Araştırma Makalesi
Diabetes Management and Problems Experienced by Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Qualitative Study
Öz
Objective: A study was conducted to obtain information about problems in diabetes management experienced by patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus during the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic.
Materials and Methods: In this qualitative study, in-depth interviews were carried out with 43 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (25 women, 18 men) aged 18-34 years who volunteered to participate. Each interview lasted 30 to 35 minutes. The conventional content analysis of data was performed using Graneheim & Lundman method.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 26.05±8.01 years, the mean HbA1c level was 9.57±2.57%, and the duration of diabetes was 8.70±5.22 years. The study revealed 7 problem areas related to the patients’ diabetes management during the COVID-19 pandemic: blood glucose control, dietary adherence, insulin dose adjustment, exercising, psychosocial problems, sleep problems, and compliance with COVID-19 preventive measures.
Conclusion: The study's results showed that during the COVID-19 pandemic, patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus experienced difficulties in diabetes management and negatively impacted psychosocially.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19) Pandemic https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen. Accessed June 18, 2023.
- Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(5):475-481. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(20) 30079-5
- Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;30;382(18):1708-1720. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
- Zhang JJ, Dong X, Cao YY, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy. 2020;5(7):1730-1741. doi:0.1111/all.14238
- Li B, Yang J, Zhao F, et al. Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China. Clin Res Cardiol. 2020;109(5):531-538. doi:10.1007/s00392-020-01626-9
- Hill MA, Mantzoros C, Sowers JR. Commentary: COVID-19 in patients with diabetes. Metabolism. 2020;24:107:154217. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154217
- Maddaloni E, Buzzetti R. Covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: unveiling the interaction of two pandemics. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020:36(7);e33213321. doi:10.1002/dmrr.3321
- Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ. COVID-19: Consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet. 2020;395:1033-1034. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0
- Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği (TEMD). Diabetes Mellitus ve Komplikasyonlarının Tanı, Tedavi ve İzlem Klavuzu 2022. 15. baskı, BAYT Bilimsel Araştırmalar Basın Yayın ve Tanıtım Ltd. Şti, Ankara, 2022. https://file.temd.org.tr/Uploads/publications/guides/documents/diabetes-mellitus_2022.pdf Accessed October 17, 2023.
- Klatman EL, Besancon S, Bahendeka S, Mayige M, Ogle GD. COVID-19 and type 1 diabetes: Challenges and Actions Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108275. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108275
- GhoshA, Gupta R, Misra A. Telemedicine for diabetes care in India during COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdown period: Guidelines for physicians. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(4):273-276. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.001
- Hespanhol VP, Barbara C. Pneumonia mortality, comorbidities matter? Pulmonology. 2020;26(3):123-9. doi:10.1016/j.pulmoe.2019.10.003
- Zou Q, Zheng S, Wang X, et al. Influenza A-associated severe pneumonia in hospitalized patients: risk factors and NAI treatments. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;92:208-213. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.017
- Barron E, Bakhai C, Kar P, et al. Associations of type 1 and type 2 diabetes with COVID-19- related mortality in England: a whole-population study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020;8:813-822. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30272-2
- Spencer J, Cooper H, Milton B. Qualitative studies of type 1 diabetes in adolescence: a systematic literature review. Pediatr Diabetes. 2009;11:364-375. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00603.x
- Pal R, Yadav U, Verma A, Bhadada SK. Awareness regarding COVID-19 and problems being faced by young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus amid nationwide lockdown in India: A qualitative interview study. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021;15.1:10-15. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2020.07.001
- Tariq S, Tariq S, Baig M, Saeed M. Knowledge, awareness and practices regarding novel coronavirus among a sample of Pakistani population, a cross-sectional study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2020;1-20. doi:10.1017/ dmp.2020.408
- Bao Y, Sun Y, Meng S, Shi J, Lu L. 2019‐nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. Lancet. 2020;395:37-38. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
- Garfin DR, Silver RC, Holman EA. The novel coronavirus (COVID‐2019) outbreak: amplification of public health consequences by media exposure. Health Psychol. 2020;39:355-357. doi:10.1037/hea0000875
- Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020;395:912-920. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
- Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
- Juda M, Vetter C, Roenneberg T. Chronotype modulates sleep duration, sleep quality, and social jet lag in shift-workers. J Biol Rhythms. 2013;28(2):141-151. doi:10.1177/0748730412475042
- Farabi SS, Carley DW, Quinn L. EEG power and glucose fluctuations are coupled during sleep in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;127:2739-2746. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.357
- Patel NJ, Salvin KL, Kahanda SN, et al. Sleep habits in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Variability in sleep duration linked with glycemic control. Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19(6):1100-1106. doi:10.1111/pedi.12689
Tip 1 Diabetes Mellitus Hastalarının COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Diyabet Yönetimi ve Yaşadığı Sorunlar: Kalitatif Çalışma
Öz
Amaç: Çalışma Yeni Koronavirüs Hastalığı (COVID-19) pandemisi sürecinde Tip 1 diyabetlilerin diyabet yönetimi ile ilgili yaşadıkları sorunlar konusunda bilgi edinmek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Materyal ve Metot: Kalitatif türde olan bu araştırmada tip 1 diyabetli, çalışmaya katılmaya istekli, yaşları 18-34 arasında olan 43 (25 kadın, 18 erkek) hasta ile derinlemesine görüşme yapıldı. Her bir görüşme 30-35 dk. sürdü. Verilerin içerik analizi Graneheim & Lundman yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 26,05±8,01 yıl, HbA1c ortalaması %9,57±2,57 diyabet süresi 8,70±5,22 yıldır. Çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde diyabetlilerin diyabet yönetiminde yaşadıkları sorunlar ile ilgili 7 sorun alanı belirlendi. Bunlar; kan şekeri kontrolü, beslenmeye uyum, insülin dozunu ayarlama, egzersiz yapma, psikososyal sorunlar, uyku sorunları ve COVID-19 önlemlerine uyum idi.
Sonuç: Çalışmanın sonuçları Tip 1 diyabetli bireylerin COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde diyabet yönetimini sağlama konusunda sorun yaşadıklarını ve psikososyal yönden olumsuz etkilendiklerini gösterdi.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- World Health Organization. Coronavirus Disease (COVID 19) Pandemic https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/events-as-they-happen. Accessed June 18, 2023.
- Yang X, Yu Y, Xu J, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study. Lancet Respir Med. 2020;8(5):475-481. doi:10.1016/S2213-2600(20) 30079-5
- Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;30;382(18):1708-1720. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
- Zhang JJ, Dong X, Cao YY, et al. Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan, China. Allergy. 2020;5(7):1730-1741. doi:0.1111/all.14238
- Li B, Yang J, Zhao F, et al. Prevalence and impact of cardiovascular metabolic diseases on COVID-19 in China. Clin Res Cardiol. 2020;109(5):531-538. doi:10.1007/s00392-020-01626-9
- Hill MA, Mantzoros C, Sowers JR. Commentary: COVID-19 in patients with diabetes. Metabolism. 2020;24:107:154217. doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154217
- Maddaloni E, Buzzetti R. Covid-19 and diabetes mellitus: unveiling the interaction of two pandemics. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020:36(7);e33213321. doi:10.1002/dmrr.3321
- Mehta P, McAuley DF, Brown M, Sanchez E, Tattersall RS, Manson JJ. COVID-19: Consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression. Lancet. 2020;395:1033-1034. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30628-0
- Türkiye Endokrinoloji ve Metabolizma Derneği (TEMD). Diabetes Mellitus ve Komplikasyonlarının Tanı, Tedavi ve İzlem Klavuzu 2022. 15. baskı, BAYT Bilimsel Araştırmalar Basın Yayın ve Tanıtım Ltd. Şti, Ankara, 2022. https://file.temd.org.tr/Uploads/publications/guides/documents/diabetes-mellitus_2022.pdf Accessed October 17, 2023.
- Klatman EL, Besancon S, Bahendeka S, Mayige M, Ogle GD. COVID-19 and type 1 diabetes: Challenges and Actions Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020;166:108275. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2020.108275
- GhoshA, Gupta R, Misra A. Telemedicine for diabetes care in India during COVID-19 pandemic and national lockdown period: Guidelines for physicians. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020;14(4):273-276. doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.001
- Hespanhol VP, Barbara C. Pneumonia mortality, comorbidities matter? Pulmonology. 2020;26(3):123-9. doi:10.1016/j.pulmoe.2019.10.003
- Zou Q, Zheng S, Wang X, et al. Influenza A-associated severe pneumonia in hospitalized patients: risk factors and NAI treatments. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;92:208-213. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.017
- Barron E, Bakhai C, Kar P, et al. Associations of type 1 and type 2 diabetes with COVID-19- related mortality in England: a whole-population study. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2020;8:813-822. doi:10.1016/S2213-8587(20)30272-2
- Spencer J, Cooper H, Milton B. Qualitative studies of type 1 diabetes in adolescence: a systematic literature review. Pediatr Diabetes. 2009;11:364-375. doi:10.1111/j.1399-5448.2009.00603.x
- Pal R, Yadav U, Verma A, Bhadada SK. Awareness regarding COVID-19 and problems being faced by young adults with type 1 diabetes mellitus amid nationwide lockdown in India: A qualitative interview study. Prim Care Diabetes. 2021;15.1:10-15. doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2020.07.001
- Tariq S, Tariq S, Baig M, Saeed M. Knowledge, awareness and practices regarding novel coronavirus among a sample of Pakistani population, a cross-sectional study. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2020;1-20. doi:10.1017/ dmp.2020.408
- Bao Y, Sun Y, Meng S, Shi J, Lu L. 2019‐nCoV epidemic: address mental health care to empower society. Lancet. 2020;395:37-38. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30309-3
- Garfin DR, Silver RC, Holman EA. The novel coronavirus (COVID‐2019) outbreak: amplification of public health consequences by media exposure. Health Psychol. 2020;39:355-357. doi:10.1037/hea0000875
- Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020;395:912-920. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
- Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, et al. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(5):1729. doi:10.3390/ijerph17051729
- Juda M, Vetter C, Roenneberg T. Chronotype modulates sleep duration, sleep quality, and social jet lag in shift-workers. J Biol Rhythms. 2013;28(2):141-151. doi:10.1177/0748730412475042
- Farabi SS, Carley DW, Quinn L. EEG power and glucose fluctuations are coupled during sleep in young adults with type 1 diabetes. Clin Neurophysiol. 2016;127:2739-2746. doi:10.1016/j.clinph.2016.05.357
- Patel NJ, Salvin KL, Kahanda SN, et al. Sleep habits in adolescents with type 1 diabetes: Variability in sleep duration linked with glycemic control. Pediatr Diabetes. 2018;19(6):1100-1106. doi:10.1111/pedi.12689
Toplam 24 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Dahili Hastalıklar Hemşireliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 13 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 18 Aralık 2023 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 22 Mayıs 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 17 Ekim 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2023 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 4 |
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