Kanserli Hastada Sarkopeni’ye Güncel Bakış

Ezime Toruk; Gamze Akbulut

doi:10.46237/amusbfd.1295662

Derleme

Current Overview of Sarcopenia in the Cancer Patient

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 732 - 741, 30.09.2023

Ezime Toruk Gamze Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1295662

Öz

Malnutrition is frequently observed in oncology patients due to tumor or treatment. When physical inactivity is added in addition to malnutrition in this patient group, muscle loss is inevitable. It is known that sarcopenia in cancer patients adversely affects the outcomes of patients with various types of cancer. For the correct diagnosis of sarcopenia, it is important to determine the decreased skeletal muscle mass, strength and performance of the patients. It is recommended to use reliable methods such as dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA), computerized tomography (CT), bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for the determination of skeletal muscle mass. Performing body composition analysis, evaluation of nutritional status and providing nutritional counseling from the first diagnosis of patients will be effective in increasing treatment compliance, tolerance and quality of life.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cancer, Sarcopenia, Nutrition

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

1. Ferlay, J., Colombet, M., Soerjomataram, I., Parkin, D. M., Pineros, M., Znaor, A., et al. (2021). Cancer statistics for the year 2020: An overview. Int J Cancer.
2. Muscaritoli, M., Arends, J., Bachmann, P., Baracos, V., Barthelemy, N., Bertz, H., et al. (2021). ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition in cancer. Clin Nutr, 40(5), 2898-913.
3. Arends, J., Bachmann, P., Baracos, V., Barthelemy, N., Bertz, H., Bozzetti, F., et al. (2017). ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients. Clin Nutr, 36(1), 11-48.
4. Au, P.C., Li, H.L., Lee, G. K., Li, G.H., Chan, M., Cheung, B. M., et al. (2021). Sarcopenia and mortality in cancer: A meta-analysis. Osteoporos Sarcopenia, 7(1), 28-33.
5. Lieffers, J.R., Bathe, O. F., Fassbender, K., Winget, M., Baracos, V. E. (2012). Sarcopenia is associated with postoperative infection and delayed recovery from colorectal cancer resection surgery. Br J Cancer, 107(6), 931-6.
6. Wong, A., Zhu, D., Kraus, D., Tham, T. (2021). Radiologically defined sarcopenia affects survival in head and neck cancer: A meta-analysis. Laryngoscope, 131(2), 333-41.
7. Cederholm, T., Barazzoni, R., Austin, P., Ballmer, P., Biolo, G., Bischoff, S. C., et al. (2017). ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. Clin Nutr, 36(1), 49-64.
8. Cederholm, T., Jensen, G. L., Correia, M., Gonzalez, M. C., Fukushima, R., Higashiguchi, T., et al. (2019). GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition - A consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community. Clin Nutr, 38(1), 1-9.
9. Jager-Wittenaar, H., Ottery, F. D. (2017). Assessing nutritional status in cancer: role of the Patient- Generated Subjective Global Assessment. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 20(5), 322-9.
10. Muscaritoli, M., Lucia, S., Farcomeni, A., Lorusso, V., Saracino, V., Barone, C., et al. (2017). Prevalence of malnutrition in patients at first medical oncology visit: the PreMiO study. Oncotarget, 8(45), 79884-96.
11. Davis, M. P., Panikkar, R. (2019). Sarcopenia associated with chemotherapy and targeted agents for cancer therapy. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 8(1), 86-101.
12. Wang, J., Tan, S., Wu, G. (2021). Oral nutritional supplements, physical activity, and sarcopenia in cancer. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 24(3), 223-8.
13. Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Bahat, G., Bauer, J., Boirie, Y., Bruyere, O., Cederholm, T., et al. (2019). Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing, 48(1),16-31.
14. Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Baeyens, J. P., Bauer, J. M., Boirie, Y., Cederholm, T., Landi, F., et al. (2010). Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing, 39(4), 412-23.
15. Anjanappa, M., Corden, M., Green, A., Roberts, D., Hoskin, P., McWilliam, A., et al. (2020). Sarcopenia in cancer: risking more than muscle loss. Tech Innov Patient Support Radiat Oncol, 16, 50-7.
16. Nishigori, T., Obama, K., Sakai, Y. (2020). Assessment of body composition and impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in patients with gastric cancer. Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 5.
17. Zopfs, D., Theurich, S., Grosse Hokamp, N., Knuever, J., Gerecht, L., Borggrefe, J., et al. (2020). Single-slice CT measurements allow for accurate assessment of sarcopenia and body composition. European Radiology, 30(3), 1701-8.
18. Mueller, T. C., Reik, L., Prokopchuk, O., Friess, H., Martignoni, M. E. (2020). Measurement of body mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis and computed tomography in cancer patients with malnutrition - a cross- sectional observational study. Medicine (Baltimore), 99(50), 23642.
19. Grossberg, A. J., Rock, C.D., Edwards, J., Mohamed, A. S., Ruzensky, D., Currie, A., et al. (2021). Bioelectrical impedance analysis as a quantitative measure of sarcopenia in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 159, 21-7.
20. Bahat, G., Aydin, C. O., Tufan, A., Karan, M. A., Cruz-Jentoft, A. J. (2021). Muscle strength cutoff values calculated from the young reference population to evaluate sarcopenia in Turkish population. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 33(10), 2879-82.
21. Vergara-Fernandez, O., Trejo-Avila, M., Salgado-Nesme, N. (2020). Sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review. World J Clin Cases, 8(7), 1188-202.
22. Barreto, R., Waning, D. L., Gao, H., Liu, Y., Zimmers, T. A., Bonetto, A. (2016). Chemotherapy-related cachexia is associated with mitochondrial depletion and the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs. Oncotarget, 7(28), 43442-60.
23. Medici, F., Rizzo, S., Buwenge, M., Arcelli, A., Ferioli, M., Macchia, G., et al. (2022). Everything you always wanted to know about sarcopenia but were afraid to ask: a quick guide for radiation oncologists (Impact of sarcopenia in radiotherapy: The AFRAID Project). Current Oncology, 29(11), 8513-28.
24. Tang, P. L., Wang, H. H., Lin, H. S., Liu, W. S., Chen, L. M., Chou, F. H. (2018). Body composition early identifies cancer patients with radiotherapy at risk for malnutrition. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 55(3), 864-71.
25. Ryan, A. M., Prado, C. M., Sullivan, E. S., Power, D. G., Daly, L. E. (2019). Effects of weight loss and sarcopenia on response to chemotherapy, quality of life, and survival. Nutrition, 67, 110539.
26. Choi, M. H., Oh, S. N., Lee, I. K., Oh, S. T., Won, D. D. (2018). Sarcopenia is negatively associated with long- term outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 9(1), 53-9.
27. Li Q, An T, Wu J, Lu W, Wang Y, Li J, et al. (2023). The impacts of sarcopenia on outcomes of patients with left-sided colon or rectal cancer after curative surgery. BMC Cancer, 23, 640.
28. Aro, R., Mäkäräinen-Uhlbäck, E., Ämmälä, N., Rautio, T., Ohtonen, P., Saarnio, J., et al. (2020). The impact of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on postoperative outcomes and 5-year survival in curatively operated colorectal cancer patients–a retrospective register study. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 46(9), 1656-62.
29. Buentzel, J., Heinz, J., Bleckmann, A., Bauer, C., Rover, C., Bohnenberger, H., et al. (2019). Sarcopenia as prognostic factor in lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anticancer Res, 39(9), 4603-12.
30. Deng, H. Y., Hou, L., Zha, P., Huang, K. L., Peng, L. (2019). Sarcopenia is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor of non-small cell lung cancer after surgical resection: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol, 45(5), 728-35.
31. Tan, B.H., Brammer, K., Randhawa, N., Welch, N.T., Parsons, S. L., James, E. J., et al. (2015). Sarcopenia is associated with toxicity in patients undergoing neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for oesophago-gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol, 41(3), 333-8.
32. Qin, Z., Lu, K., Jiang, T., Wang, M., Weng, Y., Tang, X., et al. (2022). Evaluating sarcopenia by using the bioelectrical impedance analysis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy. Int J Gen Med, 15, 1261-9.
33. Bozzetti, F. (2017). Forcing the vicious circle: sarcopenia increases toxicity, decreases response to chemotherapy and worsens with chemotherapy. Ann Oncol, 28(9), 2107-18.
34. Baker, S. D., Verweij, J., Rowinsky, E. K., Donehower, R. C., Schellens, J. H., Grochow, L. B., et al. (2002). Role of body surface area in dosing of investigational anticancer agents in adults, 1991–2001. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 94(24), 1883-8.
35. Shachar, S. S., Deal, A. M., Weinberg, M., Williams, G. R., Nyrop, K. A., Popuri, K., et al. (2017). Body composition as a predictor of toxicity in patients receiving anthracycline and taxane–based chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 23(14), 3537-43.
36. Huang, C. H., Lue, K. H., Hsıeh, T. C., Lıu, S. H., Wang, T. F., Peng, T. C. (2020). Association between sarcopenia and clinical outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer under neoadjuvant therapy. Anticancer Research, 40(2), 1175-81.
37. Van Rijn-Dekker, M. I.,Van den Bosch, L., Van den Hoek, J. G., Bijl, H. P., Van Aken, E. S., Van der Hoorn, A., et al. (2020). Impact of sarcopenia on survival and late toxicity in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 147, 103-10.
38. Richards, J., Arensberg, M. B., Thomas, S., Kerr, K. W., Hegazi, R., Bastasch, M. (2020). Impact of early incorporation of nutrition interventions as a component of cancer therapy in adults: A Review. Nutrients, 12(11).
39. Nishikawa, H., Fukunishi, S., Asai, A., Yokohama, K., Nishiguchi, S., Higuchi, K. (2021). Pathophysiology and mechanisms of primary sarcopenia (Review). Int J Mol Med, 48(2), 156.
40. Prado, C. M., Purcell, S. A., Laviano, A. (2020). Nutrition interventions to treat low muscle mass in cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 11(2), 366-80.
41. May, P. E., Barber, A., T D’Olimpio, J., Hourihane, A., Abumrad, N. N.(2002) Reversal of cancer-related wasting using oral supplementation with a combination of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, arginine, and glutamine. The American journal of surgery, 183(4), 471-9.
42. De van der Schueren, M. A., Laviano, A., Blanchard, H., Jourdan, M., Arends, J., Baracos, V. (2018). Systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for oral nutritional intervention on nutritional and clinical outcomes during chemo (radio) therapy: current evidence and guidance for design of future trials. Annals of Oncology, 29(5), 1141-53.
43. Zhang, X., Chen, H., Lu, Y., Xu, C., Yao, W., Xu, L., et al. (2020). Prevention of oxaliplatin-related neurotoxicity by omega-3 PUFAs: A double-blind randomized study of patients receiving oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine for colon cancer. Medicine (Baltimore), 99(50), 23564.
44. Zietarska, M., Krawczyk-Lipiec, J., Kraj, L., Zaucha, R., Malgorzewicz, S. (2017). Chemotherapy-related toxicity, nutritional status and quality of life in precachectic oncologic patients with, or without, high protein nutritional support. A prospective, randomized study. Nutrients, 9(10).
45. Meng, Q., Tan, S., Jiang, Y., Han, J., Xi, Q., Zhuang, Q., et al. (2021). Post-discharge oral nutritional supplements with dietary advice in patients at nutritional risk after surgery for gastric cancer: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr, 40(1), 40-6.
46. Tan, S., Meng, Q., Jiang, Y., Zhuang, Q., Xi, Q., Xu, J., et al. (2021). Impact of oral nutritional supplements in post-discharge patients at nutritional risk following colorectal cancer surgery: a randomised clinical trial. Clin Nutr

Kanserli Hastada Sarkopeni’ye Güncel Bakış

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 732 - 741, 30.09.2023

Ezime Toruk Gamze Akbulut

https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1295662

Öz

Malnütrisyon, onkoloji hastalarında tümör ya da tedaviye bağlı olarak sıklıkla gözlenmektedir. Bu hasta grubunda malnütrisyona ek olarak fiziksel hareketsizlik de eklendiğinde kas kaybının olması kaçınılmazdır. Kanser hastalarında sarkopeninin çeşitli kanser türlerine sahip hastaların sonuçlarını olumsuz etkilediği bilinmektedir. Sarkopeni teşhisinin doğru konulması açısından hastaların azalmış iskelet kası kütlesi, kuvveti ve performansının saptanması önemlidir. İskelet kas kütlesinin saptanmasında Çift enerjili X-ışını absorpsiyometrisi(DEXA), bilgisayarlı tomografi(BT), biyoelektrik impedans analizi(BİA) gibi güvenilirliği tanımlanmış yöntemlerin kullanılması önerilmektedir. Hastaların ilk tanı konulmasından itibaren vücut bileşim analizinin yapılması, beslenme durumunun değerlendirilmesi ve beslenme danışmanlığı verilmesi tedaviye uyumu, tolerasyonu ve yaşam kalitesinin arttırılmasında etkili olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kanser, Sarkopeni, Beslenme

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Kaynakça

1. Ferlay, J., Colombet, M., Soerjomataram, I., Parkin, D. M., Pineros, M., Znaor, A., et al. (2021). Cancer statistics for the year 2020: An overview. Int J Cancer.
2. Muscaritoli, M., Arends, J., Bachmann, P., Baracos, V., Barthelemy, N., Bertz, H., et al. (2021). ESPEN practical guideline: Clinical nutrition in cancer. Clin Nutr, 40(5), 2898-913.
3. Arends, J., Bachmann, P., Baracos, V., Barthelemy, N., Bertz, H., Bozzetti, F., et al. (2017). ESPEN guidelines on nutrition in cancer patients. Clin Nutr, 36(1), 11-48.
4. Au, P.C., Li, H.L., Lee, G. K., Li, G.H., Chan, M., Cheung, B. M., et al. (2021). Sarcopenia and mortality in cancer: A meta-analysis. Osteoporos Sarcopenia, 7(1), 28-33.
5. Lieffers, J.R., Bathe, O. F., Fassbender, K., Winget, M., Baracos, V. E. (2012). Sarcopenia is associated with postoperative infection and delayed recovery from colorectal cancer resection surgery. Br J Cancer, 107(6), 931-6.
6. Wong, A., Zhu, D., Kraus, D., Tham, T. (2021). Radiologically defined sarcopenia affects survival in head and neck cancer: A meta-analysis. Laryngoscope, 131(2), 333-41.
7. Cederholm, T., Barazzoni, R., Austin, P., Ballmer, P., Biolo, G., Bischoff, S. C., et al. (2017). ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition. Clin Nutr, 36(1), 49-64.
8. Cederholm, T., Jensen, G. L., Correia, M., Gonzalez, M. C., Fukushima, R., Higashiguchi, T., et al. (2019). GLIM criteria for the diagnosis of malnutrition - A consensus report from the global clinical nutrition community. Clin Nutr, 38(1), 1-9.
9. Jager-Wittenaar, H., Ottery, F. D. (2017). Assessing nutritional status in cancer: role of the Patient- Generated Subjective Global Assessment. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 20(5), 322-9.
10. Muscaritoli, M., Lucia, S., Farcomeni, A., Lorusso, V., Saracino, V., Barone, C., et al. (2017). Prevalence of malnutrition in patients at first medical oncology visit: the PreMiO study. Oncotarget, 8(45), 79884-96.
11. Davis, M. P., Panikkar, R. (2019). Sarcopenia associated with chemotherapy and targeted agents for cancer therapy. Annals of Palliative Medicine, 8(1), 86-101.
12. Wang, J., Tan, S., Wu, G. (2021). Oral nutritional supplements, physical activity, and sarcopenia in cancer. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care, 24(3), 223-8.
13. Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Bahat, G., Bauer, J., Boirie, Y., Bruyere, O., Cederholm, T., et al. (2019). Sarcopenia: revised European consensus on definition and diagnosis. Age Ageing, 48(1),16-31.
14. Cruz-Jentoft, A. J., Baeyens, J. P., Bauer, J. M., Boirie, Y., Cederholm, T., Landi, F., et al. (2010). Sarcopenia: European consensus on definition and diagnosis: Report of the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Age Ageing, 39(4), 412-23.
15. Anjanappa, M., Corden, M., Green, A., Roberts, D., Hoskin, P., McWilliam, A., et al. (2020). Sarcopenia in cancer: risking more than muscle loss. Tech Innov Patient Support Radiat Oncol, 16, 50-7.
16. Nishigori, T., Obama, K., Sakai, Y. (2020). Assessment of body composition and impact of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity in patients with gastric cancer. Translational Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 5.
17. Zopfs, D., Theurich, S., Grosse Hokamp, N., Knuever, J., Gerecht, L., Borggrefe, J., et al. (2020). Single-slice CT measurements allow for accurate assessment of sarcopenia and body composition. European Radiology, 30(3), 1701-8.
18. Mueller, T. C., Reik, L., Prokopchuk, O., Friess, H., Martignoni, M. E. (2020). Measurement of body mass by bioelectrical impedance analysis and computed tomography in cancer patients with malnutrition - a cross- sectional observational study. Medicine (Baltimore), 99(50), 23642.
19. Grossberg, A. J., Rock, C.D., Edwards, J., Mohamed, A. S., Ruzensky, D., Currie, A., et al. (2021). Bioelectrical impedance analysis as a quantitative measure of sarcopenia in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 159, 21-7.
20. Bahat, G., Aydin, C. O., Tufan, A., Karan, M. A., Cruz-Jentoft, A. J. (2021). Muscle strength cutoff values calculated from the young reference population to evaluate sarcopenia in Turkish population. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 33(10), 2879-82.
21. Vergara-Fernandez, O., Trejo-Avila, M., Salgado-Nesme, N. (2020). Sarcopenia in patients with colorectal cancer: A comprehensive review. World J Clin Cases, 8(7), 1188-202.
22. Barreto, R., Waning, D. L., Gao, H., Liu, Y., Zimmers, T. A., Bonetto, A. (2016). Chemotherapy-related cachexia is associated with mitochondrial depletion and the activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPKs. Oncotarget, 7(28), 43442-60.
23. Medici, F., Rizzo, S., Buwenge, M., Arcelli, A., Ferioli, M., Macchia, G., et al. (2022). Everything you always wanted to know about sarcopenia but were afraid to ask: a quick guide for radiation oncologists (Impact of sarcopenia in radiotherapy: The AFRAID Project). Current Oncology, 29(11), 8513-28.
24. Tang, P. L., Wang, H. H., Lin, H. S., Liu, W. S., Chen, L. M., Chou, F. H. (2018). Body composition early identifies cancer patients with radiotherapy at risk for malnutrition. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 55(3), 864-71.
25. Ryan, A. M., Prado, C. M., Sullivan, E. S., Power, D. G., Daly, L. E. (2019). Effects of weight loss and sarcopenia on response to chemotherapy, quality of life, and survival. Nutrition, 67, 110539.
26. Choi, M. H., Oh, S. N., Lee, I. K., Oh, S. T., Won, D. D. (2018). Sarcopenia is negatively associated with long- term outcomes in locally advanced rectal cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 9(1), 53-9.
27. Li Q, An T, Wu J, Lu W, Wang Y, Li J, et al. (2023). The impacts of sarcopenia on outcomes of patients with left-sided colon or rectal cancer after curative surgery. BMC Cancer, 23, 640.
28. Aro, R., Mäkäräinen-Uhlbäck, E., Ämmälä, N., Rautio, T., Ohtonen, P., Saarnio, J., et al. (2020). The impact of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on postoperative outcomes and 5-year survival in curatively operated colorectal cancer patients–a retrospective register study. European Journal of Surgical Oncology, 46(9), 1656-62.
29. Buentzel, J., Heinz, J., Bleckmann, A., Bauer, C., Rover, C., Bohnenberger, H., et al. (2019). Sarcopenia as prognostic factor in lung cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Anticancer Res, 39(9), 4603-12.
30. Deng, H. Y., Hou, L., Zha, P., Huang, K. L., Peng, L. (2019). Sarcopenia is an independent unfavorable prognostic factor of non-small cell lung cancer after surgical resection: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Surg Oncol, 45(5), 728-35.
31. Tan, B.H., Brammer, K., Randhawa, N., Welch, N.T., Parsons, S. L., James, E. J., et al. (2015). Sarcopenia is associated with toxicity in patients undergoing neo-adjuvant chemotherapy for oesophago-gastric cancer. Eur J Surg Oncol, 41(3), 333-8.
32. Qin, Z., Lu, K., Jiang, T., Wang, M., Weng, Y., Tang, X., et al. (2022). Evaluating sarcopenia by using the bioelectrical impedance analysis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia after chemotherapy. Int J Gen Med, 15, 1261-9.
33. Bozzetti, F. (2017). Forcing the vicious circle: sarcopenia increases toxicity, decreases response to chemotherapy and worsens with chemotherapy. Ann Oncol, 28(9), 2107-18.
34. Baker, S. D., Verweij, J., Rowinsky, E. K., Donehower, R. C., Schellens, J. H., Grochow, L. B., et al. (2002). Role of body surface area in dosing of investigational anticancer agents in adults, 1991–2001. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 94(24), 1883-8.
35. Shachar, S. S., Deal, A. M., Weinberg, M., Williams, G. R., Nyrop, K. A., Popuri, K., et al. (2017). Body composition as a predictor of toxicity in patients receiving anthracycline and taxane–based chemotherapy for early-stage breast cancer. Clinical Cancer Research, 23(14), 3537-43.
36. Huang, C. H., Lue, K. H., Hsıeh, T. C., Lıu, S. H., Wang, T. F., Peng, T. C. (2020). Association between sarcopenia and clinical outcomes in patients with esophageal cancer under neoadjuvant therapy. Anticancer Research, 40(2), 1175-81.
37. Van Rijn-Dekker, M. I.,Van den Bosch, L., Van den Hoek, J. G., Bijl, H. P., Van Aken, E. S., Van der Hoorn, A., et al. (2020). Impact of sarcopenia on survival and late toxicity in head and neck cancer patients treated with radiotherapy. Radiotherapy and Oncology, 147, 103-10.
38. Richards, J., Arensberg, M. B., Thomas, S., Kerr, K. W., Hegazi, R., Bastasch, M. (2020). Impact of early incorporation of nutrition interventions as a component of cancer therapy in adults: A Review. Nutrients, 12(11).
39. Nishikawa, H., Fukunishi, S., Asai, A., Yokohama, K., Nishiguchi, S., Higuchi, K. (2021). Pathophysiology and mechanisms of primary sarcopenia (Review). Int J Mol Med, 48(2), 156.
40. Prado, C. M., Purcell, S. A., Laviano, A. (2020). Nutrition interventions to treat low muscle mass in cancer. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle, 11(2), 366-80.
41. May, P. E., Barber, A., T D’Olimpio, J., Hourihane, A., Abumrad, N. N.(2002) Reversal of cancer-related wasting using oral supplementation with a combination of β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, arginine, and glutamine. The American journal of surgery, 183(4), 471-9.
42. De van der Schueren, M. A., Laviano, A., Blanchard, H., Jourdan, M., Arends, J., Baracos, V. (2018). Systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for oral nutritional intervention on nutritional and clinical outcomes during chemo (radio) therapy: current evidence and guidance for design of future trials. Annals of Oncology, 29(5), 1141-53.
43. Zhang, X., Chen, H., Lu, Y., Xu, C., Yao, W., Xu, L., et al. (2020). Prevention of oxaliplatin-related neurotoxicity by omega-3 PUFAs: A double-blind randomized study of patients receiving oxaliplatin combined with capecitabine for colon cancer. Medicine (Baltimore), 99(50), 23564.
44. Zietarska, M., Krawczyk-Lipiec, J., Kraj, L., Zaucha, R., Malgorzewicz, S. (2017). Chemotherapy-related toxicity, nutritional status and quality of life in precachectic oncologic patients with, or without, high protein nutritional support. A prospective, randomized study. Nutrients, 9(10).
45. Meng, Q., Tan, S., Jiang, Y., Han, J., Xi, Q., Zhuang, Q., et al. (2021). Post-discharge oral nutritional supplements with dietary advice in patients at nutritional risk after surgery for gastric cancer: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Nutr, 40(1), 40-6.
46. Tan, S., Meng, Q., Jiang, Y., Zhuang, Q., Xi, Q., Xu, J., et al. (2021). Impact of oral nutritional supplements in post-discharge patients at nutritional risk following colorectal cancer surgery: a randomised clinical trial. Clin Nutr

Toplam 46 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil	Türkçe
Konular	Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm	Derleme Makaleler
Yazarlar	Ezime Toruk 0000-0003-2238-7202 Gamze Akbulut 0000-0003-0197-1573
Proje Numarası	yok
Erken Görünüm Tarihi	1 Ekim 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi	30 Eylül 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2023 Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA	Toruk, E., & Akbulut, G. (2023). Kanserli Hastada Sarkopeni’ye Güncel Bakış. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi Dergisi, 7(3), 732-741. https://doi.org/10.46237/amusbfd.1295662

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