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Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine

Year 2017, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 117 - 121, 20.08.2017

Abstract

Stem
cells are promising alternatives in chronic diseases of animals as well as
humans. Stem cells has two differentiating characteristics; First, they are
unspecilized cells with the self renewing capacity by cell division, even after
long periods of inactivity. Second, they differentiate to tissue or organ
spesific cells with speciliazed functions, under physiologic or culture
conditions. Stem cells provide the potential for many outstanding subjects such
as gene targeting, cloning, chimera production and transgenic animal formation.
The ability of stem cells to differentiate to 200 different cell types in the
organism places them to a major step among theraupetic agents. Literature
establishes that stem cell therapy is a feasible regenerative alternative.
Several companies in Turkey supplies safe and licensed products. Among the stem
cells, those with the best chance of therapeutic success are the mesentheric
stem cells (isolated from bone marrow or adipose tissue), due to their ability
to promote tissue repair, activation of paracrine factors, immunomodulation,
and perception of the cell homing signaling. These cells are predominantly
preferred in pets for bone diseases, tendons and cartilage, muscles, and other
tissues. Stem cell therapy must be more prevalantly used in companion animal
medicine, certainly by the skilled practitioners and standartized and licenced
material. This review summarizes the current literature and endications of stem
cell therapy in veterinary medicine.

References

  • Appasani K, Raghu K (2011). Appasani Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine ISBN 978-1-60761-859-1, p3-337, DOI 10.1007/978-1-60761-860-7 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4516920. Arinzeh T L, Peter S J, Archambault MP, Bos C, Gordon S, Kraus K, Smith A, Kadiyala S (2003). Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regenerate Bone in a Critical-Sized Canine Segmental Defect. J Bone Joint Surg, 85, 1927-1935. Awad H, Butler D, Boivin G, Smith FN, Malaviya P, Huibregtse B, Caplan AI (1999). Autologous mesenchymal stem cell mediated repair of tendon. Tissue Eng, 5, 267-277. Azari O, Babaei H, Derakhshanfar A, Nematollahi-Mahani S, Poursahebi R, Moshrefi M (2011). Effects of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton's jelly of caprine umbilical cord on cutaneous wound healing; histopathological evaluation. Vet Res Comm, 35(4), 211-222(12). Bach FH, Albertini R J, Joo P, Anderson J L, Bortin MM (1968). Marquette Bone-marrow transplantation in a patient with the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome. Lancet, 2, 1364-1366. Ben-Hur T, Idelson M, Khaner H, Pera M, Reinhartz E, Itzik A, Reubinoff BE (2004). Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell derived neural progenitors improves behavioral decit in parkinsonian rats. Stem Cells, 22, 1246-1255. Black LL, Gaynor J, Gahring D, Adams C (2007). Effect of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem and Regenerative Cells on Lameness in Dogs with Chronic Osteoarthritis of the Coxofemoral Joints: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Multicenter Controlled Trial. Vet Therapy, 8, 4. Boiani M, Scholer HR (2005). Regulatory networks in embryo-derived pluripotent stem cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 6(11), 872-84. Caplan AI (1991). Mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res, 9(5), 641-650. Choi S, Park M, Kim J, Hwang S, Park S, Lee Y (2009). The role of mesenchymal stem cells in the functional improvement of chronic renal failure. Stem Cells Dev, 18(3), 521-529. Dasari VR, Spomar DG, Gondi CS, Sloffer CA, Saving KL, Gujrati M, Rao JS, Dinh DH (2007). Axonal remyelination by cord blood stem cells after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma, 24, 391–410. Dattena M, Pilichi S, Rocca S, Mara L, Casu S, Masala G, Manunta L, Manunta A, Passino ES, Pool RR, Cappai P (2009). Sheep embryonic stem-like cells transplanted in full-thickness cartilage defects. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 3(3), 175-187. Deak E, Seifried E, Henschler R (2010). Homing pathways of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their role in clinical applications. International Reviews of Immunology, 29(5), 514–529. Deng YB, Liu XG, Liu ZG, Liu XL, Liu, Y, Zhou GQ (2006). Implantation of BM mesenchymal stem cells into injured spinal cord elicits de novo neurogenesis and functional recovery: evidence from a study in rhesus monkeys. Cytotherapy, 8, 210–214. Dobrinski I, Travis AJ (2007). Germ cell transplantation for the propagation of companion animals, non-domestic and endangered species. Reprod Fertil Dev, 19, 732–739. Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I (2006). Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy, 8(4), 315-317. Friedenstein AJ, Chailakhjan RK, Lalykina KS (1970). The development of broblast colonies in monolayer cultures of guinea-pig bone marrow and spleen cells. Cell Tissue Kinet, 3, 393-403. Frisbie DD, Smith RK (2010). Clinical update on the use of mesenchymal stem cells in equine orthopaedics. Equine Vet J, 42(1), 86-89. Gade NE, Pratheesh MD, Nath A, Dubey PK, Amarpal G, Sharma T (2012). Therapeutic potential of stem cells in veterinary practice. Vet World, 5(8), 499-507. Garbern JC, Lee RT (2013). Cardiac stem cell therapy and the promise of heart regeneration. Cell Stem Cell, 12(6), 689-98. Ghaderi A (2011). Treatment of osteoarthritis with infrapatellar fat pad derived mesenchymal stem cells in Rabbit. Knee, 18(2), 715. Jeong JH, Ki YW, Kim JY, Jan SH, Kim SH, Chang Y (2005). Adipose Tissue Derived MSC Enhances Motor Function in Rats with Cerebral Infarction. IFATS Oral Presentation. Jiang Y, Vaessen B, Lenvik T, Blackstad M, Reyes M, Verfaillie CM (2002). Multipotent progenitor cells can be isolated from postnatal murine bone marrow, muscle, and brain. Exp Hematol, 30, 896-904. Jung D, Ha J, Kang BT, Kim JW, Quan FS, Lee JH, Woo EJ, Park HM (2009). A comparison of autologous and allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in canine spinal cord injury. J Neurolog Sci, 285(1), 67-77. Koch TG, Berg LC, Betts DH (2009). Current and future regenerative medicine, principles concepts, and therapeutic use of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering in equine medicine. Can Vet, 50(2), 155-65. Kon E, Muraglia A, Corsi A, Bianco P, Marcacci M, Martin I, Boyde A, Ruspantini I, Chistolini P, Rocca M, Giardino R, Cancedda R, Quarto R (2000). Autologous bone marrow stromal cells loaded onto porous hydroxyapatite ceramic accelerate bone repair in critical-size defects of sheep long bones. J Biomed Mater Res, 49(3), 328–337. Kraus KH, Kirker C (2006). Mesenchymal stemcell andbone regeneration. Vet surg, 35, 232-242. Laflamme MA, Gold J, Xu C, Hassanipour M, Rosler E, Police S, Muskheli V, Murry CE (2005). Formation of human myocardium in the rat heart from human embryonic stem cells. Am J Pathol, 167, 663-671. Lee KB, Choi J, Cho SB, Chung JY, Mo ES, Kim NS, Han HJ (2011). Topical embryonic stem cells enhance wound healing in diabetic rats. J Orthop Res, 29: N/A Lee HB, Chung YS, Heo SY, Kim NS (2009). Augmentation of bone healing of nonunion fracture using stem cell based tissue engineering in a dog: a case report. Veterinarni Medicina, 54(4), 198–203. Liu X, Li X, Fan Y, Zhang G, Li D, Dong W, Sha Z, Yu X, Feng Q, Cui F, Watari F (2010). Repairing goat tibia segmental bone defect using scaffold cultured with mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 94(1), 44-52. Markoski MM (2016). Advances in the Use of Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. Scientifica, Article ID 4516920. Menard C, Hagege AA, Agbulut O (2005). Transplantation of cardiac-committed mouse embryonic stem cells to infarcted sheep myocardium: a preclinical study. Lancet, 366, 1005-1012. Min J, Yang Y, Sullivan MF, Ke Q, Converso KL, Chen Y, Morgan JP, Xiao Y (2003). Long-term improvement of cardiac function in rats after infarction by transplantation of embryonic stem cells. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 125, 361- 369. Nixon AJ, Dahlgren LA, Haupt J L, Yeager AE, Ward DL (2008). Effect of adipose-derived nucleated cell fractions on tendon repair in horses with collagenase-induced tendinitis. Am J Vet Res, 69(7), 928-937. Oloumi MM, Derakhshanfar A, Shemali H, Shavalian M (2008). The Role of Autogenous Bone Marrow in the Healing of Experimental Burn Wound Healing in Rabbits. Iranian J Vet Surg, 3(2), 47-55. Orabi H, Goulet C, Rousseau A, Fradette J, Bolduc S (2014). Adipose-Derived Stem Cells-Are They the Optimal Cell Source for Urinary Tract Regeneration? Cells and Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine, In: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Edited by Daniel Eberli. DOI: 10.5772/59223. Pukazhenthi B, Comizzoli P, Travis AJ, Wildt DE (2006). Applications of emerging technologies to the study and conservation of threatened and endangered species. Reprod Fertil Dev, 18(1-2), 77-90. Ramakrishna V, Janardhan PB, and Sudarsanareddy L (2011). Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine –A Review. Annual Review & Research in Biology, 1(4): 79-110. Ribitsch I, Burk J, Delling U, Geibler C, Gittel C, Julke H, Brehm W (2010). Basic Science and Clinical Application of Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol, 123:219-263. Ryu HH, Lim JH, Byeon YE, Park JR, Seo MS, Lee YW, Kim WH, Kang KS, Kweon OK (2009). Functional recovery and neural differentiation after transplantation of allogenic adipose-derived stem cells in a canine model of acute spinal cord injury. J Vet Sci, 10(4), 273-284. Saito M, Iwawaki T, Taya C, Yonekawa H, Noda M, Inui Y, Mekada E, Kimata Y, Tsuru A, Kohno K (2001). Diphtheria toxin receptor- mediated conditional and targeted cell ablation in transgenic mice. Nat. Biotechno, 19,746-750. Smith RKW, Korada M, Blunn GW, Goodship AE (2003). Isolation and implantation of autologous equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow into superficial digital flexor tendon as a potentialnovel treatment. Equine Vet J, 35(1), 99-102. Solchaga L, Dennis J, Goldberg V, Caplan AI (1999). Hyaluronic acid-based polymers as cell carriers for tissue-engineered repair of bone and cartilage. J Orthop Res, 17, 205-213. Spencer ND, Gimble JM, Lopez MJ (2011). Mesenchymal stromal cells: past, present, and future. Vet Surg, 40(2):129-39. Stoltz JF, Isla N, Li YP, Bensoussan D, Zhang L, Huselstein C, Chen Y, Decot V, Magdalou J, Li N, Reppel L, He Y (2015). Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: Myth or Reality of the 21th Century. Stem Cells International, 734731, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/ 734731. Teshager D, Berhanu, Tesfaye S, Hailemaryam S (2014). Basic biology and therapeutic application of stem cells in various human and animal diseases. Journal of Biology and Genetic, 4(4), 40-52. Toghraie FS, Chenari N, Gholipour MA, Faghih Z, Torabinejad S, Dehghani S, Murphy JM, Fink DJ, Hunziker EB, Barry FP (2003). Stem cell therapy in a caprine model of osteoarthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 48, 3464- 3474. Wakitani S, Aloki H, Harada Y (2004). Embryonic stem cells form articular cartilage not teratomas in osteochondral defects of rat joints. Cell Transplant, 13, 331-336. Wakitani S, Goto T, Pineda SJ, Young RG, Mansour JM, Caplan AI, Goldberg VM (1994). Mesenchymal cell-based repair of large, full thickness defects of articular cartilage. J. Bone Joint Surg, 76, 579-592. Watanabe N, Woo SLY, Papageorgiou C, Celechovsky C, Takai S (2002). Fate of Donor Bone Marrow Cells in Medial Collateral Ligament after Simulated Autologous Transplantation. Microsc Res Tech, 58(1), 39-44. Wu Y, Chen L, Scott PG, Tredget EE (2007). Mesenchymal stem cells enhance wound healing through differentiation and angiogenesis. Stem Cells, 25, 2648-2659. Xiang Z, Hu W, Kong Q, Zhou H, Zhang X (2006). Preliminary study of mesenchymal stem cells-seeded type I collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrices for cartilage repair. ZhongguoXiu Fu Chong JianWaiKeZaZhi, 20(2), 148-154. Ye J, Yao K, Kim JC (2006). Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a rabbit corneal alkali burn model: engraftment and involvement in wound healing. Eye, 20(4), 482-490. Zhang SC, Wernig M, Duncan ID, Brustle O, Thomson JA (2001). In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from huma embryonic stem cells. Nat Biotechnol, 19, 1129-1133. Zubko R, Frishman W (2009). Stem cell therapy for the kidney? Am J Ther, 16, 247-256.

Veteriner Hekimlikte Rejeneratif Tedavi Yaklaşımı Olarak Kök Hücre Tedavisi

Year 2017, Volume: 28 Issue: 2, 117 - 121, 20.08.2017

Abstract

Kök
hücreler beşeri hekimlikte olduğu kadar veteriner hekimlikte de kronik
hastalıkların tedavisi açısından umut verici bir alternatifir. Kök hücrelerin
iki önemli özelliği bulunur; ilki uzun inaktivite dönemlerinden sonra bile
hücre bölünmesi yoluyla öz yenileme kapasitesine sahip özelleşmemiş hücrelerdir
ve ikincisi fizyolojik veya kültür şartlarında farklı organ ve doku
sistemlerine ait hücre dizilerine dönüşebilirler. Kök hücreler, gen hedefleme,
klonlama, kimera üretimi ve transgenik hayvan üretimi gibi pek çok ilgi çekici
konu açısından potansiyel oluştururlar. Kök hücrelerin organizmada 200’den
fazla hücreye dönüşebilme kabiliyeti, terapötik ajanlar arasında önemli bir yer
almasını sağlar. Literatür kök hücre tedavinsin uygulanabilir bir rejeneratif
alternatif olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. 
Türkiye’de birkaç şirket güvenli ve ruhsatlı ürünler arz etmektedir. Kök
hücre tipleri arasında doku tamiri kapasitesi, parakrin faktör aktivasyonu,
immunmodülasyon gibi faktörler baz alınarak terapötik başarı şansı en yüksek
olanı mezenterik kök hücreler (kemik iliği veya yağ doku kökenli) olarak
belirlenmiştir. Bu hücreler petlerin kemik, tendon ve kıkırdak hasarları ve
diğer doku hastalıklarında en sık tercih edilen tiptir. Kök hücre tedavisi,
elbette eğitimli personel ve ruhsatlı ürünler kullanılarak küçük hayvan
hekimliğinde daha yaygın olarak yer almalıdır. Bu derlemede güncel literatür ve
veteriner hekimlikte kök hücre tedavi endikasyonları özetlenmiştir.

References

  • Appasani K, Raghu K (2011). Appasani Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine ISBN 978-1-60761-859-1, p3-337, DOI 10.1007/978-1-60761-860-7 Springer New York Dordrecht Heidelberg London ttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/4516920. Arinzeh T L, Peter S J, Archambault MP, Bos C, Gordon S, Kraus K, Smith A, Kadiyala S (2003). Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Regenerate Bone in a Critical-Sized Canine Segmental Defect. J Bone Joint Surg, 85, 1927-1935. Awad H, Butler D, Boivin G, Smith FN, Malaviya P, Huibregtse B, Caplan AI (1999). Autologous mesenchymal stem cell mediated repair of tendon. Tissue Eng, 5, 267-277. Azari O, Babaei H, Derakhshanfar A, Nematollahi-Mahani S, Poursahebi R, Moshrefi M (2011). Effects of transplanted mesenchymal stem cells isolated from Wharton's jelly of caprine umbilical cord on cutaneous wound healing; histopathological evaluation. Vet Res Comm, 35(4), 211-222(12). Bach FH, Albertini R J, Joo P, Anderson J L, Bortin MM (1968). Marquette Bone-marrow transplantation in a patient with the Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome. Lancet, 2, 1364-1366. Ben-Hur T, Idelson M, Khaner H, Pera M, Reinhartz E, Itzik A, Reubinoff BE (2004). Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell derived neural progenitors improves behavioral decit in parkinsonian rats. Stem Cells, 22, 1246-1255. Black LL, Gaynor J, Gahring D, Adams C (2007). Effect of Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem and Regenerative Cells on Lameness in Dogs with Chronic Osteoarthritis of the Coxofemoral Joints: A Randomized, Double Blinded, Multicenter Controlled Trial. Vet Therapy, 8, 4. Boiani M, Scholer HR (2005). Regulatory networks in embryo-derived pluripotent stem cells. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol, 6(11), 872-84. Caplan AI (1991). Mesenchymal stem cells. J Orthop Res, 9(5), 641-650. Choi S, Park M, Kim J, Hwang S, Park S, Lee Y (2009). The role of mesenchymal stem cells in the functional improvement of chronic renal failure. Stem Cells Dev, 18(3), 521-529. Dasari VR, Spomar DG, Gondi CS, Sloffer CA, Saving KL, Gujrati M, Rao JS, Dinh DH (2007). Axonal remyelination by cord blood stem cells after spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma, 24, 391–410. Dattena M, Pilichi S, Rocca S, Mara L, Casu S, Masala G, Manunta L, Manunta A, Passino ES, Pool RR, Cappai P (2009). Sheep embryonic stem-like cells transplanted in full-thickness cartilage defects. J Tissue Eng Regen Med, 3(3), 175-187. Deak E, Seifried E, Henschler R (2010). Homing pathways of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their role in clinical applications. International Reviews of Immunology, 29(5), 514–529. Deng YB, Liu XG, Liu ZG, Liu XL, Liu, Y, Zhou GQ (2006). Implantation of BM mesenchymal stem cells into injured spinal cord elicits de novo neurogenesis and functional recovery: evidence from a study in rhesus monkeys. Cytotherapy, 8, 210–214. Dobrinski I, Travis AJ (2007). Germ cell transplantation for the propagation of companion animals, non-domestic and endangered species. Reprod Fertil Dev, 19, 732–739. Dominici M, Le Blanc K, Mueller I (2006). Minimal criteria for defining multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy position statement. Cytotherapy, 8(4), 315-317. Friedenstein AJ, Chailakhjan RK, Lalykina KS (1970). The development of broblast colonies in monolayer cultures of guinea-pig bone marrow and spleen cells. Cell Tissue Kinet, 3, 393-403. Frisbie DD, Smith RK (2010). Clinical update on the use of mesenchymal stem cells in equine orthopaedics. Equine Vet J, 42(1), 86-89. Gade NE, Pratheesh MD, Nath A, Dubey PK, Amarpal G, Sharma T (2012). Therapeutic potential of stem cells in veterinary practice. Vet World, 5(8), 499-507. Garbern JC, Lee RT (2013). Cardiac stem cell therapy and the promise of heart regeneration. Cell Stem Cell, 12(6), 689-98. Ghaderi A (2011). Treatment of osteoarthritis with infrapatellar fat pad derived mesenchymal stem cells in Rabbit. Knee, 18(2), 715. Jeong JH, Ki YW, Kim JY, Jan SH, Kim SH, Chang Y (2005). Adipose Tissue Derived MSC Enhances Motor Function in Rats with Cerebral Infarction. IFATS Oral Presentation. Jiang Y, Vaessen B, Lenvik T, Blackstad M, Reyes M, Verfaillie CM (2002). Multipotent progenitor cells can be isolated from postnatal murine bone marrow, muscle, and brain. Exp Hematol, 30, 896-904. Jung D, Ha J, Kang BT, Kim JW, Quan FS, Lee JH, Woo EJ, Park HM (2009). A comparison of autologous and allogenic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in canine spinal cord injury. J Neurolog Sci, 285(1), 67-77. Koch TG, Berg LC, Betts DH (2009). Current and future regenerative medicine, principles concepts, and therapeutic use of stem cell therapy and tissue engineering in equine medicine. Can Vet, 50(2), 155-65. Kon E, Muraglia A, Corsi A, Bianco P, Marcacci M, Martin I, Boyde A, Ruspantini I, Chistolini P, Rocca M, Giardino R, Cancedda R, Quarto R (2000). Autologous bone marrow stromal cells loaded onto porous hydroxyapatite ceramic accelerate bone repair in critical-size defects of sheep long bones. J Biomed Mater Res, 49(3), 328–337. Kraus KH, Kirker C (2006). Mesenchymal stemcell andbone regeneration. Vet surg, 35, 232-242. Laflamme MA, Gold J, Xu C, Hassanipour M, Rosler E, Police S, Muskheli V, Murry CE (2005). Formation of human myocardium in the rat heart from human embryonic stem cells. Am J Pathol, 167, 663-671. Lee KB, Choi J, Cho SB, Chung JY, Mo ES, Kim NS, Han HJ (2011). Topical embryonic stem cells enhance wound healing in diabetic rats. J Orthop Res, 29: N/A Lee HB, Chung YS, Heo SY, Kim NS (2009). Augmentation of bone healing of nonunion fracture using stem cell based tissue engineering in a dog: a case report. Veterinarni Medicina, 54(4), 198–203. Liu X, Li X, Fan Y, Zhang G, Li D, Dong W, Sha Z, Yu X, Feng Q, Cui F, Watari F (2010). Repairing goat tibia segmental bone defect using scaffold cultured with mesenchymal stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater, 94(1), 44-52. Markoski MM (2016). Advances in the Use of Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine: From Basic Research to Clinical Practice. Scientifica, Article ID 4516920. Menard C, Hagege AA, Agbulut O (2005). Transplantation of cardiac-committed mouse embryonic stem cells to infarcted sheep myocardium: a preclinical study. Lancet, 366, 1005-1012. Min J, Yang Y, Sullivan MF, Ke Q, Converso KL, Chen Y, Morgan JP, Xiao Y (2003). Long-term improvement of cardiac function in rats after infarction by transplantation of embryonic stem cells. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 125, 361- 369. Nixon AJ, Dahlgren LA, Haupt J L, Yeager AE, Ward DL (2008). Effect of adipose-derived nucleated cell fractions on tendon repair in horses with collagenase-induced tendinitis. Am J Vet Res, 69(7), 928-937. Oloumi MM, Derakhshanfar A, Shemali H, Shavalian M (2008). The Role of Autogenous Bone Marrow in the Healing of Experimental Burn Wound Healing in Rabbits. Iranian J Vet Surg, 3(2), 47-55. Orabi H, Goulet C, Rousseau A, Fradette J, Bolduc S (2014). Adipose-Derived Stem Cells-Are They the Optimal Cell Source for Urinary Tract Regeneration? Cells and Biomaterials in Regenerative Medicine, In: Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Edited by Daniel Eberli. DOI: 10.5772/59223. Pukazhenthi B, Comizzoli P, Travis AJ, Wildt DE (2006). Applications of emerging technologies to the study and conservation of threatened and endangered species. Reprod Fertil Dev, 18(1-2), 77-90. Ramakrishna V, Janardhan PB, and Sudarsanareddy L (2011). Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine –A Review. Annual Review & Research in Biology, 1(4): 79-110. Ribitsch I, Burk J, Delling U, Geibler C, Gittel C, Julke H, Brehm W (2010). Basic Science and Clinical Application of Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine. Adv Biochem Eng Biotechnol, 123:219-263. Ryu HH, Lim JH, Byeon YE, Park JR, Seo MS, Lee YW, Kim WH, Kang KS, Kweon OK (2009). Functional recovery and neural differentiation after transplantation of allogenic adipose-derived stem cells in a canine model of acute spinal cord injury. J Vet Sci, 10(4), 273-284. Saito M, Iwawaki T, Taya C, Yonekawa H, Noda M, Inui Y, Mekada E, Kimata Y, Tsuru A, Kohno K (2001). Diphtheria toxin receptor- mediated conditional and targeted cell ablation in transgenic mice. Nat. Biotechno, 19,746-750. Smith RKW, Korada M, Blunn GW, Goodship AE (2003). Isolation and implantation of autologous equine mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow into superficial digital flexor tendon as a potentialnovel treatment. Equine Vet J, 35(1), 99-102. Solchaga L, Dennis J, Goldberg V, Caplan AI (1999). Hyaluronic acid-based polymers as cell carriers for tissue-engineered repair of bone and cartilage. J Orthop Res, 17, 205-213. Spencer ND, Gimble JM, Lopez MJ (2011). Mesenchymal stromal cells: past, present, and future. Vet Surg, 40(2):129-39. Stoltz JF, Isla N, Li YP, Bensoussan D, Zhang L, Huselstein C, Chen Y, Decot V, Magdalou J, Li N, Reppel L, He Y (2015). Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine: Myth or Reality of the 21th Century. Stem Cells International, 734731, http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/ 734731. Teshager D, Berhanu, Tesfaye S, Hailemaryam S (2014). Basic biology and therapeutic application of stem cells in various human and animal diseases. Journal of Biology and Genetic, 4(4), 40-52. Toghraie FS, Chenari N, Gholipour MA, Faghih Z, Torabinejad S, Dehghani S, Murphy JM, Fink DJ, Hunziker EB, Barry FP (2003). Stem cell therapy in a caprine model of osteoarthritis. Arthritis & Rheumatism, 48, 3464- 3474. Wakitani S, Aloki H, Harada Y (2004). Embryonic stem cells form articular cartilage not teratomas in osteochondral defects of rat joints. Cell Transplant, 13, 331-336. Wakitani S, Goto T, Pineda SJ, Young RG, Mansour JM, Caplan AI, Goldberg VM (1994). Mesenchymal cell-based repair of large, full thickness defects of articular cartilage. J. Bone Joint Surg, 76, 579-592. Watanabe N, Woo SLY, Papageorgiou C, Celechovsky C, Takai S (2002). Fate of Donor Bone Marrow Cells in Medial Collateral Ligament after Simulated Autologous Transplantation. Microsc Res Tech, 58(1), 39-44. Wu Y, Chen L, Scott PG, Tredget EE (2007). Mesenchymal stem cells enhance wound healing through differentiation and angiogenesis. Stem Cells, 25, 2648-2659. Xiang Z, Hu W, Kong Q, Zhou H, Zhang X (2006). Preliminary study of mesenchymal stem cells-seeded type I collagen-glycosaminoglycan matrices for cartilage repair. ZhongguoXiu Fu Chong JianWaiKeZaZhi, 20(2), 148-154. Ye J, Yao K, Kim JC (2006). Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in a rabbit corneal alkali burn model: engraftment and involvement in wound healing. Eye, 20(4), 482-490. Zhang SC, Wernig M, Duncan ID, Brustle O, Thomson JA (2001). In vitro differentiation of transplantable neural precursors from huma embryonic stem cells. Nat Biotechnol, 19, 1129-1133. Zubko R, Frishman W (2009). Stem cell therapy for the kidney? Am J Ther, 16, 247-256.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Duygu Dalğın

Yücel Meral

Publication Date August 20, 2017
Submission Date February 16, 2017
Acceptance Date April 4, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 28 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Dalğın, D., & Meral, Y. (2017). Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine. Van Veterinary Journal, 28(2), 117-121.
AMA Dalğın D, Meral Y. Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine. Van Vet J. August 2017;28(2):117-121.
Chicago Dalğın, Duygu, and Yücel Meral. “Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine”. Van Veterinary Journal 28, no. 2 (August 2017): 117-21.
EndNote Dalğın D, Meral Y (August 1, 2017) Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine. Van Veterinary Journal 28 2 117–121.
IEEE D. Dalğın and Y. Meral, “Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine”, Van Vet J, vol. 28, no. 2, pp. 117–121, 2017.
ISNAD Dalğın, Duygu - Meral, Yücel. “Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine”. Van Veterinary Journal 28/2 (August 2017), 117-121.
JAMA Dalğın D, Meral Y. Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine. Van Vet J. 2017;28:117–121.
MLA Dalğın, Duygu and Yücel Meral. “Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine”. Van Veterinary Journal, vol. 28, no. 2, 2017, pp. 117-21.
Vancouver Dalğın D, Meral Y. Stem Cell Therapy As A Regenerative Approach In Veterinary Medicine. Van Vet J. 2017;28(2):117-21.

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