Erkek Tip 2 Diyabetik Hastalarda Ürik Asit/HDL Oranı ile Monosit/HDL Oranı ve Glisemik Kontrol Arasındaki İlişki
Öz
Amaç: Tip 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) dünya çapında önemli bir sağlık sorunudur Glisemik kontrol kötüleştikçe, hem mikrovasküler hem de makrovasküler komplikasyon riski artar. Bu çalışmada amacımız, tip 2 diyabet tanısı almış erkek bireylerde kan şekeri regülasyonu ile iki farklı parametre arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır: ürik asit/HDL oranı (UHR) ve monosit/HDL oranı (MHR).
Yöntem: Bu retrospektif araştırmada, tip 2 diyabet tanısı konmuş toplam 166 erkek hasta ve kontrol kohortu olarak 83 sağlıklı yetişkin erkek çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Diyabetik erkek katılımcılar eşit olarak iki alt gruba ayrıldı: kan şekeri kontrol altında olmayan grup (7'yi aşan HbA1c seviyeleri, n=83) ve iyi glisemik kontrolü olan grup (7 veya altında HbA1c seviyeleri, n=83). Analizimiz, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL), trigliserit , düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (LDL), ürik asit, nötrofil, lenfosit, monosit, beyaz kan hücresi, hemoglobin ve trombosit seviyeleri dahil olmak üzere çeşitli serum belirteçlerinin değerlendirilmesini kapsamıştır. Ayrıca, UHR, vücut kitle indeksi ve MHR karşılaştırılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışma kapsamında tüm katılımcıların kreatinin düzeyleri normaldi. gruplarda yaşlar benzerdi. Trigliserid düzeyleri diyabetik hastalarda sağlıklı grubuna kıyasla belirgin şekilde yüksekti (P<0.001). Buna karşılık, diyabetik hastaların HDL seviyeleri sağlıklı bireylerden daha düşüktü (P=0.002). Serum ürik asit düzeyleri, kan şekeri düzenlenmemiş grupta, kan şekeri iyi düzenlenmiş gruptan ve sağlıklı bireylerden daha düşüktü. (P<0.001). Kan şekeri düzenlenmemiş grupta, kan şekeri iyi düzenlenmiş gruba ve sağlıklı bireylere kıyasla UHR daha düşüktü (P=0.003). Beyaz kan hücreleri, nötrofil ve lenfosit sayıları diyabetik hastalarda sağlıklı gruptan yüksek bulundu (P<0.001, P<0.001 ve P=0.002). Trombosit sayısı ve MHR değerleri kan şekeri regüle olmayan grupta kan şekeri regüle edilen gruba ve sağlıklı bireylere kıyasla daha yüksek bulunmuştur (P=0.007).
Sonuç: Tip 2 diyabetli erkek hastalarda artmış MHR ve azalmış UHR düzeyleri kontrolsüz kan şekeri regülasyonu ile ilişkilidir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Nathan DM, Zinman B, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, Genuth S, Miller R, Orchard TJ. Modern-day clinical course of type 1 diabetes mellitus after 30 years' duration: the diabetes control and complications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications and Pittsburgh epidemiology of diabetes complications experience (1983-2005). Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(14):1307-16.
- Kowalski AJ, Dutta S. It's time to move from the A1c to better metrics for diabetes control. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2013;15(3):194-6.
- Eckel RH, Alberti KG, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet. 2010;375(9710):181-3.
- Dehghan A, van Hoek M, Sijbrands EJ, Hofman A, Witteman JC. High serum uric acid as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(2):361-2.
- Bjornstad P, Laffel L, Lynch J, El Ghormli L, Weinstock RS, Tollefsen SE, Nadeau KJ. Elevated Serum Uric Acid Is Associated With Greater Risk for Hypertension and Diabetic Kidney Diseases in Obese Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Analysis From the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) Study. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(6):1120-8.
- Fang J, Alderman MH. Serum uric acid and cardiovascular mortality the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study, 1971-1992. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Jama. 2000;283(18):2404-10.
- Sharaf El Din UAA, Salem MM, Abdulazim DO. Uric acid in the pathogenesis of metabolic, renal, and cardiovascular diseases: A review. J Adv Res. 2017;8(5):537-48.
- Choi HK, Ford ES. Haemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose, serum C-peptide and insulin resistance in relation to serum uric acid levels--the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008;47(5):713-7.
- González-Sicilia L, García-Estañ J, Martínez-Blázquez A, Fernández-Pardo J, Quiles JL, Hernández J. Renal metabolism of uric acid in type I insulin-dependent diabetic patients: relation to metabolic compensation. Horm Metab Res. 1997;29(10):520-3.
- Kocak MZ, Aktas G, Erkus E, Sincer I, Atak B, Duman T. Serum uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio is a strong predictor of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2019;65(1):9-15.
- Murphy AJ, Woollard KJ, Hoang A, Mukhamedova N, Stirzaker RA, McCormick SP, et al. High-density lipoprotein reduces the human monocyte inflammatory response. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28(11):2071-7.
- Yvan-Charvet L, Pagler T, Gautier EL, Avagyan S, Siry RL, Han S, et al. ATP-binding cassette transporters and HDL suppress hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. Science. 2010;328(5986):1689-93.
- Villanueva DLE, Tiongson MD, Ramos JD, Llanes EJ. Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) as a predictor of mortality and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) among ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19(1):55.
- Kanbay M, Solak Y, Unal HU, Kurt YG, Gok M, Cetinkaya H, et al. Monocyte count/HDL cholesterol ratio and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease. Int Urol Nephrol. 2014;46(8):1619-25.
- Efe FK. The association between monocyte HDL ratio and albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):1128-32.
- Mazzali M, Kanbay M, Segal MS, Shafiu M, Jalal D, Feig DI, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and hypertension: cause or effect? Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2010;12(2):108-17.
- Kanbay M, Segal M, Afsar B, Kang DH, Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Johnson RJ. The role of uric acid in the pathogenesis of human cardiovascular disease. Heart. 2013;99(11):759-66.
- Park JH, Jin YM, Hwang S, Cho DH, Kang DH, Jo I. Uric acid attenuates nitric oxide production by decreasing the interaction between endothelial nitric oxide synthase and calmodulin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: a mechanism for uric acid-induced cardiovascular disease development. Nitric Oxide. 2013;32:36-42.
- Yu MA, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Johnson RJ, Kang DH. Oxidative stress with an activation of the renin-angiotensin system in human vascular endothelial cells as a novel mechanism of uric acid-induced endothelial dysfunction. J Hypertens. 2010;28(6):1234-42.
- Li P, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhou C, Lin N. Uric acid enhances PKC-dependent eNOS phosphorylation and mediates cellular ER stress: A mechanism for uric acid-induced endothelial dysfunction. Int J Mol Med. 2016;37(4):989-97.
- Soltani Z, Rasheed K, Kapusta DR, Reisin E. Potential role of uric acid in metabolic syndrome, hypertension, kidney injury, and cardiovascular diseases: is it time for reappraisal? Curr Hypertens Rep. 2013;15(3):175-81.
- Bombelli M, Quarti-Trevano F, Tadic M, Facchetti R, Cuspidi C, Mancia G, Grassi G. Uric acid and risk of new-onset metabolic syndrome, impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus in a general Italian population: data from the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni study. J Hypertens. 2018;36(7):1492-8.
- Li X, Meng X, Timofeeva M, Tzoulaki I, Tsilidis KK, Ioannidis JP, et al. Serum uric acid levels and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of evidence from observational studies, randomised controlled trials, and Mendelian randomisation studies. Bmj. 2017;357:j2376.
- El Ridi R, Tallima H. Physiological functions and pathogenic potential of uric acid: A review. J Adv Res. 2017;8(5):487-93.
- Aktas G, Kocak MZ, Bilgin S, Atak BM, Duman TT, Kurtkulagi O. Uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio is a strong predictor of diabetic control in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aging Male. 2020;23(5):1098-102.
- Wakasugi M, Kazama JJ, Narita I, Konta T, Fujimoto S, Iseki K, et al. Association between hypouricemia and reduced kidney function: a cross-sectional population-based study in Japan. Am J Nephrol. 2015;41(2):138-46.
- Ishibashi T, Kaneko H, Matsuoka S, Suzuki Y, Ueno K, Ohno R, et al. HDL cholesterol and clinical outcomes in diabetes mellitus. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2023;30(8):646-53.
- Jayashankar CA, Andrews HP, Vijayasarathi, Pinnelli VB, Shashidharan B, Nithin Kumar HN, Vemulapalli S. Serum uric acid and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are independent predictors of coronary artery disease in Asian Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2016;7(2):161-5.
- Zhou X, Xu J. Association between serum uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig. 2023.
- Aktas G, Yilmaz S, Kantarci DB, Duman TT, Bilgin S, Balci SB, Atak Tel BM. Is serum uric acid-to-HDL cholesterol ratio elevation associated with diabetic kidney injury? Postgrad Med. 2023;135(5):519-23.
- Barrett TJ, Distel E, Murphy AJ, Hu J, Garshick MS, Ogando Y, et al. Apolipoprotein AI) Promotes Atherosclerosis Regression in Diabetic Mice by Suppressing Myelopoiesis and Plaque Inflammation. Circulation. 2019;140(14):1170-84.
- Liu H, Liu K, Pei L, Gao Y, Zhao L, Sun S, et al. Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio Predicts the Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2020;27(9):959-68.
- D Y, Sk SR, R NK, Pa A. Association Between Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol Ratio and Proteinuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Observational Study. Cureus. 2023;15(9):e45783.
- Onalan E. The relationship between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and diabetic nephropathy. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1081-6.
- Tang X, Tan Y, Yang Y, Li M, He X, Lu Y, et al. Association of the Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio With Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8:707008.
- Wang W, Chen ZY, Guo XL, Tu M. Monocyte to High-Density lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein A1 Ratios: Novel Indicators for Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:935776.
- KİZİLgul M, Sencar E, Ucan B, Beysel S, OzcelİK O, Ozbek M, Cakal E. Components of the Complete Blood Count in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Inadequate Glycemic Control. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2018;45(2):113-20.
- Kuwabara M, Borghi C, Cicero AFG, Hisatome I, Niwa K, Ohno M, et al. Elevated serum uric acid increases risks for developing high LDL cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia: A five-year cohort study in Japan. Int J Cardiol. 2018;261:183-8.
- Malla P, Khanal MP, Pokhrel A, Sah B, Pathak S, Subedi A, Sapkota S. Correlation of Serum Uric Acid and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2023;21(1):170-4.
The Relationship Between Uric Acid/HDL Ratio and Monocyte/HDL Ratio and Glycemic Control in Male Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Öz
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major health problem worldwide. As glycemic control worsens, the risk of both microvascular and macrovascular complications increases. . The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between blood glucose regulation and two different parameters: uric acid/HDL ratio (UHR) and monocyte/HDL ratio (MHR) in male subjects with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 166 male patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes and 83 healthy adult men as a control cohort were included. Diabetic male participants were equally divided into two subgroups: the group with uncontrolled blood glucose (HbA1c levels exceeding 7, n=83) and the group with good glycemic control (HbA1c levels at or below 7, n=83). Our analysis included assessment of several serum markers, including triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), uric acid, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), neutrophil, lymphocyte, monocyte, white blood cell, hemoglobin and platelet levels. In addition, uric acid/HDL ratio, body mass index and monocyte/HDL ratio were compared.
Results: Creatinine levels were normal in all study participants and ages were similar in the groups. Triglyceride levels were significantly higher in diabetic patients compared to the healthy group (P<0.001). In contrast, diabetic patients had lower HDL levels than healthy subjects (P=0.002). Serum uric acid levels were lower in the blood glucose unregulated group than in the blood glucose well-regulated group and healthy subjects (P<0.001). UHR was lower in the blood glucose unregulated group compared to the blood glucose well-regulated group and healthy subjects (P=0.003). White blood cell, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts were higher in diabetic patients than in the healthy group (P<0.001, P<0.001, P=0.002). Platelet count and MHR values were higher in the blood glucose-unregulated group compared to the blood glucose-regulated group and healthy subjects (P=0.007).
Conclusion: Increased MHR and decreased UHR levels are associated with uncontrolled blood glucose regulation in male patients with type 2 diabetes.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Type 2 diabetes mellitus Uric acid/HDL ratio Monocyte/HDL ratio HbA1C
Kaynakça
- Nathan DM, Zinman B, Cleary PA, Backlund JY, Genuth S, Miller R, Orchard TJ. Modern-day clinical course of type 1 diabetes mellitus after 30 years' duration: the diabetes control and complications trial/epidemiology of diabetes interventions and complications and Pittsburgh epidemiology of diabetes complications experience (1983-2005). Arch Intern Med. 2009;169(14):1307-16.
- Kowalski AJ, Dutta S. It's time to move from the A1c to better metrics for diabetes control. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2013;15(3):194-6.
- Eckel RH, Alberti KG, Grundy SM, Zimmet PZ. The metabolic syndrome. Lancet. 2010;375(9710):181-3.
- Dehghan A, van Hoek M, Sijbrands EJ, Hofman A, Witteman JC. High serum uric acid as a novel risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2008;31(2):361-2.
- Bjornstad P, Laffel L, Lynch J, El Ghormli L, Weinstock RS, Tollefsen SE, Nadeau KJ. Elevated Serum Uric Acid Is Associated With Greater Risk for Hypertension and Diabetic Kidney Diseases in Obese Adolescents With Type 2 Diabetes: An Observational Analysis From the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) Study. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(6):1120-8.
- Fang J, Alderman MH. Serum uric acid and cardiovascular mortality the NHANES I epidemiologic follow-up study, 1971-1992. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Jama. 2000;283(18):2404-10.
- Sharaf El Din UAA, Salem MM, Abdulazim DO. Uric acid in the pathogenesis of metabolic, renal, and cardiovascular diseases: A review. J Adv Res. 2017;8(5):537-48.
- Choi HK, Ford ES. Haemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose, serum C-peptide and insulin resistance in relation to serum uric acid levels--the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008;47(5):713-7.
- González-Sicilia L, García-Estañ J, Martínez-Blázquez A, Fernández-Pardo J, Quiles JL, Hernández J. Renal metabolism of uric acid in type I insulin-dependent diabetic patients: relation to metabolic compensation. Horm Metab Res. 1997;29(10):520-3.
- Kocak MZ, Aktas G, Erkus E, Sincer I, Atak B, Duman T. Serum uric acid to HDL-cholesterol ratio is a strong predictor of metabolic syndrome in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2019;65(1):9-15.
- Murphy AJ, Woollard KJ, Hoang A, Mukhamedova N, Stirzaker RA, McCormick SP, et al. High-density lipoprotein reduces the human monocyte inflammatory response. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28(11):2071-7.
- Yvan-Charvet L, Pagler T, Gautier EL, Avagyan S, Siry RL, Han S, et al. ATP-binding cassette transporters and HDL suppress hematopoietic stem cell proliferation. Science. 2010;328(5986):1689-93.
- Villanueva DLE, Tiongson MD, Ramos JD, Llanes EJ. Monocyte to High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio (MHR) as a predictor of mortality and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE) among ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis. Lipids Health Dis. 2020;19(1):55.
- Kanbay M, Solak Y, Unal HU, Kurt YG, Gok M, Cetinkaya H, et al. Monocyte count/HDL cholesterol ratio and cardiovascular events in patients with chronic kidney disease. Int Urol Nephrol. 2014;46(8):1619-25.
- Efe FK. The association between monocyte HDL ratio and albuminuria in diabetic nephropathy. Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(4):1128-32.
- Mazzali M, Kanbay M, Segal MS, Shafiu M, Jalal D, Feig DI, Johnson RJ. Uric acid and hypertension: cause or effect? Curr Rheumatol Rep. 2010;12(2):108-17.
- Kanbay M, Segal M, Afsar B, Kang DH, Rodriguez-Iturbe B, Johnson RJ. The role of uric acid in the pathogenesis of human cardiovascular disease. Heart. 2013;99(11):759-66.
- Park JH, Jin YM, Hwang S, Cho DH, Kang DH, Jo I. Uric acid attenuates nitric oxide production by decreasing the interaction between endothelial nitric oxide synthase and calmodulin in human umbilical vein endothelial cells: a mechanism for uric acid-induced cardiovascular disease development. Nitric Oxide. 2013;32:36-42.
- Yu MA, Sánchez-Lozada LG, Johnson RJ, Kang DH. Oxidative stress with an activation of the renin-angiotensin system in human vascular endothelial cells as a novel mechanism of uric acid-induced endothelial dysfunction. J Hypertens. 2010;28(6):1234-42.
- Li P, Zhang L, Zhang M, Zhou C, Lin N. Uric acid enhances PKC-dependent eNOS phosphorylation and mediates cellular ER stress: A mechanism for uric acid-induced endothelial dysfunction. Int J Mol Med. 2016;37(4):989-97.
- Soltani Z, Rasheed K, Kapusta DR, Reisin E. Potential role of uric acid in metabolic syndrome, hypertension, kidney injury, and cardiovascular diseases: is it time for reappraisal? Curr Hypertens Rep. 2013;15(3):175-81.
- Bombelli M, Quarti-Trevano F, Tadic M, Facchetti R, Cuspidi C, Mancia G, Grassi G. Uric acid and risk of new-onset metabolic syndrome, impaired fasting glucose and diabetes mellitus in a general Italian population: data from the Pressioni Arteriose Monitorate E Loro Associazioni study. J Hypertens. 2018;36(7):1492-8.
- Li X, Meng X, Timofeeva M, Tzoulaki I, Tsilidis KK, Ioannidis JP, et al. Serum uric acid levels and multiple health outcomes: umbrella review of evidence from observational studies, randomised controlled trials, and Mendelian randomisation studies. Bmj. 2017;357:j2376.
- El Ridi R, Tallima H. Physiological functions and pathogenic potential of uric acid: A review. J Adv Res. 2017;8(5):487-93.
- Aktas G, Kocak MZ, Bilgin S, Atak BM, Duman TT, Kurtkulagi O. Uric acid to HDL cholesterol ratio is a strong predictor of diabetic control in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Aging Male. 2020;23(5):1098-102.
- Wakasugi M, Kazama JJ, Narita I, Konta T, Fujimoto S, Iseki K, et al. Association between hypouricemia and reduced kidney function: a cross-sectional population-based study in Japan. Am J Nephrol. 2015;41(2):138-46.
- Ishibashi T, Kaneko H, Matsuoka S, Suzuki Y, Ueno K, Ohno R, et al. HDL cholesterol and clinical outcomes in diabetes mellitus. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2023;30(8):646-53.
- Jayashankar CA, Andrews HP, Vijayasarathi, Pinnelli VB, Shashidharan B, Nithin Kumar HN, Vemulapalli S. Serum uric acid and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are independent predictors of coronary artery disease in Asian Indian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Nat Sci Biol Med. 2016;7(2):161-5.
- Zhou X, Xu J. Association between serum uric acid-to-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Diabetes Investig. 2023.
- Aktas G, Yilmaz S, Kantarci DB, Duman TT, Bilgin S, Balci SB, Atak Tel BM. Is serum uric acid-to-HDL cholesterol ratio elevation associated with diabetic kidney injury? Postgrad Med. 2023;135(5):519-23.
- Barrett TJ, Distel E, Murphy AJ, Hu J, Garshick MS, Ogando Y, et al. Apolipoprotein AI) Promotes Atherosclerosis Regression in Diabetic Mice by Suppressing Myelopoiesis and Plaque Inflammation. Circulation. 2019;140(14):1170-84.
- Liu H, Liu K, Pei L, Gao Y, Zhao L, Sun S, et al. Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio Predicts the Outcome of Acute Ischemic Stroke. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2020;27(9):959-68.
- D Y, Sk SR, R NK, Pa A. Association Between Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein (HDL) Cholesterol Ratio and Proteinuria in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Observational Study. Cureus. 2023;15(9):e45783.
- Onalan E. The relationship between monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and diabetic nephropathy. Pak J Med Sci. 2019;35(4):1081-6.
- Tang X, Tan Y, Yang Y, Li M, He X, Lu Y, et al. Association of the Monocyte-to-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio With Diabetic Retinopathy. Front Cardiovasc Med. 2021;8:707008.
- Wang W, Chen ZY, Guo XL, Tu M. Monocyte to High-Density lipoprotein and Apolipoprotein A1 Ratios: Novel Indicators for Metabolic Syndrome in Chinese Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2022;13:935776.
- KİZİLgul M, Sencar E, Ucan B, Beysel S, OzcelİK O, Ozbek M, Cakal E. Components of the Complete Blood Count in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Inadequate Glycemic Control. Dicle Tıp Dergisi. 2018;45(2):113-20.
- Kuwabara M, Borghi C, Cicero AFG, Hisatome I, Niwa K, Ohno M, et al. Elevated serum uric acid increases risks for developing high LDL cholesterol and hypertriglyceridemia: A five-year cohort study in Japan. Int J Cardiol. 2018;261:183-8.
- Malla P, Khanal MP, Pokhrel A, Sah B, Pathak S, Subedi A, Sapkota S. Correlation of Serum Uric Acid and Lipid Profile in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2023;21(1):170-4.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Endokrinoloji, İç Hastalıkları |
| Bölüm | Original Article |
| Yazarlar | |
| Erken Görünüm Tarihi | 27 Nisan 2024 |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Nisan 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 27 Eylül 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 34 Sayı: 2 |
Genel Tıp Dergisi Creative Commons Atıf-GayriTicari 4.0 Uluslararası Lisansı (CC BY NC) ile lisanslanmıştır.