Öz
Dünyada olduğu gibi ülkemizde de, iş kazalarının önlenmesi ve güvenli işyerlerinin oluşturulması güvenlik kültürü ile yakından ilişkilidir. Bireylerin güvenlik algı ve tutumlarını ifade eden güvenlik iklimi; iş çevresinden oluşan örgütün simgesel ve politik yönlerini yani durumunu yansıtmaktadır. İşletmeleri değerlendirmede kullanılacak Türkçe bir ölçüm aracı uyarlamaya yönelik çalışma, Manisa’da bulunan tarımsal mekanizasyon işletmelerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin uyum iyiliği değerleri arasında olan X2/df=2,93, yaklaşıklık hataları ortalamasının karekökü (RMSEA)=0,085 ve Ortalama Hataların Karekökü Standart RMR=0,076 değerleriyle kabul edilebilir uyumdadır. Bir diğer ölçüt olan karşılaştırmalı uyum indeksi (CFI)=0,941 olarak sınırda uyumlu bulunmuştur. İç tutarlılık için hesaplanan Cronbach'ın Alfa Katsayısı 0,869 ile orijinal çalışmadaki 0,879 değerine çok yakındır ve McDonald’s Omega Katsayısı 0,880’dir. Madde silindiğinde Cronbach’ın alfa katsayısı ve örtüşmeye göre madde-toplam korelasyon katsayıları incelendiğinde 14 ve 16. maddeler dışında uyumu aşırı derecede etkileyebilecek madde görülmemiştir. Güvenlik İklimi Ölçeği’nin Türkçe sürümünün psikometrik özellikler açısından açıklayıcılığının ve iç tutarlılığının yüksek, model uyumunun iyi düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1- Bilir N, Yıldız AN. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği. 2013. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları
- 2- Aytaç S. İş Kazalarını Önlemede Güvenlik Kültürünün Önemi.
- 3- Pidgeon NF. Safety Culture and Risk Management in Organizations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 1991;22(1):129-40. doi: 10.1177/0022022191221009
- 4- Harvey J, Erdos G, Bolam H, Cox MAA, Kennedy JNP, Gregory DT. An analysis of safety culture attitudes in a highly regulated environment. Work and Stress. 2002;16(1):18-36. doi: 10.1080/02678370110113226.
- 5- Demirbilek T. İş Güvenliği Kültürü (1. Baskı). 2005. İstanbul: Legal Yayıncılık.
- 6- Kennedy R, Kirwan B. Development of a Hazard and Operability-based method for identifying safety management vulnerabilities in high risk systems. Safety Science 1998. 30(3):249-74. doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(98)00025-3.
- 7- Lin SH, Tang WJ, Miao JY, Wang ZM, Wang PX. Safety climate measurement at workplace in China: A validity and reliability assessment Safety Science. 2008;46:1037-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.05.001.
- 8- Floyd FJ, Widaman KF. Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment. 1995;7(3):286-99. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.286.
- 9- Brown KA, Willis PG, Prussia GE. Predicting safe employee behavior in the steel industry: Development and test sociotechnical model. Journal of Operations Management. 2000;18(4):445-65. doi:10.1016/S0272-6963(00)00033-4.
- 10- Demirbilek T, Çakır Ö. Kişisel Koruyucu Donanım Kullanımını Etkileyen Bireysel ve Örgütsel Değişkenler. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2008;23(2):173-91.
- 11- Williamson AM, Feyer AM, Cairns D, Biancotti D. The development of a measure of safety climate: The role of safety perceptions and attitudes. Safety Science. 1997;25(1):15-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/
- 12- Guyatt GH. The Philosoophy of Health-Related Quality of Life Translation. Qual. Life Res. 1993 Dec;2(6):461-5. doi:101.1007/BF00422220.
- 13- Herdman M, Fox-Rushby J, Badia X. A Model of Equivalence in the Cultural Adaptation of HRQoL Instruments: The Universalist Approach Quality of Life Research. 7(4):323-35. doi: 10.2307/4034525.
- 14- Loewenthal K, Lewis CA. An Introduction to Psyhological Tests and Scales. 2001. Cornwall, UK: Psychology Press.
- 15- Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. Psychometric theory. 1994. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- 16- Kline RB. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelling (3 ed). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
- 17- Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H, Müller H. Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online. 2003;8(2):23-74.
- 18- Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral scienses (2 ed.). Hilsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- 19- Robitail S, Simeoni MC, Erhart M, Ravens-Sieberer U, Bruil J, Auquier P. Validation of the European Proxy KIDSCREEN-52 Pilot Test Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire: First Results. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2006;39(4):596.e1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.01.009.
- 20-Ma Q, Yuan J. Explatory study on safety climate in Chinese manufacturing enterprises. Safety Science. 2009;47:1043-6.
- 21-Seçer İ. Psikolojik Test Geliştirme ve Uyarlama Süreci (2. Baskı). 2018. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
- 22-Tavşancıl E. Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi (2. Baskı). Ankara:Nobel Yayınları.
- 23-Zhang H, Wiegmann DA, Von Thaden TL, Sharma G, Mitchell AA. Safety Culture: A Concept in Chaos? Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 2002;46(15):1404-8. doi:10.1177/154193120204601520.
- 24-A Group-Level Model of Safety Climate: Testing the Effect of Group Climate on Microaccidents in Manufacturing Jobs. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2000;85(4):587-96. doi:10.1037//0021-9010.85.4.587.
- 25-Ghahrahmani A, Khalkahali HR. Development and Validation of a Safety Climate Scale for Manufacturing Industry. Safety and Health at Work. 2015;6:97-103. 10.1016/j.shaw.2015.01.003.
- 26-Flin R, Mearns K, O'Connor P, Bryden R. Measuring safety climate: identifying the common features. Safety Science. 2000;34;177-92.
- 27-Guldenmund FW. The nature of safety culture: a review of theory and research. Safety Science. 2000;34:215-57.
- 28-Rundmo T, Hale AR. Managers’ attitudes towards safety and accident prevention. Safety Science. 2003. 41:557-74.
- 29-Coyle IR, Sleeman SD, Adams N. Safety Climate. Journal of Safety Research. 1999;26(4):247-54.
- 30-Cheyne A, Cox S, Oliver V, Tomas JM. Modelling safety climate in the prediction of levels of safety activity. Work and Stress. 1998;12(3):255-71. doi: 10.1080/02678379808256865.
- 31-Mearns K, Whitaker SM, Flin R. Safety climate, safety management practice and safety performance in offshore environments. Safety Science. 2003;41:641-80. doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(02)00011-5.
Öz
As in the world, in our country, the prevention of work accidents and the establishment of safe workplaces are closely related to the safety culture. Safety climate, which expresses the safety perceptions and attitudes of individuals; reflects the symbolic and political aspects of the organization consisting of the business environment. The study for adapting a Turkish measurement tool to be used in evaluating the enterprises was carried out in agricultural mechanization enterprises in Manisa. X2/df=2.93, which is among the goodness of fit values of the scale, is in an acceptable compliance with squared mean of approximation errors (RMSEA)=0.085 and standard RMR=0.076. Another criterion, the comparative fit index (CFI)=0.941 was found to be borderline compatible. Cronbach Alpha Coefficient calculated for internal consistency is very close to 0.869 in the original study with 0.869 and McDonald's Omega Coefficient is 0.880. When the item is deleted and Cronbach's alpha coefficient and item-total correlation coefficients according to overlap were analyzed, no item that could adversely affect compliance was observed except for items 14 and 16. It has been determined that the Turkish version of the Safety Climate Scale is high in explanatory and internal consistency in terms of psychometric properties and has a good model fit.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1- Bilir N, Yıldız AN. İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği. 2013. Ankara: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yayınları
- 2- Aytaç S. İş Kazalarını Önlemede Güvenlik Kültürünün Önemi.
- 3- Pidgeon NF. Safety Culture and Risk Management in Organizations. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. 1991;22(1):129-40. doi: 10.1177/0022022191221009
- 4- Harvey J, Erdos G, Bolam H, Cox MAA, Kennedy JNP, Gregory DT. An analysis of safety culture attitudes in a highly regulated environment. Work and Stress. 2002;16(1):18-36. doi: 10.1080/02678370110113226.
- 5- Demirbilek T. İş Güvenliği Kültürü (1. Baskı). 2005. İstanbul: Legal Yayıncılık.
- 6- Kennedy R, Kirwan B. Development of a Hazard and Operability-based method for identifying safety management vulnerabilities in high risk systems. Safety Science 1998. 30(3):249-74. doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(98)00025-3.
- 7- Lin SH, Tang WJ, Miao JY, Wang ZM, Wang PX. Safety climate measurement at workplace in China: A validity and reliability assessment Safety Science. 2008;46:1037-46. doi: 10.1016/j.ssci.2007.05.001.
- 8- Floyd FJ, Widaman KF. Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment. 1995;7(3):286-99. doi:10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.286.
- 9- Brown KA, Willis PG, Prussia GE. Predicting safe employee behavior in the steel industry: Development and test sociotechnical model. Journal of Operations Management. 2000;18(4):445-65. doi:10.1016/S0272-6963(00)00033-4.
- 10- Demirbilek T, Çakır Ö. Kişisel Koruyucu Donanım Kullanımını Etkileyen Bireysel ve Örgütsel Değişkenler. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2008;23(2):173-91.
- 11- Williamson AM, Feyer AM, Cairns D, Biancotti D. The development of a measure of safety climate: The role of safety perceptions and attitudes. Safety Science. 1997;25(1):15-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/
- 12- Guyatt GH. The Philosoophy of Health-Related Quality of Life Translation. Qual. Life Res. 1993 Dec;2(6):461-5. doi:101.1007/BF00422220.
- 13- Herdman M, Fox-Rushby J, Badia X. A Model of Equivalence in the Cultural Adaptation of HRQoL Instruments: The Universalist Approach Quality of Life Research. 7(4):323-35. doi: 10.2307/4034525.
- 14- Loewenthal K, Lewis CA. An Introduction to Psyhological Tests and Scales. 2001. Cornwall, UK: Psychology Press.
- 15- Nunnally JC, Bernstein IH. Psychometric theory. 1994. New York: McGraw-Hill.
- 16- Kline RB. Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modelling (3 ed). New York, NY: The Guilford Press.
- 17- Schermelleh-Engel K, Moosbrugger H, Müller H. Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research Online. 2003;8(2):23-74.
- 18- Cohen J. Statistical power analysis for the behavioral scienses (2 ed.). Hilsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum.
- 19- Robitail S, Simeoni MC, Erhart M, Ravens-Sieberer U, Bruil J, Auquier P. Validation of the European Proxy KIDSCREEN-52 Pilot Test Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire: First Results. Journal of Adolescent Health. 2006;39(4):596.e1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2006.01.009.
- 20-Ma Q, Yuan J. Explatory study on safety climate in Chinese manufacturing enterprises. Safety Science. 2009;47:1043-6.
- 21-Seçer İ. Psikolojik Test Geliştirme ve Uyarlama Süreci (2. Baskı). 2018. Ankara: Anı Yayıncılık.
- 22-Tavşancıl E. Tutumların Ölçülmesi ve SPSS ile Veri Analizi (2. Baskı). Ankara:Nobel Yayınları.
- 23-Zhang H, Wiegmann DA, Von Thaden TL, Sharma G, Mitchell AA. Safety Culture: A Concept in Chaos? Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting Human Factors and Ergonomics Society. 2002;46(15):1404-8. doi:10.1177/154193120204601520.
- 24-A Group-Level Model of Safety Climate: Testing the Effect of Group Climate on Microaccidents in Manufacturing Jobs. Journal of Applied Psychology. 2000;85(4):587-96. doi:10.1037//0021-9010.85.4.587.
- 25-Ghahrahmani A, Khalkahali HR. Development and Validation of a Safety Climate Scale for Manufacturing Industry. Safety and Health at Work. 2015;6:97-103. 10.1016/j.shaw.2015.01.003.
- 26-Flin R, Mearns K, O'Connor P, Bryden R. Measuring safety climate: identifying the common features. Safety Science. 2000;34;177-92.
- 27-Guldenmund FW. The nature of safety culture: a review of theory and research. Safety Science. 2000;34:215-57.
- 28-Rundmo T, Hale AR. Managers’ attitudes towards safety and accident prevention. Safety Science. 2003. 41:557-74.
- 29-Coyle IR, Sleeman SD, Adams N. Safety Climate. Journal of Safety Research. 1999;26(4):247-54.
- 30-Cheyne A, Cox S, Oliver V, Tomas JM. Modelling safety climate in the prediction of levels of safety activity. Work and Stress. 1998;12(3):255-71. doi: 10.1080/02678379808256865.
- 31-Mearns K, Whitaker SM, Flin R. Safety climate, safety management practice and safety performance in offshore environments. Safety Science. 2003;41:641-80. doi:10.1016/S0925-7535(02)00011-5.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
|---|---|
| Konular | Halk Sağlığı, Çevre Sağlığı |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ocak 2022 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 22 Şubat 2021 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2022 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 1 |
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