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Salutojenik Model ve Yaşlı Sağlığında Kullanımı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 308 - 317, 15.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.814994

Öz

Nüfusun yaşlanması dünya çapında bir eğilimdir. İnsanlar artık daha uzun yaşadıkça, sakatlığın önlenmesi, fiziksel fonksiyonların sürdürülmesi, kronik hastalıklardan kaynaklanan komplikasyonların önlenmesi ve yaşanacak yıllar yerine yıllara yaşam katmak daha önemli hale gelmiştir. Tüm bunları sağlamak için yaşlı nüfusun sağlığının geliştirilmesine yönelik yaklaşımlar değer kazanmıştır. Bu kapsamda sağlığının geliştirilmesine yönelik geliştirilen birçok model yaşlı bireylerde de kullanılmıştır. Özellikle son otuz yılda sağlığın geliştirilmesi kavramı farklı boyutları ile ele alınmıştır. Bu süreçte, strese ve zorluklara rağmen neden bazı insanlar sağlıklı kalırken, diğerlerinin kalamadığı gibi kritik bir soruya yönelik açıklamalar üretilmiş ve salutojenik model formüle edilmiştir. Model, hastalığa neden olan faktörlerden ziyade sağlığın nedenlerine odaklanan tıbbi bir yaklaşımdır. Spesifik olarak model, sağlık, stres ve başa çıkma arasındaki ilişki ile ilgilenmektedir. Sağlık hizmetlerinde, model sağlığın geliştirilmesi müdahalelerine rehberlik etmek ya da sağlık hizmeti araştırmalarını yönlendirmek amacıyla kullanılabilmektedir. Bunun için, salutogenez paradigması belirli kavramlar, varsayımlar ve araçlar sunmaktadır. Salutojenik modelin spesifik kavramlarının, daha sonra sağlık bakımı alanına uygulanmak üzere daha ayrıntılı olarak belirtilmesine ihtiyaç vardır. Model, teorik olarak yaşlı bireylerde sağlığı sürdürmek ve geliştirmek adına değerli katkılar sağlamasına rağmen, bilimsel çevrede yeterince tanınmamaktadır. Bu gerçeklerden yola çıkarak derlemede, salutojenik modelin temel kavramlarını açıklamak ve modelin yaşlı sağlığının geliştirilmesinde kullanımına ilişkin bilgiler sunmak amaçlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Minkler M, Schauffler H and Clements-Nolle K. Health promotion for older Americans in the 21st century. American Journal of Health Promotion 2000; 14(16): 371-379.
  • 2. Lindström B, Eriksson M. Contextualizing salutogenesis and Antonovsky in public health development. Health Promotion International 2006; 21(3):238-244.
  • 3. Eriksson M, Lindström B A. Salutogenic interpretation of the Ottawa Charter. Health Promotion International 2008; 23(2):190–199.
  • 4. Antonovsky A. The salutogenic model as a theory to guide health promotion. Health Promotion International 1996; 11(1):11–18.
  • 5. Bag B. Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliğinde salutogenez modeli, Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar-Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2017; 9(3):284-300.
  • 6. Pelikan JM. The application of salutogenesis in healthcare settings. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B, Espnes GA. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:261-261.
  • 7. Billings J and Hashem F. Literature review salutogenesis and the promotion of positive mental health in older people. Mental Health and Well-being in Older People Making It Happen, EU Thematic Conferance; 19-20 April 2010; Madrid.
  • 8. Wiesmann U, Hannich HJ. A salutogenic view on subjective well-being in active elderly persons. Aging Mental Health 2008; 12:56–65.
  • 9. Tan KK, Chan S WC, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K. Self-care program for older community-dwellers: Protocol for a randomızed controlled trial. Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 2014;5(4): 145–155.
  • 10. Drageset J, Nygaard HA, Eide GE, Bondevik M, Nortvedt MW, Natvig GK. Sense of coherence as a resource in relation to health-related quality of life among mentally intact nursing home residents – a questionnaire study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2008; 6:85.
  • 11. Quehenberger V, Krajic K. Applications of salutogenesis to aged and highly-aged persons: Residential care and community settings. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B, et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:325-335.
  • 12. Eren D. Uysal Toraman A. Sağlıklı olmayı desteklemeye yönelik eğitim programının yaşlıların yaşam kalitesi, bütünlük duygusu ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları üzerine etkisi. 5.Ulusal 1.Uluslararası Hemşirelikte Güncel Yaklaşımlar Kongresi; 15-17 Kasım 2018; Sakarya.
  • 13. Sağlam Y, Yıldırım Şişman N. Adölesanlarda salutogenez sağlık göstergesi ölçeğinin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. 2.Uluslararası, 3.Ulusal Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Kongresi; 7-9 Ocak 2021; Ankara
  • 14. Vinje HF, Langeland E and Bull T. Aaron Antonovsky’s development of salutogenesis, 1979 to 1994, İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:25-40.
  • 15. Mittelmark MB, Bauer GF. The meanings of salutogenesis. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017: 7-13.
  • 16. Eriksson M. The sense of coherence in the salutogenic model of health. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:91-96.
  • 17. Antonovsky A. Complexity, conflict, chaos, coherence, coercion and civility. Social Science Medicine 1993; 37(8): 969-74
  • 18. Tan KK, Vehiläinen-Julkunen K, Chan SW. Integrative review: salutogenesis and health in older people over 65 years old. J Adv Nurs.2014;70:497-510.
  • 19. Lindström B, Eriksson M. Salutogenesis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2005; 59(6): 440-442.
  • 20. Lindström B, Eriksson M. The hitchhiker’s guide to salutogenesis. Salutogenic pathways to health promotion. Helsinki: Folkha¨lsan and IUHPE Global Working Group on Salutogenesis. 2010
  • 21. Langeland E, Astrid KW, Kristoffersen K, Hanestad BR. Promoting Coping: Salutogenesis among people with mental health problems. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2007; 28:275–295.
  • 22. Idan O, Eriksson M, and Al-Yagon M. The Salutogenic model: The role of generalized resistance resources. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. (Eds.),The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017: 57-68.
  • 23. Lindmark U, Stenstrom U, Gerdin EW, Hugoson A. The distribution of sense of coherence among Swedish adults: a quantitative crosssectional population study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 2010; 38: 1-8.
  • 24. Jueng RN, Tsai DC, Chen IJ. Sense of Coherence among older adult residents of long-term care Facilities in Taiwan: A cross sectional analysis. PLoS ONE 2016; 11(1): e0146912.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146912.
  • 25. Naaldenberg J, Tobi H, van den Esker F, Vaandrager L. Psychometric properties of the OLQ-13 scale to measure Sense of Coherence in a community dwelling older population. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2011; 9: 37.
  • 26. Söderhamn O, Söderhamn U. Sense of coherence and health among home-dwelling older people. Br J Community Nurs. 2010; 15: 376–380.
  • 27. Helvik AS, Engedal K, Selbæk G. Sense of coherence and quality of life in older in-hospital patients without cognitive impairment—a 12 month follow-up study. BMC Psychiatry. 2014; 14: 82.
  • 28. Thygesen E, Sævareid HI, Lindstrøm TC, Engedal K, Nygaard HA. Predicting needs for nursing home admission–does sense of coherence delay nursing home admission in care dependent older people? A longitudinal study. Int J Older People Nurs. 2009; 4: 12–21.
  • 29. Drageset J, Espehaug B, Hallberg IR, Natvig GK. Sense of coherence among cognitively intact nursing home residents–a five- year longitudinal study. Aging Ment Health. 2014; 18: 889–896.
  • 30. Ward M, Schulz M, Bruland D, Lohr M. A systematic review of antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and ıts use in studies among nurses: Implications for psychiatric and mental health nursing. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 2014; 5(2):61-71.

Salutogenic Model and Use in Elderly Health

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 308 - 317, 15.07.2021
https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.814994

Öz

The aging of the population is a worldwide trend. As people are now living longer, the importance of preventing disability, maintaining physical functioning and preventing complications from chronic diseases and adding life to years rather than years to live has become increasingly important. In order to achieve all these, approaches to improve the health of the elderly population have gained value. In this context, many models developed to promote health have also been used in elderly individuals. Especially in the last thirty years, the concept of health promotion has been discussed with different dimensions. In this process, explanations for a critical question such as why some people remained healthy despite the stress and difficulties, others could not, were produced and the salutogenic model was formulated. The model is a medical approach that focuses on the causes of health instead of on the causes of diseases. Specifically, the model deals with the relationship between health, stress, and coping. In health care, the salutogenic model can be used to guide health promotion interventions in healthcare practice, or to orient health care research. For this, the salutogenic model offers specific concepts, assumptions, and instruments. The spesific concepts of salutogenic model have to be specified in more detail, to be applied later to the field of health care. Although the model theoretically makes valuable contributions to maintaining and promoting health in older individuals, it is not well known in the scientific community. Based on these facts, the review aimed to explain the basic concepts of the salutogenic model and to provide information on the use of the model in the promotion of elderly health.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Minkler M, Schauffler H and Clements-Nolle K. Health promotion for older Americans in the 21st century. American Journal of Health Promotion 2000; 14(16): 371-379.
  • 2. Lindström B, Eriksson M. Contextualizing salutogenesis and Antonovsky in public health development. Health Promotion International 2006; 21(3):238-244.
  • 3. Eriksson M, Lindström B A. Salutogenic interpretation of the Ottawa Charter. Health Promotion International 2008; 23(2):190–199.
  • 4. Antonovsky A. The salutogenic model as a theory to guide health promotion. Health Promotion International 1996; 11(1):11–18.
  • 5. Bag B. Ruh sağlığı ve psikiyatri hemşireliğinde salutogenez modeli, Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar-Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2017; 9(3):284-300.
  • 6. Pelikan JM. The application of salutogenesis in healthcare settings. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B, Espnes GA. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:261-261.
  • 7. Billings J and Hashem F. Literature review salutogenesis and the promotion of positive mental health in older people. Mental Health and Well-being in Older People Making It Happen, EU Thematic Conferance; 19-20 April 2010; Madrid.
  • 8. Wiesmann U, Hannich HJ. A salutogenic view on subjective well-being in active elderly persons. Aging Mental Health 2008; 12:56–65.
  • 9. Tan KK, Chan S WC, Vehviläinen-Julkunen K. Self-care program for older community-dwellers: Protocol for a randomızed controlled trial. Central European Journal of Nursing and Midwifery 2014;5(4): 145–155.
  • 10. Drageset J, Nygaard HA, Eide GE, Bondevik M, Nortvedt MW, Natvig GK. Sense of coherence as a resource in relation to health-related quality of life among mentally intact nursing home residents – a questionnaire study. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2008; 6:85.
  • 11. Quehenberger V, Krajic K. Applications of salutogenesis to aged and highly-aged persons: Residential care and community settings. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B, et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:325-335.
  • 12. Eren D. Uysal Toraman A. Sağlıklı olmayı desteklemeye yönelik eğitim programının yaşlıların yaşam kalitesi, bütünlük duygusu ve psikolojik sağlamlıkları üzerine etkisi. 5.Ulusal 1.Uluslararası Hemşirelikte Güncel Yaklaşımlar Kongresi; 15-17 Kasım 2018; Sakarya.
  • 13. Sağlam Y, Yıldırım Şişman N. Adölesanlarda salutogenez sağlık göstergesi ölçeğinin Türkçe geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması. 2.Uluslararası, 3.Ulusal Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Kongresi; 7-9 Ocak 2021; Ankara
  • 14. Vinje HF, Langeland E and Bull T. Aaron Antonovsky’s development of salutogenesis, 1979 to 1994, İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:25-40.
  • 15. Mittelmark MB, Bauer GF. The meanings of salutogenesis. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017: 7-13.
  • 16. Eriksson M. The sense of coherence in the salutogenic model of health. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017:91-96.
  • 17. Antonovsky A. Complexity, conflict, chaos, coherence, coercion and civility. Social Science Medicine 1993; 37(8): 969-74
  • 18. Tan KK, Vehiläinen-Julkunen K, Chan SW. Integrative review: salutogenesis and health in older people over 65 years old. J Adv Nurs.2014;70:497-510.
  • 19. Lindström B, Eriksson M. Salutogenesis. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health 2005; 59(6): 440-442.
  • 20. Lindström B, Eriksson M. The hitchhiker’s guide to salutogenesis. Salutogenic pathways to health promotion. Helsinki: Folkha¨lsan and IUHPE Global Working Group on Salutogenesis. 2010
  • 21. Langeland E, Astrid KW, Kristoffersen K, Hanestad BR. Promoting Coping: Salutogenesis among people with mental health problems. Issues in Mental Health Nursing 2007; 28:275–295.
  • 22. Idan O, Eriksson M, and Al-Yagon M. The Salutogenic model: The role of generalized resistance resources. İçinde Mittelmark MB, Sagy S, Eriksson M, Bauer GF, Pelikan JM, Lindstrom B et al. (Eds.),The Handbook of Salutogenesis. Cham (CH): Springer International Publishing; 2017: 57-68.
  • 23. Lindmark U, Stenstrom U, Gerdin EW, Hugoson A. The distribution of sense of coherence among Swedish adults: a quantitative crosssectional population study. Scandinavian Journal of Public Health 2010; 38: 1-8.
  • 24. Jueng RN, Tsai DC, Chen IJ. Sense of Coherence among older adult residents of long-term care Facilities in Taiwan: A cross sectional analysis. PLoS ONE 2016; 11(1): e0146912.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146912.
  • 25. Naaldenberg J, Tobi H, van den Esker F, Vaandrager L. Psychometric properties of the OLQ-13 scale to measure Sense of Coherence in a community dwelling older population. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2011; 9: 37.
  • 26. Söderhamn O, Söderhamn U. Sense of coherence and health among home-dwelling older people. Br J Community Nurs. 2010; 15: 376–380.
  • 27. Helvik AS, Engedal K, Selbæk G. Sense of coherence and quality of life in older in-hospital patients without cognitive impairment—a 12 month follow-up study. BMC Psychiatry. 2014; 14: 82.
  • 28. Thygesen E, Sævareid HI, Lindstrøm TC, Engedal K, Nygaard HA. Predicting needs for nursing home admission–does sense of coherence delay nursing home admission in care dependent older people? A longitudinal study. Int J Older People Nurs. 2009; 4: 12–21.
  • 29. Drageset J, Espehaug B, Hallberg IR, Natvig GK. Sense of coherence among cognitively intact nursing home residents–a five- year longitudinal study. Aging Ment Health. 2014; 18: 889–896.
  • 30. Ward M, Schulz M, Bruland D, Lohr M. A systematic review of antonovsky’s sense of coherence scale and ıts use in studies among nurses: Implications for psychiatric and mental health nursing. Journal of Psychiatric Nursing, 2014; 5(2):61-71.
Toplam 30 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hemşirelik
Bölüm Derleme
Yazarlar

Aynur Uysal Toraman 0000-0001-8176-4042

Deniz Eren 0000-0003-2572-8551

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Uysal Toraman, A., & Eren, D. (2021). Salutojenik Model ve Yaşlı Sağlığında Kullanımı. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi, 14(3), 308-317. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.814994

Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Elektronik Dergisi ULAKBİM Türk Tıp Dizini, Türk Medline, Türkiye Atıf Dizini, Şubat 2021 tarihinden beri EBSCO Host ve 26 Ekim 2021 tarihinden itibaren DOAJ ve 18 Ocak 2022 tarihinden beri Index Copernicus tarafından indekslenmektedir.

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