Öz
Genel nüfusla karşılaştırıldığında, göçmenler karmaşık sosyal, ekonomik, kültürel ve fiziksel çevresel geçmişleri nedeniyle olumsuz sağlık sonuçlarına karşı daha savunmasız olabilir. Göçmenler, ev sahibi ülkelerdeki değişen fiziksel ve sosyo-kültürel ortamlar, hastalık modellerinde kademeli bir değişimi beraberinde getirirken, menşe bölgeleri için tipik olan risk profillerinin bir kısmını korurlar. Pek çok ülkede göçmenlerin çoğu, ciddi çevresel ve mesleki riskler oluşturan, akciğer sağlığını olumsuz etkileyen madencilik, inşaat ve imalat işleri gibi işlerde çalışmaktadır. Son yıllarda, pek çok göç alan ülkenin endüstriyel yapısındaki önemli değişiklikler, mesleki solunum tehlikelerine maruz kalma durumlarını değiştirmiş ve bu nedenle mesleki solunum yolu hastalıklarının yükünü artırmıştır. COVID-19 pandemisi, akciğer sağlık sorunlarını etkileyen sosyal belirleyicilerinin belirgin yaşandığı tarihe geçecek bir deneyim olmuştur, bu süreçte de en fazla göçmenler etkilenmiştir. Karşılanamaz sağlık hizmetleri birçok göçmen için önemli bir engel olmaya devam etmektedir. Göçmenlerin başta koruyucu hizmetler olmak üzere tüm hizmetlere erişiminin sağlanması yanı sıra yaşam koşullarının da iyileştirilmesi ile akciğer sağlığı sorunları çözülebilir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Destekleyen Kurum
yok
Teşekkür
Makalenin özeti, TÜSAD Solunum 2021, Dijital, (29 Ekim- 3 Kasım 2021) kongresinde sunulmuştur.
Kaynakça
- 1. Abubakar I., Aldridge RW, Devakumar D, Orcutt M, Burns R, Barreto M L, Zhou S. The UCL–Lancet Commission on Migration and Health: the health of a world on the move. The Lancet. 2018; 392.10164: 2606-2654. Doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32114-7
- 2. Holguin F, Moughrabieh MA, Ojeda V, Patel SR, Peyrani P, Pinedo M,Roman J. Respiratory health in migrant populations: a crisis overlooked. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2017; 14(2):153-159. Doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201608-592PS
- 3. Climate Change and Lung Health. Available from: https://www.lung.org/clean-air/climate-change/climate-change-lung-health
- 4. Roman J, Viegi G, Schenker M, Ojeda VD, Pérez-Stable EJ, Nemery B, Celedón JC. Research needs on respiratory health in migrant and refugee populations. An official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society workshop report. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2018; 15(11):1247-1255. Doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201807-478ST
- 5. Ayres JG, Forsberg B, Annesi-Maesano I, Dey R, Ebi KL, Helms PJ, Forastiere F. Climate change and respiratory disease: European Respiratory Society position statement. European Respiratory Journal. 2009; 34(2): 295-302. Doi: 10.1183/09031936.00003409
- 6. d'Amato G, Rottem M, Dahl R, Blaiss MS, Ridolo E, Cecchi L, Annesi-Maesano I. Climate change, migration, and allergic respiratory diseases: an update for the allergist. World Allergy Organization Journal. 2011; 4(7): 121-125. doi: 10.1097/WOX.0b013e3182260a57
- 7. Liu L. China's dusty lung crisis: rural-urban health inequity as social and spatial injustice. Social Science & Medicine. 2019; 233: 218-228. Doi: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2019.05.033
- 8. Garcia JG, Matheny Dresser KS, Zerr A D. Respiratory health of Hispanic migrant farm workers in Indiana. American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 1996; 29(1): 23-32. Doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199601)29:1<23::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-#
- 9. Mucci N., Traversini V, Giorgi G, Garzaro G, Fiz-Perez J, Campagna M, Arcangeli G. Migrant workers and physical health: an umbrella review. Sustainability. 2019;11(1): 232. Doi: 10.3390/su11010232
- 10. Chiswick BR, Lee YL, Miller PW. Immigrant selection systems and immigrant health. Contemporary Economic Policy. 2008;26(4): 555–578. Doi: 10.1111/j.1465-7287.2008.00099.x
- 11. Namer Y, Razum O. Convergence theory and the salmon effect in migrant health. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Global Public Health. 2018. Doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190632366.013.17
- 12. Johansson B, Helgesson M, Lundberg I, Nordquist T, Leijon O, Lindberg P, Vingård E. Work and health among immigrants and native Swedes 1990–2008: a register-based study on hospitalization for common potentially work-related disorders, disability pension and mortality. BMC Public Health. 2012; 12(1): 1-10. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-845
- 13. De Matteis S, Heederik D, Burdorf A, Colosio C, Cullinan P, Henneberger PK, Sigsgaard T. Current and new challenges in occupational lung diseases. European Respiratory Review. 2017; 26(146). Doi: 10.1183/16000617.0080-2017
- 14. Wild SH, Fischbacher CM, Brock A, Griffiths C, Bhopal R. Mortality from all cancers and lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer by country of birth in England and Wales, 2001–2003. British Journal of Cancer. 2006; 94(7):1079-1085. Doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603031
- 15. Vanthomme K, Rosskamp M, De Schutter H, Vandenheede H. Lung cancer incidence differences in migrant men in Belgium, 2004–2013: Histology-specific analyses. BMC cancer. 2021; 21(1): 1-15. Doi: 10.1183/16000617.0080-2017
- 16. Spallek J, Arnold M, Razum O, Juel K, Rey G, Deboosere P, Kunst AE. Cancer mortality patterns among Turkish immigrants in four European countries and in Turkey. European journal of epidemiology. 2012; 27(12): 915-921. Doi: 10.1007/s10654-012-9746-y
- 17. Deboosere P, Gadeyne S. Adult migrant mortality advantage in Belgium: evidence using census and register data. Population. 2005; 60(5): 655-698. Doi: 10.2307/4148188
- 18. OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19). What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immigrants and their children? 2020. Available from: https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/what-is-the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-immigrants-and-their-children-e7cbb7de/
- 19. Usturalı Mut AN. COVID-19 süreci ve göçmen sağlığı. Çöl M, editör. Halk Sağlığı Bakışıyla COVID-19. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri. 2021; pp.105-12.
- 20. Hall, E., Lee, S. Y., Clark, P. C., Perilla, J. Social ecology of adherence to hypertension treatment in Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 2016; 27(1): 33-41. Doi: 10.1177/1043659614524788
Öz
Compared to the general population, immigrants may be more vulnerable to adverse health outcomes due to their complex social, economic, cultural and physical environmental histories. Immigrants retain some of the risk profiles typical for their region of origin, while changing physical and socio-cultural environments in host countries bring about a gradual change in disease patterns. In many countries, most immigrants work in jobs that pose serious environmental and occupational risks and adversely affect lung health, such as mining, construction and manufacturing jobs. In recent years, significant changes in the industrial structure of many immigration countries have changed their exposure to occupational respiratory hazards and therefore increased the burden of occupational respiratory diseases. The COVID-19 pandemic has been an experience that will go down in history with its social determinants affecting lung health problems, and immigrants were most affected in this process. Unaffordable healthcare continues to be a major barrier for many migrants. Lung health problems can be solved by ensuring that immigrants have access to all services, especially protective services, as well as improving their living conditions.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Abubakar I., Aldridge RW, Devakumar D, Orcutt M, Burns R, Barreto M L, Zhou S. The UCL–Lancet Commission on Migration and Health: the health of a world on the move. The Lancet. 2018; 392.10164: 2606-2654. Doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32114-7
- 2. Holguin F, Moughrabieh MA, Ojeda V, Patel SR, Peyrani P, Pinedo M,Roman J. Respiratory health in migrant populations: a crisis overlooked. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2017; 14(2):153-159. Doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201608-592PS
- 3. Climate Change and Lung Health. Available from: https://www.lung.org/clean-air/climate-change/climate-change-lung-health
- 4. Roman J, Viegi G, Schenker M, Ojeda VD, Pérez-Stable EJ, Nemery B, Celedón JC. Research needs on respiratory health in migrant and refugee populations. An official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society workshop report. Annals of the American Thoracic Society. 2018; 15(11):1247-1255. Doi: 10.1513/AnnalsATS.201807-478ST
- 5. Ayres JG, Forsberg B, Annesi-Maesano I, Dey R, Ebi KL, Helms PJ, Forastiere F. Climate change and respiratory disease: European Respiratory Society position statement. European Respiratory Journal. 2009; 34(2): 295-302. Doi: 10.1183/09031936.00003409
- 6. d'Amato G, Rottem M, Dahl R, Blaiss MS, Ridolo E, Cecchi L, Annesi-Maesano I. Climate change, migration, and allergic respiratory diseases: an update for the allergist. World Allergy Organization Journal. 2011; 4(7): 121-125. doi: 10.1097/WOX.0b013e3182260a57
- 7. Liu L. China's dusty lung crisis: rural-urban health inequity as social and spatial injustice. Social Science & Medicine. 2019; 233: 218-228. Doi: 10.1016/J.SOCSCIMED.2019.05.033
- 8. Garcia JG, Matheny Dresser KS, Zerr A D. Respiratory health of Hispanic migrant farm workers in Indiana. American Journal of Industrial Medicine. 1996; 29(1): 23-32. Doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199601)29:1<23::AID-AJIM4>3.0.CO;2-#
- 9. Mucci N., Traversini V, Giorgi G, Garzaro G, Fiz-Perez J, Campagna M, Arcangeli G. Migrant workers and physical health: an umbrella review. Sustainability. 2019;11(1): 232. Doi: 10.3390/su11010232
- 10. Chiswick BR, Lee YL, Miller PW. Immigrant selection systems and immigrant health. Contemporary Economic Policy. 2008;26(4): 555–578. Doi: 10.1111/j.1465-7287.2008.00099.x
- 11. Namer Y, Razum O. Convergence theory and the salmon effect in migrant health. In Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Global Public Health. 2018. Doi: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190632366.013.17
- 12. Johansson B, Helgesson M, Lundberg I, Nordquist T, Leijon O, Lindberg P, Vingård E. Work and health among immigrants and native Swedes 1990–2008: a register-based study on hospitalization for common potentially work-related disorders, disability pension and mortality. BMC Public Health. 2012; 12(1): 1-10. Doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-12-845
- 13. De Matteis S, Heederik D, Burdorf A, Colosio C, Cullinan P, Henneberger PK, Sigsgaard T. Current and new challenges in occupational lung diseases. European Respiratory Review. 2017; 26(146). Doi: 10.1183/16000617.0080-2017
- 14. Wild SH, Fischbacher CM, Brock A, Griffiths C, Bhopal R. Mortality from all cancers and lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer by country of birth in England and Wales, 2001–2003. British Journal of Cancer. 2006; 94(7):1079-1085. Doi: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6603031
- 15. Vanthomme K, Rosskamp M, De Schutter H, Vandenheede H. Lung cancer incidence differences in migrant men in Belgium, 2004–2013: Histology-specific analyses. BMC cancer. 2021; 21(1): 1-15. Doi: 10.1183/16000617.0080-2017
- 16. Spallek J, Arnold M, Razum O, Juel K, Rey G, Deboosere P, Kunst AE. Cancer mortality patterns among Turkish immigrants in four European countries and in Turkey. European journal of epidemiology. 2012; 27(12): 915-921. Doi: 10.1007/s10654-012-9746-y
- 17. Deboosere P, Gadeyne S. Adult migrant mortality advantage in Belgium: evidence using census and register data. Population. 2005; 60(5): 655-698. Doi: 10.2307/4148188
- 18. OECD Policy Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19). What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on immigrants and their children? 2020. Available from: https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus/policy-responses/what-is-the-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic-on-immigrants-and-their-children-e7cbb7de/
- 19. Usturalı Mut AN. COVID-19 süreci ve göçmen sağlığı. Çöl M, editör. Halk Sağlığı Bakışıyla COVID-19. 1. Baskı. Ankara: Türkiye Klinikleri. 2021; pp.105-12.
- 20. Hall, E., Lee, S. Y., Clark, P. C., Perilla, J. Social ecology of adherence to hypertension treatment in Latino migrant and seasonal farmworkers. Journal of Transcultural Nursing. 2016; 27(1): 33-41. Doi: 10.1177/1043659614524788
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Halk Sağlığı, Çevre Sağlığı |
| Bölüm | Derlemeler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 20 Ekim 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 8 Nisan 2022 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3 |
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