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Embryology and Histology of The Parathyroid Glands

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 11 - 13, 31.12.2022

Öz

The parathyroid glands are endocrine organs that regulate serum calcium and bone metabolism. These glands are endodermal in origin. They develop from the third and fourth pharyngeal sacs between the fifth and 12th weeks of gestation. Chief cells and oxyphil cells are two parenchymal epithelial cells. Chief cells secrete parathormone that are the predominant and abundant cells in the parathyroid glands. Oxyphil cells are thought to be degenerating chief cells. Except these cells, there are many fat cells in the stroma and parenchyma that appears in adolescent period and increase with age.

Kaynakça

  • M. H. Ross and W. Pawlina, Histology: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006.
  • P. L. DiPatre, D. Carter, and S. S. Sternberg, Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology Review: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004.
  • R. Arrangoiz, F. Cordera, D. Caba, M. M. Juárez, E. Moreno, and E. Luque, "Parathyroid embryology, anatomy, and pathophysiology of primary hyperparathyroidism," International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, vol. 6, pp. 39-58, 2017.
  • G. W. Randolph, Surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands: expert consult premium edition-enhanced online features and print: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012.
  • T. Fancy, D. Gallagher, and J. D. Hornig, "Surgical anatomy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands," Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 43, pp. 221-227, 2010.
  • L. M. Ernst, E. D. Ruchelli, and D. S. Huff, Color atlas of fetal and neonatal histology: Springer Science & Business Media, 2011.
  • L. A. Erickson, Atlas of endocrine pathology: Springer Science & Business Media, 2014.
  • L. P. Gartner, Textbook of histology e-book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2020.
  • A. L. Shifrin, L. D. Neistadt, and P. K. Thind, Atlas of parathyroid imaging and pathology: Springer Nature, 2020.
  • V. P. Eroschenko and M. S. Di Fiore, DiFiore's atlas of histology with functional correlations: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013.
  • S. Mulroney and A. Myers, Netter's Essential Physiology E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015.
  • B. L. Munger and S. I. Roth, "The cytology of the normal parathyroid glands of man and Virginia deer: a light and electron microscopic study with morphologic evidence of secretory activity," The Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 16, pp. 379-400, 1963.
  • J. S. Lowe, P. G. Anderson, and S. Anderson, Stevens & Lowe's Human Histology-E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2018.
  • B. Young, P. Woodford, and G. O'Dowd, Wheater's functional histology E-Book: a text and colour atlas: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2013.
  • L. M. Buja and G. R. Krueger, Netter's Illustrated Human Pathology Updated Edition E-book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2013.

Paratiroid Bezlerinin Embriyolojisi ve Histolojisi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 11 - 13, 31.12.2022

Öz

Paratiroid bezleri serum kalsiyumunu ve kemik metabolizmasını düzenleyen endokrin organlardır. Bu bezler endodermal kökenlidir. Gebeliğin beşinci ve 12. haftaları arasında, üçüncü ve dördüncü faringeal keselerden gelişirler. Şef hücreler ve oksifil hücreler, iki parankimal epitel hücresidir. Şef hücreler, paratiroid bezlerinde baskın ve bol miktarda bulunan hücrelerdir ve parathormon salgılar. Oxyphil hücrelerinin dejenere olan şef hücreleri olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu hücrelerin dışında, stroma ve parankimde, adölesan dönemde ortaya çıkan ve yaşla birlikte artan çok sayıda yağ hücresi bulunur.

Kaynakça

  • M. H. Ross and W. Pawlina, Histology: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2006.
  • P. L. DiPatre, D. Carter, and S. S. Sternberg, Sternberg's Diagnostic Surgical Pathology Review: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004.
  • R. Arrangoiz, F. Cordera, D. Caba, M. M. Juárez, E. Moreno, and E. Luque, "Parathyroid embryology, anatomy, and pathophysiology of primary hyperparathyroidism," International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, vol. 6, pp. 39-58, 2017.
  • G. W. Randolph, Surgery of the thyroid and parathyroid glands: expert consult premium edition-enhanced online features and print: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2012.
  • T. Fancy, D. Gallagher, and J. D. Hornig, "Surgical anatomy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands," Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America, vol. 43, pp. 221-227, 2010.
  • L. M. Ernst, E. D. Ruchelli, and D. S. Huff, Color atlas of fetal and neonatal histology: Springer Science & Business Media, 2011.
  • L. A. Erickson, Atlas of endocrine pathology: Springer Science & Business Media, 2014.
  • L. P. Gartner, Textbook of histology e-book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2020.
  • A. L. Shifrin, L. D. Neistadt, and P. K. Thind, Atlas of parathyroid imaging and pathology: Springer Nature, 2020.
  • V. P. Eroschenko and M. S. Di Fiore, DiFiore's atlas of histology with functional correlations: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2013.
  • S. Mulroney and A. Myers, Netter's Essential Physiology E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2015.
  • B. L. Munger and S. I. Roth, "The cytology of the normal parathyroid glands of man and Virginia deer: a light and electron microscopic study with morphologic evidence of secretory activity," The Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 16, pp. 379-400, 1963.
  • J. S. Lowe, P. G. Anderson, and S. Anderson, Stevens & Lowe's Human Histology-E-Book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2018.
  • B. Young, P. Woodford, and G. O'Dowd, Wheater's functional histology E-Book: a text and colour atlas: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2013.
  • L. M. Buja and G. R. Krueger, Netter's Illustrated Human Pathology Updated Edition E-book: Elsevier Health Sciences, 2013.
Toplam 15 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Seçil Nazife Parlak 0000-0001-9577-986X

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

EndNote Parlak SN (01 Aralık 2022) Embryology and Histology of The Parathyroid Glands. Anatolian Journal of Biology 3 2 11–13.