Araştırma Makalesi
Yıl 2020,
Cilt: 67 Sayı: 4, 357 - 364, 01.09.2020
Öz
Bu çalışma, ısı stresine (HS) maruz bırakılan broylerlerde yeme ilave edilen kekik esansiyel yağı (TEO) ve TEO’nunfarklı vitaminlerle (A, C ve E) kombinasyonunun performans, karkas kalitesi ve oksidasyon parametrelerine etkisini belirlemekamacıyla yapıldı. Toplam 300 adet, 21 günlük yaşta, Ross-308 ırkı erkek piliç 6 deneme grubuna 5 tekerrürlü olarak dağıtıldı. HS oluşturulan gruplar 21.-41. günler arasında, günde 9 saat 34oC sıcaklığa maruz bırakıldı. Deneme grupları: 1: Termonötral kontrol (TNC, 22oC), 2: Isı stresi kontrol (HSC, 34oC), 3: TEO(300 mg/kg TEO, 34oC), 4: TEO+ Vit C (300 mg/kg TEO+250 mg/kg Vit C, 34oC), 5: TEO+ Vit E (300 mg/kg TEO+250 mg/kg Vit E, 34oC) ve 6: TEO+ Vit A (300 mg/kg TEO+15000 IU/kg Vit A, 34oC) şeklinde oluşturuldu. Çalışma sonunda HS’nin canlı ağırlık (LW), canlı ağırlık artışı (LWG) ve yem tüketimi (FI) değerlerini TNC grubuna göre önemli derecede azalttığı (P<0,05) belirlendi. Isı stresine maruz bırakılan broylerlerin yemlerine kekik yağı veya kekik yağının vitaminlerle (A, C, E) birlikte ilave edilmesinin performans, karkas kalitesi ve karkas parça oranı ile serum parametrelerine önemli bir etkisi olmadı. Ekonomik olarak en yüksek karlılık TNC grubunda elde edildi (P<0,001). Sonuç olarak, HS’nin broilerlerin performans değerlerini olumsuz etkilediği, rasyona TEO+Vit E’nin birlikte ilave edilmesinin HS’in olumsuz etkisinin düzeltilmesinde katkı sağlayabileceği kanaatine varılmıştır.
Kaynakça
- 1. Abudabos AM, Al-Owaimer AN, Hussein EOS, et al (2018): Effect of natural vitamin c on performance and certain haemato-biochemical values in broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. Pak J Zool, 50, 951-955.
- 2. Aksoy F (1999): Tavuk yetiştiriciliği. Şahin Matbaası, Ankara.
- 3. Akşit M, Yalçin S, Ozkan S, et al (2006): Effects of temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat quality of broilers. Poult Sci, 85, 1867-1874.
- 4. Al-Fataftah ARA, Abu-Dieyeh ZHM (2007): Effect of chronic heat stress on broiler performance in Jordan. Int J Poult Sci, 6, 64-70.
- 5. Altan Ö, Pabuçcuoğlu A, Altan A, et al (2003): Effect of heat stress on oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and some stress parameters in broilers. Br Poult Sci, 44, 545-550.
- 6. Attia YA, Al-Harthi MA, El-Shafey AS, et al (2017): Enhancing tolerance of broiler chickens to heat stress by supplementation with vitamin E, vitamin C and/or probiotics. Ann Anim Sci, 17, 1155-1169.
- 7. Aydilek N, Cadirci S, Can A, et al (2012): Effect of free choice feeding as to protein levels on oxidative status in the broilers exposed to heat stress. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18, 1049-1054.
- 8. Capecka E, Mareczek A, Leja M (2005): Antioxidant activity of fresh and dry herbs of some Lamiaceae species. Food Chem, 93, 223-226.
- 9. Council National Research (1994): Nutrient Requirements of Poultry: Ninth Revised Edition. The National Academics Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- 10. Daghir NJ (2009): Nutritional strategies to reduce heat stress in broilers and broiler breeders. Lohmann Inf, 44, 6-15.
- 11. Das S, Palai T, Mishra S, et al (2011): Nutrition in relation to diseases and heat stress in poultry. Vet World, 4, 429-432.
- 12. Diarra SS, Tabuaciri P (2014): Feeding management of poultry in high environmental temperatures. Int J Poult Sci, 13, 657-661.
- 13. El-Habbak MM, El-Ghamry AA, El-Mallah GM, et al (2011): Influence of dietary vitamin E and C supplementation on performance and some metabolic response of broiler chicks subjected to heat stress. World Agr Sci, 7, 258-269.
- 14. Ghazi Harsini S, Habibiyan M, Moeini MM, et al (2012): Effects of dietary selenium, vitamin E, and their combination on growth, serum metabolites, and antioxidant defense system in skeletal muscle of broilers under heat stress. Biol Trace Elem Res, 148, 322-330.
- 15. Ghazi S, Amjadian T, Norouzi S (2015): Single and combined effects of vitamin C and oregano essential oil in diet, on growth performance, and blood parameters of broiler chicks reared under heat stress condition. Int J Biometeorol, 59, 1019-1024.
- 16. Habibian M, Ghazi S, Moeini MM, et al (2014): Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on immune response and biological blood parameters of broilers reared under thermoneutral or heat stress conditions. Int J Biometeorol, 58, 741-752.
- 17. Hajati H, Hassanabadi A, Golian AG, et al (2015): The effect of grape seed extract and vitamin C feed supplements carcass characteristics, gut morphology and ileal microflora in broiler chickens exposed to chronic heat stress. Iran J Appl Anim Sci, 5, 155-165.
- 18. Hosseini-Vashan SJ, Golian A, Yaghobfar A (2016): Growth, immune, antioxidant, and bone responses of heat stress-exposed broilers fed diets supplemented with tomato pomace. Int J Biometeorol, 60, 1183-1192.
- 19. Imik H, Kaynar O, Ozkanlar S, et al (2013): Effects of vitamin C and α-lipoid acid dietary supplementations on metabolic adaptation of broilers to heat stress. Rev Méd Vét, 164, 52-59.
- 20. Karslı MA, Dönmez HH (2007): Effects of plant extract on growth performance and villi of the small bowel in heat stressed broiler. Atatürk Univ J Vet Sci, 2, 143-148.
- 21. Kutlu HR (2001): Influences of wet feeding and supplementation with ascorbic acid on performance and carcass composition of broiler chicks exposed to a high ambient temperature. Arch Anim Nutr, 54, 127-139.
- 22. Kutlu HR, Forbes JM (1993): Changes in growth and blood parameters in heat-stressed broiler chicks in response to dietary ascorbic acid. Livest Prod Sci, 36, 335-350.
- 23. Montazeri S, Jafari M, Khojasteh S (2014): The effect of powder and essential oil of savory medicinal plant (Satureja Hortensis) on performance and antioxidant status of broiler chicks under heat stress. Iran J Appl Anim Sci, 4, 573-577.
- 24. Naresh P, Rani UM, Kumar VM (2017): Efficacy evaluation of polyherbal antistress formulation and synthetic vitamin C on broiler birds performance under physiological heat stress. The Pharma Innov Journal, 6, 18-21.
- 25. Naseem S, Younus M, Anwar B, et al (2005): Effect of ascorbic acid and acetylsalicylic acid supplementation on performance of broiler chicks exposed to heat stress. Int J Poult Sci, 4, 900-904.
- 26. Niu ZY, Liu FZ, Yan QL, et al (2009): Effects of different levels of vitamin E on growth performance and immune responses of broilers under heat stress. Poult Sci, 88, 2101-2107.
- 27. Önenç S, Açikgöz Z (2005): Antioxidant effects of aromatic plants on animal products. Hayvansal Üretim, 46, 50-55.
- 28. Pardue SL, Thaxton JP, Brake J (1985): Influence of supplemental ascorbic acid on broiler performance following exposure to high environmental temperature. Poult Sci, 64, 1334-1338.
- 29. Sahin K, Ozbey O, Onderci M, et al (2002): Chromium supplementation can alleviate negative effects of heat stress on egg production, egg quality and some serum metabolites of laying Japanese quail. J Nutr, 132, 1265-1268.
- 30. Salami SA, Majoka MA, Saha S, (2015): Efficacy of dietary antioxidants on broiler oxidative stress, performance and meat quality: science and market. Avian Biol Res, 8, 65-78.
- 31. Sari M, Bolat D, Çerçi İH, et al (2008): Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Medipress Matbaacılık Ltd Şti, Malatya.
- 32. SPSS IBM (2011): Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY, IBM Corp. USA.
- 33. ST-Pierre N, Cobanov B, Schnitkey G (2003): Economic losses from heat stress by us livestock industries. J Dairy Sci, 86, E52-E77.
- 34. Stilborn HL, Harris GC, Bottje WG, et al (1988): Ascorbic acid and acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) in the diet of broilers maintained under heat stress conditions. Poult Sci, 67, 1183-1187.
- 35. Sugiharto S, Yudiarti T, Isroli I, et al (2017): Effect of dietary supplementation with Rhizopus oryzae or Chrysonilia crassa on growth performance, blood profile, intestinal microbial population, and carcass traits in broilers exposed to heat stress. Arch Anim Breed, 60, 347-356.
- 36. Tatli Seven P, Seven I, Yilmaz M, et al (2008): The effects of Turkish propolis on growth and carcass characteristics in broilers under heat stress. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 146, 137-148.
- 37. Toplu HDO, Nazligül A, Karaarslan S, et al (2014): Effects of heat conditioning and dietary ascorbic acid supplementation on growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics in heat-stressed broilers. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 61, 295-302.
- 38. TUİK (2018): Kümes hayvancılığı üretimi. Available at http:// tuikapp. tuik. gov.tr/medas/?kn=80&locale=tr. (Accessed Sep 20, 2019).
The effects of thyme essential oil and vitamin combinations on performance, carcass quality and oxidation parameters in broilers exposed to heat stress
Öz
This study aims to determine the effect of thyme essential oil (TEO) and a combination of TEOwith different vitamins (A, C and E) on performance, carcass quality, oxidation parametersin broilers exposed to heat stress (HS). A total of 300, 21 days old, male Ross-308 chicks were distributed in six experimental groups with five replicates. The broilers in HS groups were exposed to 34oC for nine hours per day between 21 and 41 days of the experiment. The experimental groups were as follows: 1: Thermoneutral control (TNC, 22oC), 2: Heat stress control (HSC, 34oC), 3: TEO(300 mg/kg TEO, 34oC), 4: TEO+ Vit C (300 mg/kg TEO+ 250 mg/kg Vit C, 34oC), 5: TEO+ Vit E (300 mg / kg TEO+ 250 mg/kg Vit E, 34oC) and 6: TEO+ Vit A (300 mg / kg TEO+ 15000 IU / kg Vit A, 34°C). As a result, it was determined that HS significantly reduced live weight (LW), live weight gain (LWG), and feed intake(FI) values compared to the TNC group (P<0.05). Supplementation of TEOor TEOand vitamin (A, C, E) combinations to the feed of broilers exposed to HS had no significant effect on performance, carcass quality, carcass part yields, and serum parameters. Economically, the highest profitability was obtained in the TNC group (P<0.001), In conclusion, HS negativelyaffected the performance of broilers, and the supplementation of TEO+ Vit E to the diet had slightly reduced the adverse effects of HS.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- 1. Abudabos AM, Al-Owaimer AN, Hussein EOS, et al (2018): Effect of natural vitamin c on performance and certain haemato-biochemical values in broiler chickens exposed to heat stress. Pak J Zool, 50, 951-955.
- 2. Aksoy F (1999): Tavuk yetiştiriciliği. Şahin Matbaası, Ankara.
- 3. Akşit M, Yalçin S, Ozkan S, et al (2006): Effects of temperature during rearing and crating on stress parameters and meat quality of broilers. Poult Sci, 85, 1867-1874.
- 4. Al-Fataftah ARA, Abu-Dieyeh ZHM (2007): Effect of chronic heat stress on broiler performance in Jordan. Int J Poult Sci, 6, 64-70.
- 5. Altan Ö, Pabuçcuoğlu A, Altan A, et al (2003): Effect of heat stress on oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation and some stress parameters in broilers. Br Poult Sci, 44, 545-550.
- 6. Attia YA, Al-Harthi MA, El-Shafey AS, et al (2017): Enhancing tolerance of broiler chickens to heat stress by supplementation with vitamin E, vitamin C and/or probiotics. Ann Anim Sci, 17, 1155-1169.
- 7. Aydilek N, Cadirci S, Can A, et al (2012): Effect of free choice feeding as to protein levels on oxidative status in the broilers exposed to heat stress. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 18, 1049-1054.
- 8. Capecka E, Mareczek A, Leja M (2005): Antioxidant activity of fresh and dry herbs of some Lamiaceae species. Food Chem, 93, 223-226.
- 9. Council National Research (1994): Nutrient Requirements of Poultry: Ninth Revised Edition. The National Academics Press, Washington, D.C., USA.
- 10. Daghir NJ (2009): Nutritional strategies to reduce heat stress in broilers and broiler breeders. Lohmann Inf, 44, 6-15.
- 11. Das S, Palai T, Mishra S, et al (2011): Nutrition in relation to diseases and heat stress in poultry. Vet World, 4, 429-432.
- 12. Diarra SS, Tabuaciri P (2014): Feeding management of poultry in high environmental temperatures. Int J Poult Sci, 13, 657-661.
- 13. El-Habbak MM, El-Ghamry AA, El-Mallah GM, et al (2011): Influence of dietary vitamin E and C supplementation on performance and some metabolic response of broiler chicks subjected to heat stress. World Agr Sci, 7, 258-269.
- 14. Ghazi Harsini S, Habibiyan M, Moeini MM, et al (2012): Effects of dietary selenium, vitamin E, and their combination on growth, serum metabolites, and antioxidant defense system in skeletal muscle of broilers under heat stress. Biol Trace Elem Res, 148, 322-330.
- 15. Ghazi S, Amjadian T, Norouzi S (2015): Single and combined effects of vitamin C and oregano essential oil in diet, on growth performance, and blood parameters of broiler chicks reared under heat stress condition. Int J Biometeorol, 59, 1019-1024.
- 16. Habibian M, Ghazi S, Moeini MM, et al (2014): Effects of dietary selenium and vitamin E on immune response and biological blood parameters of broilers reared under thermoneutral or heat stress conditions. Int J Biometeorol, 58, 741-752.
- 17. Hajati H, Hassanabadi A, Golian AG, et al (2015): The effect of grape seed extract and vitamin C feed supplements carcass characteristics, gut morphology and ileal microflora in broiler chickens exposed to chronic heat stress. Iran J Appl Anim Sci, 5, 155-165.
- 18. Hosseini-Vashan SJ, Golian A, Yaghobfar A (2016): Growth, immune, antioxidant, and bone responses of heat stress-exposed broilers fed diets supplemented with tomato pomace. Int J Biometeorol, 60, 1183-1192.
- 19. Imik H, Kaynar O, Ozkanlar S, et al (2013): Effects of vitamin C and α-lipoid acid dietary supplementations on metabolic adaptation of broilers to heat stress. Rev Méd Vét, 164, 52-59.
- 20. Karslı MA, Dönmez HH (2007): Effects of plant extract on growth performance and villi of the small bowel in heat stressed broiler. Atatürk Univ J Vet Sci, 2, 143-148.
- 21. Kutlu HR (2001): Influences of wet feeding and supplementation with ascorbic acid on performance and carcass composition of broiler chicks exposed to a high ambient temperature. Arch Anim Nutr, 54, 127-139.
- 22. Kutlu HR, Forbes JM (1993): Changes in growth and blood parameters in heat-stressed broiler chicks in response to dietary ascorbic acid. Livest Prod Sci, 36, 335-350.
- 23. Montazeri S, Jafari M, Khojasteh S (2014): The effect of powder and essential oil of savory medicinal plant (Satureja Hortensis) on performance and antioxidant status of broiler chicks under heat stress. Iran J Appl Anim Sci, 4, 573-577.
- 24. Naresh P, Rani UM, Kumar VM (2017): Efficacy evaluation of polyherbal antistress formulation and synthetic vitamin C on broiler birds performance under physiological heat stress. The Pharma Innov Journal, 6, 18-21.
- 25. Naseem S, Younus M, Anwar B, et al (2005): Effect of ascorbic acid and acetylsalicylic acid supplementation on performance of broiler chicks exposed to heat stress. Int J Poult Sci, 4, 900-904.
- 26. Niu ZY, Liu FZ, Yan QL, et al (2009): Effects of different levels of vitamin E on growth performance and immune responses of broilers under heat stress. Poult Sci, 88, 2101-2107.
- 27. Önenç S, Açikgöz Z (2005): Antioxidant effects of aromatic plants on animal products. Hayvansal Üretim, 46, 50-55.
- 28. Pardue SL, Thaxton JP, Brake J (1985): Influence of supplemental ascorbic acid on broiler performance following exposure to high environmental temperature. Poult Sci, 64, 1334-1338.
- 29. Sahin K, Ozbey O, Onderci M, et al (2002): Chromium supplementation can alleviate negative effects of heat stress on egg production, egg quality and some serum metabolites of laying Japanese quail. J Nutr, 132, 1265-1268.
- 30. Salami SA, Majoka MA, Saha S, (2015): Efficacy of dietary antioxidants on broiler oxidative stress, performance and meat quality: science and market. Avian Biol Res, 8, 65-78.
- 31. Sari M, Bolat D, Çerçi İH, et al (2008): Hayvan Besleme ve Beslenme Hastalıkları. Medipress Matbaacılık Ltd Şti, Malatya.
- 32. SPSS IBM (2011): Statistics for Windows, Version 20.0. Armonk, NY, IBM Corp. USA.
- 33. ST-Pierre N, Cobanov B, Schnitkey G (2003): Economic losses from heat stress by us livestock industries. J Dairy Sci, 86, E52-E77.
- 34. Stilborn HL, Harris GC, Bottje WG, et al (1988): Ascorbic acid and acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin) in the diet of broilers maintained under heat stress conditions. Poult Sci, 67, 1183-1187.
- 35. Sugiharto S, Yudiarti T, Isroli I, et al (2017): Effect of dietary supplementation with Rhizopus oryzae or Chrysonilia crassa on growth performance, blood profile, intestinal microbial population, and carcass traits in broilers exposed to heat stress. Arch Anim Breed, 60, 347-356.
- 36. Tatli Seven P, Seven I, Yilmaz M, et al (2008): The effects of Turkish propolis on growth and carcass characteristics in broilers under heat stress. Anim Feed Sci Technol, 146, 137-148.
- 37. Toplu HDO, Nazligül A, Karaarslan S, et al (2014): Effects of heat conditioning and dietary ascorbic acid supplementation on growth performance, carcass and meat quality characteristics in heat-stressed broilers. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 61, 295-302.
- 38. TUİK (2018): Kümes hayvancılığı üretimi. Available at http:// tuikapp. tuik. gov.tr/medas/?kn=80&locale=tr. (Accessed Sep 20, 2019).
Toplam 38 adet kaynakça vardır.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Veteriner Cerrahi |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makalesi |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 1 Eylül 2020 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020Cilt: 67 Sayı: 4 |