incelemek amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Örneklemi, 18 yaşından büyük, video konferans uygulamaları gibi uzaktan erişim uygulamalarını kullanabilen, iletişim sorunu olmayan ve gönüllü olarak katılmayı kabul eden 20 gebe oluşturdu. Her görüşme yaklaşık 45 dakika sürdü. Pandemi sürecinde gebelerin sosyodemografik, obstetrik özellikleri ile gebelikle ilgili duygu ve düşünceleri hakkında bilgi toplamak için yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formu kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Gebelerin yoğun üzüntü, stres, korku yaşadıkları saptandı. Hastalığın teşhisi, tedavisi ve pandeminin ne zaman sona ereceğine dair belirsizlik tüm gebeleri endişelendirdi. Sonuçlar, yaşanan yoğun endişe ve korkularla baş etmede eş, aile ve arkadaş desteğinin kilit rol oynadığını gösterdi.
Sonuç: Gebelerin çoğu COVID-19'a karşı aldıkları önlemlere büyük önem verdiklerini ve bu önlemlerin kendilerinin ve ailelerinin ruh sağlığını olumsuz etkilediğini belirtmişlerdir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaygı duygu pandemi gebelik Anxiety COVID-19

Kaynakça

  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020). Practice Advisory: Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID19). Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/ practice-advisory/ articles/2020/03/novel-coronavirus-2019
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Publications and information products from the National Center for Health Statistics. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/index.htm. 201 (cited 2020 November 10).
  • Corbett GA, Milne SJ, Hehir MP, Lindow SW, O’Connell MP. (2020). Health anxiety and behavioural changes of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 249, 1-3.
  • Davis-Floyd R, Gutschow K, Schwartz DA. (2020). Pregnancy, birth and the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Anthropology & Medicine, 39, 413-27.
  • Durankuş F, Aksu E. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: A preliminary study. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 1-7.
  • Fakari FR., Simbar M. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic and worries during pregnancy; A letter to editor. Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine. 8, 1-2.
  • Gildner TE., Thayer ZM. (2020). Birth plan alterations among American women in response to COVID-19. Health Expectations, 1-3.
  • Glover V. (2014). Maternal depression, anxiety and stress during pregnancy and child outcome; what needs to be done. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 28(1), 25-35.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Population and Health Survey [online]. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. 2019. (THS). Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
  • Hoyer J, Wieder G, Höfler M, Krause L, Wittchen HU, Martini J. (2020). Do lifetime anxiety disorders (anxiety liability) and pregnancy-related anxiety predict complications during pregnancy and delivery? Early Human Development, 144, 1-8.
  • Jiloha RC. (2020). COVID-19 and mental health. Epidemiology International, 5(1), 7-9.
  • Lebel C, MacKinnon A, Bagshawe M, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Giesbrecht, G. (2020). Elevated depression and anxiety among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv Preprints, 1-24.
  • Liu X, Chen M., Wang Y, Zhang H, Sun G, Baker PN, Luo X, Qi H. (2020). Prenatal anxiety and obstetric decisions among pregnant women in Wuhan and Chongqing during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A cross‐sectional study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 127, 1229-1240.
  • Mappa I, Distefano FA., Rizzo G. (2020). Effects of coronavirus-19 pandemic on maternal anxiety during pregnancy: A prospective observational study. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 1, 1-6.
  • Martini J, Petzoldt J, Einsle F, Beesdo-Baum K, Höfler M, Wittchen HU. (2015). Risk factors and course patterns of anxiety and depressive disorders during pregnancy and after delivery: a prospective-longitudinal study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 175, 385-395.
  • Palladino CL, Singh V, Campbell J, Flynn H, Gold KJ. (2011). Homicide and suicide during the perinatal period: findings from the National Violent Death Reporting System. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 118, 1056-1063.
  • Premkumar A, Cassimatis I, Berhie SH, Jao J, Cohn SE, Sutton SH. (2020). Home birth in the era of COVID-19: Counseling and preparation for pregnant persons living with HIV. American Journal of Perinatology, 37, 1038-1043.
  • Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in pregnancy. Information for healthcare professionals. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets /documents/guidelines/2020-03-21-covid19-pregnancy-guidance-2118.pdf
  • Siston AM, Rasmussen SA, Honein MA, Fry AM, Seib K, Callaghan WM, Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in Pregnancy Working Group. (2010). Pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus illness among pregnant women in the United States. JAMA, 303(15), 1517-1525.
  • Spiegelberg, H. (1976). The phenomenological movement: A historical introduction (2nd ed., Vols. 1 and 2). The Hague: Martinus Hijhoff.
  • Wong SF, Chow KM, Leung TN, Ng WF, Ng TK, Shek CC, Tan, PY. (2004). Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with severe acute respiratory syndrome. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 191(1), 292-297.
  • Woody C, Ferrari A, Siskind D, Whiteford HA, Harris MG. (2017). A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 219, 86-92.
  • World Health Organization. (2020). Novel coronavirus ‐ China. Disease outbreak news: Update. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.who.int/csr/don/12‐january‐2020‐novel‐coronavirus‐china/en/
  • World Health Organization. 2015. (WHO). WHO statement on caesarean section rates. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth /publications/maternal_perinatal_health/cs-tatement/ en/ (cited 2020 October 27)
  • Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, Fan J. (2020). Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women along with COVID-19 outbreak in China. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1-27.
  • Yue C, Liu C, Wang J, Zang M, Wu H, Li C, Yang X. (2020). Association between social support and anxiety among pregnant women in the third trimester during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Qingdao, China: The mediating effect of risk perception. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 1-8.

Thoughts and Emotions of Pregnant Women in the Period of COVID-19 in Turkey: A Qualitative Study

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 542 - 550, 15.10.2023

Büşra Yılmaz Meltem Mecdi Kaydırak Nevin Hotun Şahin

https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1215738

Öz

Objective: This phenomenological study was performed to thoroughly examine the experiences of healthy pregnant women during COVID-19.
Method: The sample consisted of 20 pregnant women who were older than 18 years, could use remote access applications such as video conferencing applications, had no communication problems and voluntarily agreed to participate. Each interview lasted approximately 45 minutes. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect information about the sociodemographic and obstetric characteristics of pregnant women and their feelings and thoughts about pregnancy during the pandemic process.
Results: The pregnant women were found to experience intense sorrow, stress, and fear. The uncertainty regarding the diagnosis, treatment of the disease and when the pandemic would end concerned all pregnant women. The results indicated that the support of partners, family and friends had a key role in coping with the intense concerns and fears that were experienced.
Conclusion: Most pregnant women stated that they paid great importance to the measures they took against COVID-19 and that these measures adversely effected their mental health and the mental health of their families.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anxiety COVID-19 emotion pandemic pregnancy

Kaynakça

  • American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (2020). Practice Advisory: Novel Coronavirus 2019 (COVID19). Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/ practice-advisory/ articles/2020/03/novel-coronavirus-2019
  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Publications and information products from the National Center for Health Statistics. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/index.htm. 201 (cited 2020 November 10).
  • Corbett GA, Milne SJ, Hehir MP, Lindow SW, O’Connell MP. (2020). Health anxiety and behavioural changes of pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology, 249, 1-3.
  • Davis-Floyd R, Gutschow K, Schwartz DA. (2020). Pregnancy, birth and the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States. Anthropology & Medicine, 39, 413-27.
  • Durankuş F, Aksu E. (2020). Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and depressive symptoms in pregnant women: A preliminary study. Journal of Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine, 1-7.
  • Fakari FR., Simbar M. (2020). Coronavirus pandemic and worries during pregnancy; A letter to editor. Archives of Academic Emergency Medicine. 8, 1-2.
  • Gildner TE., Thayer ZM. (2020). Birth plan alterations among American women in response to COVID-19. Health Expectations, 1-3.
  • Glover V. (2014). Maternal depression, anxiety and stress during pregnancy and child outcome; what needs to be done. Best Practice & Research Clinical Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 28(1), 25-35.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Turkey Population and Health Survey [online]. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. 2019. (THS). Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/tnsa2018/rapor/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
  • Hoyer J, Wieder G, Höfler M, Krause L, Wittchen HU, Martini J. (2020). Do lifetime anxiety disorders (anxiety liability) and pregnancy-related anxiety predict complications during pregnancy and delivery? Early Human Development, 144, 1-8.
  • Jiloha RC. (2020). COVID-19 and mental health. Epidemiology International, 5(1), 7-9.
  • Lebel C, MacKinnon A, Bagshawe M, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Giesbrecht, G. (2020). Elevated depression and anxiety among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv Preprints, 1-24.
  • Liu X, Chen M., Wang Y, Zhang H, Sun G, Baker PN, Luo X, Qi H. (2020). Prenatal anxiety and obstetric decisions among pregnant women in Wuhan and Chongqing during the COVID‐19 outbreak: A cross‐sectional study. BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, 127, 1229-1240.
  • Mappa I, Distefano FA., Rizzo G. (2020). Effects of coronavirus-19 pandemic on maternal anxiety during pregnancy: A prospective observational study. Journal of Perinatal Medicine, 1, 1-6.
  • Martini J, Petzoldt J, Einsle F, Beesdo-Baum K, Höfler M, Wittchen HU. (2015). Risk factors and course patterns of anxiety and depressive disorders during pregnancy and after delivery: a prospective-longitudinal study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 175, 385-395.
  • Palladino CL, Singh V, Campbell J, Flynn H, Gold KJ. (2011). Homicide and suicide during the perinatal period: findings from the National Violent Death Reporting System. Obstetrics & Gynecology, 118, 1056-1063.
  • Premkumar A, Cassimatis I, Berhie SH, Jao J, Cohn SE, Sutton SH. (2020). Home birth in the era of COVID-19: Counseling and preparation for pregnant persons living with HIV. American Journal of Perinatology, 37, 1038-1043.
  • Royal College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. (2020). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in pregnancy. Information for healthcare professionals. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets /documents/guidelines/2020-03-21-covid19-pregnancy-guidance-2118.pdf
  • Siston AM, Rasmussen SA, Honein MA, Fry AM, Seib K, Callaghan WM, Pandemic H1N1 Influenza in Pregnancy Working Group. (2010). Pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) virus illness among pregnant women in the United States. JAMA, 303(15), 1517-1525.
  • Spiegelberg, H. (1976). The phenomenological movement: A historical introduction (2nd ed., Vols. 1 and 2). The Hague: Martinus Hijhoff.
  • Wong SF, Chow KM, Leung TN, Ng WF, Ng TK, Shek CC, Tan, PY. (2004). Pregnancy and perinatal outcomes of women with severe acute respiratory syndrome. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 191(1), 292-297.
  • Woody C, Ferrari A, Siskind D, Whiteford HA, Harris MG. (2017). A systematic review and meta-regression of the prevalence and incidence of perinatal depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 219, 86-92.
  • World Health Organization. (2020). Novel coronavirus ‐ China. Disease outbreak news: Update. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.who.int/csr/don/12‐january‐2020‐novel‐coronavirus‐china/en/
  • World Health Organization. 2015. (WHO). WHO statement on caesarean section rates. Accessed on: 21.03.2021, https://www.who.int/reproductivehealth /publications/maternal_perinatal_health/cs-tatement/ en/ (cited 2020 October 27)
  • Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, Fan J. (2020). Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women along with COVID-19 outbreak in China. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, 1-27.
  • Yue C, Liu C, Wang J, Zang M, Wu H, Li C, Yang X. (2020). Association between social support and anxiety among pregnant women in the third trimester during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Qingdao, China: The mediating effect of risk perception. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 1-8.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Hemşirelik
Bölüm Araştırma
Yazarlar

Büşra Yılmaz 0000-0001-6937-5351

Meltem Mecdi Kaydırak 0000-0002-6877-0269

Nevin Hotun Şahin 0000-0002-6845-2690

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Ekim 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ekim 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 7 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, B., Mecdi Kaydırak, M., & Hotun Şahin, N. (2023). Thoughts and Emotions of Pregnant Women in the Period of COVID-19 in Turkey: A Qualitative Study. Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, 6(3), 542-550. https://doi.org/10.38108/ouhcd.1215738
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