Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect

Büşra Atabilen; Gamze Akbulut; Tevfik Koçak; Nilüfer Acar Tek

doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236

Araştırma Makalesi

Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 323 - 329, 15.06.2023

Büşra Atabilen Gamze Akbulut Tevfik Koçak Nilüfer Acar Tek

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236

Öz

Objective: The COVID-19 disease, which is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 infectious agent, is the last member of infectious diseases. Factors such as uncertainties about the prognosis of the disease, insufficient control measures, lack of effective therapeutic mechanisms can cause negative effects on individuals’ daily living activities and mental health. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the mood changes and Mediterranean diet adherence of individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods: The study was carried out between November 2020 and January 2021 with individuals over 18 years of age. The data required for the research were collected with an online questionnaire. The COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S) and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) were used to assess the emotional state of individuals. The Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) was used to examine the adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Results: A total of 6609 individuals between the ages of 18-70 participated in the study and 70% of the participants are female. The median score obtained from the C19P-S in female individuals was found to be significantly higher than in male subjects (p<0.001). A positive relationship was shown between the Mediterranean diet adherence and the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The COVID-19 related phobia and fear may have positively affected the adherence to the Mediterranean diet of individuals as a coping strategy with this pandemic period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Covid-19 pandemic, Emotional state, Mediterranean diet, Phobia, Anxiety

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

The compliance of our article with the academic writing rules was checked by Gazi University Academic Writing, Application and Research Center.

Kaynakça

Balkhair AA. COVID-19 pandemic: A new chapter in the history of infectious diseases. Oman Medical Journal 2020;35(2):e123. DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.41.
Ornell F, Schuch JB, Sordi AO, Kessler FHP. “Pandemic fear” and COVID-19: Mental health burden and strategies. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;42(3):232-235. DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0008.
Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental health and the Covid-19 pandemic. New England Journal of Medicine 2020;383(6):510-512. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp2008017.
Moukaddam N, Shah A. Psychiatrists beware! The impact of COVID-19 and pandemics on mental health. Psychiatric Times. Published [15 March 2020]. Accessed [26 May 2023]. https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/psychiatrists-beware-impact-coronavirus-pandemics-mental-health.
Li W, Yang Y, Liu Z-H, Zhao Y-J, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Cheung T, Xiang YT. Progression of mental health services during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. International Journal of Biological Sciences 2020;16(10):1732-1738. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.45120.
Adan RA, van der Beek EM, Buitelaar JK, Cryan JF, Hebebrand J, Higgs S, Schellekens H, Dickson SL. Nutritional psychiatry: Towards improving mental health by what you eat. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2019;29(12):1321-1332. DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.10.011.
Angelidi AM, Kokkinos A, Katechaki E, Ros E, Mantzoros CS. Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19. Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental 2021;114:154407. DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154407.
Ventriglio A, Sancassiani F, Contu MP, Latorre M, Di Slavatore M, Fornaro M, Bhugra D. Mediterranean diet and its benefits on health and mental health: A literature review. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health 2020;16(Suppl-1):156-164. DOI: 10.2174/1745017902016010156.
Morris L, Bhatnagar D. The Mediterranean diet. Current Opinion in Lipidology 2016;27(1):89-91. DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000266.
Martínez-González MA, García-Arellano A, Toledo E, Salas-Salvado J, Buil-Cosiales P, Corella D, Covas MI, Schröder H, Aros F, Gomez-Gracia E, Fiol M, Ruiz-Gutierrez V, Lapetra J, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Serra-Majem L, Pintp X, Munoz MA, Warnberg J, Ros E, Estruch R. A 14-item Mediterranean diet assessment tool and obesity indexes among high-risk subjects: the PREDIMED trial. PloS One 2012;7(8):e43134. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043134.
Özkan Pehlivanoğlu E, Balcıoğlu H, Ünlüoğlu İ. Turkish validation and reliability of Mediterranean diet adherence screener. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine 2020;42(2):160-4. DOI: 10.20515/otd.504188.
Arpaci I, Karataş K, Baloğlu M. The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Personality and Individual Differences 2020;164:110108. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110108.
Lee SA. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Studies 2020;44(7):393-401. DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481.
Evren C, Evren B, Dalbudak E, Topcu M, Kutlu N. Measuring anxiety related to COVID-19: A Turkish validation study of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Death Studies 2020:1-7. DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1774969.
IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
World Health Organization (WHO). Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic Report of a WHO Consultation (WHO Technical Report Series 894). 2000.
Guan W-j, Ni Z-y, Hu Y, Liang W-h, Ou C-q, He J-x, Liu L, Shan H, Lei C-l, Hui DSC, Du B, Li L-j, Zeng G, Yuen K-y, Chen R-c, Tang C-l, Wang T, Chen P-y, Xiang J, Li S-y, Wang J-l, Liang Z-j, Peng Y-x, Wei L, Liu Y, Hu Y-h, Peng P, Wang J-m, Liu J-y, Chen Z, Li G, Zheng Z-j, Qui S-q, Luo J, Ye C-J, Zhu S-y, Zhong N-s. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England Journal of Medicine 2020;382(18):1708-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.004.
Detopoulou P, Demopoulos CA, Antonopoulou S. Micronutrients, phytochemicals and mediterranean diet: A potential protective role against COVID-19 through modulation of PAF actions and metabolism. Nutrients 2021;13(2):462. DOI: 10.3390/nu13020462.
Greene MW, Roberts AP, Frugé AD. Negative association between Mediterranean diet adherence and COVID-19 cases and related deaths in Spain and 25 OECD countries: An ecological study. Frontiers in Nutrition 2021;8:74. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.591964.
Perez-Araluce R, Martinez-Gonzalez M, Fernández-Lázaro C, Bes-Rastrollo M, Gea A, Carlos S. Mediterranean diet and the risk of COVID-19 in the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’cohort. Clinical Nutrition 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.001.
Izzo L, Santonastaso A, Cotticelli G, Federico A, Pacifico S, Castaldo L, Colao A, Ritieni A. An Italian survey on dietary habits and changes during the COVID-19 lockdown. Nutrients 2021;13(4):1197. DOI: 10.3390/nu13041197.
Kolokotroni O, Mosquera MC, Quattrocchi A, Heraclides A, Demetriou C, Philippou E. Lifestyle habits of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Cyprus: Evidence from a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021;21(1):1-11. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10863-0.
Galali Y. The impact of COVID‐19 confinement on the eating habits and lifestyle changes: A cross sectional study. Food Science & Nutrition 2021;9(4):2105-13. DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2179.
Pfeifer D, Rešetar J, Kljusurić JG, Krbavčić IP, Bender DV, Rodríguez-Pérez C, Ruíz-López MD, Šatalić Z. Cooking at home and adherence to the Mediterranean diet during the COVID-19 confinement: The experience from the croatian COVIDiet study. Frontiers in Nutrition 2021;8. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.617721.
Kyprianidou M, Christophi CA, Giannakou K. Quarantine during COVID-19 outbreak: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the Cypriot population. Nutrition 2021:111313. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111313.
Kyprianidou M, Panagiotakos D, Faka A, Kambanaros M, Makris KC, Christophi CA. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Cyprus and its relationship to multi-morbidity: An epidemiological study. Public Health Nutrition 2020:1-10. DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020004267.
Lakhan R, Agrawal A, Sharma M. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 2020;11(4):519. DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716442.
Rajkumar RP. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;52:102066. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066.
Ahmed MZ, Ahmed O, Aibao Z, Hanbin S, Siyu L, Ahmad A. Epidemic of COVID-19 in China and associated psychological problems. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;51:102092. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102092.
Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, Ho RC. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020;17(5):1729. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051729.
Baloglu M, Karatas K, Arpaci I. Psychological and socio-economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Turkish population. Emerging Technologies During the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic 2021;348:245. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67716-9_15.
Haktanir A, Seki T, Dilmaç B. Adaptation and evaluation of Turkish version of the fear of COVID-19 scale. Death Studies 2020:1-9. DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1773026.
Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A. Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;51:102076. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076.
Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2020;89:531-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048.
Kaufman-Shriqui V, Navarro DA, Raz O, Boaz M. Dietary changes and anxiety during the coronavirus pandemic: A multinational survey. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2021:1-9. DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00897-3.
Sadeghi O, Keshteli AH, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern is inversely associated with depression, anxiety and psychological distress. Nutritional Neuroscience 2019:1-12. DOI: 10.1080/1028415X.2019.1620425.
Landaeta-Díaz L, González-Medina G, Agüero SD. Anxiety, anhedonia and food consumption during the COVID-19 quarantine in Chile. Appetite 2021;164:105259. DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105259.
Coulthard H, Sharps M, Cunliffe L, van den Tol A. Eating in the lockdown during the Covid 19 pandemic; self-reported changes in eating behaviour, and associations with BMI, eating style, coping and health anxiety. Appetite 2021;161:105082. DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105082.
Ayyıldız F, Ermumcu MŞK. COVID-19 phobia, mindful eating, eating habits and body weight change among university students during pandemic: A pilot study. Food and Health 2022;8(2):118-26. DOI: 10.3153/FH22012.
Flanagan EW, Beyl RA, Fearnbach SN, Altazan AD, Martin CK, Redman LM. The impact of COVID‐19 stay‐at‐home orders on health behaviors in adults. Obesity 2021;29(2):438-45. DOI: 10.1002/oby.23066.

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2, 323 - 329, 15.06.2023

Büşra Atabilen Gamze Akbulut Tevfik Koçak Nilüfer Acar Tek

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236

Öz

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

Balkhair AA. COVID-19 pandemic: A new chapter in the history of infectious diseases. Oman Medical Journal 2020;35(2):e123. DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.41.
Ornell F, Schuch JB, Sordi AO, Kessler FHP. “Pandemic fear” and COVID-19: Mental health burden and strategies. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;42(3):232-235. DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2020-0008.
Pfefferbaum B, North CS. Mental health and the Covid-19 pandemic. New England Journal of Medicine 2020;383(6):510-512. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp2008017.
Moukaddam N, Shah A. Psychiatrists beware! The impact of COVID-19 and pandemics on mental health. Psychiatric Times. Published [15 March 2020]. Accessed [26 May 2023]. https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/psychiatrists-beware-impact-coronavirus-pandemics-mental-health.
Li W, Yang Y, Liu Z-H, Zhao Y-J, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Cheung T, Xiang YT. Progression of mental health services during the COVID-19 outbreak in China. International Journal of Biological Sciences 2020;16(10):1732-1738. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.45120.
Adan RA, van der Beek EM, Buitelaar JK, Cryan JF, Hebebrand J, Higgs S, Schellekens H, Dickson SL. Nutritional psychiatry: Towards improving mental health by what you eat. European Neuropsychopharmacology 2019;29(12):1321-1332. DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2019.10.011.
Angelidi AM, Kokkinos A, Katechaki E, Ros E, Mantzoros CS. Mediterranean diet as a nutritional approach for COVID-19. Metabolism-Clinical and Experimental 2021;114:154407. DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154407.
Ventriglio A, Sancassiani F, Contu MP, Latorre M, Di Slavatore M, Fornaro M, Bhugra D. Mediterranean diet and its benefits on health and mental health: A literature review. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health 2020;16(Suppl-1):156-164. DOI: 10.2174/1745017902016010156.
Morris L, Bhatnagar D. The Mediterranean diet. Current Opinion in Lipidology 2016;27(1):89-91. DOI: 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000266.
Martínez-González MA, García-Arellano A, Toledo E, Salas-Salvado J, Buil-Cosiales P, Corella D, Covas MI, Schröder H, Aros F, Gomez-Gracia E, Fiol M, Ruiz-Gutierrez V, Lapetra J, Lamuela-Raventos RM, Serra-Majem L, Pintp X, Munoz MA, Warnberg J, Ros E, Estruch R. A 14-item Mediterranean diet assessment tool and obesity indexes among high-risk subjects: the PREDIMED trial. PloS One 2012;7(8):e43134. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043134.
Özkan Pehlivanoğlu E, Balcıoğlu H, Ünlüoğlu İ. Turkish validation and reliability of Mediterranean diet adherence screener. Osmangazi Journal of Medicine 2020;42(2):160-4. DOI: 10.20515/otd.504188.
Arpaci I, Karataş K, Baloğlu M. The development and initial tests for the psychometric properties of the COVID-19 Phobia Scale (C19P-S). Personality and Individual Differences 2020;164:110108. DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2020.110108.
Lee SA. Coronavirus Anxiety Scale: A brief mental health screener for COVID-19 related anxiety. Death Studies 2020;44(7):393-401. DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1748481.
Evren C, Evren B, Dalbudak E, Topcu M, Kutlu N. Measuring anxiety related to COVID-19: A Turkish validation study of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Death Studies 2020:1-7. DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1774969.
IBM Corp. Released 2013. IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp.
World Health Organization (WHO). Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic Report of a WHO Consultation (WHO Technical Report Series 894). 2000.
Guan W-j, Ni Z-y, Hu Y, Liang W-h, Ou C-q, He J-x, Liu L, Shan H, Lei C-l, Hui DSC, Du B, Li L-j, Zeng G, Yuen K-y, Chen R-c, Tang C-l, Wang T, Chen P-y, Xiang J, Li S-y, Wang J-l, Liang Z-j, Peng Y-x, Wei L, Liu Y, Hu Y-h, Peng P, Wang J-m, Liu J-y, Chen Z, Li G, Zheng Z-j, Qui S-q, Luo J, Ye C-J, Zhu S-y, Zhong N-s. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. New England Journal of Medicine 2020;382(18):1708-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.004.
Detopoulou P, Demopoulos CA, Antonopoulou S. Micronutrients, phytochemicals and mediterranean diet: A potential protective role against COVID-19 through modulation of PAF actions and metabolism. Nutrients 2021;13(2):462. DOI: 10.3390/nu13020462.
Greene MW, Roberts AP, Frugé AD. Negative association between Mediterranean diet adherence and COVID-19 cases and related deaths in Spain and 25 OECD countries: An ecological study. Frontiers in Nutrition 2021;8:74. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.591964.
Perez-Araluce R, Martinez-Gonzalez M, Fernández-Lázaro C, Bes-Rastrollo M, Gea A, Carlos S. Mediterranean diet and the risk of COVID-19 in the ‘Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra’cohort. Clinical Nutrition 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.001.
Izzo L, Santonastaso A, Cotticelli G, Federico A, Pacifico S, Castaldo L, Colao A, Ritieni A. An Italian survey on dietary habits and changes during the COVID-19 lockdown. Nutrients 2021;13(4):1197. DOI: 10.3390/nu13041197.
Kolokotroni O, Mosquera MC, Quattrocchi A, Heraclides A, Demetriou C, Philippou E. Lifestyle habits of adults during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown in Cyprus: Evidence from a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2021;21(1):1-11. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10863-0.
Galali Y. The impact of COVID‐19 confinement on the eating habits and lifestyle changes: A cross sectional study. Food Science & Nutrition 2021;9(4):2105-13. DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2179.
Pfeifer D, Rešetar J, Kljusurić JG, Krbavčić IP, Bender DV, Rodríguez-Pérez C, Ruíz-López MD, Šatalić Z. Cooking at home and adherence to the Mediterranean diet during the COVID-19 confinement: The experience from the croatian COVIDiet study. Frontiers in Nutrition 2021;8. DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.617721.
Kyprianidou M, Christophi CA, Giannakou K. Quarantine during COVID-19 outbreak: Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in the Cypriot population. Nutrition 2021:111313. DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111313.
Kyprianidou M, Panagiotakos D, Faka A, Kambanaros M, Makris KC, Christophi CA. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet in Cyprus and its relationship to multi-morbidity: An epidemiological study. Public Health Nutrition 2020:1-10. DOI: 10.1017/S1368980020004267.
Lakhan R, Agrawal A, Sharma M. Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress during COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 2020;11(4):519. DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716442.
Rajkumar RP. COVID-19 and mental health: A review of the existing literature. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;52:102066. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102066.
Ahmed MZ, Ahmed O, Aibao Z, Hanbin S, Siyu L, Ahmad A. Epidemic of COVID-19 in China and associated psychological problems. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;51:102092. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102092.
Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, Ho RC. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2020;17(5):1729. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051729.
Baloglu M, Karatas K, Arpaci I. Psychological and socio-economic effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on Turkish population. Emerging Technologies During the Era of COVID-19 Pandemic 2021;348:245. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-67716-9_15.
Haktanir A, Seki T, Dilmaç B. Adaptation and evaluation of Turkish version of the fear of COVID-19 scale. Death Studies 2020:1-9. DOI: 10.1080/07481187.2020.1773026.
Moghanibashi-Mansourieh A. Assessing the anxiety level of Iranian general population during COVID-19 outbreak. Asian Journal of Psychiatry 2020;51:102076. DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102076.
Vindegaard N, Benros ME. COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: Systematic review of the current evidence. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity 2020;89:531-42. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.048.
Kaufman-Shriqui V, Navarro DA, Raz O, Boaz M. Dietary changes and anxiety during the coronavirus pandemic: A multinational survey. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2021:1-9. DOI: 10.1038/s41430-021-00897-3.
Sadeghi O, Keshteli AH, Afshar H, Esmaillzadeh A, Adibi P. Adherence to Mediterranean dietary pattern is inversely associated with depression, anxiety and psychological distress. Nutritional Neuroscience 2019:1-12. DOI: 10.1080/1028415X.2019.1620425.
Landaeta-Díaz L, González-Medina G, Agüero SD. Anxiety, anhedonia and food consumption during the COVID-19 quarantine in Chile. Appetite 2021;164:105259. DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2021.105259.
Coulthard H, Sharps M, Cunliffe L, van den Tol A. Eating in the lockdown during the Covid 19 pandemic; self-reported changes in eating behaviour, and associations with BMI, eating style, coping and health anxiety. Appetite 2021;161:105082. DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2020.105082.
Ayyıldız F, Ermumcu MŞK. COVID-19 phobia, mindful eating, eating habits and body weight change among university students during pandemic: A pilot study. Food and Health 2022;8(2):118-26. DOI: 10.3153/FH22012.
Flanagan EW, Beyl RA, Fearnbach SN, Altazan AD, Martin CK, Redman LM. The impact of COVID‐19 stay‐at‐home orders on health behaviors in adults. Obesity 2021;29(2):438-45. DOI: 10.1002/oby.23066.

Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	İngilizce
Konular	Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm	Articles
Yazarlar	Büşra Atabilen 0000-0002-8485-1763 Gamze Akbulut 0000-0003-0197-1573 Tevfik Koçak 0000-0002-4096-6796 Nilüfer Acar Tek 0000-0002-8772-9608
Proje Numarası	yok
Yayımlanma Tarihi	15 Haziran 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi	19 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA	Atabilen, B., Akbulut, G., Koçak, T., Acar Tek, N. (2023). Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 13(2), 323-329. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236
AMA	Atabilen B, Akbulut G, Koçak T, Acar Tek N. Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. Haziran 2023;13(2):323-329. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236
Chicago	Atabilen, Büşra, Gamze Akbulut, Tevfik Koçak, ve Nilüfer Acar Tek. “Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13, sy. 2 (Haziran 2023): 323-29. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236.
EndNote	Atabilen B, Akbulut G, Koçak T, Acar Tek N (01 Haziran 2023) Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13 2 323–329.
IEEE	B. Atabilen, G. Akbulut, T. Koçak, ve N. Acar Tek, “Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, c. 13, sy. 2, ss. 323–329, 2023, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236.
ISNAD	Atabilen, Büşra vd. “Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13/2 (Haziran 2023), 323-329. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236.
JAMA	Atabilen B, Akbulut G, Koçak T, Acar Tek N. Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13:323–329.
MLA	Atabilen, Büşra vd. “Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, c. 13, sy. 2, 2023, ss. 323-9, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1105236.
Vancouver	Atabilen B, Akbulut G, Koçak T, Acar Tek N. Evaluation of Emotional State and Mediterranean Diet Adherence During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Butterfly Effect. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13(2):323-9.

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