Araştırma Makalesi
Autism Awareness Scale for Security Officers Working in Hospitals: A Study of Validity and Reliability
Öz
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the knowledge and awareness toward autism among security officers working in hospitals and to explore the validity and reliability of the Autism Awareness Scale for Security Officers (AASSO) developed by the researchers.
Methods: This methodological study was conducted at two Government Training and Research Hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 135 security officers were included in the study and the data were obtained between February and April 2019. The AASSO is a 4-point Likert type scale and consists of 20 items. The factor structure of the scale was extracted by performing exploratory factor analysis.
Results: Most of the participants were males (n=79; 58.5%) and high school graduates (n=86; 67.7%). Participants considered autism mostly as “a kind of mental retardation” (n=69; 51.9%), followed by “social interaction problem” (n=24; 18.0%). The AASSO reduces autism awareness into 3 factors (‘Coming across’, ‘Communication’ and ‘Interaction with the environment’), with eigenvalues ranging from 9.417 to 1.201 and explained 65.45% of all variance. Cronbach’s alpha values for the AASSO was 0.936 and ranging from 0.921 to 0.809 for the subscales.
Conclusion: According to these results AASSO is a valid and reliable scale. The consequence of further studies especially conducted on non-healthcare professionals of hospitals should be establishing Autism-friendly Hospitals.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Baron-Cohen S. Autism. The Lancet 2014; 383:896-910.
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
- Maenner MJ, Shaw KA, Baio J, Washington A, Patrick M, DiRienzo M, Christensen DL, Wiggins L, Pettygrove S, Andrews JG, Lopez M, Hudson A, Baroud T, Schwenk Y, White T, Robinson Rosenberg C, Lee LC, Harrington R, Huston M, Hewitt A, Esler A, Hall-Lande J, Poynter JN, Hallas-Muchow L, Fitzgerald RT, Dietz PM. Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2016. MMWR Surveill Summ 2020; 69:1-12.
- Chaste P, Leboyer M. Autism risk factors: genes, environment, and gene-environment interactions. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2012; 14:281-92.
- Lecavalier L. Behavioral and emotional problems in young people with pervasive developmental disorders: relative prevalence, effects of subject characteristics, and empirical classification. J Autism Dev Disord 2006; 36:1101-14.
- Mazefsky CA, Herrington J, Siegel M, Scarpa A, Maddox BB, Scahill L, White SW. The role of emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2013; 52:679-88.
- Goodwin MS, Mazefsky CA, Ioannidis S, Erdogmus D, Siegel M. Predicting aggression to others in youth with autism using a wearable biosensor. Autism Res 2019; 12:1286-96.
- Kanne SM, Mazurek MO. Aggression in Children and Adolescents with ASD: Prevalence and Risk Factors. J Autism Dev Disord 2011; 41:926-37.
- Arif MM, Niazy A, Hassan B, Ahmed F. Awareness of autism in primary school teachers. Autism Res Treat 2013; 2013:1–5.
- Alsehemi MA, Abousaadah MM, Sairafi RA, Jan MM. Public awareness of autism spectrum disorder. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2017; 22:213-5.
- Chansa-Kabali T, Nyoni J, Mwanza H. Awareness and Knowledge Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders Among University Students in Zambia. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:3571-81.
- Heidgerken AD, Geffken G, Modi A, Frakey L. A survey of autism knowledge in a health care setting. J Autism Dev Disord 2005; 35:323-30.
- Ozonoff S, Iosif AM, Baguio F, Cook IC, Hill MM, Hutman T, Rogers SJ, Rozga A, Sangha S, Sigman M, Steinfeld MB, Young GS. A prospective study of the emergence of early behavioral signs of autism. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010; 49:256-66.e1-2.
- Zwaigenbaum L, Bryson S, Rogers T, Roberts W, Brian J, Szatmari P. Behavioral manifestations of autism in the first year of life. Int J Dev Neurosci 2005; 23:143-52.
- Johnson CP, Myers SM. Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 2007; 120:1183-215.
- Elder JH, Kreider CM, Brasher SN, Ansell M. Clinical impact of early diagnosis of autism on the prognosis and parent-child relationships. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2017; 10:283-92.
- Manohar H, Kandasamy P, Chandrasekaran V, Rajkumar RP. Early Diagnosis and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Need for Pediatrician-Child Psychiatrist Liaison. Indian J Psychol Med 2019; 41:87-90.
- Barron D, Morgan KD, Towell T, Jaafar JL, Swami V. Psychometric properties of the Malay Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire: Measurement invariance and latent mean comparisons in Malaysian adults. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2018; 10:e12293.
- Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, Anderson RE. Multivariate Data Analysis: Pearson New International Edition. 7th ed. Harlow, United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited; 2014.
- Baker SM. Learning about autism. Glob Adv Health Med 2013; 2:38-46.
- Garfin DG, Lord C. Communication as a Social Problem in Autism. In: Schopler E, Mesibov GB, editors. Social Behavior in Autism. Boston, MA: Springer; 1986. pp.131-155.
- Stankovic M, Lakic A, Ilic N. Autism and autistic spectrum disorders in the context of new DSM-V classification, and clinical and epidemiological data. Srp Arh Celok Lek 2012; 140:236-243.
- Tureck K, Matson JL, Cervantes P, Konst MJ. An examination of the relationship between autism spectrum disorder, intellectual functioning, and comorbid symptoms in children. Res Dev Disabil 2014; 35:1766-72.
- Clark LA, Watson D. Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychol Assess 1995; 7:309-19.
- Cristobal E, Flavián C, Guinalíu M. Perceived e‐service quality (PeSQ): Measurement validation and effects on consumer satisfaction and web site loyalty. Manag Serv Qual 2007; 17:317-40.
- Medina MS. Relationship between case question prompt format and the quality of responses. Am J Pharm Educ 2010; 74:29.
Yıl 2021,
Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 14 - 19, 31.03.2021
Öz
Kaynakça
- Lai MC, Lombardo MV, Baron-Cohen S. Autism. The Lancet 2014; 383:896-910.
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association; 2013.
- Maenner MJ, Shaw KA, Baio J, Washington A, Patrick M, DiRienzo M, Christensen DL, Wiggins L, Pettygrove S, Andrews JG, Lopez M, Hudson A, Baroud T, Schwenk Y, White T, Robinson Rosenberg C, Lee LC, Harrington R, Huston M, Hewitt A, Esler A, Hall-Lande J, Poynter JN, Hallas-Muchow L, Fitzgerald RT, Dietz PM. Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years - Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2016. MMWR Surveill Summ 2020; 69:1-12.
- Chaste P, Leboyer M. Autism risk factors: genes, environment, and gene-environment interactions. Dialogues Clin Neurosci 2012; 14:281-92.
- Lecavalier L. Behavioral and emotional problems in young people with pervasive developmental disorders: relative prevalence, effects of subject characteristics, and empirical classification. J Autism Dev Disord 2006; 36:1101-14.
- Mazefsky CA, Herrington J, Siegel M, Scarpa A, Maddox BB, Scahill L, White SW. The role of emotion regulation in autism spectrum disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2013; 52:679-88.
- Goodwin MS, Mazefsky CA, Ioannidis S, Erdogmus D, Siegel M. Predicting aggression to others in youth with autism using a wearable biosensor. Autism Res 2019; 12:1286-96.
- Kanne SM, Mazurek MO. Aggression in Children and Adolescents with ASD: Prevalence and Risk Factors. J Autism Dev Disord 2011; 41:926-37.
- Arif MM, Niazy A, Hassan B, Ahmed F. Awareness of autism in primary school teachers. Autism Res Treat 2013; 2013:1–5.
- Alsehemi MA, Abousaadah MM, Sairafi RA, Jan MM. Public awareness of autism spectrum disorder. Neurosciences (Riyadh) 2017; 22:213-5.
- Chansa-Kabali T, Nyoni J, Mwanza H. Awareness and Knowledge Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders Among University Students in Zambia. J Autism Dev Disord 2019; 49:3571-81.
- Heidgerken AD, Geffken G, Modi A, Frakey L. A survey of autism knowledge in a health care setting. J Autism Dev Disord 2005; 35:323-30.
- Ozonoff S, Iosif AM, Baguio F, Cook IC, Hill MM, Hutman T, Rogers SJ, Rozga A, Sangha S, Sigman M, Steinfeld MB, Young GS. A prospective study of the emergence of early behavioral signs of autism. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2010; 49:256-66.e1-2.
- Zwaigenbaum L, Bryson S, Rogers T, Roberts W, Brian J, Szatmari P. Behavioral manifestations of autism in the first year of life. Int J Dev Neurosci 2005; 23:143-52.
- Johnson CP, Myers SM. Identification and evaluation of children with autism spectrum disorders. Pediatrics 2007; 120:1183-215.
- Elder JH, Kreider CM, Brasher SN, Ansell M. Clinical impact of early diagnosis of autism on the prognosis and parent-child relationships. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2017; 10:283-92.
- Manohar H, Kandasamy P, Chandrasekaran V, Rajkumar RP. Early Diagnosis and Intervention for Autism Spectrum Disorder: Need for Pediatrician-Child Psychiatrist Liaison. Indian J Psychol Med 2019; 41:87-90.
- Barron D, Morgan KD, Towell T, Jaafar JL, Swami V. Psychometric properties of the Malay Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire: Measurement invariance and latent mean comparisons in Malaysian adults. Asia Pac Psychiatry 2018; 10:e12293.
- Hair JF, Black WC, Babin BJ, Anderson RE. Multivariate Data Analysis: Pearson New International Edition. 7th ed. Harlow, United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited; 2014.
- Baker SM. Learning about autism. Glob Adv Health Med 2013; 2:38-46.
- Garfin DG, Lord C. Communication as a Social Problem in Autism. In: Schopler E, Mesibov GB, editors. Social Behavior in Autism. Boston, MA: Springer; 1986. pp.131-155.
- Stankovic M, Lakic A, Ilic N. Autism and autistic spectrum disorders in the context of new DSM-V classification, and clinical and epidemiological data. Srp Arh Celok Lek 2012; 140:236-243.
- Tureck K, Matson JL, Cervantes P, Konst MJ. An examination of the relationship between autism spectrum disorder, intellectual functioning, and comorbid symptoms in children. Res Dev Disabil 2014; 35:1766-72.
- Clark LA, Watson D. Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychol Assess 1995; 7:309-19.
- Cristobal E, Flavián C, Guinalíu M. Perceived e‐service quality (PeSQ): Measurement validation and effects on consumer satisfaction and web site loyalty. Manag Serv Qual 2007; 17:317-40.
- Medina MS. Relationship between case question prompt format and the quality of responses. Am J Pharm Educ 2010; 74:29.
Toplam 26 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi |
| Bölüm | Articles |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Mart 2021 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 6 Ağustos 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1 |
Kaynak Göster
