Öz
İnsan beyni, işlevsel beyin ağları oluşturmak için plastik bir şekilde birbirine bağlıdır. Bu dinamik ve esnek nöronal yeniden düzenleme süreci, özellikle hafıza, öğrenme ve travma sonrası durumlar söz konusu olduğunda, merkezi sinir sisteminde verimli bir yenilenme süreci için gereklidir. Bu yazıda, inme, Alzheimer Hastalığı ve travmatik beyin hasarı gibi nörodejeneratif hastalıklarda nörorehabilitasyon üzerine gelecekteki çalışmalar için önemli bir şablon görevi gören beyindeki nöroplastisite sürecinin altın-da yatan temel prensipleri ve mekanizmaları tanımlamaya çalıştık.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Aktiviteye bağlı plastisite; Gelişimsel esneklik; Lezyon sonrası plastisite; uzun vadeli potansiyasyon; Öğrenme; Hafıza;
Kaynakça
- 1. Hebb DO. The organization of behavior: A neuropsychological theory. A Wiley Book in Clinical Psychology, New York; 1949, 62: 78.
- 2. Muellbacher W. Neuroplastizität. In: Lehrner J., Pusswald G., Fertl E., Kryspin-Exner I., Strubreither W. (eds) Klinische Neuropsychologie. Springer, Vienna, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-32303-1_39
- 3. 3.Lapchak, Paul A., and John H. Zhang, eds. Neuroprotective therapy for stroke and ischemic disease. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45345-3
- 4. Caglayan AB, Beker MC, Caglayan B, et al. Acute and Post-acute Neuromodulation Induces Stroke Recovery by Promoting Survival Signaling, Neurogenesis, and Pyramidal Tract Plasticity. Front Cell Neurosci. 2019;13:144. doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00144
- 5. Yu M, Linn KA, Shinohara RT, Oathes DJ, Cook PA, Duprat R, et al. Childhood trauma history is linked to abnormal brain connectivity in major depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019;116(17):8582-8590. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1900801116
- 6. Shadmehr R, Holcomb HH. Neural correlates of motor memory consolidation. Science. 1997 Aug 8;277(5327):821-5. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5327.821.
- 7. Muellbacher W, Ziemann U, Wissel J, Dang N, Kofler M, Facchini S, Boroojerdi B, Poewe W, Hallett M. Early consolidation in human primary motor cortex. Nature. 2002 Feb 7;415(6872):640-4. doi: 10.1038/nature712.
- 8. Lewis LB, Saenz M, Fine I. Mechanisms of cross-modal plasticity in early-blind subjects. J Neurophysiol. 2010 Dec;104(6):2995-3008. doi: 10.1152/jn.00983.2009. Epub 2010 Jul 28. Erratum in: J Neurophysiol. 2014 Dec 15;112(12):3252. PMID:20668272.
- 9. Wittenberg GF, Werhahn KJ, Wassermann EM, Herscovitch P, Cohen LG. Functional connectivity between somatosensory and visual cortex in early blind humans. Eur J Neurosci. 2004 Oct;20(7):1923-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03630.x
- 10. Conforto AB, Kaelin-Lang A, Cohen LG. Increase in hand muscle strength of stroke patients after somatosensory stimulation. Ann Neurol. 2002;51(1):122-5. doi:10.1002/ana.10070
- 11. Kikkert S, Johansen-Berg H, Tracey I, Makin TR. Reaffirming the link between chronic phantom limb pain and maintained missing hand representation. Cortex. 2018 Sep; 106:174-184. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.05.013.
- 12. Muller D, Nikonenko I, Jourdain P, Alberi S. LTP, memory and structural plasticity. Curr Mol Med. 2002 Nov;2(7):605-11. doi: 10.2174/1566524023362041
- 13. Fauth M, Tetzlaff C. Opposing Effects of Neuronal Activity on Structural Plasticity. Front Neuroanat. 2016 Jun 28;10:75. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00075
- 14. von Bernhardi R, Bernhardi LE, Eugenín J. What Is Neural Plasticity? Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1015:1-doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_1
- 15. Yuluğ B, Ozan E, Kilic E. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor polymorphism as a genetic risk for depression? A short review of the literature. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2010 Winter;22(1):123.E5-6. doi: 10.1176/jnp.2010.22.1.123.e5
Öz
The human brain is interconnected in a plastic manner to form functional brain net-works. This dynamic and flexible neuronal reorganization process is essential for an efficient regeneration process in the central nervous system, especially when it comes to memory, learning, and posttraumatic conditions. Here, we tried to define basic principles and the mechanisms underlying neuroplasticity process in the brain which serve as an important template for future studies on neurorehabilitation in neu-rodegenerative diseases, such as stroke, Alzheimer’s Disease and traumatic brain injury.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Activity-dependent plasticity, Developmental plasticity, Post-lesional plasticity, Long-term potantiation, Learning, Memory,
Kaynakça
- 1. Hebb DO. The organization of behavior: A neuropsychological theory. A Wiley Book in Clinical Psychology, New York; 1949, 62: 78.
- 2. Muellbacher W. Neuroplastizität. In: Lehrner J., Pusswald G., Fertl E., Kryspin-Exner I., Strubreither W. (eds) Klinische Neuropsychologie. Springer, Vienna, 2006. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-211-32303-1_39
- 3. 3.Lapchak, Paul A., and John H. Zhang, eds. Neuroprotective therapy for stroke and ischemic disease. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing, 2017. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-45345-3
- 4. Caglayan AB, Beker MC, Caglayan B, et al. Acute and Post-acute Neuromodulation Induces Stroke Recovery by Promoting Survival Signaling, Neurogenesis, and Pyramidal Tract Plasticity. Front Cell Neurosci. 2019;13:144. doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00144
- 5. Yu M, Linn KA, Shinohara RT, Oathes DJ, Cook PA, Duprat R, et al. Childhood trauma history is linked to abnormal brain connectivity in major depression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019;116(17):8582-8590. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1900801116
- 6. Shadmehr R, Holcomb HH. Neural correlates of motor memory consolidation. Science. 1997 Aug 8;277(5327):821-5. doi: 10.1126/science.277.5327.821.
- 7. Muellbacher W, Ziemann U, Wissel J, Dang N, Kofler M, Facchini S, Boroojerdi B, Poewe W, Hallett M. Early consolidation in human primary motor cortex. Nature. 2002 Feb 7;415(6872):640-4. doi: 10.1038/nature712.
- 8. Lewis LB, Saenz M, Fine I. Mechanisms of cross-modal plasticity in early-blind subjects. J Neurophysiol. 2010 Dec;104(6):2995-3008. doi: 10.1152/jn.00983.2009. Epub 2010 Jul 28. Erratum in: J Neurophysiol. 2014 Dec 15;112(12):3252. PMID:20668272.
- 9. Wittenberg GF, Werhahn KJ, Wassermann EM, Herscovitch P, Cohen LG. Functional connectivity between somatosensory and visual cortex in early blind humans. Eur J Neurosci. 2004 Oct;20(7):1923-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03630.x
- 10. Conforto AB, Kaelin-Lang A, Cohen LG. Increase in hand muscle strength of stroke patients after somatosensory stimulation. Ann Neurol. 2002;51(1):122-5. doi:10.1002/ana.10070
- 11. Kikkert S, Johansen-Berg H, Tracey I, Makin TR. Reaffirming the link between chronic phantom limb pain and maintained missing hand representation. Cortex. 2018 Sep; 106:174-184. doi: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.05.013.
- 12. Muller D, Nikonenko I, Jourdain P, Alberi S. LTP, memory and structural plasticity. Curr Mol Med. 2002 Nov;2(7):605-11. doi: 10.2174/1566524023362041
- 13. Fauth M, Tetzlaff C. Opposing Effects of Neuronal Activity on Structural Plasticity. Front Neuroanat. 2016 Jun 28;10:75. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2016.00075
- 14. von Bernhardi R, Bernhardi LE, Eugenín J. What Is Neural Plasticity? Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1015:1-doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_1
- 15. Yuluğ B, Ozan E, Kilic E. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor polymorphism as a genetic risk for depression? A short review of the literature. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2010 Winter;22(1):123.E5-6. doi: 10.1176/jnp.2010.22.1.123.e5
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | İç Hastalıkları |
| Bölüm | Editöryal |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 23 Nisan 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 3 Nisan 2021 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 17 Nisan 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1 |
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