Araştırma Makalesi
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Sağlık Çalışanlarının Maruz Kaldığı Kimyasallar Konusundaki Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Hata Türleri Etkileri Analizi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 188 - 200, 22.12.2023

Zeynep Ayla Tisinli Şeyda Saydamlı Itır Erkan

https://doi.org/10.58770/joinihp.1378496

Öz

Sağlık çalışanlarının kimyasal maruziyeti birçok sağlık sorununa ve işgücü kaybına neden olması bakımından bu tür riskleri tespit etmek önemlidir. Bu araştırmanın amacı sağlık çalışanlarının kimyasal maddeler hakkındaki bilgi düzeylerini, maruz kaldıkları kimyasal maddelerini, kimyasalların neden olduğu sağlık sorunlarını belirlemek ve “Hata Türleri ve Etkileri Analizi (HTEA)” ile risk değerlendirme yapmaktır. Bu araştırmaya İstanbul’da özel bir hastanenin 263 sağlık çalışanı (hemşire, sağlık teknisyeni ve laboratuvar çalışanları) katılmıştır. Katılımcılara 17 maddelik demografik soru ve kimyasal maruziyeti konusundaki bilgi ve farkındalıklarını ölçmek amacıyla anket ve 46 maddelik ölçek uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen veriler incelendiğinde erkeklerin kimyasallardan korunma yolları puanı, kadınlara kıyasla daha yüksektir. Sigara kullanma durumunun Kimyasal Maruziyet Farkındalık Ölçeği alt boyutları olan kimyasallardan korunma yolları puanları ve toplam puanları üzerinde etkisi incelendiğinde, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmamıştır. Araştırmada hata türleri ve risk öncelik puanları belirlenmiştir. Tespit edilen riskler için gerçekleştirilen düzeltici uygulamalardan sonra yüksek riskli olan hataların Risk Öncelik katsayısı 1140 puandan 234 puana düşmüştür. Bu sonuca göre iyileştirici faaliyetler ile potansiyel riskin % 79,48 oranında azaltıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak sağlık kurumlarında sağlık çalışanlarının tehlikeli kimyasallara maruziyetin azaltılması; etkili eğitim ve düzenli kontrollerle sağlanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kimyasal riskler HTEA sağlık çalışanları

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırmanın yürütülmesi için İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi Etik Kurulundan 15.05.2023 tarihinde yapılan 2023/05-1064 sayılı toplantıda onay alınmıştır.

Teşekkür

Araştırma katılma gönüllü olan sağlık çalışanlarına, Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesi Gaziosmanpaşa Hastanesi yönetimine ve İstanbul Yeni Yüzyıl Üniversitesine teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • [1] T. Santos. “Chemicals”, Industry and Health. https://eeb.org/work-areas/industry-health/chemicals/ Erişim Tarihi:27.06.2023.
  • [2] H. Gül, “Occupational health and safety in operating rooms in healthcare access”, IntechOpen.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97223, 2021.
  • [3] B.C. Rutala and WA. Hamory. “Expanding role of hospital epidemiology: Employee health. Chemical exposure in the health care setting”. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, v. 10, no. 6, pp. 261–266, 2016.
  • [4] P.K. Triolo. “Occupational health hazards of hospital staff nurses part II: Physical, chemical, and biological stressors”. American Association of Occupational Health Nurses Journal, v. 37, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 1989.
  • [5] Y. Shi, H. Xue, Y. Ma, L.Wang, T. Gao, L, Shi, Y. Wang, M. Cui, C. Wang, X. Yang, M. Liu, L. Fan, and G. Yan. “Prevalence of occupational exposure and its influence on job satisfaction among Chinese healthcare workers: a large-sample, cross-sectional study”. BMJ Open, v: 16, no. 10(4), pp. e031953, 2020.
  • [6] N. Nankongnab, P. Kongtip, M. Tipayamongkholgul, P. Silpasuwan, O. Kaewboonchoo, P. Luksamijarulkul, and S. Woskie. “Occupational hazards, health conditions and personal protective equipment used among healthcare workers in hospitals, Thailand”. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, v. 27, no. 3, pp. 804-824, 2021.
  • [7] G. Cerev and S. Yıldırım. “Çalışanların kişisel özelliklerinin iş kazası ve meslek hastalıklarına etkisi üzerine bir inceleme”. Fırat Üniversitesi Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, v. 21, no.1, pp. 53-72, 2018.
  • [8] U.S. Depertment of Labor. Chemical hazards and toxic substances. “Occupational Safety and Health Administration” https://www.osha.gov/chemical-hazards/controlling-exposure. Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2023.
  • [9] WHO, Occupational health: health workers https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/occupational-health--health-workers Erişim Tarihi:20.07.2023
  • [10] International Organization for Standardization. IEC/ISO 31010: 2009. Risk Management – Risk Assessment Techniques. https://www.iso.org/standard/51073.html Erişim Tarihi:15.10.2023.
  • [11] JP. Robinson, PR Shaver and LS. Wrightsman, Measures of personality and social psycho- logical attitudes. San Diego (CA): Academic Press, Inc; pp. 1–16. 1991.
  • [12] L.A. Aday, “Designing and conducting health surveys”. San Fransisco (CA): Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1996.
  • [13] L.A. Geer, B.A. Curbow, D.H. Anna, P.S.J. Lees, and T.J. Buckley. “Development of a questionnaire to assess worker knowledge, attitudes and perceptions underlying dermal exposure”. Scandinave Journal of Work Environ Health, v. 32, no.3, pp. 209–218, 2006.
  • [14] D.S. Denny, D.K. Allen, N. Worthington and D. Gupta. “The Use of failure mode and effect analysis in a radiation oncology setting: The cancer treatment centers of america experience”. Journal of Healthcare Quality, v. 36, no. 1, pp. 18–28, 2014.
  • [15] R. Papadopoli, C. G. A. Nobile, A. Trovato, C. Pileggi, and M. Pavia “Chemical risk and safety awareness, perception, and practices among research laboratories workers in Italy”. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 15(1), 1-11, 2020.
  • [16] N. Liu, H. Lu, X.Q. Yi, Y. Yang, and X.H. Huang, “Nurses’ knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors regarding antineoplastic drugs: the mediating role of protective knowledge”. Frontiers of Nursing, 9(2), 155-163, 2022.
  • [17] I.I. Andsoy, D. Kes, R. Top, and İ.C. Dikici. “The world threat chemical war: What do nurses know about the things to be done in a chemical attack?” Bozok Medical Journal, v. 6, no. 3, pp. 15-20, 2016.
  • [18] G, Şen, and G. Ersoy. “Evaluating the level of knowledge of a hospital disaster relief team about disaster preparedness”. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences, v. 64, no. 1, pp. 122-130, 2017.
  • [19] M.A., Henriques, and D.S. Loura, “Concepts and theories in behaviour change to support chronic disease self-management”. A Practical Guide on Behaviour Change Support for Self-Managing Chronic Disease. Guerreiro, M.P., Brito Félix, I., Moreira Marques, M. (eds) Springer, Cham, pp.11–21. 2023.
  • [20] Y. Ma, X. Ni, Y. Shi, C. Yan, L. Shi, Z, Li, X. Gao, D. Wang, X., L. Yang, and Wang, Y. “Epidemic characteristics and related risk factors of occupational exposure for pediatric health care workers in Chinese public hospitals: a cross-sectional study”.BMC Nurses' Health, v. 19, no. 1, pp. 1452-1453, 2019.
  • [21] F. Azizoğlu, A. Köse, and H. Gül. Self‐reported environmental health risks of nurses working in hospital surgical units. International Nursing Review, v. 66, no. 1, pp. 87-93, 2019.
  • [22] R. Xelegati, M. Robazzi, M. Marziale, and Haas, V. “Chemical occupational risks identified by nurses in a hospital environment”, Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, v. 14, no.2, pp. 1-7, 2006.
  • [23] S.D. Rocha, A.N.H. Gomes, P.R.G. Zen, and C.G. Bica. “Handling of antineoplastic drugs: a health concern among health care workers”. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Trabalho, v. 3, no. 18(4), pp. 407-414, 2021.
  • [24] I. Kayabek, and Çevik, C. “Sağlık çalışanlarında iş yeri risk faktörleri ve korumaya ilişkin bir derleme”, Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, v. 5, no. 2, pp. 258-268, 2022.
  • [25] A.H. Dökmeci, E. Deniz. “Kimyasal, biyolojik, radyolojik, nükleer olaylarında sağlık okuryazarlığı”, Afet ve Risk Dergisi, v. 6, no. 1, pp. 273-293, 2023.
  • [26] C.C. Lawson, C.Y. Johnson, F.L. Nassan, T.H. Connor, J.M. Boiano, C.M. Rocheleau, J.E . Chavarro, and J.W. Rich-Edwards. Antineoplastic drug administration by pregnant and nonpregnant nurses: An exploration of the use of protective gloves and gowns. American Journal of Nurses, v. 119, no. 1, pp. 28-35, 2019
  • [27] ILO, 2023. How can occupational safety and health be managed? doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000552583.69729.51. Erişim tarihi: 16.06.2023.
  • [28] E.K. Kurgat, I. Weru, D.W. Godman, B. A. Kurdi & A.N. Guantai. “Proactive risk assessment of vincristine use process in a teaching and referral hospital in Kenya and the implications”, Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice. v.1, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2019.
  • [29] Y. Jiang, H. Jiang, S. Ding, and Q. Liu, “Application of failure mode and effects analysis in a clinical chemistry laboratory”. Clinical Chimical Acta, v. 448, no. 1, pp. 80-85, 2015.
  • [30] VV. Hoof, S. Bench, AB. Soto, PP. Luppa, A. Malpass, U.M. Schilling, K.D. Rooney, A. Stretton, and A.N. Tintu. “Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) at the preanalytical phase for POCT blood gas analysis: proposal for a shared proactive risk analysis model”. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, v. 60, no: 8, pp.1186-1201, 2022

Knowledge Levels of Healthcare Professionals on the Chemicals Exposed and Failure Modes and Effect Analysis

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 188 - 200, 22.12.2023

Zeynep Ayla Tisinli Şeyda Saydamlı Itır Erkan

https://doi.org/10.58770/joinihp.1378496

Öz

Healthcare workers cause many health problems and workforce losses because of chemical exposure is important to detect such risks. This research aims to determine the knowledge level of healthcare professionals about chemicals, the chemicals they are exposed to, and the health problems caused by chemicals, and to make a risk assessment with "Failure Modes and Effect Analysis" (FMEA) analysis. 263 healthcare professionals (nurses, healthcare technicians and laboratory workers) of a private hospital in Istanbul participated in this research. A 17-item demographic question and a 46-item scale were administered to the participants to measure their knowledge and awareness about chemical exposure. When the data obtained is examined, men's scores on ways to protect themselves from chemicals are higher than those of women. When examining the effect of smoking status on the Chemical Exposure Awareness Scale sub-dimensions, ways to avoid chemicals, and total scores, no statistically significant difference was found. Failure modes and risk priority scores were determined in the research. After the corrective practices for the detected risks, the risk priority coefficient of high-risk errors decreased from 1140 points to 234 points. According to this result, it was determined that the potential risk was reduced by 79.48% with curative activities. As a result of reducing the exposure of healthcare workers to hazardous chemicals in healthcare institutions, they should be provided with effective training and regular checks.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chemical risks FMEA healthcare workers

Kaynakça

  • [1] T. Santos. “Chemicals”, Industry and Health. https://eeb.org/work-areas/industry-health/chemicals/ Erişim Tarihi:27.06.2023.
  • [2] H. Gül, “Occupational health and safety in operating rooms in healthcare access”, IntechOpen.doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97223, 2021.
  • [3] B.C. Rutala and WA. Hamory. “Expanding role of hospital epidemiology: Employee health. Chemical exposure in the health care setting”. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, v. 10, no. 6, pp. 261–266, 2016.
  • [4] P.K. Triolo. “Occupational health hazards of hospital staff nurses part II: Physical, chemical, and biological stressors”. American Association of Occupational Health Nurses Journal, v. 37, no. 1, pp. 1-7, 1989.
  • [5] Y. Shi, H. Xue, Y. Ma, L.Wang, T. Gao, L, Shi, Y. Wang, M. Cui, C. Wang, X. Yang, M. Liu, L. Fan, and G. Yan. “Prevalence of occupational exposure and its influence on job satisfaction among Chinese healthcare workers: a large-sample, cross-sectional study”. BMJ Open, v: 16, no. 10(4), pp. e031953, 2020.
  • [6] N. Nankongnab, P. Kongtip, M. Tipayamongkholgul, P. Silpasuwan, O. Kaewboonchoo, P. Luksamijarulkul, and S. Woskie. “Occupational hazards, health conditions and personal protective equipment used among healthcare workers in hospitals, Thailand”. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal, v. 27, no. 3, pp. 804-824, 2021.
  • [7] G. Cerev and S. Yıldırım. “Çalışanların kişisel özelliklerinin iş kazası ve meslek hastalıklarına etkisi üzerine bir inceleme”. Fırat Üniversitesi Uluslararası İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, v. 21, no.1, pp. 53-72, 2018.
  • [8] U.S. Depertment of Labor. Chemical hazards and toxic substances. “Occupational Safety and Health Administration” https://www.osha.gov/chemical-hazards/controlling-exposure. Erişim Tarihi: 12.03.2023.
  • [9] WHO, Occupational health: health workers https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/occupational-health--health-workers Erişim Tarihi:20.07.2023
  • [10] International Organization for Standardization. IEC/ISO 31010: 2009. Risk Management – Risk Assessment Techniques. https://www.iso.org/standard/51073.html Erişim Tarihi:15.10.2023.
  • [11] JP. Robinson, PR Shaver and LS. Wrightsman, Measures of personality and social psycho- logical attitudes. San Diego (CA): Academic Press, Inc; pp. 1–16. 1991.
  • [12] L.A. Aday, “Designing and conducting health surveys”. San Fransisco (CA): Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1996.
  • [13] L.A. Geer, B.A. Curbow, D.H. Anna, P.S.J. Lees, and T.J. Buckley. “Development of a questionnaire to assess worker knowledge, attitudes and perceptions underlying dermal exposure”. Scandinave Journal of Work Environ Health, v. 32, no.3, pp. 209–218, 2006.
  • [14] D.S. Denny, D.K. Allen, N. Worthington and D. Gupta. “The Use of failure mode and effect analysis in a radiation oncology setting: The cancer treatment centers of america experience”. Journal of Healthcare Quality, v. 36, no. 1, pp. 18–28, 2014.
  • [15] R. Papadopoli, C. G. A. Nobile, A. Trovato, C. Pileggi, and M. Pavia “Chemical risk and safety awareness, perception, and practices among research laboratories workers in Italy”. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 15(1), 1-11, 2020.
  • [16] N. Liu, H. Lu, X.Q. Yi, Y. Yang, and X.H. Huang, “Nurses’ knowledge, perceptions, and behaviors regarding antineoplastic drugs: the mediating role of protective knowledge”. Frontiers of Nursing, 9(2), 155-163, 2022.
  • [17] I.I. Andsoy, D. Kes, R. Top, and İ.C. Dikici. “The world threat chemical war: What do nurses know about the things to be done in a chemical attack?” Bozok Medical Journal, v. 6, no. 3, pp. 15-20, 2016.
  • [18] G, Şen, and G. Ersoy. “Evaluating the level of knowledge of a hospital disaster relief team about disaster preparedness”. Gümüşhane University Journal of Health Sciences, v. 64, no. 1, pp. 122-130, 2017.
  • [19] M.A., Henriques, and D.S. Loura, “Concepts and theories in behaviour change to support chronic disease self-management”. A Practical Guide on Behaviour Change Support for Self-Managing Chronic Disease. Guerreiro, M.P., Brito Félix, I., Moreira Marques, M. (eds) Springer, Cham, pp.11–21. 2023.
  • [20] Y. Ma, X. Ni, Y. Shi, C. Yan, L. Shi, Z, Li, X. Gao, D. Wang, X., L. Yang, and Wang, Y. “Epidemic characteristics and related risk factors of occupational exposure for pediatric health care workers in Chinese public hospitals: a cross-sectional study”.BMC Nurses' Health, v. 19, no. 1, pp. 1452-1453, 2019.
  • [21] F. Azizoğlu, A. Köse, and H. Gül. Self‐reported environmental health risks of nurses working in hospital surgical units. International Nursing Review, v. 66, no. 1, pp. 87-93, 2019.
  • [22] R. Xelegati, M. Robazzi, M. Marziale, and Haas, V. “Chemical occupational risks identified by nurses in a hospital environment”, Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem, v. 14, no.2, pp. 1-7, 2006.
  • [23] S.D. Rocha, A.N.H. Gomes, P.R.G. Zen, and C.G. Bica. “Handling of antineoplastic drugs: a health concern among health care workers”. Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Trabalho, v. 3, no. 18(4), pp. 407-414, 2021.
  • [24] I. Kayabek, and Çevik, C. “Sağlık çalışanlarında iş yeri risk faktörleri ve korumaya ilişkin bir derleme”, Ordu Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Çalışmaları Dergisi, v. 5, no. 2, pp. 258-268, 2022.
  • [25] A.H. Dökmeci, E. Deniz. “Kimyasal, biyolojik, radyolojik, nükleer olaylarında sağlık okuryazarlığı”, Afet ve Risk Dergisi, v. 6, no. 1, pp. 273-293, 2023.
  • [26] C.C. Lawson, C.Y. Johnson, F.L. Nassan, T.H. Connor, J.M. Boiano, C.M. Rocheleau, J.E . Chavarro, and J.W. Rich-Edwards. Antineoplastic drug administration by pregnant and nonpregnant nurses: An exploration of the use of protective gloves and gowns. American Journal of Nurses, v. 119, no. 1, pp. 28-35, 2019
  • [27] ILO, 2023. How can occupational safety and health be managed? doi: 10.1097/01.NAJ.0000552583.69729.51. Erişim tarihi: 16.06.2023.
  • [28] E.K. Kurgat, I. Weru, D.W. Godman, B. A. Kurdi & A.N. Guantai. “Proactive risk assessment of vincristine use process in a teaching and referral hospital in Kenya and the implications”, Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice. v.1, no. 1, pp. 1–14, 2019.
  • [29] Y. Jiang, H. Jiang, S. Ding, and Q. Liu, “Application of failure mode and effects analysis in a clinical chemistry laboratory”. Clinical Chimical Acta, v. 448, no. 1, pp. 80-85, 2015.
  • [30] VV. Hoof, S. Bench, AB. Soto, PP. Luppa, A. Malpass, U.M. Schilling, K.D. Rooney, A. Stretton, and A.N. Tintu. “Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) at the preanalytical phase for POCT blood gas analysis: proposal for a shared proactive risk analysis model”. Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, v. 60, no: 8, pp.1186-1201, 2022
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi, Sağlık Hizmetleri ve Sistemleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Zeynep Ayla Tisinli 0000-0002-7679-6864

Şeyda Saydamlı 0000-0002-7333-5325

Itır Erkan 0000-0002-5902-1936

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 22 Aralık 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Ekim 2023
Kabul Tarihi 18 Aralık 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

IEEE Z. A. Tisinli, Ş. Saydamlı, ve I. Erkan, “Sağlık Çalışanlarının Maruz Kaldığı Kimyasallar Konusundaki Bilgi Düzeyleri ve Hata Türleri Etkileri Analizi”, Journal of Innovative Healthcare Practices, c. 4, sy. 3, ss. 188–200, 2023, doi: 10.58770/joinihp.1378496.
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