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Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 52 - 68, 31.12.2020

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Antimicrobial Activity and Other Biological Properties of Oregano Essential Oil and Carvacrol

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 52 - 68, 31.12.2020

Öz

Oregano species, especially members of Origanum genus, have drawn attentions owing to their various biological activities for the last decades besides their traditional uses as flavoring herb in many cuisines throughout ages in human history. These activities are mainly dependent on type and content of the extract as well as oregano species. Essential oils extracted from oreganos are well-known bioactive agents characterized by a broad spectrum of activities ranged from antimicrobial to insecticidal. Phytochemical studies revealed that oregano essential oil is composed of mainly these bioactive compounds: terpenoids, phenolic acids, triterpene acids, hydroquinones, flavonoids, hydrocarbons, sterols, pigments, fatty acids, tocopherols, and inorganic compounds, which are responsible for the bioactivities. The monoterpene carvacrol constitutes around 50% of the oregano essential oil. In this context, present chapter was conducted to review oregano essential oil and its major active component carvacrol.

Kaynakça

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  • Mezzoug, N., Elhadri, A., Dallouh, A., Amkiss, S., Skali, N.S., Abrini, J., Zhiri, A., Baudoux, D., Diallo, B., El Jaziri, A., et al. (2007). Investigation of the mutagenic and antimutagenic effects of Origanum compactum essential oil and some of its constituents. Mutat Res-Gen Tox En 629, 100-110.
  • Miller, A.B., Cates, R.G., Lawrence, M., Soria, J.A.F., Espinoza, L.V., Martinez, J.V., and Arbizu, D.A. (2015). The antibacterial and antifungal activity of essential oils extracted from Guatemalan medicinal plants. Pharm Biol 53, 548-554.
  • Mith, H., Clinquart, A., Zhiri, A., Daube, G., and Delcenserie, V. (2015). The impact of oregano (Origanum heracleoticum) essential oil and carvacrol on virulence gene transcription by Escherichia coli O157:H7. FEMS Microbiol Lett 362, 1-7.
  • Mitropoulou, G., Fitsiou, E., Stavropoulou, E., Papavassilopoulou, E., Vamvakias, M., Pappa, A., Oreopoulou, A., and Kourkoutas, Y. (2015). Composition, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiproliferative activity of Origanum dictamnus (dittany) essential oil. Microb. Ecol. Health Dis. 1, 1–9.
  • Mossa, A.T.H., Refaie, A.A., Ramadan, A., and Bouajila, J. (2013). Antimutagenic Effect of Origanum majorana L. Essential Oil Against Prallethrin-Induced Genotoxic Damage in Rat Bone Marrow Cells. J Med Food 16, 1101-1107.
  • Mueller, M., Lukas, B., Novak, J., Simoncini, T., Genazzani, A.R., and Jungbauer, A. (2008). Oregano: a source for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma antagonists. J. Agric. Food Chem. 56, 11621–11630.
  • Nardoni, S., Costanzo, A.G., Mugnaini, L., Pisseri, F., Rocchigiani, G., Papini, R., and Mancianti, F. (2016). An open-field study comparing an essential oil-based shampoo with miconazole/chlorhexidine for hair coat disinfection in cats with spontaneous microsporiasis. J. Feline Med. Surg. 1–5.
  • Okmen, G., Ugur, A., Sarac, N., and Arslan, T. (2012). In vivo and In vitro Antibacterial Activities of Some Essential Oils of Lamiaceae Species on Aeromonas salmonicida Isolates from Cultured Rainbow Trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. J Anim Vet Adv 11, 2762-2768.
  • Oliva, M.D., Carezzano, M.E., Giuliano, M., Daghero, J., Zygadlo, J., Bogino, P., Giordano, W., and Demo, M. (2015). Antimicrobial activity of essential oils of Thymus vulgaris and Origanum vulgare on phytopathogenic strains isolated from soybean. Plant Biology 17, 758-765.
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  • Ouedrhiri, W., Balouiri, M., Bouhdid, S., Moja, S., Chandi, F.O., Taleb, M., and Greche, H. (2016). Mixture design of Origanum compactum, Origanum majorana and Thymus serpyllum essential oils: Optimization of their antibacterial effect. Ind Crop Prod 89, 1-9.
  • Ozbek, T., Gulluce, M., Sahin, F., Ozkan, H., Sevsay, S., and Baris, O. (2008). Investigation of the Antimutagenic Potentials of the Methanol Extract of Origanum vulgare L. subsp vulgare in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Turk J Biol 32, 271-276.
  • Ozcan, M.M., and Chalchat, J.C. (2009). Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Properties of the Essential Oil of Origanum saccatum L. J Food Safety 29, 617-628.
  • Ozcan, M.M., and Ozkan, G. (2015). Antibacterial effects of Istanbul thyme (Origanum vulgare L. subsp hirtum (Link) letsw.) and Karabas thyme (Thymbra spicata L. var. spicata) extracts. J Food Saf Food Qual 66, 177-181.
  • Ozkalp, B., Sevgi, F., Ozcan, M., and Ozcan, M.M. (2010). The antibacterial activity of essential oil of oregano (Origanum vulgare L.). J Food Agric Environ 8, 272-274.
  • Ozkan, G., Sagdic, O., Ekici, L., Ozturk, I., and Ozcan, M.M. (2007). Phenolic compounds of Origanum sipyleum L. extract, and its antioxidant and antibacterial activities. J Food Lipids 14, 157-169.
  • Pahlavan, Y., Sepehri, G., Sheibani, V., Afarinesh Khaki, M.R., Gojazadeh, M., Pahlavan, B., and Pahlavan, F. (2013). Study the antinociceptive effect of intracerebroventricular injection of aqueous extract of Origanum vulgare leaves in rat: Possible involvement of opioid system. Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci. 16, 1109–1113.
  • Peixoto-Neves, D., Silva-Alves, K.S., Gomes, M.D.M., Lima, F.C., Lahlou, S., Magalhaes, P.J.C., Ceccatto, V.M., Coelho-de-Souza, A.N., and Leal-Cardosoa, J.H. (2010). Vasorelaxant effects of the monoterpenic phenol isomers, carvacrol and thymol, on rat isolated aorta. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol. 24, 341–350.
  • Peñalvo, G.C., Robledo, V.R., Callado, C.S., and Lozano, M.V. (2016). Improving green enrichment of virgin olive oil by oregano. Effects on antioxidants. Food Chem. 197, 509–515.
  • Pesavento, G., Maggini, V., Maida, I., Lo Nostro, A., Calonico, C., Sassoli, C., Perrin, E., Fondi, M., Mengoni, A., Chiellini, C., et al. (2016). Essential Oil from Origanum vulgare Completely Inhibits the Growth of Multidrug-Resistant Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens. Nat Prod Commun 11, 861-864.
  • Pezo, D., Salafranca, J., and Nerin, C. (2008). Determination of the antioxidant capacity of active food packagings by in situ gas-phase hydroxyl radical generation and high-performance liquid chromatography–fluorescence detection. J. Chromatogr. A 1178, 126–133.
  • Qari, S.H. (2008). Assessment of Antimutagenic and Genotoxic Potential of Origanum majorana Aqueous Extract using in vitro Assays. Saudi J Biol Sci 15, 207-212.
  • Rao, A., Zhang, Y., Muend, S., and Rao, R. (2010). Mechanism of Antifungal Activity of Terpenoid Phenols Resembles Calcium Stress and Inhibition of the TOR Pathway. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 5062–5069.
  • Rieusset, J., Touri, F., Michalik, L., Escher, P., Desvergne, B., Niesor, E., and Wahli, W. (2002). A New Selective Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Antagonist with Antiobesity and Antidiabetic Activity. Mol Endocrinol 16, 2628–44.
  • Rivero-cruz, I., Duarte, G., Navarrete, A., Bye, R., Linares, E., and Mata, R. (2011). Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial and Spasmolytic Properties of Poliomintha longiflora and Lippia graveolens Essential Oils. J. Food Sci. 76, 309–317.
  • Rosato, A., Piarulli, M., Corbo, F., Muraglia, M., Carone, A., Vitali, M.E., and Vitali, C. (2010). In Vitro Synergistic Action of Certain Combinations of Gentamicin and Essential Oils. Curr Med Chem 17, 3289-3295.
  • Rossi, C., Paparella, A., Mazzarrino, G., Sacchetti, G., Guerrieri, O., and Serio, A. (2016). Chitosan boosts the antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare essential oil in modified atmosphere packaged pork. Food Microbiol. 59, 23–31.
  • Saeed, S., and Tariq, P. (2009). Antibacterial Activity of Oregano (Origanum vulgare Linn) against Gram Positive Bacteria. Pak J Pharm Sci 22, 421-424.
  • Sagdic, O. (2003). Sensitivity of four pathogenic bacteria to Turkish thyme and oregano hydrosols. Lebensm-Wiss Technol 36, 467-473.
  • Santos, M.R. V., Moreira, F. V., Fraga, B.P., Sousa, D.P. De, Bonjardim, L.R., and Quintans-Junior, L.J. (2011). Cardiovascular effects of monoterpenes: a review. Brazilian J. Pharmacogn. 21, 764–771.
  • Sarac, N., and Ugur, A. (2008). Antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Origanum onites L., Origanum vulgare L. subspecies hirtum (Link) Ietswaart, Satureja thymbra L., and Thymus cilicicus Boiss. & Bal. growing wild in Turkey. J Med Food 11, 568-573.
  • Scandorieiro, S., de Camargo, L.C., Lancheros, C.A., Yamada-Ogatta, S.F., Nakamura, C.V., de Oliveira, A.G., Andrade, C.G., Duran, N., Nakazato, G., and Kobayashi, R.K. (2016). Synergistic and Additive Effect of Oregano Essential Oil and Biological Silver Nanoparticles against Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Strains. Front Microbiol 7, 760.
  • Shang, X., Wang, Y., Zhou, X., Guo, X., Dong, S., Wang, D., Zhang, J., Pan, H., Zhang, Y., and Miao, X. (2016). Acaricidal activity of oregano oil and its major component, carvacrol, thymol and p-cymene against Psoroptes cuniculi in vitro and in vivo. Vet. Parasitol. 226, 93–96.
  • Silva, M.T.M., Ribeiro, F.P.R.A., Medeiros, M.A.M.B., Sampaio, P.A., Silva, Y.M.S., Silva, M.T.A., Quintans, J.S.S., and Ribeiro, L.A.A. (2015). The Vasorelaxant Effect of p-Cymene in Rat Aorta Involves Potassium Channels. Sci. World J. 2015, 6–11.
  • Sivaranjani, A., Sivagami, G., and Nalini, N. (2016). Chemopreventive effect of carvacrol on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. J. Cancer Res. Ther. 12, 755–762.
  • Sokmen, M., Serkedjieva, J., Daferera, D., Gulluce, M., Polissiou, M., Tepe, B., Akpulat, H.A., Sahin, F., and Sokmen, A. (2004). In vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities of the essential oil and various extracts from herbal parts and callus cultures of Origanum acutidens. J Agr Food Chem 52, 3309-3312.
  • Sokovic, M., Glamoclija, J., Marin, P.D., Brkic, D., and van Griensven, L.J.L.D. (2010). Antibacterial Effects of the Essential Oils of Commonly Consumed Medicinal Herbs Using an In Vitro Model. Molecules 15, 7532-7546.
  • Soylu, S., Yigitbas, H., and Soylu, E.M. (2007). Antifungal effects of essential oils from oregano and fennel on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. J. Appl. Microbiol. 103, 1021–1030.
  • Starliper, C.E., Ketola, H.G., Noyes, A.D., Schill, W.B., Henson, F.G., Chalupnicki, M.A., and Dittman, D.E. (2015). An investigation of the bactericidal activity of selected essential oils to Aeromonas spp. J Adv Res 6, 89-97.
  • Takanashi, H., Kishida, M., Abiru, K., Kondo, T., Kameya, T., Matsushita, T., Nakajima, T., Ohki, A. (2013). A screening study on the mutagen formation potential of 44 pesticides. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology – Aqua 62, 14–22.
  • Talpur, N., Echard, B., Ingram, C., Bagchi, D., and Preuss, H. (2005). Effects of a novel formulation of essential oils on glucose– insulin metabolism in diabetic and hypertensive rats: a pilot study. # 2004 Blackwell Publ. Ltd Diabetes, Obes. Metab. 7, 193–199.
  • Tepe, B., Cakir, A., and Tepe, A.S. (2016). Medicinal Uses, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Origanum onites (L.): A Review. Chem Biodivers 13, 504-520.
  • Tepe, B., Daferera, D., Sokmen, M., Polissiou, M., and Sokmen, A. (2004). The in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil and various extracts of Origanum syriacum L var bevanii. J Sci Food Agr 84, 1389-1396.
  • Valente, J.S., Fonseca, A.O.S., Denardi, L.B., Dal Ben, V.S., Maia Filho, F.S., Zambrano, C.G., Braga, C.Q., Alves, S.H., Botton, S.A., and Brayer Pereira, D.I. (2016). In vitro activity of antifungals in combination with essential oils against the oomycete Pythium insidiosum. J. Appl. Microbiol. 121, 998–1003.
  • Van Den Broucke, C.O., and Lemli, J.A. (1982). Antispasmodic activity of Origanum compactum. Planta Med. 45, 188–190.
  • Vokou, D., Vareltzidou, S., and Katinakis, P. (1993). Effects of Aromatic Plants on Potato Storage-Sprout Suppression and Antimicrobial Activity. Agr Ecosyst Environ 47, 223-235.
  • Vujicic, M., Nikolic, I., Kontogianni, V.G., Saksida, T., Charisiadis, P., Orescanin-dusic, Z., Blagojevic, D., Stosic-grujicic, S., Tzakos, A.G., and Stojanovic, I. (2015). Methanolic extract of Origanum vulgare ameliorates type 1 diabetes through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity. Br. J. Nutr. 113, 770–782.
  • Vujicic, M., Nikolic, I., Kontogianni, V.G., Saksida, T., Charisiadis, P., Vasic, B., Stosic-Grujicic, S., Gerothanassis, I.P., Tzakos, A.G., and Stojanovic, I. (2016). Ethyl Acetate Extract of Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum Prevents Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in C57BL/6 Mice. J. Food Sci. 81, H1846–H1853.
  • Zheng, Z.L., Tan, J.Y.W., Liu, H.Y., Zhou, X.H., Xiang, X., and Wang, K.Y. (2009). Evaluation of oregano essential oil (Origanum heracleoticum L.) on growth, antioxidant effect and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). Aquaculture 292, 214-218.
  • Zou, Y., Wang, J., Peng, J., and Wei, H. (2016). Oregano Essential Oil Induces SOD1 and GSH Expression through Nrf2 Activation and Alleviates Hydrogen Peroxide-Induced Oxidative Damage in IPEC-J2 Cells. Oxid. Med. Cell. Longev. 2016, 1–13.
Toplam 130 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yapısal Biyoloji
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Mehmet Karadayı

Volkan Yıldırım

Medine Güllüce

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

EndNote Karadayı M, Yıldırım V, Güllüce M (01 Aralık 2020) Antimicrobial Activity and Other Biological Properties of Oregano Essential Oil and Carvacrol. Anatolian Journal of Biology 1 2 52–68.