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Sporcularda Hedef Bağlılığı Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 140 - 159, 23.04.2024

Abstract

Spor alanındaki başarıyı artırmak hedeflendiğinde, sadece fiziksel değil psikolojik etkenlerin de önemli olduğunu Konter (2003)’de ortaya koymuştur. Locke ve ark.(1981) hedefleri “belirli bir zaman içinde, görevde kazanmaya özel standartlaşmış beceri” olarak tanımlarlar. Sonuç hedefleri, maçı veya müsabakayı kazanma, müsabaka sonucunda madalya kazanma ya da rakipten yüksek skora ulaşma gibi müsabaka sonucuna odaklanır. Sonuçta, rakibe üstün gelmek, sporcunun müsabaka içinde oyun becerisine ve yeteneğinin dışında sadece kişisel çabasına bağlıdır. Hedef belirlemenin üst seviyede performansı arttırdığının göstergesidir. Weinberg ve Gould Locke'un bir hedefi "bireyin başarmaya çalıştığı şeyin nesnesi veya bireyin eyleminin hedefi " olarak tanımladığını belirtmişlerdir. "Hedefler bizleri yeni daha yüksek ufuklara taşır. Gözlerimize odaklanmayı, zihnimize nişan almayı ve gücümüze amaç katarlar. Diğer alanlarda olduğu gibi spor alanında da yapılan araştırmalar hedef belirlemenin verimin artması ve başarıya ulaşılması için önemli bir izlem olduğunu ortaya koymuştur (Horn, T., 2008; Singer, R., Hauseblas, H. & Janelle, C., 2001). Sporcu bir hedefe bağlandığında ise belirlenen hedef için gerekli gayreti ve çabayı göstermesine neden olabilmektedir. Sporcu bu durumda kişisel antrenman hedefleri belirleyerek performansını yüksek seviyelere çıkarabilir ve başarılı olmak konusunda sonuca hedefleri doğrultusunda varabilir. Hedef tayin edilme süreci tamamlandıktan sonra sporcu bir tür bağlılık geliştirir. Sporculara belirli bir hedef belirlendiğinde hedefe ulaşmak ve başarılı olmak için efor süresinin arttığı da görülmüştür. Hâlbuki hedeflenen beceriyi geliştirmek için çok uzun süreler çaba sarf etmek ve çalışmak gereklidir. Hedef belirlenmesi ve hedef bağlılığının olması neticesinde sporcunun uzun süreler pes etmeden, sıkılmadan, yılgınlık duymadan bu şutu başarılı gerçekleştirmek için çalışmasını sağlayabilmektedir.

Thanks

Yavuz ÖNTÜRK

References

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Year 2024, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 140 - 159, 23.04.2024

Abstract

References

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  • Burton, D. ve Naylor, S. (2002). The Jekyll/ Hyde nature of goals: Revisiting and updating goalsetting in sport. Advances in Sport Psychology. (Edt): Horn, T. S. (Second edition). Illinois: Human Kinetics Books. Sf. 459-496.
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  • Chen, G., Kanfer, R., DeShon, R. P., Mathieu, J. E., & Kozlowski, S. W. (2009). The motivating potential of teams: Test and extension of cross-level model of motivation in teams. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 110(1), 45-55.
  • Costa, S., Coppolino, P., & Oliva, P. (2016). Exercise dependence and maladaptive perfectionism: The mediating role of basic psychological needs. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 14, 241-256.
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  • Durdubaş, D. (2013). Bir Sezon Boyunca Takım Hedef Belirleme Yoluyla Uygulanan Takım Oluşturma Müdahalesinin Takım Sargınlığı Ve Motivasyonel İklim Üzerine Etkisinin Belirlenmesi.
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  • Farr, J. L., Hoffman, D. A., ve Ringenbach, K. L. (1993). Goal Orientation And Action Control Theory: Implications For Industrial And Organizational Psychology. International Review of Industrial And Organizational Psychology, 8, 193–232.
  • Felton L, Jowett S. The mediating role of social environmental factors in the associations between attachment styles and basic needs satisfaction. Journal of Sports Sciences. 2013 Mar 1;31(6):618-28.
  • Fernandes NE, Correia AH, Abreu AM, Biscaia R. Relationship between sport commitment and sport consumer behavior. Motricidade. 2013;9(4):2-11.
  • Flett GL, Hewitt PL, Blankstein KR, Mosher SW. Perfectionism, life events, and depressive symptoms: A test of a diathesis-stress model. Current Psychology. 1995 Jun 1;14(2):112-37.
  • Flett GL, Hewitt PL. The perils of perfectionism in sports and exercise. Current directions in psychological science. 2005 Feb;14(1):14-8.
  • Frost RO, Marten P, Lahart C, Rosenblate R. The dimensions of perfectionism. Cognitive therapy and research. 1990 Oct;14(5):449-68.
  • Gagliardi, A.G., Walker, G.A., Dahab, K.S., Seehusen, C.N., Provance, A.J., Albright, J.C., ve Howell, D.R. (2020). Sports participation volume and psychosocial outcomes among healthy high school athletes. Journal of Clinical and Translational Research. 6, 54–60.
  • Gill, D. (1986). Psychological Dynamics of Sport. Illinois: Human Kinetics Books
  • Gist, M. E., ve Stevens, C. K. (1998). Effects Of Practice Conditions And Supplemental Training Method On Cognitive Learning And İnterpersonal Skill Generalization. Organizational Behavior And Human Decision Processes, 75, 142-169.
  • Gotwals JK, Spencer-Cavaliere N. Intercollegiate perfectionistic athletes’ perspectives on achievement: Contributions to the understanding and assessment of perfectionism in sport. International Journal of Sport Psychology. 2014 Jul 1;45(4):271-97.
  • Gotwals JK, Stoeber J, Dunn JG, Stoll O. Are perfectionistic strivings in sport adaptive? A systematic review of confirmatory, contradictory, and mixed evidence. Canadian Psychology/Psychologie canadienne. 2012 Nov;53(4):263.
  • Gould, D. (1993). Goal setting for pesk performance. In Willias, J. M. (Ed) Applied Sprot Psychology: Personal Growth to Peak Performance. pp 158-165.
  • Guay F, Chanal J, Ratelle CF, Marsh HW, Larose S, Boivin M. Intrinsic, identified, and controlled types of motivation for school subjects in young elementary school children. British Journal of Educational Psychology. 2010 Dec;80(4):711-35.
  • Guillén, F. and Martínez-Alvarado, J. R. (2014). The Sport Engagement Scale: An Adaptation of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) for the Sports Environment. Universitas Psychologica. 13(3), 975-984.
  • Hamachek DE. Psychodynamics of normal and neurotic perfectionism. Psychology: A Journal of Human Behavior. 1978 Feb.
  • Hardy L, Jones JG, Gould D. Understanding psychological preparation for sport: Theory and practice of elite performers. John Wiley & Sons Inc; 1996.
  • Hodge K, Lonsdale C, Jackson SA. Athlete engagement in elite sport: An exploratory investigation of antecedents and consequences. The Sport Psychologist. 2009 Jun 1;23(2):186-202.
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There are 84 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sports Science and Exercise (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ömer Faruk Koca 0009-0009-5482-7947

Early Pub Date April 3, 2024
Publication Date April 23, 2024
Submission Date March 3, 2024
Acceptance Date April 3, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Koca, Ö. F. (2024). Sporcularda Hedef Bağlılığı Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Yalova Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(1), 140-159.