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Determination of Fruit Quality Characteristics of ‘Hicaznar’ Cultıivar Grown in Different Elevations

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 9 - 15, 30.07.2015

Öz

Pomegranate is a traditional fruit species since immemorial times in Turkey. ‘Hicaznar’ cultivar is used to about to all of pomegranate orchards in Turkey. The consumers in the local and international markets are preferred the cultivar for the dark red skin and aril colors. In this study was carried out to determine of effects of different elevations on fruit quality characteristics of ‘Hicaznar’ cultivar grown in Hatay which is growing about 8% of Mediterranean region of Turkey. For this reason, fruit quality characters were analyzed in the ‘Hicaznar’ cultivar, harvested from the lowest (10 m), low (85 m), medium (350 m), and high (500 m) elevation sites.According to the data, the cultivar was harvested between October 01 (İskenderun/10m) and November 02 (Yayladağı/500m). ‘Hicaznar’ cultivar based on the fruit pomological traits, fruit weight was ranged between 419.20 (Yayladağı/500m)-556.92 g (Antakya/85m), 100 aril weight ranged between 34.68 (Yayladağı/500m)-36.60 g (Hassa/350m), aril percent ranged between %52.35 (Yayladağı)-60.13 (İskenderun), and TSS ranged between 15.89% (Antakya/85m)-17.05% (İskenderun/10m). In addition, dark red skin color was found in both Yayladağı (a*=39.41, C= 49.65) and Hassa counties (a*=37.08, C= 47.31) whereas dark red aril color was found in Yayladağı (a*=25.67, C= 27.40). As a result, the fruit quality characteristics of ‘Hicaznar’ cultivar grown in Hatay were showed differences based on elevations.

Kaynakça

  • Balcı B, 2002. Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinde Farklı Ekolojilerin Verim ve Kalite Ögelerine Etkileri Üzerine Araştırmalar. Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Ens. Doktora Tezi (Basılmamış), 285s, Izmir
  • Çalışkan O, Bayazit S, Sümbül A, 2012. Fruit Quality and Phytochemical Attributes of Some Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Cultivars as Affected by Genotypes and Seasons. Not. Bot. Horti. Agrobotanica. 40(2): 284-294.
  • Çalışkan O, Bayazit S, 2012. Phytochemical and Antioxidant Attributes of Autochthonous Turkish Pomegranates. Scientia Horticulturae. 147:81–88.
  • Çalışkan O, Polat AA, 2012. Effects of Genotype and Harvest Year on Phytochemical and Fruit Quality Properties of Turkish Fig Genotypes. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 10(4): 1048-1058.
  • Çalışkan O, Bayazit S, 2013. Morpho-pomological and Chemical Diversity of Pomegranate Accessions Grown in Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. J. Agr. Sci. Tech. 15: 1449-1460.
  • Dhanaraj S, Krishnaprakash MS, Arvindaprasad B, Ananthakrishna SM, Krishnaprasad CA, Narasimham P, 1986. Effect of Orchard Elevation on Maturity and Quality of Apples. Journal of Food Quality. 9(3): 129–142.
  • DiVaio C, Nocerino S, Paduano A, Sacchi R,2013. Influence of Some Environmental Factors on Drupe Maturation and Olive Oil Composition. J Sci Food Agric. 93(5):1134-9.
  • Drogoudi PD, Tsipouridis CG, Pantelidis G, 2009. Effects of Crop Load and Time of Thinning Application on Split Pits, Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Mineral Content in ‘Andross’ Peach. J. Hortic. Sci. Biot. 84:505–509.
  • Faniadis D, Drogoudi PD, Vasilakakis M, 2010. Effects of Cultivar, Orchard Elevation, and Storage on Fruit Quality Characters of Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.). Scientia Horticulturae 125: 301–304
  • Francis FJ, 1980. Color Quality Evaluation of Horticultural Crops. HortScience15:58–59.
  • Gözlekçi Ş, Ercişli S, Öktüren F, Sönmez Ş, 2011. Physico-Chemical Characteristics at Three Development Stages in Pomegranate cv. ‘Hicaznar’. Not Bot Hort Agrobot. Cluj, 39(1):241-245.
  • Hasnaoui N, Jbir R, Mars M, Trifi M, Kamal-Eldin A, Melgarejo P, Hernandez F, 2011. Organic Acids, Sugars, and Anthocyanins Contents in Juices of Tunisian Pomegranate Fruits. Inter. J. Food Proper. 14:741-757.
  • Holland D, Hatib K, Bar-Ya’akov I, 2009. Pomegranate: Botany, Horticulture, Breeding. Hortic. Rev.35:127-191.
  • Kotwal GJ, 2007. Genetic Diversity Independent Neutralization of Pandemic Viruses (e g. HIV), Potentially Pandemic (e.g.H5N1 Strain of Influenza) and Carcinogenic (e.g. HBV and HCV) Viruses and Possible Agents of Bioterrorism (Variola) by Enveloped Virus Neutralizing Compounds (EVNCs). Vaccine, 26:3055-3058.
  • Lakatos L, Szabó T, Szabó Z, Racskó J, Soltész M, Zhongfu S, Wang Y, Nyéki J, 2008. The Effect of Day and Night Temperatures on Apple Skin Colour Formation. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 14(1–2): 21–25.
  • Martínez JJ, Melgarejo P, Hernández F, Salazar DM, Martínez R, 2006. Seed Characterization of Five New Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Varieties. Sci. Hort. 10:241-246.
  • Mousavinejad G, Emam-Djomeh Z, Rezaei K, Khodaparast MHH, 2009. Identification and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds and Their Effects on Antioxidant Activity in Pomegranate Juices of Eight Iranian Cultivars. Food Chem. 115:1274–8
  • Özgüven AI, Yılmaz M, Yılmaz C, 2009. The Situation of Pomegranate and Minor Mediterranean Fruits in Turkey. Acta Hort.818:43-48
  • Polat AA, Çalışkan O, 2009. Effect of Different Environments on Fruit Characteristics of Table Fig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivars. The Fourth International Symposium on Fig. September 29-October 3, Meknes, Morocco, Abstract Book, s.107
  • Reddy MK, Gupta SK, Jacob MR, Khan SL, Ferreira D, 2007. Antioxidant, Antimalaria and Antimicrobial Activities of Tannin Rich Fractions, Ellagitannins and Phenolic Acids from Punica granatum L. Planta Medica, 73: 461-467.
  • SAS Institute, 2005. STAT Guide for Persona Computers. Version 9.1.3. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
  • Steiner R, Giuliani G, 1995. Die Richtige Sorteauf den Richtigen Standort. Obstbau Weinbau 32(11): 287-289.
  • Trad M, Gaaliche B, Renardb CMGC, Mars M, 2013. Inter- and Intra-tree Variability in Quality of Figs. Influence of Altitude, Leaf Area and Fruit Position in the Canopy. Scientia Horticulturae: 162:49–54.
  • TUİK, 2013. http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul. (11 Mart 2014).
  • Turgut DY, Seydim AC, 2013. Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Yetiştirilen Bazı Nar (Punica granatum L.) Çeşit ve Genotiplerinin Organik Asit ve Şeker Kompozisyonu. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 2(1):35-42.

Farklı Yükseltilerde Yetiştirilen ‘Hicaznar’ Çeşidinin Meyve Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 9 - 15, 30.07.2015

Öz

Nar, Türkiye’de yüzyıllardır geleneksel olarak yetiştirilen meyve türlerinden biridir. Ülkemizdeki ticari nar bahçelerinin tamamıma yakınında ‘Hicaznar’ çeşidi ile yetiştiricilik yapılmaktadır. Bu çeşit, meyve kabuk ve dane renginin koyu kırmızı olması nedeniyle hem yurt içi hem de yurt dışındaki tüketiciler tarafından tercih edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Akdeniz Bölgesi nar üretiminin %8’ini üreten Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen ‘Hicaznar’ çeşidinin meyve kalitesi üzerine farklı yükseltilerin etkisi incelenmiştir. Bu amaçla, deniz seviyesinden yükseklikleri çok düşük (İskenderun; 10 m), düşük (Antakya, Kumlu; 85 m), orta (Hassa; 350 m) ve yüksek (Yayladağı; 500 m) olan nar bahçelerinde yetiştirilen ‘Hicaznar’ çeşidinde meyve kalite analizleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlara göre, ‘Hicaznar’ çeşidinin Hatay ekolojisinde 01 Ekim (10 m) ile 02 Kasım (500 m) tarihlerinde hasat edildiği saptanmıştır. Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen ‘Hicaznar’ çeşidinin meyve kalite özelliklerinden; meyve ağırlığının 419.20 (10 m)-556.92 (500 m) g, 100 dane ağırlığının 34.68 (500 m)-36.60 (350 m) g, dane randımanın %52.35 (500 m)-60.13 (10 m) ve suda çözünebilir toplam kuru madde miktarının (SÇKM) %15.89 (85 m)-17.05 (10 m) arasında değişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca, Hatay’da yetiştirilen meyvelerde; en koyu kırmızı kabuk rengi yükseltisi 500 m olan Yayladağı (a*=39.41, C= 49.65) ve yükseltisi 350 m olan Hassa ilçelerinden (a*=37.08, C= 47.31); en koyu dane rengi ise Yayladağı ilçesinden (a*=25.67, C= 27.40) elde edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, Hatay ilinde yetiştirilen ‘Hicaznar’ çeşidinin meyve kalite özelliklerinin yükseltiye bağlı olarak farklılık gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir.

Kaynakça

  • Balcı B, 2002. Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinde Farklı Ekolojilerin Verim ve Kalite Ögelerine Etkileri Üzerine Araştırmalar. Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Ens. Doktora Tezi (Basılmamış), 285s, Izmir
  • Çalışkan O, Bayazit S, Sümbül A, 2012. Fruit Quality and Phytochemical Attributes of Some Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Cultivars as Affected by Genotypes and Seasons. Not. Bot. Horti. Agrobotanica. 40(2): 284-294.
  • Çalışkan O, Bayazit S, 2012. Phytochemical and Antioxidant Attributes of Autochthonous Turkish Pomegranates. Scientia Horticulturae. 147:81–88.
  • Çalışkan O, Polat AA, 2012. Effects of Genotype and Harvest Year on Phytochemical and Fruit Quality Properties of Turkish Fig Genotypes. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research. 10(4): 1048-1058.
  • Çalışkan O, Bayazit S, 2013. Morpho-pomological and Chemical Diversity of Pomegranate Accessions Grown in Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. J. Agr. Sci. Tech. 15: 1449-1460.
  • Dhanaraj S, Krishnaprakash MS, Arvindaprasad B, Ananthakrishna SM, Krishnaprasad CA, Narasimham P, 1986. Effect of Orchard Elevation on Maturity and Quality of Apples. Journal of Food Quality. 9(3): 129–142.
  • DiVaio C, Nocerino S, Paduano A, Sacchi R,2013. Influence of Some Environmental Factors on Drupe Maturation and Olive Oil Composition. J Sci Food Agric. 93(5):1134-9.
  • Drogoudi PD, Tsipouridis CG, Pantelidis G, 2009. Effects of Crop Load and Time of Thinning Application on Split Pits, Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Mineral Content in ‘Andross’ Peach. J. Hortic. Sci. Biot. 84:505–509.
  • Faniadis D, Drogoudi PD, Vasilakakis M, 2010. Effects of Cultivar, Orchard Elevation, and Storage on Fruit Quality Characters of Sweet Cherry (Prunus avium L.). Scientia Horticulturae 125: 301–304
  • Francis FJ, 1980. Color Quality Evaluation of Horticultural Crops. HortScience15:58–59.
  • Gözlekçi Ş, Ercişli S, Öktüren F, Sönmez Ş, 2011. Physico-Chemical Characteristics at Three Development Stages in Pomegranate cv. ‘Hicaznar’. Not Bot Hort Agrobot. Cluj, 39(1):241-245.
  • Hasnaoui N, Jbir R, Mars M, Trifi M, Kamal-Eldin A, Melgarejo P, Hernandez F, 2011. Organic Acids, Sugars, and Anthocyanins Contents in Juices of Tunisian Pomegranate Fruits. Inter. J. Food Proper. 14:741-757.
  • Holland D, Hatib K, Bar-Ya’akov I, 2009. Pomegranate: Botany, Horticulture, Breeding. Hortic. Rev.35:127-191.
  • Kotwal GJ, 2007. Genetic Diversity Independent Neutralization of Pandemic Viruses (e g. HIV), Potentially Pandemic (e.g.H5N1 Strain of Influenza) and Carcinogenic (e.g. HBV and HCV) Viruses and Possible Agents of Bioterrorism (Variola) by Enveloped Virus Neutralizing Compounds (EVNCs). Vaccine, 26:3055-3058.
  • Lakatos L, Szabó T, Szabó Z, Racskó J, Soltész M, Zhongfu S, Wang Y, Nyéki J, 2008. The Effect of Day and Night Temperatures on Apple Skin Colour Formation. International Journal of Horticultural Science, 14(1–2): 21–25.
  • Martínez JJ, Melgarejo P, Hernández F, Salazar DM, Martínez R, 2006. Seed Characterization of Five New Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Varieties. Sci. Hort. 10:241-246.
  • Mousavinejad G, Emam-Djomeh Z, Rezaei K, Khodaparast MHH, 2009. Identification and Quantification of Phenolic Compounds and Their Effects on Antioxidant Activity in Pomegranate Juices of Eight Iranian Cultivars. Food Chem. 115:1274–8
  • Özgüven AI, Yılmaz M, Yılmaz C, 2009. The Situation of Pomegranate and Minor Mediterranean Fruits in Turkey. Acta Hort.818:43-48
  • Polat AA, Çalışkan O, 2009. Effect of Different Environments on Fruit Characteristics of Table Fig (Ficus carica L.) Cultivars. The Fourth International Symposium on Fig. September 29-October 3, Meknes, Morocco, Abstract Book, s.107
  • Reddy MK, Gupta SK, Jacob MR, Khan SL, Ferreira D, 2007. Antioxidant, Antimalaria and Antimicrobial Activities of Tannin Rich Fractions, Ellagitannins and Phenolic Acids from Punica granatum L. Planta Medica, 73: 461-467.
  • SAS Institute, 2005. STAT Guide for Persona Computers. Version 9.1.3. SAS Institute, Cary, North Carolina, USA.
  • Steiner R, Giuliani G, 1995. Die Richtige Sorteauf den Richtigen Standort. Obstbau Weinbau 32(11): 287-289.
  • Trad M, Gaaliche B, Renardb CMGC, Mars M, 2013. Inter- and Intra-tree Variability in Quality of Figs. Influence of Altitude, Leaf Area and Fruit Position in the Canopy. Scientia Horticulturae: 162:49–54.
  • TUİK, 2013. http://tuikapp.tuik.gov.tr/bitkiselapp/bitkisel.zul. (11 Mart 2014).
  • Turgut DY, Seydim AC, 2013. Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Yetiştirilen Bazı Nar (Punica granatum L.) Çeşit ve Genotiplerinin Organik Asit ve Şeker Kompozisyonu. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi 2(1):35-42.
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sema Yaman Bu kişi benim

Özlem Öcal Bu kişi benim

Zehra Toprak Bu kişi benim

Ferhat Avcı Bu kişi benim

Safder Bayazit Bu kişi benim

Oğuzhan Çalışkan

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Temmuz 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

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