Saponin rich Gypsophila eriocalyx Boiss methanolic extract (GEME) exhibit anticancerogenic effect against neuroblastoma cancer cell line (SH-SY5Y)
Öz
Purpose: Herein, we sought to determine whether of saponin rich Gypsophila eriocalyx methanol extract (GEME) would exhibit any anti-carcinogenic activity on neuroblastoma cancer cell line (SH-SY5Y).
Materials and Methods: We therefore determined GEME’s saponin composition using LC-MS analysis, its impact on cell viability using MTT analysis, flow cytometry, and to find out its impact on apoptosis using qRT-PCR analysis.
Results: In the LC-MS analysis we determined that GEME contained high amounts of saponin (0.05-0.48 µg/g). We determined that GEME had an IC50 dose of 100 μg/mL at 48 hours. GEME had the effect of substantially increasing the percentage of apoptotic cells (5.19% and 65.21%) and disruption of mitochondria (46.18%). We also demonstrated that BCL2 gene expression (2.76 fold) was significantly reduced than that of the control while BAX (2.21 fold), CASP3 (2.43 fold), CASP7 (2.98 fold), CASP8 (2.23 fold), CASP9 (2.78 fold), and CYCS (2.12 fold) genes were expressed significantly higher than those of the control.
Conclusion: Considering the findings, it becomes clear that saponin-rich GEME stands out as a significant anticarcinogenic agent. Its remarkable efficacy is demonstrated through its capabilities to notably reduce cell viability, effectively trigger apoptosis, and significantly increase the rate of mitochondrial disruption in cancer cells.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Anticancerogenic effect Gypsophila eriocalyx Boiss methanolic extract neuroblastoma cancer cell line (SH-SY5Y)
Kaynakça
- Wienke J, Dierselhuis MP, Tytgat GA, Künkele A, Nierkens S, Molenaar JJ. The immune landscape of neuroblastoma: Challenges and opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies in pediatric oncology. Eur J Cancer. 2021;144:123-50.
- Ponzoni M, Bachetti T, Corrias MV, Brignole C. Pastorino F, Calarco E et al. Recent advances in the developmental origin of neuroblastoma: An overview. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022;41:1-28.
- Delahunty I, Nishiguchi G, Zhang Y, Fish A, Mayasundari A, Qi J et al. Investigating molecular glues as a new therapeutic approach to high-risk neuroblastoma. Cancer Res. 2023;83:481-81.
- Cirmi S, Ferlazzo N, Gugliandolo A, Musumeci L, Mazzon E, Bramanti A et al. Moringin from Moringa oleifera seeds inhibits growth, arrests cell-cycle, and induces apoptosis of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells through the modulation of NF-κB and apoptotic related factors. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20:1930.
- Servi H, Keskin BE, Çelik S, Budak Ü, Kırmızıtaş FC, Bektaş EB. Essential oil composition and fatty acid profile of two endemic Gypsophila species from Turkey. Am J Essent Oil Nat Prod. 2017;5:16-20.
- Altay A, Tohma H, Durmaz L, Taslimi P, Korkmaz M, Gulcin I et al. Preliminary phytochemical analysis and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, antiproliferative, antidiabetic, and anticholinergics effects of endemic Gypsophila taxa from Turkey. J Food Biochem. 2019;43:e12908.
- Zhang W, Luo JG, Zhang C, Kong LY. Different apoptotic effects of triterpenoid saponin-rich Gypsophila oldhamiana root extract on human hepatoma SMMC-7721 and normal human hepatic L02 cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2013;36:1080-87.
- Arslan I, Celik A, Melzig MF. Nebulosides A–B, novel triterpene saponins from under-ground parts of Gypsophila arrostii Guss. var. nebulosa. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013;21:1279-83.
- Korkmaz M, Özçelik H. Economic importance of Gypsophila L., Ankyropetalum fenzl and Saponaria L.(Caryophyllaceae) taxa of Turkey. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10:9533-41.
- Yücekutlu AN, Bildacı I. Determination of plant saponins and some of Gypsophila species: A review of the literature. Hacettepe J Biol Chem. 2008;36:129-35.
- Li Y, Sun Y, Fan L, Zhang F, Meng J, Han J et al. Paris saponin VII inhibits growth of colorectal cancer cells through Ras signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;88:150-7.
- Chen PS, Shih YW, Huang HC, Cheng HW. Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, inhibits migration and invasion of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells by reducing matrix metalloproteinases expression. PloS One 2011;6:e20164.
- Lin X, Wei J, Chen Y, He P, Lin J, Tan S et al. Isoorientin from Gypsophila elegans induces apoptosis in liver cancer cells via mitochondrial-mediated pathway. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;187:187-94.
- Rad AS, Esmaeili S, Motamed SM, Hamzeloo-Moghadam M. Cytotoxicity of two Gypsophila species to human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). Int J Acta. 2018;1:82-82.
- Tian G, Zhou L, Zhong Y, Xu W, Bai H, Liu L et al. Experimental studies of the therapeutic effect of Gypsophila oldhamiana gypsogenin on Lewis lung cancer in mice. Chin Clin Oncol. 2008;5:206-10.
- Liu Y, Li X, Jiang S, Ge Q. Inhibitory effect of Gypsophila oldhamiana gypsogenin on NCI-N87 gastric cancer cell line. Eur J Inflamm. 2018;16:2058739218818958.
Saponinden zengin Gypsophila eriocalyx Boiss metanolik ekstraktı (GEME) nöroblastom kanser hücre hattı (SH-SY5Y) üzerinde antikanserojenik etki göstermektedir
Öz
Amaç: Bu çalışmada saponinden zengini Gypsophila eriocalyx metanol ekstraktı (GEME)’nın nöroblastom kanserr hücre hattı (SH-SY5Y) üzerinde herhangi bir anti-karsinojenik aktivite gösterip göstermediğini belirlemeyi amaçladık.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu nedenle GEME’nin saponin kompozisyonunu LC-MS analizi kullanarak, hücre canlılığı üzerindeki etkisini MTT analizi, apoptozis üzerindeki etkisini akış sitometrisi ve qRT-PCR analizi ile belirledik.
Bulgular: LC-MS analizinde, GEME’nin yüksek miktarda saponin (0,05-0,48 µg/g) içerdiğini belirledik. GEME’nin 48 saatte 100 μg/mL IC50 dozuna sahip olduğunu belirledik. GEME’nin apoptotik hücrelerin yüzdesini (%5,19 ve %65,21) önemli ölçüde arttırma ve mitokondrilerin bozulmasına (%46,18) etkisi oldu. Ayrıca, BCL2 (2,76 kat) gen ekspresyonunun kontrol grubundan önemli ölçüde düşük olduğunu; BAX (2,21 kat), CASP3 (2,43 kat), CASP7 (2,98 kat), CASP8 (2,23 kat), CASP9 (2,78 kat) ve CYCS (2,12 kat) genlerinin ise kontrol grubundan anlamlı derecede yüksek olduğunu gösterdik.
Sonuç: Bulgulara bakıldığında saponin açısından zengin GEME’nin önemli bir antikarsinojenik ajan olarak öne çıktığı ortaya çıkmaktadır. Dikkate değer etkinliği, hücre canlılığını önemli ölçüde azaltma, apoptozu etkili bir şekilde tetikleme ve kanser hücrelerinde mitokondriyal bozulma oranını önemli ölçüde artırma yetenekleriyle kanıtlanmıştır.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Antikarsinojenik etki Gypsophila eriocalyx Boiss metanol ekstraktı nöroblastom kanser hücre hattı (SH-SY5Y)
Kaynakça
- Wienke J, Dierselhuis MP, Tytgat GA, Künkele A, Nierkens S, Molenaar JJ. The immune landscape of neuroblastoma: Challenges and opportunities for novel therapeutic strategies in pediatric oncology. Eur J Cancer. 2021;144:123-50.
- Ponzoni M, Bachetti T, Corrias MV, Brignole C. Pastorino F, Calarco E et al. Recent advances in the developmental origin of neuroblastoma: An overview. J Exp Clin Cancer Res. 2022;41:1-28.
- Delahunty I, Nishiguchi G, Zhang Y, Fish A, Mayasundari A, Qi J et al. Investigating molecular glues as a new therapeutic approach to high-risk neuroblastoma. Cancer Res. 2023;83:481-81.
- Cirmi S, Ferlazzo N, Gugliandolo A, Musumeci L, Mazzon E, Bramanti A et al. Moringin from Moringa oleifera seeds inhibits growth, arrests cell-cycle, and induces apoptosis of SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells through the modulation of NF-κB and apoptotic related factors. Int J Mol Sci. 2019;20:1930.
- Servi H, Keskin BE, Çelik S, Budak Ü, Kırmızıtaş FC, Bektaş EB. Essential oil composition and fatty acid profile of two endemic Gypsophila species from Turkey. Am J Essent Oil Nat Prod. 2017;5:16-20.
- Altay A, Tohma H, Durmaz L, Taslimi P, Korkmaz M, Gulcin I et al. Preliminary phytochemical analysis and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant, antiproliferative, antidiabetic, and anticholinergics effects of endemic Gypsophila taxa from Turkey. J Food Biochem. 2019;43:e12908.
- Zhang W, Luo JG, Zhang C, Kong LY. Different apoptotic effects of triterpenoid saponin-rich Gypsophila oldhamiana root extract on human hepatoma SMMC-7721 and normal human hepatic L02 cells. Biol Pharm Bull. 2013;36:1080-87.
- Arslan I, Celik A, Melzig MF. Nebulosides A–B, novel triterpene saponins from under-ground parts of Gypsophila arrostii Guss. var. nebulosa. Bioorg Med Chem. 2013;21:1279-83.
- Korkmaz M, Özçelik H. Economic importance of Gypsophila L., Ankyropetalum fenzl and Saponaria L.(Caryophyllaceae) taxa of Turkey. Afr J Biotechnol. 2011;10:9533-41.
- Yücekutlu AN, Bildacı I. Determination of plant saponins and some of Gypsophila species: A review of the literature. Hacettepe J Biol Chem. 2008;36:129-35.
- Li Y, Sun Y, Fan L, Zhang F, Meng J, Han J et al. Paris saponin VII inhibits growth of colorectal cancer cells through Ras signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 2014;88:150-7.
- Chen PS, Shih YW, Huang HC, Cheng HW. Diosgenin, a steroidal saponin, inhibits migration and invasion of human prostate cancer PC-3 cells by reducing matrix metalloproteinases expression. PloS One 2011;6:e20164.
- Lin X, Wei J, Chen Y, He P, Lin J, Tan S et al. Isoorientin from Gypsophila elegans induces apoptosis in liver cancer cells via mitochondrial-mediated pathway. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;187:187-94.
- Rad AS, Esmaeili S, Motamed SM, Hamzeloo-Moghadam M. Cytotoxicity of two Gypsophila species to human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7). Int J Acta. 2018;1:82-82.
- Tian G, Zhou L, Zhong Y, Xu W, Bai H, Liu L et al. Experimental studies of the therapeutic effect of Gypsophila oldhamiana gypsogenin on Lewis lung cancer in mice. Chin Clin Oncol. 2008;5:206-10.
- Liu Y, Li X, Jiang S, Ge Q. Inhibitory effect of Gypsophila oldhamiana gypsogenin on NCI-N87 gastric cancer cell line. Eur J Inflamm. 2018;16:2058739218818958.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Kanser Tedavisi (Kemoterapi ve Radyoterapi hariç), Moleküler Hedefler |
| Bölüm | Araştırma |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 29 Mart 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 4 Kasım 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 31 Aralık 2023 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 49 Sayı: 1 |
