Araştırma Makalesi
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Analysis of Energy Raw Material Coal, Industrialization and Industrial Revolution Phenomena with N-gram

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 11 - 20, 30.06.2022

Alaaddin Vural Mustafa Nuri Ural Ali Çiftçi

Öz

In this study, coal, which is one of the energy raw materials, and coal-related keywords and the relationship between industrialization and political/social events from past to present were investigated by n-gram analysis. Within the scope of the study, using the English works registered in the Google books directory, coal as energy raw material and related keywords “coal”, “coal mine”, “coal mining”, “fossil fuels”, “industrial revolution”, “industrialization” “mercantilism”, “geopolitics”, and geology” were used and these words were subjected to n-gram analysis as subgroups that would form a unity within themselves.
With this study; Coal-energy raw material, which is the most important engine power of industrialization in the industrial revolution and the following period, and the relationship of its related concepts with "Geo(logy)politics and its parallelism with political, military, social and economic events from past to present have been examined with n-gram analysis.
As a result, there has been an increase in the frequency of use of keywords after the 1820s in relation to the beginning of the Industrial Revolution and the increase in its effectiveness in world history, and it has been determined that the related words have significant co-changes with each other. Therefore, with the n-gram analysis, the Industrial Revolution/industrialization relationship of coal and related keywords was easily observed. When the digital environment, which is a large data source, is analyzed with the n-gram method using the appropriate keywords to be selected, it is understood that it will be possible to reach many sources and that such a large corpus will allow multi-purpose and multidimensional evaluations. The fact that this study reveals the origins of coal-related concepts and industrialization in the literature with the n-gram analysis method, which is one of the energy sources, also presented an extraordinary perspective with an analysis technique out of the ordinary.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fossil fuels Geopolitics Coal mining Mercantilism Industrialization Industrial Revolution

Kaynakça

  • Aleahmad, A., Hakimian, P., Mahdikhani, F., & Oroumchian, F. (2007). N-gram and local context analysis for Persian text retrieval. 2007 9th International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, ISSPA 2007, Proceedings, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2007.4555345
  • Andrews, T. G. (2008). Kiling for Coal. Harvard University Press.
  • Beresford, Q. (2018). Adani and the War over Coal. Newsouth.
  • Bobbette, A., & Donovan, A. (2019). Political Geology. In Political Geology: Active Stratigraphies and the Making of Life. Palgrave mcmilan publishment. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98189-5_3
  • Bruere, R. (1922). The Coming of Coal. Association Press.
  • Çiftçi, A., Ural, M. N., & Vural, A. (2020). Baz metalleri̇n dünya si̇yasi̇ tari̇hi̇ndeki̇ önemli̇ olaylarla bağlantısının retrospekti̇f li̇teratür taramasi yöntemi̇ i̇le araştırılması. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 6(60), 1453–1461.
  • Çiftçi, A., Ural, M. N., & Vural, A. (2019). Investigation of the Relationship between Base Metal (Pb-Zn-Cu) and Social/Political/Economical Events by N-gram Analysis. 4. Uluslararası GAP Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, 116–124.
  • Çiftçi, A., Vural, A., & Ural, M. N. (2020a). Analysis of Environmental and Healt Related Concepts with N-Gram Method. 5.Uluslararası Sağlık Bilimleri ve Yönetimi Kongresi.
  • Çiftçi, A., Vural, A., & Ural, M. N. (2020b). N-Gram Analysis of Industrial/Industrial Revolution Relation with Coal and Related Keywords. Euroasia Summit Congress on Scientific Rearches and Recent Trend-6, May, 587–591.
  • Dodds, K. (2007). Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction. In Journal of Contemporary European Studies. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2015.1067453
  • Gagniuc, P. A. (2017). Markov Chains: From Theory to Implementation and Experimentation. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Goldston, D. (2008). Big Data Wrangling. Nature, 455(7209), 15.
  • Huang, Y. C., Lin, H., Hsu, Y. L., & Lin, J. L. (2012). Using n-gram analysis to cluster heartbeat signals. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-12-64
  • Hussein, K. M. (2021). Review in Digital Data in Supporting of Information Technologies. Journal of Digital Integratet Circuits in Electrical Devices, 6(1), 23–29.
  • Jones, S. M. (2021). Advancing a Circular Economy. A future without waste?
  • Kennedy, P. (1996). Büyük Güçlerin Yükseliş ve Çöküşleri: 1500’den 2000’e Ekonomik Değişme ve Askeri Çatışmalar (6. Baskı). Birtane Karanakçı (Çev.) Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları.
  • Lin, Y., Wang, H., Li, J., & Gao, H. (2019). Data Source Selection for Information Integration in Big Data Era. Information Sciences, 479, 197–213.
  • Magnusson, L. (2015). The political economy of mercantilism. The Political Economy of Mercantilism, 1–230. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315694511
  • Mavropoulos, A., & Nilsen, A. W. (2020). Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy. Jhon Wiley&Sons Ltd.
  • Raudeliuniene, J., Albats, E., & Kordab, M. (2020). Impact of information technologies and social networks on knowledge management processes in Middle Eastern audit and consulting companies. Journal of Knowledge Management, 25(4), 871–898. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-03-2020-0168
  • Simmons, C. P. (1976). Indigenous Enterprise in the Indian Coal Mining Industry. Indian Economic and Social History Review, 13(2), 189–217.
  • Stern, P. J., & Wennerlind, C. (2014). Mercantilism Reimagined Political Economy in Early Modern Britain and Its Empire. In Mercantilism Reimagined Political Economy in Early Modern Britain and Its Empire. Oxford University Press, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199988532.001.0001
  • Ünalan, G. (2013). Kömür Jeolojisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020a). Analysis of Rare Earth Elements (REE) in the Literature by Using N-gram Method and Comparison with Social/ Political/ Economic Even. Journal of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences, 6(24), 369–379.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020b). Conceptual Analysis of the Change in the Historical Process in Thermal Tourism. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management, 6(12), 67–73.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020c). Conceptual Development Analysis of Health Tourism Based on “N-Gram.” 5.Uluslararası Sağlık Bilimleri ve Yönetimi Kongresi, 9-11 Temmuz 2020, Kırşehir/Türkiye.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2019). Analysis of Rare Earth Elements (REE) in the Literature by Using N-gram Method and Comparison with Social/Political/Economic Events. 4. Uluslararası GAP Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, 135–144.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020d). N-Gram Analysis of Nuclear and Alternative Energy Sources and Historical and Political Course. Euroasia Summit Congress on Scientific Rearches and Recent Trend-6, May, 582–586.
  • Vural, A. (1998). Güneyköy ve Çevresi (Eşme-Uşak) Arsenopirit Cevherleşmelerinin Maden Jeolojisi. Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Vural, A. (2006). Bayramiç (Çanakkale) ve Çevresindeki Altın Zenginleşmelerinin Araştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Vural, A., & Aydal, D. (2016). Bayramiç ve Yakın Çevresindeki Altın Zenginleşmelerinin Araştırılması. 69. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 376–377.
  • Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2021a). An analysis of some concepts related to environmental issues and development by N-gram. Euroasia Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 8(2), 18–28. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.38064/eurssh.158
  • Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2021b). Analysis of Raw Material Supply-Demand Relationship Using N-Gram: Chrome Mine Example. Euroasia Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 8(1), 1–9.
  • Vural, A., Çiftçi, A., & Ural, M. N. (2020). Kıymetli Taşlar ve Sömürgecilik: Dijital Veri Materyallerinin Analizi Örneğiyle (Precious Stones and Colonialism: Example of Analysis of Digital Data Materials). Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences, 7(13), 122–134. https://doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.404
  • Vural, A., Çiftçi, A., & Ural, M. N. (2021a). Kıymetli Taşlar ve Sömürgecilik. 73. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 237–241.
  • Vural, A., Çiftçi, A., & Ural, M. N. (2021b). Precious Stones and Colonialism. 73rd Geological Congress of Turkey, 237–241.
  • Vural, A., Kaya, S., Başaran, N., & Songören, O. T. (2009). Anadolu Madenciliğinde İlk Adımlar. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, MTA Kültür Serisi-3.
  • Vural, A., & Ünlü, T. (2020). The geology and mineralogical / petrographic features of Umurbabadağ and its surroundings ( Eşme , Uşak - Turkey ). Journal of Engineering Research and Applied Science, 9(2), 1561–1587.
  • Vural, A., & Ünlü, T. (2016). Güneyköy ve Çevresindeki Kalıntı Altınlı Arsenopirit Cevherleşmelerinin Maden Jeolojisi Açısından İncelenmesi. 69. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 374–375.
  • Vural, A., Ural, M., & Çiftçi, A. (2020a). Evaluation of Historical Development of Some Concepts Related To Development And Environmental Issues with N-Gram Analysis. International Black Sea Coastline Countries Scientific Research Symposium- V. November 28-29, 2020 / Zonguldak, Turkey.
  • Vural, A., Ural, M. N., & Çiftçi, A. (2020b). N-Gram Analysis of Raw Material Supply-Demand Relationship: In Case of Chromium. International Black Sea Coastline Countries Symposium-5, 60–61.
  • Vural, A., Ural, M. N., & Çiftçi, A. (2019). N-gram Yöntemi İle Değerli Metallerin Sosyal/Siyasal/Ekonomik Olaylarla İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. 4. Uluslararası GAP Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, 125–134.
  • Vural, A., Ural, N., & Çiftçi, A. (2020c). Değerli Metallerin Sosyal / Siyasal / Ekonomik Olaylarla İlişkisinin N- gram Yöntemi İle Değerlendirilmesi. Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 6(29), 247–257.
  • Wang, J., Yang, Y., Wang, T., Simon Sherratt, R., & Zhang, J. (2020). Big data service architecture: A survey. Journal of Internet Technology, 21(2), 393–405. https://doi.org/10.3966/160792642020032102008
  • Yılmaz, S., & Kalkan, D. K. (2017). Enerji Güvenliği Kavrami: 1973 Petrol Krizi Işığında Bir Tartışma. Uluslararası Kriz ve Siyaset Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(3), 169–199. http://dergipark.gov.tr/uksad/issue/33359/371272

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 11 - 20, 30.06.2022

Alaaddin Vural Mustafa Nuri Ural Ali Çiftçi

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Aleahmad, A., Hakimian, P., Mahdikhani, F., & Oroumchian, F. (2007). N-gram and local context analysis for Persian text retrieval. 2007 9th International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, ISSPA 2007, Proceedings, 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISSPA.2007.4555345
  • Andrews, T. G. (2008). Kiling for Coal. Harvard University Press.
  • Beresford, Q. (2018). Adani and the War over Coal. Newsouth.
  • Bobbette, A., & Donovan, A. (2019). Political Geology. In Political Geology: Active Stratigraphies and the Making of Life. Palgrave mcmilan publishment. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98189-5_3
  • Bruere, R. (1922). The Coming of Coal. Association Press.
  • Çiftçi, A., Ural, M. N., & Vural, A. (2020). Baz metalleri̇n dünya si̇yasi̇ tari̇hi̇ndeki̇ önemli̇ olaylarla bağlantısının retrospekti̇f li̇teratür taramasi yöntemi̇ i̇le araştırılması. International Social Sciences Studies Journal, 6(60), 1453–1461.
  • Çiftçi, A., Ural, M. N., & Vural, A. (2019). Investigation of the Relationship between Base Metal (Pb-Zn-Cu) and Social/Political/Economical Events by N-gram Analysis. 4. Uluslararası GAP Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, 116–124.
  • Çiftçi, A., Vural, A., & Ural, M. N. (2020a). Analysis of Environmental and Healt Related Concepts with N-Gram Method. 5.Uluslararası Sağlık Bilimleri ve Yönetimi Kongresi.
  • Çiftçi, A., Vural, A., & Ural, M. N. (2020b). N-Gram Analysis of Industrial/Industrial Revolution Relation with Coal and Related Keywords. Euroasia Summit Congress on Scientific Rearches and Recent Trend-6, May, 587–591.
  • Dodds, K. (2007). Geopolitics: A Very Short Introduction. In Journal of Contemporary European Studies. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1080/14782804.2015.1067453
  • Gagniuc, P. A. (2017). Markov Chains: From Theory to Implementation and Experimentation. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Goldston, D. (2008). Big Data Wrangling. Nature, 455(7209), 15.
  • Huang, Y. C., Lin, H., Hsu, Y. L., & Lin, J. L. (2012). Using n-gram analysis to cluster heartbeat signals. BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6947-12-64
  • Hussein, K. M. (2021). Review in Digital Data in Supporting of Information Technologies. Journal of Digital Integratet Circuits in Electrical Devices, 6(1), 23–29.
  • Jones, S. M. (2021). Advancing a Circular Economy. A future without waste?
  • Kennedy, P. (1996). Büyük Güçlerin Yükseliş ve Çöküşleri: 1500’den 2000’e Ekonomik Değişme ve Askeri Çatışmalar (6. Baskı). Birtane Karanakçı (Çev.) Türkiye İş Bankası Yayınları.
  • Lin, Y., Wang, H., Li, J., & Gao, H. (2019). Data Source Selection for Information Integration in Big Data Era. Information Sciences, 479, 197–213.
  • Magnusson, L. (2015). The political economy of mercantilism. The Political Economy of Mercantilism, 1–230. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315694511
  • Mavropoulos, A., & Nilsen, A. W. (2020). Industry 4.0 and Circular Economy. Jhon Wiley&Sons Ltd.
  • Raudeliuniene, J., Albats, E., & Kordab, M. (2020). Impact of information technologies and social networks on knowledge management processes in Middle Eastern audit and consulting companies. Journal of Knowledge Management, 25(4), 871–898. https://doi.org/10.1108/JKM-03-2020-0168
  • Simmons, C. P. (1976). Indigenous Enterprise in the Indian Coal Mining Industry. Indian Economic and Social History Review, 13(2), 189–217.
  • Stern, P. J., & Wennerlind, C. (2014). Mercantilism Reimagined Political Economy in Early Modern Britain and Its Empire. In Mercantilism Reimagined Political Economy in Early Modern Britain and Its Empire. Oxford University Press, Inc. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199988532.001.0001
  • Ünalan, G. (2013). Kömür Jeolojisi. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020a). Analysis of Rare Earth Elements (REE) in the Literature by Using N-gram Method and Comparison with Social/ Political/ Economic Even. Journal of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences, 6(24), 369–379.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020b). Conceptual Analysis of the Change in the Historical Process in Thermal Tourism. Journal of International Health Sciences and Management, 6(12), 67–73.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020c). Conceptual Development Analysis of Health Tourism Based on “N-Gram.” 5.Uluslararası Sağlık Bilimleri ve Yönetimi Kongresi, 9-11 Temmuz 2020, Kırşehir/Türkiye.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2019). Analysis of Rare Earth Elements (REE) in the Literature by Using N-gram Method and Comparison with Social/Political/Economic Events. 4. Uluslararası GAP Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, 135–144.
  • Ural, M. N., Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2020d). N-Gram Analysis of Nuclear and Alternative Energy Sources and Historical and Political Course. Euroasia Summit Congress on Scientific Rearches and Recent Trend-6, May, 582–586.
  • Vural, A. (1998). Güneyköy ve Çevresi (Eşme-Uşak) Arsenopirit Cevherleşmelerinin Maden Jeolojisi. Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Vural, A. (2006). Bayramiç (Çanakkale) ve Çevresindeki Altın Zenginleşmelerinin Araştırılması. Ankara Üniversitesi.
  • Vural, A., & Aydal, D. (2016). Bayramiç ve Yakın Çevresindeki Altın Zenginleşmelerinin Araştırılması. 69. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 376–377.
  • Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2021a). An analysis of some concepts related to environmental issues and development by N-gram. Euroasia Journal of Social Sciences & Humanities, 8(2), 18–28. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.38064/eurssh.158
  • Vural, A., & Çiftçi, A. (2021b). Analysis of Raw Material Supply-Demand Relationship Using N-Gram: Chrome Mine Example. Euroasia Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 8(1), 1–9.
  • Vural, A., Çiftçi, A., & Ural, M. N. (2020). Kıymetli Taşlar ve Sömürgecilik: Dijital Veri Materyallerinin Analizi Örneğiyle (Precious Stones and Colonialism: Example of Analysis of Digital Data Materials). Euroasia Journal of Mathematics, Engineering, Natural & Medical Sciences, 7(13), 122–134. https://doi.org/10.38065/euroasiaorg.404
  • Vural, A., Çiftçi, A., & Ural, M. N. (2021a). Kıymetli Taşlar ve Sömürgecilik. 73. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 237–241.
  • Vural, A., Çiftçi, A., & Ural, M. N. (2021b). Precious Stones and Colonialism. 73rd Geological Congress of Turkey, 237–241.
  • Vural, A., Kaya, S., Başaran, N., & Songören, O. T. (2009). Anadolu Madenciliğinde İlk Adımlar. Maden Tetkik ve Arama Genel Müdürlüğü, MTA Kültür Serisi-3.
  • Vural, A., & Ünlü, T. (2020). The geology and mineralogical / petrographic features of Umurbabadağ and its surroundings ( Eşme , Uşak - Turkey ). Journal of Engineering Research and Applied Science, 9(2), 1561–1587.
  • Vural, A., & Ünlü, T. (2016). Güneyköy ve Çevresindeki Kalıntı Altınlı Arsenopirit Cevherleşmelerinin Maden Jeolojisi Açısından İncelenmesi. 69. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı, 374–375.
  • Vural, A., Ural, M., & Çiftçi, A. (2020a). Evaluation of Historical Development of Some Concepts Related To Development And Environmental Issues with N-Gram Analysis. International Black Sea Coastline Countries Scientific Research Symposium- V. November 28-29, 2020 / Zonguldak, Turkey.
  • Vural, A., Ural, M. N., & Çiftçi, A. (2020b). N-Gram Analysis of Raw Material Supply-Demand Relationship: In Case of Chromium. International Black Sea Coastline Countries Symposium-5, 60–61.
  • Vural, A., Ural, M. N., & Çiftçi, A. (2019). N-gram Yöntemi İle Değerli Metallerin Sosyal/Siyasal/Ekonomik Olaylarla İlişkisinin Değerlendirilmesi. 4. Uluslararası GAP Sosyal Bilimler Kongresi, 125–134.
  • Vural, A., Ural, N., & Çiftçi, A. (2020c). Değerli Metallerin Sosyal / Siyasal / Ekonomik Olaylarla İlişkisinin N- gram Yöntemi İle Değerlendirilmesi. Social Mentality and Researcher Thinkers Journal, 6(29), 247–257.
  • Wang, J., Yang, Y., Wang, T., Simon Sherratt, R., & Zhang, J. (2020). Big data service architecture: A survey. Journal of Internet Technology, 21(2), 393–405. https://doi.org/10.3966/160792642020032102008
  • Yılmaz, S., & Kalkan, D. K. (2017). Enerji Güvenliği Kavrami: 1973 Petrol Krizi Işığında Bir Tartışma. Uluslararası Kriz ve Siyaset Araştırmaları Dergisi, 1(3), 169–199. http://dergipark.gov.tr/uksad/issue/33359/371272
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Alaaddin Vural 0000-0002-0446-828X

Mustafa Nuri Ural 0000-0001-7011-401X

Ali Çiftçi 0000-0002-1273-4867

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 5 Nisan 2022
Kabul Tarihi 9 Mayıs 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Vural, A., Ural, M. N., & Çiftçi, A. (2022). Analysis of Energy Raw Material Coal, Industrialization and Industrial Revolution Phenomena with N-gram. Journal of Investigations on Engineering and Technology, 5(1), 11-20.
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