Research Article
Impact of Hyberbaric Oxygen Therapy on Olfactory Function and Bulb Volume in Diabetic Patients with Olfactory Dysfunction
Abstract
Objective: Investigating the efficiency of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (HBOT), recommended adjuvant therapy for diabetic neuropathy patients, in changing olfactory bulb volume and function in diabetic patients with olfactory dysfunction. Materials and methods: 12 individuals, from a pool of type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with diabetic foot, had olfactory dysfunction based on olfaction test results. Olfactory tests and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were used to measure and evaluate olfactory bulb volume and function changes in response to HBOT in these 12 patients (comparing Group 1 to Group 2). Similar analysis was carried out to compare the findings to those of 13 healthy patients (Group 3). Results: Patients in Group 1, 2, and 3 were categorized as moderately hyposmic, mildly hyposmic, and normosmic, respectively based on olfaction test results. HBO treatment seems to be efficient as the OBV values and olfaction test results of Group 1 were significantly lower than those of Group 2. Comparison of olfactory tests shows statistically significant improvement in post-treatment odor perception. Conclusion: It has been shown that both olfactory function and OB volumes based on MRI have increased significantly after HBO therapy in diabetic patients with olfactory dysfunction.
References
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Year 2023,
Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 1 - 5, 29.03.2023
Abstract
References
- 1. Hummel T, Nordin S. Olfactory disorders and their consequences for quality of life. Acta Otolaryngol 2005;125(2):116-21. google scholar
- 2. Forbes JM, Cooper ME. Mechanisms of diabetic complications. Physiol Rev 2013;93(1):137-88. google scholar
- 3. Weinstock RS, Wright HN, Smith DU. Olfactory dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. Physiol Behav 1993;53(1):17-21. google scholar
- 4. Gouveri E, Katotomichelakis M, Gouveris H, Danielides V, Maltezos E, Papanas N. Olfactory dysfunction in type 2 diabetes mellitus: an additional manifestation of microvascular disease? Angiology 2014;65(10):869-76. google scholar
- 5. Heckmann JG, Hocherl C, Dütsch M, Lang C, Schwab S, Hummel T. Smell and taste disorders in polyneuropathy: a prospective study of chemosensory disorders. Acta Neurol Scand 2009;120(4):258-63. google scholar
- 6. Gascón C, Santaolalla F, Martínez A, Sánchez Del Rey A. Usefulness of the BAST 24 smell and taste test in the study of diabetic patients: a new approach to the determination of renal function. Acta Otolaryngol 2013;133(4):400-4. google scholar
- 7. Londahl M, Katzman P, Nilsson A, Hammarlund C. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy facilitates healing of chronic foot ulcers in patients with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2010;33(5):998-1003. google scholar
- 8. Veyseller B, Ozucer B, Karaaltin AB, Yildirim Y, Degirmenci N, Aksoy F et al. Connecticut (CCCRC) Olfactory Test: Normative Values in 426 Healthy Volunteers Indian JOtolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2014;66(1):31-4. google scholar
- 9. Watzinger F, Ewers R, Henninger A, Sudasch G, Babka A, Woelfl G. Endosteal implants in the irradiated lower jaw. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 1996;24(4):237-44. google scholar
- 10. Veyseller B, Aksoy F, Yildirim YS, Bayraktar FG, Gurbuz D, Savas Y et al. Reduced olfactory bulb volume in total laryngectomy patients: a magnetic resonance imaging study. Rhinology 2011;49(1):112-6. google scholar
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- 12. Cianci P. Consensus Development Conference on Diabetic Foot Wound Care: a randomized controlled trial does exist supporting use of adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Diabetes Care 2000;23(6):873-4. google scholar
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- 15. Deshpande AD, Harris-Hayes M, Schootman M. Epidemiology of diabetes and diabetes-related complications. Phys Ther 2008;88(11):1254-64. google scholar
- 16. Lutterotti A, Vedovello M, Reindl M, Ehling R, DiPauli F, Kuenz B et al. Olfactory threshold is impaired in early, active multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler 2011;17(8): 964-9. google scholar
- 17. Naka A, Riedl M, Luger A, Hummel T, Mueller CA. Clinical significance of smell and taste disorders in patients with diabetes mellitus. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2010;267(4):547-50. google scholar
- 18. Veyseller B, Dogan R, Yenigun A, Aksoy F, Tugrul S, Dogan EE et al. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy of olfactory dysfunction in diabetic neuropathy with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new definition Diabetic Olfactopathy. Rhinology 2016;54(3):273-7. google scholar
- 19. Veyseller B, Ozucer B, Degirmenci N, Gurbuz D, Tambas M, Altun M et al. Olfactory bulb volume and olfactory function after radiotherapy in patients with nasopharyngeal cancer. Auris Nasus Larynx 2014;41(5):436-40. google scholar
- 20. Biessels GJ. Brain MRI correlates of cognitive dysfunction in type 2 diabetes: the needle recovered from the haystack? Diabetes Care 2013;36(12):3855-6. google scholar
- 21. Mueller A, Rodewald A, Reden J, Gerber J, von Kummer R, Hummel T. Reduced olfactory bulb volume in posttraumatic and postinfectious olfactory dysfunction. Neuroreport 2005;16(5):475-8. google scholar
There are 21 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Otorhinolaryngology |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 29, 2023 |
| Submission Date | January 19, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2023 Volume: 33 Issue: 1 |
