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Farklı Konsantrasyonlardaki Endemik Bitki Ekstraktlarını İçeren İnce Filmlerin Doktor Blade Yöntemiyle Üretilmesi: Yapı ve Optik Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 21 - 27
https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1434532

Öz

Bu çalışma Astragalus tokatensis Fisch., Helichrysum noeanum Boiss. ve Stachys huber-morathii R. Bhattacharjee ekstraktlarından elde edilen ince filmlerin optik analizinin kapsamlı bir araştırmasını sunmaktadır. Bitkilerin metanol ekstraktları Soxhlet ekstraktörü aracılığı ile elde edilmiştir. En yüksek ekstrakt verimi (%10,10) H. noeanum’da belirlenmiştir. Cam yüzeyine ince filmlerin üretilmesi için doktor blade yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Üretilen ince filmlerin optik davranışları UV-görünür yakın kızıl ötesi aracılığıyla soğurma ve geçirgenlik spektrumları elde edilmiştir. A. tokatensis örneği için maksimum geçirgenlik spekturum değerinin hemen hemen %90’a ulaştığı görülmektedir. Üretilen tüm filmler, optik soğurma spektrumunda benzer davranışlar sergilemektedir. Tauc teoremine göre, üretilen filmlerin yasak enerji bant aralıkları 3,68-3,81 eV olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, malzemelerde bulunan fonksiyonel grupları analiz etmek için Fourier dönüşümlü kızıl ötesi (FT-IR) spektroskopisi kullanılmıştır. FT-IR ölçümü neticesinde üretilen filmlerin karbonhidrat modeline sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, bitki ekstraksiyonu ile ince filmlerin üretimi için ekonomik bir yaklaşım modellemekte ve optoelektronik cihaz uygulamalarında yeni bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Bajić M, Ročnik T, Oberlintner A, Scognamiglio F, Novak U, Likozar B (2019). Natural plant extracts as active components in chitosan-based films: A comparative study. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 21:100365.
  • Barber J (2003). Photosystem II: the engine of life. Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics, 36(1):71–89.
  • Boichenko VA (2004). Photosynthetic units of phototrophic organisms. Biochemistry (Moscow), 69(5):471–484.
  • Byun EH, Kim JH, Sung NY, Choi J il, Lim ST, Kim KH, Yook HS, Byun MW, Lee JW (2008). Effects of gamma irradiation on the physical and structural properties of β-glucan. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 77(6):781–786.
  • Chang DP, Barauskas J, Dabkowska AP, Wadsäter M, Tiberg F, Nylander T (2015). Non-lamellar lipid liquid crystalline structures at interfaces. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 222:135–147.
  • Chen L, Shenai P, Zheng F, Somoza A, Zhao Y (2015). Optimal energy transfer in light-harvesting systems. Molecules, 20(8):15224–15272.
  • Davis PH (1988). Flora of Turkey and East Aegen islands. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
  • Gloeckler M, Sites JR (2005). Efficiency limitations for wide-band-gap chalcopyrite solar cells. Thin Solid Films, 480–481:241–245.
  • Gu J, Wu H, Liu J, Ding Y, Liu Y, Huang G, Xu X (2024). A comprehensive review of high-transmittance low-conductivity material-assisted radiant cooling air conditioning: materials, mechanisms, and application perspectives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 189:113972.
  • Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (2012). A checklist of the flora of Turkey (Vascular Plants). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden and Flora Research Association Publication, Flora Series 1, İstanbul
  • Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KH. (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands, Supplement-II. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
  • He X, Maier C, Chavan SG, Zhao C-C, Alagoz Y, Cazzonelli C, Ghannoum O, Tissue DT, Chen Z-H (2021). Light-altering cover materials and sustainable greenhouse production of vegetables: a review. Plant Growth Regulation, 95:1–17.
  • Hu J, Jia X, Fang X, Li P, He C, Chen M (2016). Ultrasonic extraction, antioxidant and anticancer activities of novel polysaccharides from Chuanxiong rhizome. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 85:277–284.
  • Islam MN, Podder J (2021). The role of Al and Co co-doping on the band gap tuning of TiO2 thin films for applications in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 121:105419.
  • Jeyaram S, Geethakrishnan T (2019). Linear and nonlinear optical properties of chlorophyll-a extracted from Andrographis paniculata leaves. Optics and Laser Technology, 116:31–36.
  • Jia X, Zhang C, Qiu J, Wang L, Bao J, Wang K, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wan J, Su H, Han J, He C (2015). Purification, structural characterization and anticancer activity of the novel polysaccharides from Rhynchosia minima root. Carbohydrate Polymers, 132:67–71.
  • Kiang NY, Siefert J, Govindjee, Blankenship RE (2007). Spectral signatures of photosynthesis. I. review of Earth organisms. Astrobiology, 7(1):222–251.
  • Lu P, Zhang H, Shen F, Yang B, Li D, Ma Y, Chen X, Li J, Tamai N (2003). A wide-bandgap semiconducting polymer for ultraviolet and blue light emitting diodes. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 204(18):2274–2280.
  • Maraveas C (2019). Environmental sustainability of greenhouse covering materials. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(21):6129.
  • McLaughlin DVP, Pearce JM (2013). Progress in indium gallium nitride materials for solar photovoltaic energy conversion. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 44(4):1947–1954.
  • Muñoz-Huerta RF, Guevara-Gonzalez RG, Contreras-Medina LM, Torres-Pacheco I, Prado-Olivarez J, Ocampo-Velazquez RV (2013). A review of methods for sensing the nitrogen status in plants: advantages, disadvantages and recent advances. Sensors (Switzerland), 13(8):10823–10843.
  • Narayanan N, Deepak NK (2017). Band gap bowing of nanocrystalline Zn(1−x)CaxO thin films for blue and ultraviolet optoelectronic applications. Solid State Sciences, 71:42–50.
  • Omia E, Bae H, Park E, Kim MS, Baek I, Kabenge I, Cho B-K (2023). Remote sensing in field crop monitoring: a comprehensive review of sensor systems, data analyses and recent advances. Remote Sensing, 15(2):354.
  • Panwar J, Autour A, Merten CA (2023). Design and construction of a microfluidics workstation for high-throughput multi-wavelength fluorescence and transmittance activated droplet analysis and sorting. Nature Protocols, 18(4):1090–1136.
  • Radotić K, Melø TB, Lindgren M (2023). A fluorescence spectroscopic study of light transmission and adaxial-abaxial distribution of emitting compounds in leaves of Christmas star (Euphorbia pulcherrima). Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 303:123269.
  • Rusak DA, Kawka EA, Trexler EB (2010). Note: investigation of a null measurement of optical absorbance using a pulse width modulated light-emitting diode. Review of Scientific Instruments, 81(1):016107.
  • Saewan N, Jimtaisong A (2015). Natural products as photoprotection. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 14(1):47–63.
  • Saleque AM, Nowshin N, Ivan MNAS, Ahmed S, Tsang YH (2022). Natural porous materials for interfacial solar steam generation toward clean water production. Solar RRL, 6(4):2100986.
  • Sangeetha G, Rajeshwari S, Venckatesh R (2011). Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by aloe barbadensis miller leaf extract: structure and optical properties. Materials Research Bulletin, 46(12):2560–2566.
  • Sargent D, Conaty WC, Tissue DT, Sharwood RE (2022). Synthetic biology and opportunities within agricultural crops. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, 1(2):89–107.
  • Sharifi-Rad M, Pohl P, Epifano F, Álvarez-Suarez JM (2020). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Astragalus tribuloides Delile. root extract: characterization, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanomaterials, 10:2383.
  • Sharma P, Bhardwaj DR, Singh MK, Nigam R, Pala NA, Kumar A, Verma K, Kumar D, Thakur P (2023). Geospatial technology in agroforestry: status, prospects, and constraints. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(55):116459–116487.
  • Shin N, Katsumata C, Miura T, Tsutsumida N, Ichie T, Kotani A, Nakagawa M, Khoon KL, Kobayashi H, Kumagai T, Ichii K, Tokumoto Y (2023). Perspective: improving the accuracy of plant phenology observations and land-cover and land-use detection by optical satellite remote-sensing in the Asian tropics. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6:1106723.
  • Shur M (2019). Wide band gap semiconductor technology: state-of-the-art. Solid-State Electronics, 155:65–75.
  • Tang S, Qiu W, Xiao S, Tong Y, Yang S (2020). Harnessing hierarchical architectures to trap light for efficient photoelectrochemical cells. Energy and Environmental Science, 13(3):660–684.
  • Tauc J, Grigorovici R, Vancu A (1966). Optical properties and electronic structure of amorphous germanium. Physica Status Solidi (B), 15(2):627–637.
  • Tunç U (2019). A research on the flora of Kazova valley (Tokat-Merkez-Pazar-Turhal), Master thesis. Ondokuz Mayıs University
  • Vollmann J, Eynck C (2015). Camelina as a sustainable oilseed crop: contributions of plant breeding and genetic engineering. Biotechnology Journal, 10(4):525–535.
  • Wang C, Li M, Wang G, Gu S, Cheng H (2021a). Application progress of plant fiber/thermoplastic polymer prepreg in automotive lightweight field. Linye Kexue/Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 57(9):168–180.
  • Wang D, Li M, Lu R, Zhang C (2021b). Multilayer thin film based structural color filters: principle, fabrication and applications. Rengong Jingti Xuebao/Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 50(7):1287–1306.
  • Zhang G, Yin Q, Han T, Zhao Y, Su J, Li M, Ling J (2015). Purification and antioxidant effect of novel fungal polysaccharides from the stroma of Cordyceps kyushuensis. Industrial Crops and Products, 69:485–491.
  • Zumahi SMA Al, Arobi N, Taha H, Hossain MK, Kabir H, Matin R, Bashar MS, Ahmed F, Hossain MA, Rahman MM (2020). Extraction, optical properties, and aging studies of natural pigments of various flower plants. Heliyon, 6(9):e05104.

Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 21 - 27
https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1434532

Öz

This study provides a thorough properties of the optical analysis of the thin films which produced from Astragalus tokatensis Fisch., Helichrysum noeanum Boiss. and Stachys huber-morathii R. Bhattacharjee extracts. Methanol extracts of plants were obtained via Soxhlet extractor. The highest extract yield (10.10%) was determined in H. noeanum. Doctor blade coating method is used to make thin film layer on glass substrate. The optical behavior of the deposited films is tested by means of he UV-vis-near IR absorbance and transmittance characterization. It is found that the maximum transmittance spectra reaches nearly to a value of 90 % for A. tokatensis sample. Significantly, all the samples display same optical absorbace spectra behavior. Energy band gaps of the films are presented based on Tauc relation and were found to be in the range between 3.68-3.81 eV. Besides, the analysis of functional groups available in the materials is broadly studied by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. FT-IR measurement also confirms that all produced films have carbohydrate pattern. These findings demonstrate a cost-efficient approach for the production of thin films with plant extraction, and open a new perspective on the potential applications of optoelectronic devices.

Kaynakça

  • Bajić M, Ročnik T, Oberlintner A, Scognamiglio F, Novak U, Likozar B (2019). Natural plant extracts as active components in chitosan-based films: A comparative study. Food Packaging and Shelf Life, 21:100365.
  • Barber J (2003). Photosystem II: the engine of life. Quarterly Reviews of Biophysics, 36(1):71–89.
  • Boichenko VA (2004). Photosynthetic units of phototrophic organisms. Biochemistry (Moscow), 69(5):471–484.
  • Byun EH, Kim JH, Sung NY, Choi J il, Lim ST, Kim KH, Yook HS, Byun MW, Lee JW (2008). Effects of gamma irradiation on the physical and structural properties of β-glucan. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 77(6):781–786.
  • Chang DP, Barauskas J, Dabkowska AP, Wadsäter M, Tiberg F, Nylander T (2015). Non-lamellar lipid liquid crystalline structures at interfaces. Advances in Colloid and Interface Science, 222:135–147.
  • Chen L, Shenai P, Zheng F, Somoza A, Zhao Y (2015). Optimal energy transfer in light-harvesting systems. Molecules, 20(8):15224–15272.
  • Davis PH (1988). Flora of Turkey and East Aegen islands. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
  • Gloeckler M, Sites JR (2005). Efficiency limitations for wide-band-gap chalcopyrite solar cells. Thin Solid Films, 480–481:241–245.
  • Gu J, Wu H, Liu J, Ding Y, Liu Y, Huang G, Xu X (2024). A comprehensive review of high-transmittance low-conductivity material-assisted radiant cooling air conditioning: materials, mechanisms, and application perspectives. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 189:113972.
  • Güner A, Aslan S, Ekim T, Vural M, Babaç MT (2012). A checklist of the flora of Turkey (Vascular Plants). Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanical Garden and Flora Research Association Publication, Flora Series 1, İstanbul
  • Güner A, Özhatay N, Ekim T, Başer KH. (2000). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean islands, Supplement-II. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh
  • He X, Maier C, Chavan SG, Zhao C-C, Alagoz Y, Cazzonelli C, Ghannoum O, Tissue DT, Chen Z-H (2021). Light-altering cover materials and sustainable greenhouse production of vegetables: a review. Plant Growth Regulation, 95:1–17.
  • Hu J, Jia X, Fang X, Li P, He C, Chen M (2016). Ultrasonic extraction, antioxidant and anticancer activities of novel polysaccharides from Chuanxiong rhizome. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 85:277–284.
  • Islam MN, Podder J (2021). The role of Al and Co co-doping on the band gap tuning of TiO2 thin films for applications in photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices. Materials Science in Semiconductor Processing, 121:105419.
  • Jeyaram S, Geethakrishnan T (2019). Linear and nonlinear optical properties of chlorophyll-a extracted from Andrographis paniculata leaves. Optics and Laser Technology, 116:31–36.
  • Jia X, Zhang C, Qiu J, Wang L, Bao J, Wang K, Zhang Y, Chen M, Wan J, Su H, Han J, He C (2015). Purification, structural characterization and anticancer activity of the novel polysaccharides from Rhynchosia minima root. Carbohydrate Polymers, 132:67–71.
  • Kiang NY, Siefert J, Govindjee, Blankenship RE (2007). Spectral signatures of photosynthesis. I. review of Earth organisms. Astrobiology, 7(1):222–251.
  • Lu P, Zhang H, Shen F, Yang B, Li D, Ma Y, Chen X, Li J, Tamai N (2003). A wide-bandgap semiconducting polymer for ultraviolet and blue light emitting diodes. Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics, 204(18):2274–2280.
  • Maraveas C (2019). Environmental sustainability of greenhouse covering materials. Sustainability (Switzerland), 11(21):6129.
  • McLaughlin DVP, Pearce JM (2013). Progress in indium gallium nitride materials for solar photovoltaic energy conversion. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science, 44(4):1947–1954.
  • Muñoz-Huerta RF, Guevara-Gonzalez RG, Contreras-Medina LM, Torres-Pacheco I, Prado-Olivarez J, Ocampo-Velazquez RV (2013). A review of methods for sensing the nitrogen status in plants: advantages, disadvantages and recent advances. Sensors (Switzerland), 13(8):10823–10843.
  • Narayanan N, Deepak NK (2017). Band gap bowing of nanocrystalline Zn(1−x)CaxO thin films for blue and ultraviolet optoelectronic applications. Solid State Sciences, 71:42–50.
  • Omia E, Bae H, Park E, Kim MS, Baek I, Kabenge I, Cho B-K (2023). Remote sensing in field crop monitoring: a comprehensive review of sensor systems, data analyses and recent advances. Remote Sensing, 15(2):354.
  • Panwar J, Autour A, Merten CA (2023). Design and construction of a microfluidics workstation for high-throughput multi-wavelength fluorescence and transmittance activated droplet analysis and sorting. Nature Protocols, 18(4):1090–1136.
  • Radotić K, Melø TB, Lindgren M (2023). A fluorescence spectroscopic study of light transmission and adaxial-abaxial distribution of emitting compounds in leaves of Christmas star (Euphorbia pulcherrima). Spectrochimica Acta - Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 303:123269.
  • Rusak DA, Kawka EA, Trexler EB (2010). Note: investigation of a null measurement of optical absorbance using a pulse width modulated light-emitting diode. Review of Scientific Instruments, 81(1):016107.
  • Saewan N, Jimtaisong A (2015). Natural products as photoprotection. Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, 14(1):47–63.
  • Saleque AM, Nowshin N, Ivan MNAS, Ahmed S, Tsang YH (2022). Natural porous materials for interfacial solar steam generation toward clean water production. Solar RRL, 6(4):2100986.
  • Sangeetha G, Rajeshwari S, Venckatesh R (2011). Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles by aloe barbadensis miller leaf extract: structure and optical properties. Materials Research Bulletin, 46(12):2560–2566.
  • Sargent D, Conaty WC, Tissue DT, Sharwood RE (2022). Synthetic biology and opportunities within agricultural crops. Journal of Sustainable Agriculture and Environment, 1(2):89–107.
  • Sharifi-Rad M, Pohl P, Epifano F, Álvarez-Suarez JM (2020). Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Astragalus tribuloides Delile. root extract: characterization, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory activities. Nanomaterials, 10:2383.
  • Sharma P, Bhardwaj DR, Singh MK, Nigam R, Pala NA, Kumar A, Verma K, Kumar D, Thakur P (2023). Geospatial technology in agroforestry: status, prospects, and constraints. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(55):116459–116487.
  • Shin N, Katsumata C, Miura T, Tsutsumida N, Ichie T, Kotani A, Nakagawa M, Khoon KL, Kobayashi H, Kumagai T, Ichii K, Tokumoto Y (2023). Perspective: improving the accuracy of plant phenology observations and land-cover and land-use detection by optical satellite remote-sensing in the Asian tropics. Frontiers in Forests and Global Change, 6:1106723.
  • Shur M (2019). Wide band gap semiconductor technology: state-of-the-art. Solid-State Electronics, 155:65–75.
  • Tang S, Qiu W, Xiao S, Tong Y, Yang S (2020). Harnessing hierarchical architectures to trap light for efficient photoelectrochemical cells. Energy and Environmental Science, 13(3):660–684.
  • Tauc J, Grigorovici R, Vancu A (1966). Optical properties and electronic structure of amorphous germanium. Physica Status Solidi (B), 15(2):627–637.
  • Tunç U (2019). A research on the flora of Kazova valley (Tokat-Merkez-Pazar-Turhal), Master thesis. Ondokuz Mayıs University
  • Vollmann J, Eynck C (2015). Camelina as a sustainable oilseed crop: contributions of plant breeding and genetic engineering. Biotechnology Journal, 10(4):525–535.
  • Wang C, Li M, Wang G, Gu S, Cheng H (2021a). Application progress of plant fiber/thermoplastic polymer prepreg in automotive lightweight field. Linye Kexue/Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 57(9):168–180.
  • Wang D, Li M, Lu R, Zhang C (2021b). Multilayer thin film based structural color filters: principle, fabrication and applications. Rengong Jingti Xuebao/Journal of Synthetic Crystals, 50(7):1287–1306.
  • Zhang G, Yin Q, Han T, Zhao Y, Su J, Li M, Ling J (2015). Purification and antioxidant effect of novel fungal polysaccharides from the stroma of Cordyceps kyushuensis. Industrial Crops and Products, 69:485–491.
  • Zumahi SMA Al, Arobi N, Taha H, Hossain MK, Kabir H, Matin R, Bashar MS, Ahmed F, Hossain MA, Rahman MM (2020). Extraction, optical properties, and aging studies of natural pigments of various flower plants. Heliyon, 6(9):e05104.
Toplam 42 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Malzeme Fiziği, Kaplama Teknolojisi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yunus Emre Fırat 0000-0003-0510-6640

Buğrahan Emsen 0000-0002-9636-2596

Adem Sarsılmaz 0000-0003-1463-9764

Burak Sürmen 0000-0002-4055-613X

Faruk Özel 0000-0002-3689-0469

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 21 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi
Gönderilme Tarihi 9 Şubat 2024
Kabul Tarihi 15 Mart 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Fırat, Y. E., Emsen, B., Sarsılmaz, A., Sürmen, B., vd. (2024). Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1434532
AMA Fırat YE, Emsen B, Sarsılmaz A, Sürmen B, Özel F. Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties. KMUJENS. Mart 2024;6(1):21-27. doi:10.55213/kmujens.1434532
Chicago Fırat, Yunus Emre, Buğrahan Emsen, Adem Sarsılmaz, Burak Sürmen, ve Faruk Özel. “Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 6, sy. 1 (Mart 2024): 21-27. https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1434532.
EndNote Fırat YE, Emsen B, Sarsılmaz A, Sürmen B, Özel F (01 Mart 2024) Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 6 1 21–27.
IEEE Y. E. Fırat, B. Emsen, A. Sarsılmaz, B. Sürmen, ve F. Özel, “Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties”, KMUJENS, c. 6, sy. 1, ss. 21–27, 2024, doi: 10.55213/kmujens.1434532.
ISNAD Fırat, Yunus Emre vd. “Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi 6/1 (Mart 2024), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.55213/kmujens.1434532.
JAMA Fırat YE, Emsen B, Sarsılmaz A, Sürmen B, Özel F. Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties. KMUJENS. 2024;6:21–27.
MLA Fırat, Yunus Emre vd. “Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties”. Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, c. 6, sy. 1, 2024, ss. 21-27, doi:10.55213/kmujens.1434532.
Vancouver Fırat YE, Emsen B, Sarsılmaz A, Sürmen B, Özel F. Doctor Blade Casting of Thin Films Containing Different Concentrated Endemic Plant Extracts: Determination of Structure and Optical Properties. KMUJENS. 2024;6(1):21-7.

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