Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 87 - 90, 29.04.2022
Öz
Milattan önce altıncı ve beşinci yüzyıllarda Knidos ve Kos'un, tıbbın ana vatanı olduğunda kuşku yoktur. Bu iki okulun hekimlerinin temel tıp bilgilerinin çoğu benzerdi. Anatomi bilgileri hayvan diseksiyonları ile savaş ve kaza yaralanmalarında karşılaştıkları insan vücutlarına ilişkin gözlemlere dayanıyordu. Knidos'ta Euryphon ve Kos’ta Hipokrat hemen hemen aynı pozisyondaydı ve öğretim organizasyonları benzerdi. Hekimlik, usta çırak ilişkisine dayanmaktaydı. Bulundukları zaman diliminde yenilikçi ve önemli katkılar sağlayarak tıbbın gelişiminde ilk tohumları atan bu hekimlerin, günümüzde genç hekimler ve hekim adayları tarafından bilinmesi, anlaşılması hekimlik mesleğinin felsefesinin daha iyi kavranabilmesi adına çok önemlidir. Bu yazıda, ünlü Knidoslu hekimlerden Knidos ekolünün kurucusu Euryphon, spor hekimliğinin babası Herodicus, tarihçi hekim Ctesias, ünlü eğitici hekim Chrysippus ve astronom hekim Eudoxus’un tıbba kazandırdıklarından söz edilecektir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Kıhara S. The physiology of pneuma and the relationship between Aristotle and greek medicine. Kokugakuin Uni J Philos Eth Health Care Med. 2017;11(3):33-40.
- 2. Withington ET. Medical history from the earliest times: XI.-the schools of Cos and Cnidus. Hospital. 1892;12(297):149.
- 3. El-Gammal SY. The role of Hippocrates in the development and progress of medical sciences. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 1993;23(2):125-36.
- 4. Gask GE. Early medical schools. II: Gyrene, Cos and Cnidos. Ann Med Hist. 1940;2(1):15.
- 5. Smith WD. Galen on Coans versus Cnidians. Bull Hist Med. 1973;47(6):569-85.
- 6. Lonie IM. Cos versus Cnidus and the historians: Part I. Hist Sci. 1978;16(1):42-75.
- 7. Lonie IM. Cos versus Cnidus and the historians: part 2. Hist Sci. 1978;16(2):77-92.
- 8. Kollesch J. Knidos als Zentrum der frühen wissenschaftlichen Medizin im antiken Griechenland. Gesnerus. 1989;46(1-2):11-28.
- 9. Langholf V. Medical Theories in Hippocrates: Early Texts and the “Epidemics” Published De Grutey, 1992.
- 10. Tsoucalas G, Karamanou M, Laios K, Androutsos G. The pioneer physician Euryphon and his method for determination of the female infertility in ancient Greece. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2014;34(4):369.
- 11. Lensen EJM, Withagen MIJ, Kluivers KB, Milani AL, Vierhout ME. Surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse: a historical review with emphasis on the anterior compartment. Int Urogynecol J. 2013;24(10):1593-602.
- 12. French RK. The thorax in history 1. From ancient times to Aristotle. Thorax. 1978;33(1):10.
- 13. Georgoulis AD, Kiapidou IS, Velogianni L, Stergiou N, Boland A. Herodicus, the father of sports medicine. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2007;15(3):315-8.
- 14. Manetti D. Medici contemporanei a Ippocrate: problemi di identificazione dei medici di nome Erodico. In Hippocrates in Context. Stud Anc Med. 2005;31:295-313.
- 15. Brown TS. Suggestions for a vita of Ctesias of Cnidus. Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 1978;H(1):1-19.
- 16. Nichols A. The complete fragments of Ctesias of Cnidus: translation and commentary with an introduction. The Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy. University Of Florıda 2008.
- 17. Berrey M. Chrysippus of Cnidus: medical doxography and Hellenistic monarchies. Greek, Roman and Byzantine studies. 2014;54(3):420-43.
- 18. Grzybowski J. Grzybowski A. Chrysippus and the First Known Description of Cataract Surgery. Medicines. 2020;7(6):34.
- 19. Huxley G. Studies in the Greek astronomers. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies. 1963;4(2):83-105.
- 20. Baker H. Eudoxus of Cnidus: A Proto-Classical Life. The Sewanee Rev.1973;81(2):237-81.
Yıl 2022,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 87 - 90, 29.04.2022
Öz
There is no doubt that Knidos and Kos were the homeland of medicine in the sixth and fifth centuries BC. Most of the basic medical knowledge of the physicians of these two schools was similar. Their anatomy knowledge was based on the observations of animal dissections and human bodies they encountered in battle and accident injuries. Euryphon at Knidos and Hippocrates at Kos held almost the same position, and their teaching organizations were similar. Medicine was based on the master-apprentice relationship. It is very important that these physicians, who laid the first seeds in the development of medicine by making innovative and important contributions in their time, are known and understood by young physicians and physician candidates, in order to better understand the philosophy of the medical profession. In this article, the contributions of Euryphon, the founder of the Knidos school, one of the famous Knidos physicians, the father of sports medicine Herodicus, the historian physician Ctesias, the famous educator physician Chrysippus and the astronomer physician Eudoxus to medicine will be mentioned.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Kıhara S. The physiology of pneuma and the relationship between Aristotle and greek medicine. Kokugakuin Uni J Philos Eth Health Care Med. 2017;11(3):33-40.
- 2. Withington ET. Medical history from the earliest times: XI.-the schools of Cos and Cnidus. Hospital. 1892;12(297):149.
- 3. El-Gammal SY. The role of Hippocrates in the development and progress of medical sciences. Bull Indian Inst Hist Med Hyderabad. 1993;23(2):125-36.
- 4. Gask GE. Early medical schools. II: Gyrene, Cos and Cnidos. Ann Med Hist. 1940;2(1):15.
- 5. Smith WD. Galen on Coans versus Cnidians. Bull Hist Med. 1973;47(6):569-85.
- 6. Lonie IM. Cos versus Cnidus and the historians: Part I. Hist Sci. 1978;16(1):42-75.
- 7. Lonie IM. Cos versus Cnidus and the historians: part 2. Hist Sci. 1978;16(2):77-92.
- 8. Kollesch J. Knidos als Zentrum der frühen wissenschaftlichen Medizin im antiken Griechenland. Gesnerus. 1989;46(1-2):11-28.
- 9. Langholf V. Medical Theories in Hippocrates: Early Texts and the “Epidemics” Published De Grutey, 1992.
- 10. Tsoucalas G, Karamanou M, Laios K, Androutsos G. The pioneer physician Euryphon and his method for determination of the female infertility in ancient Greece. J Obstet Gynaecol. 2014;34(4):369.
- 11. Lensen EJM, Withagen MIJ, Kluivers KB, Milani AL, Vierhout ME. Surgical treatment of pelvic organ prolapse: a historical review with emphasis on the anterior compartment. Int Urogynecol J. 2013;24(10):1593-602.
- 12. French RK. The thorax in history 1. From ancient times to Aristotle. Thorax. 1978;33(1):10.
- 13. Georgoulis AD, Kiapidou IS, Velogianni L, Stergiou N, Boland A. Herodicus, the father of sports medicine. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2007;15(3):315-8.
- 14. Manetti D. Medici contemporanei a Ippocrate: problemi di identificazione dei medici di nome Erodico. In Hippocrates in Context. Stud Anc Med. 2005;31:295-313.
- 15. Brown TS. Suggestions for a vita of Ctesias of Cnidus. Historia: Zeitschrift für Alte Geschichte. 1978;H(1):1-19.
- 16. Nichols A. The complete fragments of Ctesias of Cnidus: translation and commentary with an introduction. The Degree Of Doctor Of Philosophy. University Of Florıda 2008.
- 17. Berrey M. Chrysippus of Cnidus: medical doxography and Hellenistic monarchies. Greek, Roman and Byzantine studies. 2014;54(3):420-43.
- 18. Grzybowski J. Grzybowski A. Chrysippus and the First Known Description of Cataract Surgery. Medicines. 2020;7(6):34.
- 19. Huxley G. Studies in the Greek astronomers. Greek, Roman, and Byzantine Studies. 1963;4(2):83-105.
- 20. Baker H. Eudoxus of Cnidus: A Proto-Classical Life. The Sewanee Rev.1973;81(2):237-81.
Toplam 20 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Klinik Tıp Bilimleri |
| Bölüm | Derleme |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Nisan 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 16 Mart 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1 |
