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The Reaction to Fire of Some Chemicals Treated Pine Wood Product Surface

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 651 - 656, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.634269

Öz

Wooden materials have been extensively used for
furniture, outdoor and indoor cladding, buildings, terrace, fence, garden
furniture and interior decoration and to decorate the roofline of houses.
However, wood which is used outdoors or in areas exposed to moisture needs to
be protected against wood-destroying organisms and to be shielded from water,
marine pests, fungi, fire and weather conditions. Untreated wood materials have
no resistance to the spread of fire and many buildings which constructed from wood
based materials needs to fire resistance. It is possible that the wooden
material ensures very durable and resistant against physical effects by surface
applications such as wood preservative paint and acrylic resin-based varnish.
The application of fire retardant chemicals can also provide to satisfy
regulatory requirements for wood products.



In this study, titanium dioxide and antimony trioxide
were applied on pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)
solid wood material to determine durability of reaction to fire using by oxygen
index test technique (ASTM D 2863-6) and real fire test. These chemicals were
added to the wood preservative paint which is a commercial product as
concentrations of 2%, 5% and 10% for titanium dioxide and 2% and 5% for
antimony trioxide. The effects on colour change of their surfaces, brightness
and surface roughness measurements, water absorption and thickness swelling of
this wood material were also carried out. The results obtained were analysed
statistically and compared with the related standards. Addition of these
chemicals to used wood preservative paint had a positive impact on the fire
properties of the pine wooden surface.

Destekleyen Kurum

Karadeniz Technical University

Proje Numarası

FHD-2017-5983

Teşekkür

The authors would like to thank to Prof. Dr. Hulya Kalaycioglu for providing the opportunity to work with the Dynisco Limiting Oxygen Index Chamber at the Wood Based Composite Materials Laboratory, Karadeniz Technical University, Turkey. The authors would also like to thank to Ugur Aras for helping the LOI test.

Kaynakça

  • ASTM D 2863. (2006). Standard test method for measuring the minimum oxygen concentration to support candle- like combustion of plastics, ASTM Internatıonal, United State.Cheng, E.& Sun, X. (2006). Effects of wood-surface roughness, adhesive viscosity and processing pressure on adhesion strength of protein adhesive. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 20 (9), 997-1017. Doi: 10.1163/156856106777657779Demir, H., Arkıs, E., Balköse, D.& Ülkü, S. (2005). Synergistic effect of natural zeolites on flame retardant additives. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 89, 478-483. Doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.01.028Donmez Cavdar, A., Mengeloglu, F.& Kalaycioglu, H. (2016). Technological properties of thermoplasitc composites filled with fire retardant and tea mill waste fiber. Journal of Composite Materials, 50 (12), 1627-1634. Doi:10.1177/0021998315595113EN 317.(1993). Particleboards and Fiberboards, Determination of Swelling in Thickness After Immersion.Giúdice, C.A. & Benítez, J.C. (2001). Zinc borates as flame-retardant pigments in chlorine-containing coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 42, 82-88. Doi: 10.1016/S0300-9440(01)00159-XGnatowski, M.& Burnaby, B.C. (2005). Water absorption by wood-plastic composites in exterior, 8th Int. Conf. Wood Fiber Plastic Composites, May 1-27 2005, Madison, Wisconsin.Hashim, R., Sulaiman, O., Kumar, R.N., Tamyez, P.F., Murphy, R.J. & Ali, Z. (2009). Physical and mechanical properties of flame retardant urea formaldehyde medium density fiberboard. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209 (2), 635-640. Doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.036Heidelberg Uzman Rehberi. (2008). Renk, Kalite ve Tramlama Teknolojisi, Heildelberg Türkiye, 24-29, 38, 40, 42.Lam, Y.L., Kan, C.W. & Yuen, C.W.M. (2011). Effect of titanium dioxide on the flame-retardant finishing of cotton fabric. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 121, 267-278.Doi: 10.1002/app.33618Li, H.L., Hu, Z., Zhang, S., Gu, X., Wang, H., Jiang, P. & Zhao, Q. (2015). Effects of titanium dioxide on the flammability and char formation of water-based coatings containing intumescent flame retardants. Progress in Organic Coatings, 78, 318-324.Doi: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2014.08.003Nussbaum, R.M. (1988). The effect of low concentration fire retardant ımpregnations on wood charring rate and char yield. Journal Fire Sciences, 6, 290-307. Doi: 10.1177/073490418800600405Ozdemir, T.,Hiziroglu, S. & Kocapınar, M. (2015). Adhesion strength of cellulosic varnish coated wood species as function of their surface roughness. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 1-5. Doi:10.1155/2015/525496Ötsman, B. & Tsantaridis, L. (2016). Fire retardant treated wood products-properties and uses, The 47th IRG Annual Meeting, May 15-19, 2016, Lisbon, Portugal.Östman, B., Voss, A., Hughes, A., Hovde, P. J. & and Grexa, O. (2001). Durability of fire retardant treated wood products at humid and exterior conditions - Review of literatüre. Fire and Materials, 25, 95-104. Doi:10.1002/fam.758Pabelina, K.G., Lumban, C.O.& and Ramos, H.J. (2012). Plasma impregnation of wood with fire retardants.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 272, 365–369. DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2011.01.102Russell, L.J., Marney, D.C.O., Humphrey, D.G., Hunt, A.C., Dowling, V.P., Cookson, L.J. (2004). Combining fire retardant and preservative systems for timber products in exposed applications –state of the art review, Australian Government, Forest and Wood Products Research and Deevelopment Corporation, 1-35p.Stoneburner, R. (2014). Novel silica-based nano pigment as a titanium dioxide replacement. Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, USA, 53 p.Thamasson, G., Capizzi, J., Morrell, J.& Miller, D. (2006). Wood preservation and wood products treatment, Oregaon State University, 1-19 p.White, R.H.& Dietenberger, M.A. (1999). Wood handbook – wood as an engineering material (general technical report fpl-gtr-113), US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, 17–12, 17-13 p.Zhong, Z.W., Hiziroglu, S. & Chan, C.M. (2013). Measurement of the surface roughness of wood based materials used in furniture manufacture. Measurement, 46 (4), 1482-1487.Doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2012.11.041
Yıl 2019, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4, 651 - 656, 31.12.2019
https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.634269

Öz

Proje Numarası

FHD-2017-5983

Kaynakça

  • ASTM D 2863. (2006). Standard test method for measuring the minimum oxygen concentration to support candle- like combustion of plastics, ASTM Internatıonal, United State.Cheng, E.& Sun, X. (2006). Effects of wood-surface roughness, adhesive viscosity and processing pressure on adhesion strength of protein adhesive. Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology, 20 (9), 997-1017. Doi: 10.1163/156856106777657779Demir, H., Arkıs, E., Balköse, D.& Ülkü, S. (2005). Synergistic effect of natural zeolites on flame retardant additives. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 89, 478-483. Doi:10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2005.01.028Donmez Cavdar, A., Mengeloglu, F.& Kalaycioglu, H. (2016). Technological properties of thermoplasitc composites filled with fire retardant and tea mill waste fiber. Journal of Composite Materials, 50 (12), 1627-1634. Doi:10.1177/0021998315595113EN 317.(1993). Particleboards and Fiberboards, Determination of Swelling in Thickness After Immersion.Giúdice, C.A. & Benítez, J.C. (2001). Zinc borates as flame-retardant pigments in chlorine-containing coatings. Progress in Organic Coatings, 42, 82-88. Doi: 10.1016/S0300-9440(01)00159-XGnatowski, M.& Burnaby, B.C. (2005). Water absorption by wood-plastic composites in exterior, 8th Int. Conf. Wood Fiber Plastic Composites, May 1-27 2005, Madison, Wisconsin.Hashim, R., Sulaiman, O., Kumar, R.N., Tamyez, P.F., Murphy, R.J. & Ali, Z. (2009). Physical and mechanical properties of flame retardant urea formaldehyde medium density fiberboard. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209 (2), 635-640. Doi: 10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2008.02.036Heidelberg Uzman Rehberi. (2008). Renk, Kalite ve Tramlama Teknolojisi, Heildelberg Türkiye, 24-29, 38, 40, 42.Lam, Y.L., Kan, C.W. & Yuen, C.W.M. (2011). Effect of titanium dioxide on the flame-retardant finishing of cotton fabric. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 121, 267-278.Doi: 10.1002/app.33618Li, H.L., Hu, Z., Zhang, S., Gu, X., Wang, H., Jiang, P. & Zhao, Q. (2015). Effects of titanium dioxide on the flammability and char formation of water-based coatings containing intumescent flame retardants. Progress in Organic Coatings, 78, 318-324.Doi: 10.1016/j.porgcoat.2014.08.003Nussbaum, R.M. (1988). The effect of low concentration fire retardant ımpregnations on wood charring rate and char yield. Journal Fire Sciences, 6, 290-307. Doi: 10.1177/073490418800600405Ozdemir, T.,Hiziroglu, S. & Kocapınar, M. (2015). Adhesion strength of cellulosic varnish coated wood species as function of their surface roughness. Advances in Materials Science and Engineering, 1-5. Doi:10.1155/2015/525496Ötsman, B. & Tsantaridis, L. (2016). Fire retardant treated wood products-properties and uses, The 47th IRG Annual Meeting, May 15-19, 2016, Lisbon, Portugal.Östman, B., Voss, A., Hughes, A., Hovde, P. J. & and Grexa, O. (2001). Durability of fire retardant treated wood products at humid and exterior conditions - Review of literatüre. Fire and Materials, 25, 95-104. Doi:10.1002/fam.758Pabelina, K.G., Lumban, C.O.& and Ramos, H.J. (2012). Plasma impregnation of wood with fire retardants.Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research B, 272, 365–369. DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2011.01.102Russell, L.J., Marney, D.C.O., Humphrey, D.G., Hunt, A.C., Dowling, V.P., Cookson, L.J. (2004). Combining fire retardant and preservative systems for timber products in exposed applications –state of the art review, Australian Government, Forest and Wood Products Research and Deevelopment Corporation, 1-35p.Stoneburner, R. (2014). Novel silica-based nano pigment as a titanium dioxide replacement. Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, USA, 53 p.Thamasson, G., Capizzi, J., Morrell, J.& Miller, D. (2006). Wood preservation and wood products treatment, Oregaon State University, 1-19 p.White, R.H.& Dietenberger, M.A. (1999). Wood handbook – wood as an engineering material (general technical report fpl-gtr-113), US Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, 17–12, 17-13 p.Zhong, Z.W., Hiziroglu, S. & Chan, C.M. (2013). Measurement of the surface roughness of wood based materials used in furniture manufacture. Measurement, 46 (4), 1482-1487.Doi: 10.1016/j.measurement.2012.11.041
Toplam 1 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Sevda Boran Torun

Ayfer Dönmez Çavdar 0000-0002-9084-2265

Turgay Özdemir 0000-0002-2484-828X

Proje Numarası FHD-2017-5983
Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2019
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Ekim 2019
Kabul Tarihi 9 Aralık 2019
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2019 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Boran Torun, S., Dönmez Çavdar, A., & Özdemir, T. (2019). The Reaction to Fire of Some Chemicals Treated Pine Wood Product Surface. Journal of Anatolian Environmental and Animal Sciences, 4(4), 651-656. https://doi.org/10.35229/jaes.634269


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