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Hodgkin Lymphoma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 28 - 36, 30.03.2024

Nergiz Erkut

https://doi.org/10.59518/farabimedj.1325315

Öz

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is a rare malignant neoplasm of the lymphatic system. It accounts for approximately 10% of all lymphomas. Although it is frequently observed in young people, it is observed less frequently in the elderly. HL is a malignancy that originates from the germinal center B lymphocytes and is characterized by a marked increase in inflammatory cells in the tumoral microenvironment. There are two types, classical HL and nodular lymphocyte-predominant HL (NLPHL), which have different clinical and pathological features. Classical HL accounts for 90-95%, and NLPHL 5-10% of cases. Approximately 80% of patients are cured with chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy. This review will focus on the epidemiology, etiology, pathobiology, clinic, diagnosis and treatment of HL.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Clinic Diagnosis Hodgkin lymphoma Treatment

Kaynakça

  • Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. 4th eds. International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2017:423-442.
  • Sasse S, Bröckelmann PJ, Goergen H, et al. Long-Term Follow-Up of Contemporary Treatment in Early-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: Updated Analyses of the German Hodgkin Study Group HD7, HD8, HD10, and HD11 Trials. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(18):1999-2007. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.70.9410
  • National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. Cancer stat facts: Hodgkin lymphoma. SEER https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/ html/hodg.html. 2019.
  • Storm HH, Klint A, Tryggvadóttir L, et al. Trends in the survival of patients diagnosed with malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic, and related tissue in the Nordic countries 1964-2003 followed up to the end of 2006. Acta Oncol. 2010;49(5):694-712. doi:10.3109/02841861003631495
  • Kaushansky K, Lichtman MA, Prchal JT, Levi M, Burns LJ, Linch DC. Williams Hematology. McGraw Hill. 10th eds. Spinner MA, Mou E, Advani RH. Hodgkin lymphoma. 2021; p: 1683-1711.
  • Momotow J, Borchmann S, Eichenauer DA, Engert A, Sasse S. Hodgkin Lymphoma-Review on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Current and Future Treatment Approaches for Adult Patients. J Clin Med. 2021;10(5):1125. Published 2021 Mar 8. doi:10.3390/jcm10051125
  • Connors JM, Cozen W, Steidl C, et al. Hodgkin lymphoma [published correction appears in Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Oct 20;7(1):79]. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):61. Published 2020 Jul 23. doi:10.1038/s41572-020-0189-6
  • Brune V, Tiacci E, Pfeil I, et al. Origin and pathogenesis of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma as revealed by global gene expression analysis. J Exp Med. 2008;205(10):2251-2268. doi:10.1084/jem.20080809
  • Brice P, de Kerviler E, Friedberg JW. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Lancet. 2021;398(10310):1518-1527. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32207-8
  • Carbone PP, Kaplan HS, Musshoff K, Smithers DW, Tubiana M. Report of the Committee on Hodgkin's Disease Staging Classification. Cancer Res. 1971;31(11):1860-1861.
  • Cheson BD, Fisher RI, Barrington SF, et al. Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the Lugano classification. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(27):3059-3068. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.54.8800
  • Hoppe RT, Advani RH, Ai WZ, et al. NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Hodgkin Lymphoma, Version 2.2022. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2022;20(4):322-334. doi:10.6004/jnccn.2022.0021
  • Moccia AA, Donaldson J, Chhanabhai M, et al. International Prognostic Score in advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: altered utility in the modern era. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(27):3383-3388. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.41.0910
  • Engert A, Plütschow A, Eich HT, et al. Reduced treatment intensity in patients with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(7):640-652. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1000067
  • André MPE, Girinsky T, Federico M, et al. Early Positron Emission Tomography Response-Adapted Treatment in Stage I and II Hodgkin Lymphoma: Final Results of the Randomized EORTC/LYSA/FIL H10 Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(16):1786-1794. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.68.6394
  • Fuchs M, Goergen H, Kobe C, et al. Positron Emission Tomography-Guided Treatment in Early-Stage Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma: Final Results of the International, Randomized Phase III HD16 Trial by the German Hodgkin Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(31):2835-2845. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.00964
  • Viviani S, Zinzani PL, Rambaldi A, et al. ABVD versus BEACOPP for Hodgkin's lymphoma when high-dose salvage is planned. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(3):203-212. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1100340
  • Fermé C, Thomas J, Brice P, et al. ABVD or BEACOPPbaseline along with involved-field radiotherapy in early-stage Hodgkin Lymphoma with risk factors: Results of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-Groupe d'Étude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA) H9-U intergroup randomised trial. Eur J Cancer. 2017;81:45-55. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2017.05.005
  • Meyer RM. Limited-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: Clarifying Uncertainty. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(16):1760-1763. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.72.2611
  • von Tresckow B, Plütschow A, Fuchs M, et al. Dose-intensification in early unfavorable Hodgkin's lymphoma: final analysis of the German Hodgkin Study Group HD14 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(9):907-913. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.38.5807
  • Gillessen S, Plütschow A, Fuchs M, et al. Dose-intensification in early unfavorable Hodgkin lymphoma: Long-term follow up of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) HD14 trial. Blood. 2019;134:129.
  • Borchmann P, Plütschow A, Kobe C, et al. PET-guided omission of radiotherapy in early-stage unfavourable Hodgkin lymphoma (GHSG HD17): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(2):223-234. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30601-X
  • Gallamini A, Rossi A, Patti C, et al. Consolidation Radiotherapy Could Be Safely Omitted in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma With Large Nodal Mass in Complete Metabolic Response After ABVD: Final Analysis of the Randomized GITIL/FIL HD0607 Trial [published correction appears in J Clin Oncol. 2021 Jan 1;39(1):96]. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(33):3905-3913. doi:10.1200/JCO.20.00935
  • Skoetz N, Trelle S, Rancea M, et al. Effect of initial treatment strategy on survival of patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(10):943-952. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70341-3
  • von Tresckow B, Kreissl S, Goergen H, et al. Intensive treatment strategies in advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HD9 and HD12): analysis of long-term survival in two randomised trials. Lancet Haematol. 2018;5(10):e462-e473. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(18)30140-6
  • Stephens DM, Li H, Schöder H, et al. Five-year follow-up of SWOG S0816: limitations and values of a PET-adapted approach with stage III/IV Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2019;134(15):1238-1246. doi:10.1182/blood.2019000719
  • Johnson P, Federico M, Kirkwood A, et al. Adapted Treatment Guided by Interim PET-CT Scan in Advanced Hodgkin's Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(25):2419-2429. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1510093
  • Casasnovas RO, Bouabdallah R, Brice P, et al. PET-adapted treatment for newly diagnosed advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (AHL2011): a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(2):202-215. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30784-8
  • Connors JM, Jurczak W, Straus DJ, et al. Brentuximab Vedotin with Chemotherapy for Stage III or IV Hodgkin's Lymphoma [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 1;378(9):878]. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(4):331-344. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1708984
  • Straus DJ, Długosz-Danecka M, Alekseev S, et al. Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for stage III/IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma: 3-year update of the ECHELON-1 study. Blood. 2020;135(10):735-742. doi:10.1182/blood.2019003127
  • Rancea M, Monsef I, von Tresckow B, Engert A, Skoetz N. High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(6):CD009411. Published 2013 Jun 20. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009411.pub2
  • Schmitz N, Pfistner B, Sextro M, et al. Aggressive conventional chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for relapsed chemosensitive Hodgkin's disease: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9323):2065-2071. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08938-9
  • Bröckelmann PJ, Müller H, Casasnovas O, et al. Risk factors and a prognostic score for survival after autologous stem-cell transplantation for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(6):1352-1358. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdx072
  • Garcia-Sanz R, Sureda A, de la Cruz F, et al. Brentuximab vedotin and ESHAP is highly effective as second-line therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma patients (long-term results of a trial by the Spanish GELTAMO Group). Ann Oncol. 2019;30(4):612-620. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdz009
  • Hagenbeek A, Zijlstra JM, Plattel WJ, et al. Combining brentuximab vedotin with DHAP as salvage treatment in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: The phase II HOVON/LLPC transplant BRaVE study. Blood. 2018;132:2923. Doi:10.1182/blood-2018-99-112235
  • Moskowitz CH, Nademanee A, Masszi T, et al. Brentuximab vedotin as consolidation therapy after autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma at risk of relapse or progression (AETHERA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial [published correction appears in Lancet. 2015 Aug 8;386(9993):532] [published correction appears in Lancet. 2015 Aug 8;386(9993):532]. Lancet. 2015;385(9980):1853-1862. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60165-9
  • Younes A, Gopal AK, Smith SE, et al. Results of a pivotal phase II study of brentuximab vedotin for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(18):2183-2189. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.38.0410
  • Armand P, Engert A, Younes A, et al. Nivolumab for Relapsed/Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma After Failure of Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Extended Follow-Up of the Multicohort Single-Arm Phase II CheckMate 205 Trial [published correction appears in J Clin Oncol. 2018 Sep 10;36(26):2748]. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(14):1428-1439. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.76.0793
  • Chen R, Zinzani PL, Fanale MA, et al. Phase II Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab for Relapsed/Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(19):2125-2132. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1316
  • Eichenauer DA, Plütschow A, Fuchs M, et al. Long-Term Course of Patients With Stage IA Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Report From the German Hodgkin Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(26):2857-2862. doi:10.1200/JCO.2014.60.4363
  • Chen RC, Chin MS, Ng AK, et al. Early-stage, lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma: patient outcomes from a large, single-institution series with long follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(1):136-141. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.24.0945
  • Eichenauer DA, Kreissl S, Bühnen I, et al. PET-2-guided escalated BEACOPP for advanced nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: a subgroup analysis of the randomized German Hodgkin Study Group HD18 study. Ann Oncol. 2021;32(6):807-810. doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2021.02.018
  • Fanale MA, Cheah CY, Rich A, et al. Encouraging activity for R-CHOP in advanced stage nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2017;130(4):472-477. doi:10.1182/blood-2017-02-766121
  • Prusila REI, Haapasaari KM, Marin K, et al. R-Bendamustine in the treatment of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Acta Oncol. 2018;57(9):1265-1267. doi:10.1080/0284186X.2018.1450522
  • Xing KH, Connors JM, Lai A, et al. Advanced-stage nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma compared with classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a matched pair outcome analysis. Blood. 2014;123(23):3567-3573. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-12-541078
  • Eichenauer DA, Plütschow A, Schröder L, et al. Relapsed and refractory nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: an analysis from the German Hodgkin Study Group. Blood. 2018;132(14):1519-1525. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-02-836437
  • Eichenauer DA, Goergen H, Plütschow A, et al. Ofatumumab in relapsed nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: results of a phase II study from the German Hodgkin study group. Leukemia. 2016;30(6):1425-1427. doi:10.1038/leu.2015.321

Hodgkin Lenfoma

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 28 - 36, 30.03.2024

Nergiz Erkut

https://doi.org/10.59518/farabimedj.1325315

Öz

Hodgkin lenfoma (HL), lenfatik sistemin nadir görülen malign bir neoplazisidir. Tüm lenfomaların yaklaşık %10’unu oluşturmaktadır. Sıklıkla gençlerde izlenmekle birlikte, daha az oranda yaşlılarda da gözlenmektedir. HL, germinal merkez B lenfositlerden kaynaklanan ve tümöral mikroçevrede belirgin inflamatuvar hücre artışı ile karakterize bir malignensidir. Klinik ve patolojik özellikleri farklı olan klasik HL ve nodüler lenfosit-predominant HL (NLPHL) olmak üzere iki tipi mevcuttur. Klasik HL vakaların %90-%95’ini, NLPHL ise %5-10’unu oluşturmaktadır. Kemoterapi ve/veya radyoterapi ile hastaların yaklaşık %80’inde kür sağlanmaktadır. Bu derlemede HL’nin epidemiyoloji, etiyoloji, patobiyoloji, klinik, tanı ve tedavisi üzerinde durulacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hodgkin lenfoma Klinik Tanı Tedavi

Destekleyen Kurum

Hayır

Kaynakça

  • Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. 4th eds. International Agency for Research on Cancer. 2017:423-442.
  • Sasse S, Bröckelmann PJ, Goergen H, et al. Long-Term Follow-Up of Contemporary Treatment in Early-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: Updated Analyses of the German Hodgkin Study Group HD7, HD8, HD10, and HD11 Trials. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(18):1999-2007. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.70.9410
  • National Cancer Institute Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results Program. Cancer stat facts: Hodgkin lymphoma. SEER https://seer.cancer.gov/statfacts/ html/hodg.html. 2019.
  • Storm HH, Klint A, Tryggvadóttir L, et al. Trends in the survival of patients diagnosed with malignant neoplasms of lymphoid, haematopoietic, and related tissue in the Nordic countries 1964-2003 followed up to the end of 2006. Acta Oncol. 2010;49(5):694-712. doi:10.3109/02841861003631495
  • Kaushansky K, Lichtman MA, Prchal JT, Levi M, Burns LJ, Linch DC. Williams Hematology. McGraw Hill. 10th eds. Spinner MA, Mou E, Advani RH. Hodgkin lymphoma. 2021; p: 1683-1711.
  • Momotow J, Borchmann S, Eichenauer DA, Engert A, Sasse S. Hodgkin Lymphoma-Review on Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, Current and Future Treatment Approaches for Adult Patients. J Clin Med. 2021;10(5):1125. Published 2021 Mar 8. doi:10.3390/jcm10051125
  • Connors JM, Cozen W, Steidl C, et al. Hodgkin lymphoma [published correction appears in Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2021 Oct 20;7(1):79]. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020;6(1):61. Published 2020 Jul 23. doi:10.1038/s41572-020-0189-6
  • Brune V, Tiacci E, Pfeil I, et al. Origin and pathogenesis of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma as revealed by global gene expression analysis. J Exp Med. 2008;205(10):2251-2268. doi:10.1084/jem.20080809
  • Brice P, de Kerviler E, Friedberg JW. Classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Lancet. 2021;398(10310):1518-1527. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(20)32207-8
  • Carbone PP, Kaplan HS, Musshoff K, Smithers DW, Tubiana M. Report of the Committee on Hodgkin's Disease Staging Classification. Cancer Res. 1971;31(11):1860-1861.
  • Cheson BD, Fisher RI, Barrington SF, et al. Recommendations for initial evaluation, staging, and response assessment of Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: the Lugano classification. J Clin Oncol. 2014;32(27):3059-3068. doi:10.1200/JCO.2013.54.8800
  • Hoppe RT, Advani RH, Ai WZ, et al. NCCN Guidelines® Insights: Hodgkin Lymphoma, Version 2.2022. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2022;20(4):322-334. doi:10.6004/jnccn.2022.0021
  • Moccia AA, Donaldson J, Chhanabhai M, et al. International Prognostic Score in advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: altered utility in the modern era. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(27):3383-3388. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.41.0910
  • Engert A, Plütschow A, Eich HT, et al. Reduced treatment intensity in patients with early-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2010;363(7):640-652. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1000067
  • André MPE, Girinsky T, Federico M, et al. Early Positron Emission Tomography Response-Adapted Treatment in Stage I and II Hodgkin Lymphoma: Final Results of the Randomized EORTC/LYSA/FIL H10 Trial. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(16):1786-1794. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.68.6394
  • Fuchs M, Goergen H, Kobe C, et al. Positron Emission Tomography-Guided Treatment in Early-Stage Favorable Hodgkin Lymphoma: Final Results of the International, Randomized Phase III HD16 Trial by the German Hodgkin Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2019;37(31):2835-2845. doi:10.1200/JCO.19.00964
  • Viviani S, Zinzani PL, Rambaldi A, et al. ABVD versus BEACOPP for Hodgkin's lymphoma when high-dose salvage is planned. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(3):203-212. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1100340
  • Fermé C, Thomas J, Brice P, et al. ABVD or BEACOPPbaseline along with involved-field radiotherapy in early-stage Hodgkin Lymphoma with risk factors: Results of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC)-Groupe d'Étude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA) H9-U intergroup randomised trial. Eur J Cancer. 2017;81:45-55. doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2017.05.005
  • Meyer RM. Limited-Stage Hodgkin Lymphoma: Clarifying Uncertainty. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(16):1760-1763. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.72.2611
  • von Tresckow B, Plütschow A, Fuchs M, et al. Dose-intensification in early unfavorable Hodgkin's lymphoma: final analysis of the German Hodgkin Study Group HD14 trial. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(9):907-913. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.38.5807
  • Gillessen S, Plütschow A, Fuchs M, et al. Dose-intensification in early unfavorable Hodgkin lymphoma: Long-term follow up of the German Hodgkin Study Group (GHSG) HD14 trial. Blood. 2019;134:129.
  • Borchmann P, Plütschow A, Kobe C, et al. PET-guided omission of radiotherapy in early-stage unfavourable Hodgkin lymphoma (GHSG HD17): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial. Lancet Oncol. 2021;22(2):223-234. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(20)30601-X
  • Gallamini A, Rossi A, Patti C, et al. Consolidation Radiotherapy Could Be Safely Omitted in Advanced Hodgkin Lymphoma With Large Nodal Mass in Complete Metabolic Response After ABVD: Final Analysis of the Randomized GITIL/FIL HD0607 Trial [published correction appears in J Clin Oncol. 2021 Jan 1;39(1):96]. J Clin Oncol. 2020;38(33):3905-3913. doi:10.1200/JCO.20.00935
  • Skoetz N, Trelle S, Rancea M, et al. Effect of initial treatment strategy on survival of patients with advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma: a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2013;14(10):943-952. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(13)70341-3
  • von Tresckow B, Kreissl S, Goergen H, et al. Intensive treatment strategies in advanced-stage Hodgkin's lymphoma (HD9 and HD12): analysis of long-term survival in two randomised trials. Lancet Haematol. 2018;5(10):e462-e473. doi:10.1016/S2352-3026(18)30140-6
  • Stephens DM, Li H, Schöder H, et al. Five-year follow-up of SWOG S0816: limitations and values of a PET-adapted approach with stage III/IV Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2019;134(15):1238-1246. doi:10.1182/blood.2019000719
  • Johnson P, Federico M, Kirkwood A, et al. Adapted Treatment Guided by Interim PET-CT Scan in Advanced Hodgkin's Lymphoma. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(25):2419-2429. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1510093
  • Casasnovas RO, Bouabdallah R, Brice P, et al. PET-adapted treatment for newly diagnosed advanced Hodgkin lymphoma (AHL2011): a randomised, multicentre, non-inferiority, phase 3 study. Lancet Oncol. 2019;20(2):202-215. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(18)30784-8
  • Connors JM, Jurczak W, Straus DJ, et al. Brentuximab Vedotin with Chemotherapy for Stage III or IV Hodgkin's Lymphoma [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 1;378(9):878]. N Engl J Med. 2018;378(4):331-344. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1708984
  • Straus DJ, Długosz-Danecka M, Alekseev S, et al. Brentuximab vedotin with chemotherapy for stage III/IV classical Hodgkin lymphoma: 3-year update of the ECHELON-1 study. Blood. 2020;135(10):735-742. doi:10.1182/blood.2019003127
  • Rancea M, Monsef I, von Tresckow B, Engert A, Skoetz N. High-dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation for patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;(6):CD009411. Published 2013 Jun 20. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009411.pub2
  • Schmitz N, Pfistner B, Sextro M, et al. Aggressive conventional chemotherapy compared with high-dose chemotherapy with autologous haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation for relapsed chemosensitive Hodgkin's disease: a randomised trial. Lancet. 2002;359(9323):2065-2071. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)08938-9
  • Bröckelmann PJ, Müller H, Casasnovas O, et al. Risk factors and a prognostic score for survival after autologous stem-cell transplantation for relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma. Ann Oncol. 2017;28(6):1352-1358. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdx072
  • Garcia-Sanz R, Sureda A, de la Cruz F, et al. Brentuximab vedotin and ESHAP is highly effective as second-line therapy for Hodgkin lymphoma patients (long-term results of a trial by the Spanish GELTAMO Group). Ann Oncol. 2019;30(4):612-620. doi:10.1093/annonc/mdz009
  • Hagenbeek A, Zijlstra JM, Plattel WJ, et al. Combining brentuximab vedotin with DHAP as salvage treatment in relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma: The phase II HOVON/LLPC transplant BRaVE study. Blood. 2018;132:2923. Doi:10.1182/blood-2018-99-112235
  • Moskowitz CH, Nademanee A, Masszi T, et al. Brentuximab vedotin as consolidation therapy after autologous stem-cell transplantation in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma at risk of relapse or progression (AETHERA): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial [published correction appears in Lancet. 2015 Aug 8;386(9993):532] [published correction appears in Lancet. 2015 Aug 8;386(9993):532]. Lancet. 2015;385(9980):1853-1862. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60165-9
  • Younes A, Gopal AK, Smith SE, et al. Results of a pivotal phase II study of brentuximab vedotin for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin's lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(18):2183-2189. doi:10.1200/JCO.2011.38.0410
  • Armand P, Engert A, Younes A, et al. Nivolumab for Relapsed/Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma After Failure of Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: Extended Follow-Up of the Multicohort Single-Arm Phase II CheckMate 205 Trial [published correction appears in J Clin Oncol. 2018 Sep 10;36(26):2748]. J Clin Oncol. 2018;36(14):1428-1439. doi:10.1200/JCO.2017.76.0793
  • Chen R, Zinzani PL, Fanale MA, et al. Phase II Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Pembrolizumab for Relapsed/Refractory Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(19):2125-2132. doi:10.1200/JCO.2016.72.1316
  • Eichenauer DA, Plütschow A, Fuchs M, et al. Long-Term Course of Patients With Stage IA Nodular Lymphocyte-Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Report From the German Hodgkin Study Group. J Clin Oncol. 2015;33(26):2857-2862. doi:10.1200/JCO.2014.60.4363
  • Chen RC, Chin MS, Ng AK, et al. Early-stage, lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma: patient outcomes from a large, single-institution series with long follow-up. J Clin Oncol. 2010;28(1):136-141. doi:10.1200/JCO.2009.24.0945
  • Eichenauer DA, Kreissl S, Bühnen I, et al. PET-2-guided escalated BEACOPP for advanced nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: a subgroup analysis of the randomized German Hodgkin Study Group HD18 study. Ann Oncol. 2021;32(6):807-810. doi:10.1016/j.annonc.2021.02.018
  • Fanale MA, Cheah CY, Rich A, et al. Encouraging activity for R-CHOP in advanced stage nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Blood. 2017;130(4):472-477. doi:10.1182/blood-2017-02-766121
  • Prusila REI, Haapasaari KM, Marin K, et al. R-Bendamustine in the treatment of nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma. Acta Oncol. 2018;57(9):1265-1267. doi:10.1080/0284186X.2018.1450522
  • Xing KH, Connors JM, Lai A, et al. Advanced-stage nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma compared with classical Hodgkin lymphoma: a matched pair outcome analysis. Blood. 2014;123(23):3567-3573. doi:10.1182/blood-2013-12-541078
  • Eichenauer DA, Plütschow A, Schröder L, et al. Relapsed and refractory nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: an analysis from the German Hodgkin Study Group. Blood. 2018;132(14):1519-1525. doi:10.1182/blood-2018-02-836437
  • Eichenauer DA, Goergen H, Plütschow A, et al. Ofatumumab in relapsed nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: results of a phase II study from the German Hodgkin study group. Leukemia. 2016;30(6):1425-1427. doi:10.1038/leu.2015.321
Toplam 47 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular İç Hastalıkları
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Nergiz Erkut 0000-0002-6683-0432

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 13 Mart 2024
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Mart 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

AMA Erkut N. Hodgkin Lenfoma. Farabi Med J. Mart 2024;3(1):28-36. doi:10.59518/farabimedj.1325315
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