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Gambiya'daki Bir Üçüncü Basamak Hastanede Sağlık Bakım İlişkili Enfeksiyonların Önlenmesinde Hemşirelerin Bilgi, Uygulama ve Tutumları

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 150 - 161, 25.12.2023

Joseph Mendy Dilek Sarpkaya Güder

Abstract

Amaç: Gambiya'da üçüncü basamak bir hastanede çalışan hemşirelerin, sağlık bakım ilişkili enfeksiyonları önleme ve kontrol etme konusundaki bilgi, uygulama ve tutumlarını belirlemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel desende yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın evrenini, 441 hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Örneklem, evreni bilinen örnekleme yöntemini kullanarak 205 hemşire olarak hesaplanmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri, araştırmacı tarafından yapılandırılmış kişisel bilgi formu ve hemşirelerin sağlık bakım ilişkili enfeksiyonu önleme ve kontrolünde bilgi, uygulama ve tutum ölçeği ile çevrimiçi google form kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın verileri, Mann–Whitney U testi, post hoc testi, Kruskal-Wallis H testi ve Spear-men testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hemşirelerin çoğunluğu (%60) kadın, yaklaşık yarısı (%48.3) 18-27 yaş aralığında ve tamamına yakını (%96.1) Gambiyalı’dır. Hemşirelerin sağlık bakım ilişkili enfeksiyonu önleme ve kontrol etmede bilgi, uygulama ve tutum ölçek toplam puan ortalamasının 197.21 olduğu belirlendi. Hemşirelerin en yüksek ortalama puanı (84,57) uygulama, en düşük ortalama puanı (41,30) ise tutum alt boyutundan aldıkları belirlendi (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Hemşirelerin sağlık bakım ilişkili enfeksiyonunu önleme ve kontrol etme konusundaki bilgi ve uygulamaları iyi düzeydedir. En düşük puan tutum ölçeği alt boyutunda olduğu için konuya ilişkin olumlu tutum geliştirmeye yönelik hizmet içi eğitimlerin planlanması önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Bilgi enfeksiyon hemşire önleme uygulama

References

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [Internet]. Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). [updated 2020 Dec 20; cited 2022]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/portal/index.html
  • Suleyman G, Alangaden G & Bardossy AC. The role of environmental contamination in the transmission of nosocomial pathogens and healthcare-associated infections. Current infectious disease reports 2018;20(6):1-11.
  • Alrubaiee G, Baharom A, Shahar HK, Daud SM & Basaleem HO. Knowledge and practices of nurses regarding nosocomial infection control measures in private hospitals in Sana’a City, Yemen. Safety in Health 2017;3(1):1-6.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). [Internet]. Publishes a global report on infection prevention and control. [updated 2022; cited 2022 Jul 6]. Available from: https://www.guidelines.co.uk/news/who-publishes-a-global-report-on-infection-prevention-and-control/456968.article
  • Rosenberg, A. (2016). Hand hygiene barriers faced by healthcare workers in the gambia: a health belief model approach. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1081964
  • Alojaimy RS, Nakamura K, Al-Sobaihi S, Tashiro Y, Watanabe N & Seino K. Infection prevention and control standards and associated factors: Case study of the level of knowledge and practices among nurses in a Saudi Arabian hospital. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 2021;62(2):e501.doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.2.1957
  • Chitimwango PC. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses in infection prevention and control within a tertiary hospital in Zambia, Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University; 2017 [cited 2022 Nov 22]. Available from: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/101156
  • Hammoud S, Amer F, & Kocsis B. Examining the effect of infection prevention and control awareness among nurses on patient and family education: A cross‐sectional study. Nursing & Health Sciences 2022;24(1):140-151.doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12905
  • Safadi S, Kavuran E, Al Nuqiadan H, Tassi A, Fawaz M. Knowledge, attitude and practice for healthcare workers and clinical students about infection control measures awareness at Hospital. BAU Journal- Health and Wellbeing 2019;2(1):6. doi.org/10.54729/2789-8288.1027
  • Salem OA. Knowledge and practices of nurses in infection prevention and control within a tertiary care hospital. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2019; 9(1):422-425.
  • Bimerew M & Muhawenimana F. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses towards hand washing in infection prevention and control at a psychiatric hospital. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences 2022;6:100-399. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100399
  • Khatrawi, E. M., Prajjwal, P., Farhan, M., Inban, P., Gurha, S., Al‐ezzi, S. M., ... & Hussin, O. A. (2023). Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers regarding high‐risk nosocomial infections: A global cross‐sectional study. Health Science Reports, 6(9), e1559.
  • Bittaye M, Idoko P, Ekele BA, Obed SA & Nyan O. Hepatitis B virus sero-prevalence amongst pregnant women in the Gambia. BMC infectious diseases 2019;19(1):1-8.
  • Kamunge EW. (2013). Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Registered Nurses Regarding the Spread of Nosocomial Infections. [cited Nov 2022]. Available from: doi: http://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cg i?article=2872&context=dissertations
  • Siraj W, Azam N, Asif R, Riaz M, Raza FA & Razzaq M. Assessment of determinants of infection prevention and control in clinical practices among staff nurses in tertiary care hospital Rawalpindi. Foundation University Medical Journal 2022;4(2):11-17.
  • Gezie H, Leta E, Admasu F, Gedamu S, Dires A & Goshiye D. Healthcare worker knowledge, attitude and practice towards hospital acquired infection prevention at Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Clin J Nurs Care Pract 2019;3:059-063.
  • Flores JM & Borbe MMG. Knowledge, attitude, and practices toward COVID-19 and infection prevention and control among tertiary level hospital labor and delivery room healthcare workers in time of pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. Philippine Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022;46(1):1-8. doi: 10.4103/pjog.pjog_4_22
  • Bayleygn B, Mehari A, Damtie D & Negash M. Knowledge, attitude and practice on hospital-acquired infection prevention and associated factors among healthcare workers at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance 2021;14:259-266.
  • Shrestha GN & Thapa B. Knowledge and practice on infection prevention among nurses of Bir Hospital, Kathmandu. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 2018;16(3):330-335.
  • Kajang YG. Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice of infection prevention and control among nurses in hospital in jema’a local government area of Kaduna State. BW Academic Journal, 2022;12(2):91-98.
  • Okwii M. Knowledge, attitude and practices of nurses on prevention and control of hospital acquired infections in soroti Regional Referral Hospital, Doctoral dissertation, International Health Sciences University; 2017 [cited Dec 2022]. Available from: ttp://dspace.ciu.ac.ug:8080/bitstream/handle/123456789/1395/OKWII%20MOSES.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Kurt, S. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi sağlık uygulama ve araştırma hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerin hastane enfeksiyonlarına yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Master Thesis, Kahramanmaraş Maraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Kahramanmaraş; 2021 [cited 2023 Feb 1]. Available from: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
  • Nasiri A, Balouchi A, Rezaie-Keikhaie K, Bouya S, Sheyback M, & Al Rawajfah O. (2019). Knowledge, attitude, practice, and clinical recommendation toward infection control and prevention standards among nurses: A systematic review. American Journal of Infection control 2019;47(7):827-833. doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.11.022
  • Getahun AB, Belsti Y, Getnet M, Bitew DA, Gela YY, Belay DG, ... & Diress M. Knowledge of intensive care nurses’s towards prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in North West Ethiopia referral hospitals, 2021: A multicenter, cross-sectional study. Annals of Medicine and Surgery 2022;78:103895. doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103895
  • Thazha, S. K., Cruz, J. P., Alquwez, N., Scaria, B., Rengan, S. S., & Almazan, J. U. (2022). Infection prevention and control awareness, attitudes, and practices among healthcare professionals in South India. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 16(04), 659-667.
  • Fakery SF, Mohammed MA & Khalil SS. Awareness, knowledge and Practice about Injection Safety among Nurses Working in Medical and Surgical Department at Assiut Ministry Health Hospitals. Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal 2018;6(15):140-149. doı: 10.21608/asnj.2018.59664
  • Bunduki GK, Feasey N, Henrion M, Noah P, & Musaya J. Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in surgical wards of a large urban central hospital in Blantyre, Malawi: a point prevalence survey. Infection Prevention in Practice 2021;3(3):100163. doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2021.100163
  • Gezgel I, Yuce Y, Kuzucuoglu T, Erkal KH, Cevik B & Demirhan R. Evaluation of nosocomial infections and their relationships with demographic data in four different intensive care units of an education and research hospital. SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine 2019;1(12):1048-1055. doi:10.1007/s42399-019-00173-3
  • Mansuri MU & Mansuri F. A study to assess the effectiveness of a self-instructional module on prevention and control of nosocomial infection in terms of knowledge and practice among staff nurses working in surgical unit of the Civil hospital, Ahmadabad. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutic 2019; s9(4-s):1224-1225. doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-s.3946
  • Sattar F, Sattar Z, Zaman M & Akbar S. Frequency of post-operative surgical site infections in a Tertiary care hospital in Abbottabad, Pakistan. Cureus 2019;11(3):e4243. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4243

Nurses' Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes in Preventing Healthcare-associated Infections in a Tertiary Hospital in Gambia

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 150 - 161, 25.12.2023

Joseph Mendy Dilek Sarpkaya Güder

Abstract

Aim: To determine the knowledge, practices and attitudes of nurses working in a tertiary hospital in the Gambia regarding the prevention and control of healthcare-associated infections.
Materials and Methods: The study was conducted as a descriptive and cross-sectional design. A descriptive research design was conducted in a tertiary hospital in the Gambia. The population of this study was 441 nurses. The sample was calculated as 205 nurses using the sampling method whose population is known. The study data were collected using web-based surveys that are structured personal information form and the scale for knowledge, practice and attitude of nurses in infection prevention and control by the researcher. Data from this study were analyzed using, the Mann–Whitney U test, the post hoc test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test, and the Spear-Men test.
Results: The most of the nurses (60%) are female, almost half of them (48.3%) are 18-27 years old, and almost all of them (96.1%) are Gambian. It was found that nurses' knowledge, practice, and attitude scale total score mean in preventing and controlling healthcare-associated infections was 197.21. It was determined that the highest overall mean score (84.57) from the application, followed by knowledge (71.34) and the lowest attitude (41.30) score.
Conclusion: The level of knowledge and practice of nurses about preventing healthcare associated infections is at a good level. It is recommended that in-service education be planned to develop positive attitudes since the lowest score for prevention and control of the infection is in the attitude scale sub-dimension of nurses.

Keywords

Infection knowledge nurse practice prevention

References

  • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). [Internet]. Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs). [updated 2020 Dec 20; cited 2022]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/portal/index.html
  • Suleyman G, Alangaden G & Bardossy AC. The role of environmental contamination in the transmission of nosocomial pathogens and healthcare-associated infections. Current infectious disease reports 2018;20(6):1-11.
  • Alrubaiee G, Baharom A, Shahar HK, Daud SM & Basaleem HO. Knowledge and practices of nurses regarding nosocomial infection control measures in private hospitals in Sana’a City, Yemen. Safety in Health 2017;3(1):1-6.
  • World Health Organization (WHO). [Internet]. Publishes a global report on infection prevention and control. [updated 2022; cited 2022 Jul 6]. Available from: https://www.guidelines.co.uk/news/who-publishes-a-global-report-on-infection-prevention-and-control/456968.article
  • Rosenberg, A. (2016). Hand hygiene barriers faced by healthcare workers in the gambia: a health belief model approach. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1081964
  • Alojaimy RS, Nakamura K, Al-Sobaihi S, Tashiro Y, Watanabe N & Seino K. Infection prevention and control standards and associated factors: Case study of the level of knowledge and practices among nurses in a Saudi Arabian hospital. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Hygiene 2021;62(2):e501.doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.2.1957
  • Chitimwango PC. Knowledge, attitudes and practices of nurses in infection prevention and control within a tertiary hospital in Zambia, Doctoral dissertation, Stellenbosch: Stellenbosch University; 2017 [cited 2022 Nov 22]. Available from: https://scholar.sun.ac.za/handle/10019.1/101156
  • Hammoud S, Amer F, & Kocsis B. Examining the effect of infection prevention and control awareness among nurses on patient and family education: A cross‐sectional study. Nursing & Health Sciences 2022;24(1):140-151.doi.org/10.1111/nhs.12905
  • Safadi S, Kavuran E, Al Nuqiadan H, Tassi A, Fawaz M. Knowledge, attitude and practice for healthcare workers and clinical students about infection control measures awareness at Hospital. BAU Journal- Health and Wellbeing 2019;2(1):6. doi.org/10.54729/2789-8288.1027
  • Salem OA. Knowledge and practices of nurses in infection prevention and control within a tertiary care hospital. Ann Med Health Sci Res 2019; 9(1):422-425.
  • Bimerew M & Muhawenimana F. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices of nurses towards hand washing in infection prevention and control at a psychiatric hospital. International Journal of Africa Nursing Sciences 2022;6:100-399. doi.org/10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100399
  • Khatrawi, E. M., Prajjwal, P., Farhan, M., Inban, P., Gurha, S., Al‐ezzi, S. M., ... & Hussin, O. A. (2023). Evaluating the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of healthcare workers regarding high‐risk nosocomial infections: A global cross‐sectional study. Health Science Reports, 6(9), e1559.
  • Bittaye M, Idoko P, Ekele BA, Obed SA & Nyan O. Hepatitis B virus sero-prevalence amongst pregnant women in the Gambia. BMC infectious diseases 2019;19(1):1-8.
  • Kamunge EW. (2013). Exploring Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Registered Nurses Regarding the Spread of Nosocomial Infections. [cited Nov 2022]. Available from: doi: http://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cg i?article=2872&context=dissertations
  • Siraj W, Azam N, Asif R, Riaz M, Raza FA & Razzaq M. Assessment of determinants of infection prevention and control in clinical practices among staff nurses in tertiary care hospital Rawalpindi. Foundation University Medical Journal 2022;4(2):11-17.
  • Gezie H, Leta E, Admasu F, Gedamu S, Dires A & Goshiye D. Healthcare worker knowledge, attitude and practice towards hospital acquired infection prevention at Dessie referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia. Clin J Nurs Care Pract 2019;3:059-063.
  • Flores JM & Borbe MMG. Knowledge, attitude, and practices toward COVID-19 and infection prevention and control among tertiary level hospital labor and delivery room healthcare workers in time of pandemic: A cross-sectional survey. Philippine Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022;46(1):1-8. doi: 10.4103/pjog.pjog_4_22
  • Bayleygn B, Mehari A, Damtie D & Negash M. Knowledge, attitude and practice on hospital-acquired infection prevention and associated factors among healthcare workers at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Infection and Drug Resistance 2021;14:259-266.
  • Shrestha GN & Thapa B. Knowledge and practice on infection prevention among nurses of Bir Hospital, Kathmandu. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 2018;16(3):330-335.
  • Kajang YG. Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice of infection prevention and control among nurses in hospital in jema’a local government area of Kaduna State. BW Academic Journal, 2022;12(2):91-98.
  • Okwii M. Knowledge, attitude and practices of nurses on prevention and control of hospital acquired infections in soroti Regional Referral Hospital, Doctoral dissertation, International Health Sciences University; 2017 [cited Dec 2022]. Available from: ttp://dspace.ciu.ac.ug:8080/bitstream/handle/123456789/1395/OKWII%20MOSES.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
  • Kurt, S. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi sağlık uygulama ve araştırma hastanesinde çalışan hemşirelerin hastane enfeksiyonlarına yönelik bilgi düzeylerinin belirlenmesi. Master Thesis, Kahramanmaraş Maraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Kahramanmaraş; 2021 [cited 2023 Feb 1]. Available from: https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi
  • Nasiri A, Balouchi A, Rezaie-Keikhaie K, Bouya S, Sheyback M, & Al Rawajfah O. (2019). Knowledge, attitude, practice, and clinical recommendation toward infection control and prevention standards among nurses: A systematic review. American Journal of Infection control 2019;47(7):827-833. doi.org/10.1016/j.ajic.2018.11.022
  • Getahun AB, Belsti Y, Getnet M, Bitew DA, Gela YY, Belay DG, ... & Diress M. Knowledge of intensive care nurses’s towards prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia in North West Ethiopia referral hospitals, 2021: A multicenter, cross-sectional study. Annals of Medicine and Surgery 2022;78:103895. doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2022.103895
  • Thazha, S. K., Cruz, J. P., Alquwez, N., Scaria, B., Rengan, S. S., & Almazan, J. U. (2022). Infection prevention and control awareness, attitudes, and practices among healthcare professionals in South India. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 16(04), 659-667.
  • Fakery SF, Mohammed MA & Khalil SS. Awareness, knowledge and Practice about Injection Safety among Nurses Working in Medical and Surgical Department at Assiut Ministry Health Hospitals. Assiut Scientific Nursing Journal 2018;6(15):140-149. doı: 10.21608/asnj.2018.59664
  • Bunduki GK, Feasey N, Henrion M, Noah P, & Musaya J. Healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial use in surgical wards of a large urban central hospital in Blantyre, Malawi: a point prevalence survey. Infection Prevention in Practice 2021;3(3):100163. doi.org/10.1016/j.infpip.2021.100163
  • Gezgel I, Yuce Y, Kuzucuoglu T, Erkal KH, Cevik B & Demirhan R. Evaluation of nosocomial infections and their relationships with demographic data in four different intensive care units of an education and research hospital. SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine 2019;1(12):1048-1055. doi:10.1007/s42399-019-00173-3
  • Mansuri MU & Mansuri F. A study to assess the effectiveness of a self-instructional module on prevention and control of nosocomial infection in terms of knowledge and practice among staff nurses working in surgical unit of the Civil hospital, Ahmadabad. Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutic 2019; s9(4-s):1224-1225. doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-s.3946
  • Sattar F, Sattar Z, Zaman M & Akbar S. Frequency of post-operative surgical site infections in a Tertiary care hospital in Abbottabad, Pakistan. Cureus 2019;11(3):e4243. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4243
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Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Surgical Diseases Nursing​​
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Joseph Mendy 0009-0001-3241-4094

Dilek Sarpkaya Güder 0000-0002-1196-5196

Early Pub Date December 15, 2023
Publication Date December 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 4 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Mendy J, Sarpkaya Güder D. Nurses’ Knowledge, Practice, and Attitudes in Preventing Healthcare-associated Infections in a Tertiary Hospital in Gambia. JTNA. 2023;4(3):150-61.
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