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Ardıç türlerinde (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. ve Juniperus foetidissima Willd.) kozalak fiziksel özellikleri ve uçucu yağ verimlilik ilişkileri

Year 2017, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 219 - 225, 30.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.305958

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de oldukça geniş yayılış alanına sahip
ardıç türlerinden boylu ardıç (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) ve kokulu ardıç
(Juniperus foetidissima Willd.) türlerinin uçucu yağ verimlilikleri ile kozalak
fiziksel özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla kokulu
ardıca ait 12 farklı, boylu ardıca ait ise 40 farklı örnek alandan olgun
kozalak örnekleri toplanmıştır. Laboratuvarda ilk aşamada kozalaklara ait
fiziksel ölçümler (en, boy, 1000 tane ağırlığı, nem oranı)
gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra Clevenger düzeneğinde su destilasyonu ile
damıtılan örneklerde uçucu yağ verimlilikleri tespit edilmiştir. Kokulu
ardıçlarda ortalama %2,43 v/w, boylu ardıçlarda ise %3,82 v/w oranında uçucu
yağ verimi tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra örnek alanların uçucu yağ verimlilikleri
arasındaki farkın kozalak fiziksel özellikleri ile ilişkilendirilmesi amacıyla
temel bileşenler analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz neticesinde uçucu yağ veriminin
özellikle, kozalaklarda nem oranları (%) ile ilişkili olabileceği sonucuna
varılmıştır. Bu durumun ise bitkide özellikle neme bağlı olarak kuraklık ve su
stresinin uçucu yağ verimi gibi biyokimyasal parametreler üzerine yansıması
sonucunda ortaya çıktığı yorumu yapılmıştır.

References

  • Adams, R.P., 2008. Junipers of the World: The Genus Juniperus. 2nd Ed. Trafford Publ., Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
  • Adams, R. P., Tashev, A. N., Baser, K. H. S., Christou, A. K., 2013. Geographic variation in the volatile leaf oils of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. Phytologia, 95:279-285.
  • Altuntaş, E., 2015. The geometric, volumetric and frictional properties of Juniper berries. American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 2 (1):1-4.
  • Angioni, A., Barra, A., Russo, M. T., Coroneo, V., Dessí, S., Cabras, P., 2003. Chemical composition of the essential oils of Juniperus from ripe and unripe berries and leaves and their antimicrobial activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(10):3073-3078.
  • Arslan, M.B., Aydemir, D., 2009. Genç odun ve özellikleri. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(16):25-32.
  • Asili, J., Emami, S.A., Rahimizadeh, M., Fazly-Bazzaz, B. S., Hassanzadeh, M. K., 2010. Chemical and antimicrobial studies of Juniperus sabina L. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd. essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 13(1): 25-36.
  • Ataş, A. D., Göze, İ., Alim, A., Akkuş, S., 2012. Chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antispasmodic activities of the essential oil of Juniperus excelsa subsp. excels. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 15 (3): 476-483.
  • Avcı, A. B., Bilir, N., 2014. Variation in essential oil content and composition of Crimean Juniper (Juniperus excelsa) berries during the growth periods. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 17(3): 478-485.
  • Başer, K.H.C., 1993. Essential oils of Anatolian Labiatae: A profile. Acta Horticulture, 333: 217–238.
  • Bro, R., Smilde, A. K., 2014. Principal component analysis. Analytical Methods, 6(9): 2812-2831. Caponio, F., Alloggio, V., Gomes, T., 1999. Phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil: influence of preperation techniques. Food Chemistry, 64:203-209.
  • Coode, M. J. E., Cullen J., 1966. Juniperus L. in Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (Vol. 1). Davis PH, (Ed.) Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp.78–84.
  • Eliçin, G., 1977. Türkiye Doğal Ardıç (Juniperus L.) Taksonlarının Yayılışları ile Önemli Morfolojik ve Anatomik Özellikleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar. İ. Ü. Yayın No: 2327, O.F. Yayın No: 232, İstanbul.
  • El-Achi, N., Bakkour, Y., El-Nakat, H., El-Omar, F., 2014. HPLC analysis for identification and quantification of phenolic acids and flavonoids in Juniperus excelsa. Journal of Natural Products, 7:162-167.
  • Emami, S. A., Asgary, S., Naderi, G. A., Ardekani, M. R., Kasher, T., Aslani, S., Sahebkar, A., 2011. Antioxidant activities of Juniperus foetidissima essential oils against several oxidative systems. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 21(4): 627-634.
  • European Pharmacopoeia, 1975. Maisonneuve SA, Sainte Ruffine. Vol. 3, pp.68, France.
  • Fakir, H., 2014. Türkiye'nin Doğal ve Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları 1. In: Ünal Akkemik (Ed.) Gymnospermler, Angiospermler, Juniperus L. (Ardıçlar), T.C. Orman Ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Gülsoy, S., Akdemir, D., Özdemir, S., Aydın, S., Dalgıç, L., 2014. Göller yöresi boylu ardıç (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) sahalarında çevresel faktörlerin kozalak fiziksel özellikler üzerine etkisi. II. Ulusal Akdeniz Orman ve Çevre Sempozyumu konferansı dahilinde Akdeniz Ormanlarının Geleceği: Sürdürülebilir Toplum ve Çevre, bildiri kitapçığı, Ekim, 2014, Isparta, s.750-762.
  • Gülsoy, S., Çıvğa, A., 2016. Diken ardıç (Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus) kozalaklarının uçucu yağ özellikleri ve çevresel faktörlerle ilişkileri. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 17(2): 142-152.
  • Gülsoy, S., Özkan, G., Özkan, K., Genç, M., 2013. Menengiç (Pistacia terebinthus L. subsp. palaestina (Boiss.) Engler) meyvelerinin bazı fiziksel ve fizikokimyasal özellikleri üzerine ekolojik faktörlerin etkisi. SDÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 14: 15-23.
  • Gürkan, E., 2003. Bitkisel Tedavi. Marmara Üniversitesi Yayınları, No:699, Fak.Yayın No:19, İstanbul.
  • Gültekin, H.C., Gültekin U.G., 2006. Türkiye Ardıç Türlerinin (Juniperus L.) Silvikültür Teknikleri. DOA Dergisi, Tarsus, Turkey.
  • Hegnauer, R., 1986. Phytochemistry and plant taxonomy an essay on the chemotaxonomy of higher plants. Phytochemistry, 25(7): 1519-1535.
  • Lesjak, M. M., Beara, I. N., Orčić, D. Z., Ristić, J. D., Anačkov, G. T., Božin, B. N., Mimica-Dukić, N.M., 2013. Chemical Characterisation and Biological Effects of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. 1806. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 53(2): 530-539.
  • Martz, F., Peltola, R., Fontanay, S., Duval, R. E., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., 2009. Effect of latitude and altitude on the terpenoid and soluble phenolic composition of juniper (Juniperus communis) needles and evaluation of their antibacterial activity in the boreal zone. Journal Agriculturel Food Chemistry, 57 (20): 9575–9584.
  • Mert, A., Özkan, K., 2017. Studies on taxonomic diversity of plant communities and modeling its potential distribution in Yazılı Canyon Nature Park, Turkey, Journal of Environmental Biology, 38(6):1267-1274. DOI: 10.22438/jeb/38/6/MRN-282.
  • Özkan, G., Gülsoy, S., Çevik, Ş., Aydın, S., Dalgıç, L., Merdin, A., 2014. Influence of site factors on phenolic properties of Crimean juniper (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) berries in the Lakes District of Turkey. Book of Abstracts, 12th Euro Fed Lipid Congress, Oils, Fats and Lipids: From Lipidomics to Industrial Innovation, 14-17 September 2014, Montpellier, France, pp. 400.
  • Shanjani,, P. S., Mirza, M., Calagari, M., Adams, R. P., 2010. Effects drying and harvest season on the essential oil composition from foliage and berries of Juniperus excelsa. Industrial Crops and Products, 32(2): 83-87.
  • Soković, M. D., Ristić, M., Grubišić, D., 2004. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil from Juniperus excelsa Berries. Pharmaceutical Biology, 42(4-5): 328–331. Tawatsin, A., Wratten, S. D., Scott, R. R., Thavara, U., Techadamrongsin, Y., 2001. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. Journal of Vector Ecology, 26:76-82.
  • Topçu, G., Gören, A. C., Bilsel, G., Bilsel, M., Çakmak, O., Schilling, J., Kinston, D.G.I., 2005. Cytotoxic activity and essential oil composition of leaves and berries of Juniperus excelsa. Pharmaceutical Biology, 43 (2): 125-128.
  • Tunalier, Z., Kirimer, N., Baser, K.H.C., 2002. The composition of essential oils from various parts of Juniperus foetidissima. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 38(1): 43-47.
  • Tümen, İ., Hafızoğlu, H., 2005. Türkiye’de yetişen Ardıç (Juniperus L.) türlerinin kozalak ve yaprak uçucu yağlarının bileşiminde bulunan terpen grupları. ZKÜ Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(5): 88-95.
  • Vieira, R.F.,Simon, J.E., 2000. Chemical characterization of basil (Ocimum spp.) found in the markets and used in traditional medicine in Brazil. Economic botany, 54(2): 207-216.
  • Yaltırık, F., 1988. Dendroloji (Gymnospermae) – Açık Tohumlular. İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 3443/386,İstanbul,s.258-283.

Relationships between essential oil yield and physical properties of cones in juniper species (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.)

Year 2017, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 219 - 225, 30.11.2017
https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.305958

Abstract

In this study, the relationship between essential oil yield
and cone physical properties of Crimean juniper (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) and
foetid juniper (Juniperus foetidissima Willd.) that have a wide distribution
area in Turkey was investigated. For this purpose, mature cones were collected
from 40 different Crimean juniper plot sand 12 different foetid juniper plots.
In the laboratory, physical measurements of the cones (width, height, 1000 seed
weight, and moisture content) were carried out in the first stage. The
essential oil yields were determined in the samples which were distilled with
water vapor in Clevenger system. Average essential oil yield was found to be
2.43% v/w in foetid junipers and 3.82% v/w in Crimean junipers. Principal
component analysis was applied to determine the relation between the cone
physical properties and the difference of essential oil yields between the
sample areas. As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the yield of
essential oil may be especially related to the humidity (%) in the cones. In
this case, it was interpreted that drought and water stress in plants,
especially due to moisture, appeared as a result of reflection on biochemical
parameters such as essential oil yield.

References

  • Adams, R.P., 2008. Junipers of the World: The Genus Juniperus. 2nd Ed. Trafford Publ., Vancouver, B.C., Canada.
  • Adams, R. P., Tashev, A. N., Baser, K. H. S., Christou, A. K., 2013. Geographic variation in the volatile leaf oils of Juniperus excelsa M. Bieb. Phytologia, 95:279-285.
  • Altuntaş, E., 2015. The geometric, volumetric and frictional properties of Juniper berries. American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 2 (1):1-4.
  • Angioni, A., Barra, A., Russo, M. T., Coroneo, V., Dessí, S., Cabras, P., 2003. Chemical composition of the essential oils of Juniperus from ripe and unripe berries and leaves and their antimicrobial activity. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(10):3073-3078.
  • Arslan, M.B., Aydemir, D., 2009. Genç odun ve özellikleri. Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(16):25-32.
  • Asili, J., Emami, S.A., Rahimizadeh, M., Fazly-Bazzaz, B. S., Hassanzadeh, M. K., 2010. Chemical and antimicrobial studies of Juniperus sabina L. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd. essential oils. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 13(1): 25-36.
  • Ataş, A. D., Göze, İ., Alim, A., Akkuş, S., 2012. Chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and antispasmodic activities of the essential oil of Juniperus excelsa subsp. excels. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 15 (3): 476-483.
  • Avcı, A. B., Bilir, N., 2014. Variation in essential oil content and composition of Crimean Juniper (Juniperus excelsa) berries during the growth periods. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 17(3): 478-485.
  • Başer, K.H.C., 1993. Essential oils of Anatolian Labiatae: A profile. Acta Horticulture, 333: 217–238.
  • Bro, R., Smilde, A. K., 2014. Principal component analysis. Analytical Methods, 6(9): 2812-2831. Caponio, F., Alloggio, V., Gomes, T., 1999. Phenolic compounds of virgin olive oil: influence of preperation techniques. Food Chemistry, 64:203-209.
  • Coode, M. J. E., Cullen J., 1966. Juniperus L. in Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands (Vol. 1). Davis PH, (Ed.) Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp.78–84.
  • Eliçin, G., 1977. Türkiye Doğal Ardıç (Juniperus L.) Taksonlarının Yayılışları ile Önemli Morfolojik ve Anatomik Özellikleri Üzerinde Araştırmalar. İ. Ü. Yayın No: 2327, O.F. Yayın No: 232, İstanbul.
  • El-Achi, N., Bakkour, Y., El-Nakat, H., El-Omar, F., 2014. HPLC analysis for identification and quantification of phenolic acids and flavonoids in Juniperus excelsa. Journal of Natural Products, 7:162-167.
  • Emami, S. A., Asgary, S., Naderi, G. A., Ardekani, M. R., Kasher, T., Aslani, S., Sahebkar, A., 2011. Antioxidant activities of Juniperus foetidissima essential oils against several oxidative systems. Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia, 21(4): 627-634.
  • European Pharmacopoeia, 1975. Maisonneuve SA, Sainte Ruffine. Vol. 3, pp.68, France.
  • Fakir, H., 2014. Türkiye'nin Doğal ve Egzotik Ağaç ve Çalıları 1. In: Ünal Akkemik (Ed.) Gymnospermler, Angiospermler, Juniperus L. (Ardıçlar), T.C. Orman Ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Orman Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Gülsoy, S., Akdemir, D., Özdemir, S., Aydın, S., Dalgıç, L., 2014. Göller yöresi boylu ardıç (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) sahalarında çevresel faktörlerin kozalak fiziksel özellikler üzerine etkisi. II. Ulusal Akdeniz Orman ve Çevre Sempozyumu konferansı dahilinde Akdeniz Ormanlarının Geleceği: Sürdürülebilir Toplum ve Çevre, bildiri kitapçığı, Ekim, 2014, Isparta, s.750-762.
  • Gülsoy, S., Çıvğa, A., 2016. Diken ardıç (Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus) kozalaklarının uçucu yağ özellikleri ve çevresel faktörlerle ilişkileri. Turkish Journal of Forestry, 17(2): 142-152.
  • Gülsoy, S., Özkan, G., Özkan, K., Genç, M., 2013. Menengiç (Pistacia terebinthus L. subsp. palaestina (Boiss.) Engler) meyvelerinin bazı fiziksel ve fizikokimyasal özellikleri üzerine ekolojik faktörlerin etkisi. SDÜ Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 14: 15-23.
  • Gürkan, E., 2003. Bitkisel Tedavi. Marmara Üniversitesi Yayınları, No:699, Fak.Yayın No:19, İstanbul.
  • Gültekin, H.C., Gültekin U.G., 2006. Türkiye Ardıç Türlerinin (Juniperus L.) Silvikültür Teknikleri. DOA Dergisi, Tarsus, Turkey.
  • Hegnauer, R., 1986. Phytochemistry and plant taxonomy an essay on the chemotaxonomy of higher plants. Phytochemistry, 25(7): 1519-1535.
  • Lesjak, M. M., Beara, I. N., Orčić, D. Z., Ristić, J. D., Anačkov, G. T., Božin, B. N., Mimica-Dukić, N.M., 2013. Chemical Characterisation and Biological Effects of Juniperus foetidissima Willd. 1806. LWT-Food Science and Technology, 53(2): 530-539.
  • Martz, F., Peltola, R., Fontanay, S., Duval, R. E., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., 2009. Effect of latitude and altitude on the terpenoid and soluble phenolic composition of juniper (Juniperus communis) needles and evaluation of their antibacterial activity in the boreal zone. Journal Agriculturel Food Chemistry, 57 (20): 9575–9584.
  • Mert, A., Özkan, K., 2017. Studies on taxonomic diversity of plant communities and modeling its potential distribution in Yazılı Canyon Nature Park, Turkey, Journal of Environmental Biology, 38(6):1267-1274. DOI: 10.22438/jeb/38/6/MRN-282.
  • Özkan, G., Gülsoy, S., Çevik, Ş., Aydın, S., Dalgıç, L., Merdin, A., 2014. Influence of site factors on phenolic properties of Crimean juniper (Juniperus excelsa Bieb.) berries in the Lakes District of Turkey. Book of Abstracts, 12th Euro Fed Lipid Congress, Oils, Fats and Lipids: From Lipidomics to Industrial Innovation, 14-17 September 2014, Montpellier, France, pp. 400.
  • Shanjani,, P. S., Mirza, M., Calagari, M., Adams, R. P., 2010. Effects drying and harvest season on the essential oil composition from foliage and berries of Juniperus excelsa. Industrial Crops and Products, 32(2): 83-87.
  • Soković, M. D., Ristić, M., Grubišić, D., 2004. Chemical composition and antifungal activity of the essential oil from Juniperus excelsa Berries. Pharmaceutical Biology, 42(4-5): 328–331. Tawatsin, A., Wratten, S. D., Scott, R. R., Thavara, U., Techadamrongsin, Y., 2001. Repellency of volatile oils from plants against three mosquito vectors. Journal of Vector Ecology, 26:76-82.
  • Topçu, G., Gören, A. C., Bilsel, G., Bilsel, M., Çakmak, O., Schilling, J., Kinston, D.G.I., 2005. Cytotoxic activity and essential oil composition of leaves and berries of Juniperus excelsa. Pharmaceutical Biology, 43 (2): 125-128.
  • Tunalier, Z., Kirimer, N., Baser, K.H.C., 2002. The composition of essential oils from various parts of Juniperus foetidissima. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 38(1): 43-47.
  • Tümen, İ., Hafızoğlu, H., 2005. Türkiye’de yetişen Ardıç (Juniperus L.) türlerinin kozalak ve yaprak uçucu yağlarının bileşiminde bulunan terpen grupları. ZKÜ Bartın Orman Fakültesi Dergisi, 5(5): 88-95.
  • Vieira, R.F.,Simon, J.E., 2000. Chemical characterization of basil (Ocimum spp.) found in the markets and used in traditional medicine in Brazil. Economic botany, 54(2): 207-216.
  • Yaltırık, F., 1988. Dendroloji (Gymnospermae) – Açık Tohumlular. İ.Ü. Orman Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 3443/386,İstanbul,s.258-283.
There are 33 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Orijinal Araştırma Makalesi
Authors

Serkan Gülsoy

Uysal Utku Turhan This is me

Gülcan Özkan

Publication Date November 30, 2017
Acceptance Date July 19, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 18 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Gülsoy, S., Turhan, U. U., & Özkan, G. (2017). Relationships between essential oil yield and physical properties of cones in juniper species (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.). Turkish Journal of Forestry, 18(3), 219-225. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.305958
AMA Gülsoy S, Turhan UU, Özkan G. Relationships between essential oil yield and physical properties of cones in juniper species (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.). Turkish Journal of Forestry. November 2017;18(3):219-225. doi:10.18182/tjf.305958
Chicago Gülsoy, Serkan, Uysal Utku Turhan, and Gülcan Özkan. “Relationships Between Essential Oil Yield and Physical Properties of Cones in Juniper Species (Juniperus Excelsa Bieb. And Juniperus Foetidissima Willd.)”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 18, no. 3 (November 2017): 219-25. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.305958.
EndNote Gülsoy S, Turhan UU, Özkan G (November 1, 2017) Relationships between essential oil yield and physical properties of cones in juniper species (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.). Turkish Journal of Forestry 18 3 219–225.
IEEE S. Gülsoy, U. U. Turhan, and G. Özkan, “Relationships between essential oil yield and physical properties of cones in juniper species (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.)”, Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 219–225, 2017, doi: 10.18182/tjf.305958.
ISNAD Gülsoy, Serkan et al. “Relationships Between Essential Oil Yield and Physical Properties of Cones in Juniper Species (Juniperus Excelsa Bieb. And Juniperus Foetidissima Willd.)”. Turkish Journal of Forestry 18/3 (November 2017), 219-225. https://doi.org/10.18182/tjf.305958.
JAMA Gülsoy S, Turhan UU, Özkan G. Relationships between essential oil yield and physical properties of cones in juniper species (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.). Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2017;18:219–225.
MLA Gülsoy, Serkan et al. “Relationships Between Essential Oil Yield and Physical Properties of Cones in Juniper Species (Juniperus Excelsa Bieb. And Juniperus Foetidissima Willd.)”. Turkish Journal of Forestry, vol. 18, no. 3, 2017, pp. 219-25, doi:10.18182/tjf.305958.
Vancouver Gülsoy S, Turhan UU, Özkan G. Relationships between essential oil yield and physical properties of cones in juniper species (Juniperus excelsa Bieb. and Juniperus foetidissima Willd.). Turkish Journal of Forestry. 2017;18(3):219-25.