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VITAMIN D AND COVID-19 INFECTION

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 237 - 240, 17.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.782591

Öz

Precautions and treatments continue to be developed to improve the clinical and economic burden of the new coronavirus COVID-19 pandemic disease. The preferred test method in the diagnosis of the disease is Real time PCR, as in severe acute respiratory failure syndrome (SARS). Sequence data obtained with advanced sequences such as next-generation sequencing and metagenomics is very important to understand the origin of the virus and how it spreads. Advanced sequences are important and ongoing for mutation tracking. Laboratory diagnosis of human coronavirus infections is very important to limit and treat the global epidemic of COVID-19 infections, and serological tests should be evaluated together with molecular tests. In COVID-19 patients, the SARS-CoV-2 virus binds to the angiotensin converting enzyme 2 receptor in the respiratory tract of infected patients to enter host cells. In the early stage of disease the protective immune response is responsible for eliminating the virus, and therefore strategies to improve immune responses are very important at this stage. As the disease progresses, lung inflammation and fibrosis occur due to the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines; namely interleukins. The information gap regarding the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 continues to form a barrier to treatment of the disease. Vitamin D is a broad-spectrum secosteroid with immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic and antioxidant roles. Due tho vitamin D has immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory roles is assumedthat vitamin D may benefit against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Vitamin D supplementation has been suggested to prevent and treat COVID-19, as vitamin D has been proven to reduce the risk of colds, increase cellula rimmunity, modulate adaptive immunity, and increase the expression of genes related to antioxidation. There is not yet sufficient evidence on the relationship between vitamin D levels and COVID-19 severity and mortality, and randomized controlled trials and large-scale cohort studies are required to test this hypothesis.

Kaynakça

  • 1. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.Erişim1.09.2020.
  • 2. Wang L, Wang Y, Ye D, et al. A review of the 2019 NovelCoronavirus (COVID-19) based on current evidence. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020;55(6):105948.
  • 3.Xiaoling X, Mingfeng H, Tiantian L, et al. Effectivetreatment of severe COVID-19 patients witht ocilizumab. Proc Natl Acad Sci Unit States Am2020;117(20):10970-75.
  • 4.Tang YW, Schmitz JE, Persing DH, et al.Laboratorydiagnosis of COVID-19: current ıssues and challenges. J Clin Microbiol 2020;58(6):e00512-20.
  • 5.Batlle D, Wysocki J, Satchell K. Soluble angiotensinconverting enzyme 2: a potential approach for Coronavirus in fection therapy? ClinSci (Lond) 2020;134(5):543–5.
  • 6.Grant WB, Lahore H, McDonnell SL, et al. Evidencethat Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths. Nutrients 2020;12(4):988.
  • 7. Martell RE, Simpson RU, Taylor JM. 1,25-DihydroxyvitaminD3 regulation of phorbol ester receptors in HL-60 leukemiacells. J BiolChem1987;262(12):5570-75.
  • 8.DiRosa M, Malaguarnera M, Nicoletti F, et al. Vitamin D3: a helpful immuno-modulator. Immunology2011;134(2):123-39.
  • 9.Lemire JM. Immunomodulatory role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. J Cell Biochem 1992;49(1):26-31.
  • 10.Teymoori-Rad M, Shokri F, Salimi V, et al. The interplay between vitamin D and viral infections. Rev Med Virol 2019;29(2):e2032.
  • 11.Liu PT, Stenger S, Li H, et al. Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response. Science 2006;311(5768):1770-73.
  • 12. Teymoori-Rad M, Shokri F, Salimi V, et al. The inter play between vitamin D and viral infections. Rev Med Virol. 2019;29(2):e2032.
  • 13.Zhang Y, Leung DY, Richers BN, et al. Vitamin Dinhibits monocyte/macrophage pro inflammatory cytokine production by targeting MAPK phosphatase-1. J Immunol 2012;188(5):2127-35.
  • 14.Zhou YF, Luo BA, Qin LL. The association betweenvitamin D deficiency and community-acquired pneumonia: ameta-analysis of observational studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019;98(38):e17252.
  • 15.Tsujino I, Ushikoshi-Nakayama R, Yamazaki T, etal. Pulmonary activation of vitamin D3 and preventive effect against interstitial pneumonia. J Clin Bioc hem Nutr 2019;65(3):245–51.
  • 16.Tzilas V, Bouros E, Barbayianni I, et al. Vitamin Dprevent sex perimental lung fibrosis and predict ssurvival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulm PharmacolTher 2019;55:17–24.
  • 17.Nonnecke BJ, McGill JL, Ridpath JF, et al.Acute phaseresponseelicited by experimental bovine diarrheavirus (BVDV) infection is associated with decreased vitamin D and E status of vitamin-replete preruminant calves. J DairySci2014;97:5566–79.
  • 18. Kim H, Baek S, Hong SM, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3 and interleukin-6 blockade synergistically regulate rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing interleukin-17 production and osteoclastogenesis. JKoreanMedSci 2020; 35(6):e40.
  • 19. Rondanelli M, MicconoA, Lamburghinis, et al. Self-care for common colds: the pivotal role of vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc and Echinacea in three main immune interactive clusters (physicalbarriers, innateandadaptiveimmunity) involvedduring an episode of common colds- Practical advice on dosages and on the time to take the senutrients/botanicals in order to prevent or treat common colds. Evid-Based Complement Alternat Med 2018;2018:5813095.
  • 20.Sharifi A, Vahedi H, Nedjat S, Rafiei H, et al. Effect ofsingle‐dose injection of vitamin D on immunecytokines in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial. Apmis 2019;127(10), 681-7.
  • 21.Braiman M. Latitude Dependence of the COVID-19Mortality Rate—A Possible Relationship to Vitamin D Deficiency? (March 26, 2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3561958 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3561958
  • 22.Alipio M. Vitamin D supplementation could possiblyimprove clinical outcomes of patients infected with Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). Available at SSRN 3571484, 2020.
  • 23.Grant WB, Lahore H, McDonnell SL, et al. Evidencethat vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths. Nutrients 2020; 12(4):E988.
  • 24.Panarese A, Shaini E. Letter: Covid-19, and vitamin D.Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;51(10):993-95.
  • 25. Raharusun P. Priambada S. Budiarti C. et al. Patterns of COVID-19 mortality and vitamin D: an Indonesian study, (2020). doi:10.2139/ssrn.3585561

VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3, 237 - 240, 17.05.2021
https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.782591

Öz

Yeni koronavirüs COVID-19 pandemik hastalığının klinik ve ekonomik yükünü azaltmak için önlemler alınmaya ve tedaviler geliştirilmeye devam etmektedir. Hastalığın tanısında tercih edilen test yöntemi ağır akut solunum yolu yetersizliği sendromunda (SARS) olduğu gibi eş zamanlı polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR)’dır. Yeni nesil sekanslama, metagenomiks gibi ileri düzey sekanslamalar ile elde edilen sekans verisi, virüsün kaynağını ve nasıl yayıldığını anlayabilmek için oldukça önemlidir. İleri düzey sekanslamalar mutasyon takibi için önemlidir ve devam etmektedir. Global olarak devam eden COVID-19 enfeksiyonu salgınını, yayılımını sınırlamak ve tedavi etmek için insan koronavirüs enfeksiyonlarının laboratuvar tanısı oldukça önemlidir ve serolojik testler moleküler testlerle beraber değerlendirilmelidir. COVID-19 hastalarında SARS-CoV-2 virüsü konakçı hücrelere girmek için enfekte hastaların solunum yollarında anjiyotensin dönüştürücü enzim 2 reseptörüne bağlanır. Hastalığın erken evrelerinde koruyucu bağışıklık yanıtı virüsü ortadan kaldırmaktan sorumludur ve dolayısıyla bağışıklık yanıtlarını iyileştirecek stratejiler bu aşamada oldukça önemlidir. Hastalık ilerledikçe, pro-enflamatuar sitokinlerin, yani interlökinlerin salınmasına bağlı olarak akciğer iltihabı ve fibrozisi ortaya çıkar. SARS-CoV-2'ye karşı bağışıklık tepkisi ile ilgili bilgi boşluğu hastalığın tedavisi için bariyer oluşturmaya devam etmektedir. D vitamini immünomodülatör, antienflamatuar, antifibrotik ve antioksidan rollere sahip geniş spektrumlu bir sekosteroiddir. D vitamininin immünomodülatör ve antienflamatuar rollere sahip olması D vitaminin SARS-CoV-2 enfeksiyonuna karşı fayda sağlayabileceği varsayılmaktadır. D vitamininin soğuk algınlığı riskini azalttığının kanıtlanması, hücresel bağışıklığı arttırmasının anlaşılması, adaptif bağışıklığı modüle etmesi, ve antioksidasyon ile ilgili genlerin ifadesini arttırmasından dolayı COVID-19’u önlemek ve tedavi etmek için D vitamini takviyesi önerilmiştir. D vitamini düzeyleri ile COVID-19 şiddeti ve mortalitesi arasındaki ilişki konusunda yeterli kanıt henüz yoktur ve bu hipotezi test etmek için randomize kontrollü çalışmalar ve büyük ölçekli kohort çalışmaları gereklidir

Kaynakça

  • 1. World Health Organisation. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.Erişim1.09.2020.
  • 2. Wang L, Wang Y, Ye D, et al. A review of the 2019 NovelCoronavirus (COVID-19) based on current evidence. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020;55(6):105948.
  • 3.Xiaoling X, Mingfeng H, Tiantian L, et al. Effectivetreatment of severe COVID-19 patients witht ocilizumab. Proc Natl Acad Sci Unit States Am2020;117(20):10970-75.
  • 4.Tang YW, Schmitz JE, Persing DH, et al.Laboratorydiagnosis of COVID-19: current ıssues and challenges. J Clin Microbiol 2020;58(6):e00512-20.
  • 5.Batlle D, Wysocki J, Satchell K. Soluble angiotensinconverting enzyme 2: a potential approach for Coronavirus in fection therapy? ClinSci (Lond) 2020;134(5):543–5.
  • 6.Grant WB, Lahore H, McDonnell SL, et al. Evidencethat Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths. Nutrients 2020;12(4):988.
  • 7. Martell RE, Simpson RU, Taylor JM. 1,25-DihydroxyvitaminD3 regulation of phorbol ester receptors in HL-60 leukemiacells. J BiolChem1987;262(12):5570-75.
  • 8.DiRosa M, Malaguarnera M, Nicoletti F, et al. Vitamin D3: a helpful immuno-modulator. Immunology2011;134(2):123-39.
  • 9.Lemire JM. Immunomodulatory role of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3. J Cell Biochem 1992;49(1):26-31.
  • 10.Teymoori-Rad M, Shokri F, Salimi V, et al. The interplay between vitamin D and viral infections. Rev Med Virol 2019;29(2):e2032.
  • 11.Liu PT, Stenger S, Li H, et al. Toll-like receptor triggering of a vitamin D-mediated human antimicrobial response. Science 2006;311(5768):1770-73.
  • 12. Teymoori-Rad M, Shokri F, Salimi V, et al. The inter play between vitamin D and viral infections. Rev Med Virol. 2019;29(2):e2032.
  • 13.Zhang Y, Leung DY, Richers BN, et al. Vitamin Dinhibits monocyte/macrophage pro inflammatory cytokine production by targeting MAPK phosphatase-1. J Immunol 2012;188(5):2127-35.
  • 14.Zhou YF, Luo BA, Qin LL. The association betweenvitamin D deficiency and community-acquired pneumonia: ameta-analysis of observational studies. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019;98(38):e17252.
  • 15.Tsujino I, Ushikoshi-Nakayama R, Yamazaki T, etal. Pulmonary activation of vitamin D3 and preventive effect against interstitial pneumonia. J Clin Bioc hem Nutr 2019;65(3):245–51.
  • 16.Tzilas V, Bouros E, Barbayianni I, et al. Vitamin Dprevent sex perimental lung fibrosis and predict ssurvival in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Pulm PharmacolTher 2019;55:17–24.
  • 17.Nonnecke BJ, McGill JL, Ridpath JF, et al.Acute phaseresponseelicited by experimental bovine diarrheavirus (BVDV) infection is associated with decreased vitamin D and E status of vitamin-replete preruminant calves. J DairySci2014;97:5566–79.
  • 18. Kim H, Baek S, Hong SM, et al. 1,25-Dihydroxy vitamin D3 and interleukin-6 blockade synergistically regulate rheumatoid arthritis by suppressing interleukin-17 production and osteoclastogenesis. JKoreanMedSci 2020; 35(6):e40.
  • 19. Rondanelli M, MicconoA, Lamburghinis, et al. Self-care for common colds: the pivotal role of vitamin D, vitamin C, zinc and Echinacea in three main immune interactive clusters (physicalbarriers, innateandadaptiveimmunity) involvedduring an episode of common colds- Practical advice on dosages and on the time to take the senutrients/botanicals in order to prevent or treat common colds. Evid-Based Complement Alternat Med 2018;2018:5813095.
  • 20.Sharifi A, Vahedi H, Nedjat S, Rafiei H, et al. Effect ofsingle‐dose injection of vitamin D on immunecytokines in ulcerative colitis patients: a randomized placebo‐controlled trial. Apmis 2019;127(10), 681-7.
  • 21.Braiman M. Latitude Dependence of the COVID-19Mortality Rate—A Possible Relationship to Vitamin D Deficiency? (March 26, 2020). Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=3561958 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3561958
  • 22.Alipio M. Vitamin D supplementation could possiblyimprove clinical outcomes of patients infected with Coronavirus-2019 (COVID-19). Available at SSRN 3571484, 2020.
  • 23.Grant WB, Lahore H, McDonnell SL, et al. Evidencethat vitamin D supplementation could reduce risk of influenza and COVID-19 infections and deaths. Nutrients 2020; 12(4):E988.
  • 24.Panarese A, Shaini E. Letter: Covid-19, and vitamin D.Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2020;51(10):993-95.
  • 25. Raharusun P. Priambada S. Budiarti C. et al. Patterns of COVID-19 mortality and vitamin D: an Indonesian study, (2020). doi:10.2139/ssrn.3585561
Toplam 25 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Klinik Tıp Bilimleri
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Zeliha Tuncer 0000-0001-8131-1422

Yayımlanma Tarihi 17 Mayıs 2021
Kabul Tarihi 8 Şubat 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 22 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Tuncer, Z. (2021). VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi, 22(3), 237-240. https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.782591
AMA Tuncer Z. VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU. KTD. Mayıs 2021;22(3):237-240. doi:10.18229/kocatepetip.782591
Chicago Tuncer, Zeliha. “VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU”. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 22, sy. 3 (Mayıs 2021): 237-40. https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.782591.
EndNote Tuncer Z (01 Mayıs 2021) VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 22 3 237–240.
IEEE Z. Tuncer, “VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU”, KTD, c. 22, sy. 3, ss. 237–240, 2021, doi: 10.18229/kocatepetip.782591.
ISNAD Tuncer, Zeliha. “VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU”. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi 22/3 (Mayıs 2021), 237-240. https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.782591.
JAMA Tuncer Z. VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU. KTD. 2021;22:237–240.
MLA Tuncer, Zeliha. “VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU”. Kocatepe Tıp Dergisi, c. 22, sy. 3, 2021, ss. 237-40, doi:10.18229/kocatepetip.782591.
Vancouver Tuncer Z. VİTAMİN D VE COVİD-19 ENFEKSİYONU. KTD. 2021;22(3):237-40.

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