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Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Geleceğinde Metaverse Ekosistemi ve Teknolojileri: Uygulamalar, Fırsatlar ve Zorluklar

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 12 - 34, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.52148/ehta.1082705

Öz

COVID-19 pandemisinin yol açtığı kısıtlamalar insanlığın bu gerçeğe uygun bir yaşam biçimi geliştirmesini zorunlu kılmıştır. Özellikle zorunlu ihtiyaçların karşılanması gereken bir sektör olan sağlık hizmetlerinde teknoloji kullanımı bu gereksinime bağlı olarak artış göstermiştir. Bu durum hem insan ihtiyaçlarının güvenle karşılanabileceği hem de fiziksel temas söz konusu olmadan insanların iletişim kurabileceği sanal bir evren olarak Metaverse kavramına olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı pek çok sektörde köklü değişimlere yol açması beklenen Metaverse kavramının sağlık hizmetlerinin geleceğine nasıl yön vereceğinin, sunduğu fırsatların ve barındırdığı zorlukların değerlendirilmesidir. Bu kapsamda Metaverse teknoloji bileşenleri olarak ele alınan genişletilmiş gerçeklik, yapay zeka, blok zincir, bilgisayarlı görü, kullanıcı etkileşimi, ağ, sınır bilişim, robotik ve nesnelerin interneti (IoT) gibi teknolojilerin sağlık hizmetlerindeki mevcut uygulamalarına yer verilmiştir. İlgili teknolojilerin Metaverse entegrasyonu ile birlikte uzaktan sunulabilecek sağlık hizmetleri için damgalama korkusu yaşayan ruh sağlığı ve cinsel yolla bulaşan hastalıkları bulunan hastalar, ileri yaşlılar ve çocuklar potansiyel hedef grupları olarak öngörülmüştür. Metaverse’ün sağlık turizmi, insan kaynağı, sağlık hizmetlerinde tedavi etkinliği, eğitim, hasta memnuniyeti ve veri yönetimi gibi pek çok konuda potansiyel fırsatlar ve avantajlar sunması beklenmektedir. Bununla birlikte Metaverse teknolojilerinin kullanım maliyeti, mahremiyet ihlalleri, veri gizliliği ve güvenliği ile bireylerin bu teknolojileri yoğun olarak kullanması sonucunda ortaya çıkabilecek sanal bağımlılık, sosyal izolasyon, davranış bozuklukları, artan kaygı ve stres gibi zorluklar da çalışmada değerlendirilmiştir.

Kaynakça

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Metaverse Ecosystem and Technologies in the Future of Healthcare: Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 12 - 34, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.52148/ehta.1082705

Öz

The restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have made it necessary for humanity to develop a lifestyle based on this reality. The use of technology in healthcare, a sector requiring mandatory needs, has increased in line with this need. This increased the interest in the notion of Metaverse, a virtual universe in which people can safely meet human needs and communicate with no physical contact. This study aims to evaluate how the concept of Metaverse, which is expected to lead to radical changes in many sectors, will shape the future of healthcare, the opportunities it offers and the challenges it contains. In this context, the existing applications in healthcare of technologies such as extended reality, artificial intelligence, blockchain, computer vision, user interactivity, network, edge computing, robotics and internet of things (IoT), which are considered as Metaverse technology components included. With the integration of related technologies into Metaverse, patients with mental health disorders and sexually transmitted diseases, who are afraid of stigmatization, elderly people and children, are foreseen as potential target groups for services qualified as remote health services. Metaverse is expected to offer potential opportunities and advantages in many areas such as health tourism, human resources, treatment effectiveness in healthcare, education, patient satisfaction and data management. On the other hand, the cost of using Metaverse technologies, privacy violations, data privacy and security, and challenges that may arise with the intense use of these technologies by individuals such as virtual addiction, social isolation, behavioral disorders, increased anxiety and stress were also included in this study.

Kaynakça

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  • 45. Liu, P., Fels, S., West, N., Görges, M. (2019). Human computer interaction design for mobile devices based on a smart healthcare architecture. arXiv preprint arXiv:1902.03541.
  • 46. Liu, Z., Ren, L., Xiao, C., Zhang, K., Demian, P. (2022). Virtual reality aided therapy towards health 4.0: A two-decade bibliometric analysis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19(3), 1525. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031525.
  • 47. Logeswaran, A., Munsch, C., Yu Jeat Chong, C., Neil RalphD, N., McCrossnan, J. (2021). Education and training the role of extended reality technology in healthcare education: Towards a learner-centred approach. Future Healthcare Journal. 8(1), e79–8. https://doi.org/10.7861/fhj.2020-0112.
  • 48. Ma, M., Zheng, H. (2011). Virtual reality and serious games in healthcare. In Sheryl Brahnam, Lakhmi C. Jain (Eds.), Advanced computational intelligence paradigms in healthcare 6 (pp. 169–189). Springer, Berlin.
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  • 50. McGhin, T., Choo, K.K.R., Liu, C.Z., He, D. (2019). Blockchain in healthcare applications: Research challenges and opportunities. Journal of Network and Computer Applications. 135, 62-75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnca.2019.02.027.
  • 51. Mohammed, Z. (2019). Artificial intelligence definition, ethics and standards. Electronics and Communications: Law, Standards and Practice. 1-10.
  • 52. Nalbant, K.G., Uyanık, Ş. (2021). Computer vision in the metaverse. Journal of Metaverse. 1(1), 9–12.
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  • 54. Ning, Z., Dong, P., Wang, X., Hu, X., Guo, L., Hu, B.,Guo, Y., Qiu,T., & Kwok, R. Y. (2021). Mobile edge computing enabled 5G health monitoring for Internet of medical things: A decentralized game theoretic approach. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 39(2), 463-478.
  • 55. Oran, N.T., & Şenuzun, F. (2008). Toplumda kırılması gereken bir zincir: HIV/AIDS stigması ve baş etme stratejileri. Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1), 1-16.
  • 56. Oremus, W. (2021). In 2021, tech talked up ‘the metaverse.’ One problem: It doesn’t exist. The Washington Post.https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/12/30/metaverse-definition-facebook-horizon-worlds/, Erişim Tarihi: 21.01.2022.
  • 57. Oxford Medical Simulation (2021). What is XR, and How is it transforming healthcare?. https://oxfordmedicalsimulation.com/healthcare-simulation/what-is-xr-and-how-is-it-transforming-healthcare/, Erişim tarihi: 12.02.2021.
  • 58. Özdenizci Köse, B. (2021). Sağlıkta blok zincir. In Nilgün Bozbuğa, Sevinç Gülseçen (Eds.), Tıp ilişimi (pp. 368–397). İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınevi. https://doi.org/10.26650/B/ET07.2021.003.19.
  • 59. Park, S.M., Kim, Y.G. (2022). A metaverse: Taxonomy, components, applications, and open challenges. IEEE Access. 10, 4209–4251. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3140175.
  • 60. Patel, H., Locker, M. (2022). The metaverse explained. Deloitte. User Friendly: Season 6. https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/us/Documents/mergers-acqisitions/user-friendly-the-metaverse-explained.pdf, Erişim Tarihi:19.02.2022.
  • 61. Patel, K., Patel, S. (2016). Internet of things-IOT: Definition, characteristics, architecture, enabling technologies, application & future challenges. International Journal of Engineering Science and Computing. 6(5), 6122-6131.
  • 62. Rayan, R., Christos, T., Zafar, I. (2021). IoT-integrated robotics in health sector. In Utku Kose, Jude Hemanth, Omer Deperlioglu (Eds.), Biomedical and robotics healthcare. Oxon: CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. https://10.1201/9781003112273-1.
  • 63. Rebbani, Z., Azougagh, D., Bahatti, L., Bouattane, O. (2021). Definitions and applications of augmented/virtual reality: A survey. International Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering Research. 9(3), 279-285. https://doi.org/10.30534/ijeter/2021/21932021.
  • 64. Rudra, B. (2020). Medical sensor networks impact in smart cities. In Fadi Al-Turjman (Eds.), Wireless Medical Sensor Networks for IoT-based eHealth. IET Book Series on e-Health Technologies. The Institution of Engineering and Technology, London.
  • 65. Sheikh, A.H., Barry, D.S., Gutierrez, H., Cryan, J.F., O'Keeffe, G.W. (2016). Cadaveric anatomy in the future of medical education: What is the surgeons view?. Anatomical Sciences Education. 9(2), 203–208. https://doi.org/10.1002/ase.1560.
  • 66. Sheridan, E., Ng, M., Czura, L., Steiger, A., Vegliante, A., Campagna, A. (2021). Americas technology framing the future of web 3.0 - metaverse edition. https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/pages/gs-research/framing-the-future-of-web-3.0-metaverse-edition/report.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 10.01.2022.
  • 67. Slater, M., Gonzalez-Liencres, C., Haggard, P., Vinkers, C., Gregory-Clarke, R., Jelley, S., et al. (2020). The ethics of realism in virtual and augmented reality. Frontiers in Virtual Reality. 1(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2020.00001.
  • 68. Stephenson, N. (1992). Snow Crash. Bantam Books, New York.
  • 69. Thomason, J. (2021a). MetaHealth - how will the metaverse change health care?. Journal of Metaverse. 1(1), 13–16.
  • 70. Thomason, J. (2021b). Big tech, big data and the new world of digital health. Global Health Journal. 5(4), 165–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.glohj.2021.11.003.
  • 71. Thomason, J. (2021c). Ethics in the metaverse maximizing benefit and minimizing harm. Corporate Investment Times.12, 67–70.
  • 72. Trost, Z., France, C., Anam, M., Shum, C. (2021). Virtual reality approaches to pain: toward a state of the science. Pain. 162(2), 325-331. https://doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002060.
  • 73. Resmi Gazete. (2022). Uzaktan Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Sunumu Hakkında Yönetmelik (Sayı: 31746), https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2022/02/20220210-2.htm, Erişim Tarihi: 12.02.2022.
  • 74. Veyond Metaverse. (tarih yok). Experience veyond XR technology, transformational breakthrough solutions. https://www.veyondmetaverse.com/xr-products, Erişim Tarihi: 20.01.2022.
  • 75. Wang, C., Vo, H.T., Ni, P. (2015, December). An IoT application for fault diagnosis and prediction. 2015 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Data Intensive Systems. (pp. 726-731). IEEE; Sydney, NSW, Australia. https://doi.org/10.1109/DSDIS.2015.97.
  • 76. Wendehorst C., Duller, Y. (2021) Biometric recognition and behavioural detection. Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs EN Directorate-General for Internal Policies.https://www.europarl.europa.eu/RegData/etudes/BRIE/2021/697131/IPOL_BRI(2021)697131_EN.pdf, Erişim Tarihi: 12.02.2022.
  • 77. Yagol, P. Ramos, F.. Trilles, S. Torres-Sospedra, J., Perales, F.J. (2018). New trends in using augmented reality apps for smart city contexts. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. 7(12), 478; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi7120478.
  • 78. Yang, Q., Zhao, Y., Huang, H., Zheng, Z. (2022). Fusing blockchain and AI with metaverse: A survey. arXiv preprint. arXiv:2201.03201.
  • 79. Yılmaz, A., Ölçer, İ. (2021). Yapay zekanın cerrahi uygulamalara entegrasyonu. Beykent Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi. 13(2), 21-27. https://doi.org/10.20854/bujse.873770.
  • 80. Yun, G., Zhaoyi, P., Qingqing C. (2019). China performs first 5G-based remote surgery on human brain. https://news.cgtn.com/news/3d3d774d7945444e33457a6333566d54/index.html, Erişim Tarihi: 20.01.2022.
  • 81. Zaim Gökbay, İ. (2021). Tıpta yapay zeka uygulamaları - antik çağdan yapay zekaya teşhis ve tedavi yöntemlerinin gelişim sürecinde klinik karar destek sistemlerinin evrimine genel bakış. In Nilgün Bozbuğa, Sevinç Gülseçen (Eds.), Tıp bilişimi (pp. 673–691). İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınevi. https://doi.org/10.26650/B/ET07.2021.003.
  • 82. Zhou, X.Y., Guo, Y., Shen, M., Yang, G.Z. (2020). Application of artificial intelligence in surgery. Frontiers of medicine. 14(4), 417-430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-020-0770-0.
Toplam 81 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Sağlık Politikası
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Faruk Yılmaz 0000-0001-7398-8302

Anı Hande Mete 0000-0002-4077-2895

Buse Fidan Türkön 0000-0002-6978-6377

Özgür İnce 0000-0002-6875-9115

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yılmaz, F., Mete, A. H., Fidan Türkön, B., İnce, Ö. (2022). Sağlık Hizmetlerinin Geleceğinde Metaverse Ekosistemi ve Teknolojileri: Uygulamalar, Fırsatlar ve Zorluklar. Eurasian Journal of Health Technology Assessment, 6(1), 12-34. https://doi.org/10.52148/ehta.1082705

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