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CAUSES OF HYPERCALCEMIA IN CHILDREN

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 44 - 57, 04.05.2023

Sümeyye Evsile

https://doi.org/10.55895/sshs.1229006
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Calcium is an electrolyte that is effective in maintaining cell integrity and is found at a high rate in the body. Hypercalcemia is an uncommon but vital electrolyte disorder in childhood, unlike adults. Long-term exposure to hypercalcemia may be associated with mortality and morbidity. Hypercalcemia may develop due to many reasons and there are usually no specific findings at presentation. Therefore, when evaluating hypercalcemia cases, it should be kept in mind that there is a wide differential diagnosis list and that there are different treatment approaches.

Keywords

Etiology Hypercalcemia Treatment

Project Number

yok

References

  • Al-Shanafey, S., Al-Hosaini, R., Al-Ashwal, A., & Al-Rabeeah, A. (2010). Surgical management of severe neonatal hyperparathyroidism: one center's experience. J Pediatr Surg, 45(4), 714-717. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.08.005
  • Allgrove, J. (2015). Physiology of calcium, phosphate, magnesium and vitamin D. Calcium and BoneDisorders in Children and Adolescents, 28, 7-32.
  • Belcher, R., Metrailer, A. M., Bodenner, D. L., & Stack, B. C., Jr. (2013). Characterization of hyperparathyroidism in youth and adolescents: a literature review. Int J PediatrOtorhinolaryngol, 77(3), 318-322. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.12.008
  • Bergstrom, W. H. (1978). Hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia complicating immobilization. Am J DisChild, 132(6), 553-554. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1978.02120310017001
  • Bettinelli, A., Ciarmatori, S., Cesareo, L., Tedeschi, S., Ruffa, G., Appiani, A. C., . Sacco, M. (2000). Phenotypic variability in Bartter syndrome type I. Pediatric Nephrology, 14(10), 940-945.
  • Brown, E. M. (1997). Mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor and their clinical implications.Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 48(5), 199-208.
  • Brown, E. M. (2000). Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and other disorders with resistance to extracellular calcium. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 29(3), 503-522. doi: 10.1016/s0889- 8529(05)70148-1
  • Cunniff, C., Frias, J., Kaye, C., Moeschler, J., Panny, S., & Trotter, T. (2001). Health care supervision for children with Williams syndrome. Pediatrics, 107(5), 1192-1204.
  • Davies, J. H. (2015). Approach to the Child with Hypercalcaemia. Calcium and Bone Disorders inChildren and Adolescents, 28, 101-118.
  • De Rubens Figueroa, J., Rodríguez, L. M., Hach, J. L., Del Castillo Ruíz, V., & Martínez, H. O. (2008). Cardiovascular spectrum in Williams-Beuren syndrome: the Mexican experience in 40 patients. Tex Heart Inst J, 35(3), 279-285.
  • Díaz-Soto, G., Rocher, A., García-Rodríguez, C., Núñez, L., & Villalobos, C. (2016). The CalciumSensing Receptor in Health and Disease. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol, 327, 321-369. doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.05.004
  • Diaz, R. (2007). Calcium disorders in children and adolescents in Lifshitz Pediatric endocrinology (pp.475-495). Newyork: İnforma healthcare.
  • Foley, T. P., Jr., Harrison, H. C., Arnaud, C. D., & Harrison, H. E. (1972). Familial benign hypercalcemia.J Pediatr, 81(6), 1060-1067. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(72)80232-4
  • Greenstein, B., & Wood, D. (2011). The Endocine System at a Glance (3 ed., pp. 104-107): Blackwell Publishing.Evsile, S. (2023), Causes of Hypercalcemia in Children, Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Science, 5(1), 44-57
  • Harman, C. R., van Heerden, J. A., Farley, D. R., Grant, C. S., Thompson, G. B., & Curlee, K. (1999).Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism in young patients: a separate disease entity Archives of surgery, 134(6), 651-656.
  • Holick, M. (1999). Vitamin D. In O. J. Shills ME, Shike M, Ross CA (Ed.), Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease (9 ed., pp. 329-345). Baltimore: Williams & Williams.
  • Kollars, J., Zarroug, A. E., van Heerden, J., Lteif, A., Stavlo, P., Suarez, L., . . . Rodeberg, D. (2005). Primary hyperparathyroidism in pediatric patients. Pediatrics, 115(4), 974-980. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-0804
  • Kovacs, C. S., Lanske, B., Hunzelman, J. L., Guo, J., Karaplis, A. C., & Kronenberg, H. M. (1996). Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) regulates fetal–placental calcium transport through a receptor distinct from the PTH/PTHrP receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(26), 15233-15238.
  • Letavernier, E., Rodenas, A., Guerrot, D., & Haymann, J. P. (2012). Williams-Beuren syndrome hypercalcemia: is TRPC3 a novel mediator in calcium homeostasis? Pediatrics, 129(6), e1626- 1630. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2507
  • Lieben, L., Carmeliet, G., & Masuyama, R. (2011). Calcemic actions of vitamin D: effects on the intestine, kidney and bone. Best practice & research Clinical endocrinology & metabolism,25(4), 561-572.
  • Loughead, J. L., Mughal, Z., Mimouni, F., Tsang, R. C., & Oestreich, A. E. (1990). Spectrum and natural history of congenital hyperparathyroidism secondary to maternal hypocalcemia. Am JPerinatol, 7(4), 350-355.
  • Mallet, E. (2008). Primary hyperparathyroidism in neonates and childhood. The French experience (1984-2004). Horm Res, 69(3), 180-188. doi: 10.1159/000112592
  • Mamedova, E., Kolodkina, A., Vasilyev, E. V., Petrov, V., Belaya, Z., & Tiulpakov, A. (2020). Successful Use of Denosumab for Life-Threatening Hypercalcemia in a Pediatric Patient with PrimaryHyperparathyroidism. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 93(4), 272-278.
  • Mayr, B., Schnabel, D., Dörr, H. G., & Schöfl, C. (2016). Genetics in Endokrınology: Gain and loss of function mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor and associated proteins: current treatment concepts. Eur J Endocrinol, 174(5), R189-208. doi: 10.1530/eje-15-1028
  • McKay, C., & Furman, W. L. (1993). Hypercalcemia complicating childhood malignancies. Cancer,72(1), 256-260.
  • Misselwitz, J., Hesse, V., & Markestad, T. (1990). Nephrocalcinosis, Hypercalciuria and Elevated Serum Levels of 1, 25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D in Children Possible Link to Vitamin D Toxicity. ActaPædiatrica, 79(6‐7), 637-643.
  • Mitchell, R. (1960). The prognosis in idiopathic hypercalcaemia of infants. Archives of disease inchildhood, 35(182), 383.
  • Molin, A., Baudoin, R., Kaufmann, M., Souberbielle, J. C., Ryckewaert, A., Vantyghem, M. C., Kottler, M. L. (2015). CYP24A1 Mutations in a Cohort of Hypercalcemic Patients: Evidence for a Recessive Trait. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 100(10), E1343-1352. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-4387
  • Özkan, B., Hatun, S., & Bereket, A. (2012). Vitamin D intoxication. The Turkish journal of pediatrics,54(2), 93.
  • Pronicka, E., Kulczycka, H., Lorenc, R., Prószyoska, K., Grdzka, J., & Rowioska, E. (1988). Increased serum level of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 after parathyroid hormone in the normocalcemicphase of idiopathic hypercalcemia. The Journal of pediatrics, 112(6), 930-933.
  • Rajagopal, A., Braslavsky, D., Lu, J. T., Kleppe, S., Clément, F., Cassinelli, H., .Bergadá, I. (2014). Exome sequencing identifies a novel homozygous mutation in the phosphate transporter SLC34A1 in hypophosphatemia and nephrocalcinosis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 99(11), E2451-E2456.
  • Rodriguez-Soriano, J., Garcia-Fuentes, M., Vallo, A., & Álvarez-Granda, J. (2000). Hypercalcemia in neonatal distal renal tubular acidosis. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 14(4), 354-355.
  • Ross, A. C., Manson, J. E., Abrams, S. A., Aloia, J. F., Brannon, P. M., Clinton, S. K., Shapses, S. A. (2011). The 2011 report on dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: what clinicians need to know. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 96(1), 53-58.doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2704
  • Saarela, T., Similä, S., & Koivisto, M. (1995). Hypercalcemia and nephrocalcinosis in patients with congenital lactase deficiency. The Journal of pediatrics, 127(6), 920-923.
  • Sadacharan, D., Mahadevan, S., Rao, S. S., Kumar, A. P., Swathi, S., Kumar, S., & Kannan, S. (2020). Neonatal Severe Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Series of Four Cases and their Long-term Management in India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab, 24(2), 196-201. doi: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_53_20
  • Samuel, H. (1964). Infantile Hypercalcaemia, Nutritional Rickets, And Infantile Scurvy In Great Britain. A British Paediatric Association Report. British medical journal, 1(5399), 1659-1661.Evsile, S. (2023), Causes of Hypercalcemia in Children, Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Science, 5(1), 44-57
  • Schlingmann, K. P., Ruminska, J., Kaufmann, M., Dursun, I., Patti, M., Kranz, B., Konrad, M. (2016). Autosomal-Recessive Mutations in SLC34A1 Encoding Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter 2A Cause Idiopathic Infantile Hypercalcemia. J Am Soc Nephrol, 27(2), 604-614. doi: 10.1681/asn.2014101025
  • Srivastava, T., & Alon, U. S. (1999). Bisphosphonates: from grandparents to grandchildren. Clinicalpediatrics, 38(12), 687-702.
  • Strohm, B., Hobson, A., Brocklehurst, P., Edwards, A. D., & Azzopardi, D. (2011). Subcutaneous fat necrosis after moderate therapeutic hypothermia in neonates. Pediatrics, 128(2), e450-452. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-3508
  • Szalat, A., Shpitzen, S., Tsur, A., Koren, I. Z., Shilo, S., Tripto-Shkolnik, L., Meiner, V. (2017).
  • Stepwise CaSR, AP2S1, and GNA11 sequencing in patients with suspected familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. Endocrine, 55(3), 741-747.
  • Tsiaras, W. G., & Weinstock, M. A. (2011). Factors influencing vitamin D status. Acta dermatovenereologica, 91(2), 115-124.
  • Vahe, C., Benomar, K., Espiard, S., Coppin, L., Jannin, A., Odou, M.-F., & Vantyghem, M.-C. (2017). Diseases associated with calcium-sensing receptor. Orphanet J Rare Dis, 12(1), 1-9.
  • Whyte, M. P., Rockman-Greenberg, C., Ozono, K., Riese, R., Moseley, S., Melian, A., Hofmann, C. (2016). Asfotase Alfa Treatment Improves Survival for Perinatal and Infantile Hypophosphatasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 101(1), 334-342. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-3462

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 1, 44 - 57, 04.05.2023

Sümeyye Evsile

https://doi.org/10.55895/sshs.1229006
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

Thanks

yok

References

  • Al-Shanafey, S., Al-Hosaini, R., Al-Ashwal, A., & Al-Rabeeah, A. (2010). Surgical management of severe neonatal hyperparathyroidism: one center's experience. J Pediatr Surg, 45(4), 714-717. doi: 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2009.08.005
  • Allgrove, J. (2015). Physiology of calcium, phosphate, magnesium and vitamin D. Calcium and BoneDisorders in Children and Adolescents, 28, 7-32.
  • Belcher, R., Metrailer, A. M., Bodenner, D. L., & Stack, B. C., Jr. (2013). Characterization of hyperparathyroidism in youth and adolescents: a literature review. Int J PediatrOtorhinolaryngol, 77(3), 318-322. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2012.12.008
  • Bergstrom, W. H. (1978). Hypercalciuria and hypercalcemia complicating immobilization. Am J DisChild, 132(6), 553-554. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1978.02120310017001
  • Bettinelli, A., Ciarmatori, S., Cesareo, L., Tedeschi, S., Ruffa, G., Appiani, A. C., . Sacco, M. (2000). Phenotypic variability in Bartter syndrome type I. Pediatric Nephrology, 14(10), 940-945.
  • Brown, E. M. (1997). Mutations in the calcium-sensing receptor and their clinical implications.Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 48(5), 199-208.
  • Brown, E. M. (2000). Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and other disorders with resistance to extracellular calcium. Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am, 29(3), 503-522. doi: 10.1016/s0889- 8529(05)70148-1
  • Cunniff, C., Frias, J., Kaye, C., Moeschler, J., Panny, S., & Trotter, T. (2001). Health care supervision for children with Williams syndrome. Pediatrics, 107(5), 1192-1204.
  • Davies, J. H. (2015). Approach to the Child with Hypercalcaemia. Calcium and Bone Disorders inChildren and Adolescents, 28, 101-118.
  • De Rubens Figueroa, J., Rodríguez, L. M., Hach, J. L., Del Castillo Ruíz, V., & Martínez, H. O. (2008). Cardiovascular spectrum in Williams-Beuren syndrome: the Mexican experience in 40 patients. Tex Heart Inst J, 35(3), 279-285.
  • Díaz-Soto, G., Rocher, A., García-Rodríguez, C., Núñez, L., & Villalobos, C. (2016). The CalciumSensing Receptor in Health and Disease. Int Rev Cell Mol Biol, 327, 321-369. doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2016.05.004
  • Diaz, R. (2007). Calcium disorders in children and adolescents in Lifshitz Pediatric endocrinology (pp.475-495). Newyork: İnforma healthcare.
  • Foley, T. P., Jr., Harrison, H. C., Arnaud, C. D., & Harrison, H. E. (1972). Familial benign hypercalcemia.J Pediatr, 81(6), 1060-1067. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(72)80232-4
  • Greenstein, B., & Wood, D. (2011). The Endocine System at a Glance (3 ed., pp. 104-107): Blackwell Publishing.Evsile, S. (2023), Causes of Hypercalcemia in Children, Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Science, 5(1), 44-57
  • Harman, C. R., van Heerden, J. A., Farley, D. R., Grant, C. S., Thompson, G. B., & Curlee, K. (1999).Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism in young patients: a separate disease entity Archives of surgery, 134(6), 651-656.
  • Holick, M. (1999). Vitamin D. In O. J. Shills ME, Shike M, Ross CA (Ed.), Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease (9 ed., pp. 329-345). Baltimore: Williams & Williams.
  • Kollars, J., Zarroug, A. E., van Heerden, J., Lteif, A., Stavlo, P., Suarez, L., . . . Rodeberg, D. (2005). Primary hyperparathyroidism in pediatric patients. Pediatrics, 115(4), 974-980. doi: 10.1542/peds.2004-0804
  • Kovacs, C. S., Lanske, B., Hunzelman, J. L., Guo, J., Karaplis, A. C., & Kronenberg, H. M. (1996). Parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) regulates fetal–placental calcium transport through a receptor distinct from the PTH/PTHrP receptor. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 93(26), 15233-15238.
  • Letavernier, E., Rodenas, A., Guerrot, D., & Haymann, J. P. (2012). Williams-Beuren syndrome hypercalcemia: is TRPC3 a novel mediator in calcium homeostasis? Pediatrics, 129(6), e1626- 1630. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-2507
  • Lieben, L., Carmeliet, G., & Masuyama, R. (2011). Calcemic actions of vitamin D: effects on the intestine, kidney and bone. Best practice & research Clinical endocrinology & metabolism,25(4), 561-572.
  • Loughead, J. L., Mughal, Z., Mimouni, F., Tsang, R. C., & Oestreich, A. E. (1990). Spectrum and natural history of congenital hyperparathyroidism secondary to maternal hypocalcemia. Am JPerinatol, 7(4), 350-355.
  • Mallet, E. (2008). Primary hyperparathyroidism in neonates and childhood. The French experience (1984-2004). Horm Res, 69(3), 180-188. doi: 10.1159/000112592
  • Mamedova, E., Kolodkina, A., Vasilyev, E. V., Petrov, V., Belaya, Z., & Tiulpakov, A. (2020). Successful Use of Denosumab for Life-Threatening Hypercalcemia in a Pediatric Patient with PrimaryHyperparathyroidism. Hormone Research in Paediatrics, 93(4), 272-278.
  • Mayr, B., Schnabel, D., Dörr, H. G., & Schöfl, C. (2016). Genetics in Endokrınology: Gain and loss of function mutations of the calcium-sensing receptor and associated proteins: current treatment concepts. Eur J Endocrinol, 174(5), R189-208. doi: 10.1530/eje-15-1028
  • McKay, C., & Furman, W. L. (1993). Hypercalcemia complicating childhood malignancies. Cancer,72(1), 256-260.
  • Misselwitz, J., Hesse, V., & Markestad, T. (1990). Nephrocalcinosis, Hypercalciuria and Elevated Serum Levels of 1, 25‐Dihydroxyvitamin D in Children Possible Link to Vitamin D Toxicity. ActaPædiatrica, 79(6‐7), 637-643.
  • Mitchell, R. (1960). The prognosis in idiopathic hypercalcaemia of infants. Archives of disease inchildhood, 35(182), 383.
  • Molin, A., Baudoin, R., Kaufmann, M., Souberbielle, J. C., Ryckewaert, A., Vantyghem, M. C., Kottler, M. L. (2015). CYP24A1 Mutations in a Cohort of Hypercalcemic Patients: Evidence for a Recessive Trait. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 100(10), E1343-1352. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-4387
  • Özkan, B., Hatun, S., & Bereket, A. (2012). Vitamin D intoxication. The Turkish journal of pediatrics,54(2), 93.
  • Pronicka, E., Kulczycka, H., Lorenc, R., Prószyoska, K., Grdzka, J., & Rowioska, E. (1988). Increased serum level of 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 after parathyroid hormone in the normocalcemicphase of idiopathic hypercalcemia. The Journal of pediatrics, 112(6), 930-933.
  • Rajagopal, A., Braslavsky, D., Lu, J. T., Kleppe, S., Clément, F., Cassinelli, H., .Bergadá, I. (2014). Exome sequencing identifies a novel homozygous mutation in the phosphate transporter SLC34A1 in hypophosphatemia and nephrocalcinosis. The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 99(11), E2451-E2456.
  • Rodriguez-Soriano, J., Garcia-Fuentes, M., Vallo, A., & Álvarez-Granda, J. (2000). Hypercalcemia in neonatal distal renal tubular acidosis. Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany), 14(4), 354-355.
  • Ross, A. C., Manson, J. E., Abrams, S. A., Aloia, J. F., Brannon, P. M., Clinton, S. K., Shapses, S. A. (2011). The 2011 report on dietary reference intakes for calcium and vitamin D from the Institute of Medicine: what clinicians need to know. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 96(1), 53-58.doi: 10.1210/jc.2010-2704
  • Saarela, T., Similä, S., & Koivisto, M. (1995). Hypercalcemia and nephrocalcinosis in patients with congenital lactase deficiency. The Journal of pediatrics, 127(6), 920-923.
  • Sadacharan, D., Mahadevan, S., Rao, S. S., Kumar, A. P., Swathi, S., Kumar, S., & Kannan, S. (2020). Neonatal Severe Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Series of Four Cases and their Long-term Management in India. Indian J Endocrinol Metab, 24(2), 196-201. doi: 10.4103/ijem.IJEM_53_20
  • Samuel, H. (1964). Infantile Hypercalcaemia, Nutritional Rickets, And Infantile Scurvy In Great Britain. A British Paediatric Association Report. British medical journal, 1(5399), 1659-1661.Evsile, S. (2023), Causes of Hypercalcemia in Children, Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Science, 5(1), 44-57
  • Schlingmann, K. P., Ruminska, J., Kaufmann, M., Dursun, I., Patti, M., Kranz, B., Konrad, M. (2016). Autosomal-Recessive Mutations in SLC34A1 Encoding Sodium-Phosphate Cotransporter 2A Cause Idiopathic Infantile Hypercalcemia. J Am Soc Nephrol, 27(2), 604-614. doi: 10.1681/asn.2014101025
  • Srivastava, T., & Alon, U. S. (1999). Bisphosphonates: from grandparents to grandchildren. Clinicalpediatrics, 38(12), 687-702.
  • Strohm, B., Hobson, A., Brocklehurst, P., Edwards, A. D., & Azzopardi, D. (2011). Subcutaneous fat necrosis after moderate therapeutic hypothermia in neonates. Pediatrics, 128(2), e450-452. doi: 10.1542/peds.2010-3508
  • Szalat, A., Shpitzen, S., Tsur, A., Koren, I. Z., Shilo, S., Tripto-Shkolnik, L., Meiner, V. (2017).
  • Stepwise CaSR, AP2S1, and GNA11 sequencing in patients with suspected familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia. Endocrine, 55(3), 741-747.
  • Tsiaras, W. G., & Weinstock, M. A. (2011). Factors influencing vitamin D status. Acta dermatovenereologica, 91(2), 115-124.
  • Vahe, C., Benomar, K., Espiard, S., Coppin, L., Jannin, A., Odou, M.-F., & Vantyghem, M.-C. (2017). Diseases associated with calcium-sensing receptor. Orphanet J Rare Dis, 12(1), 1-9.
  • Whyte, M. P., Rockman-Greenberg, C., Ozono, K., Riese, R., Moseley, S., Melian, A., Hofmann, C. (2016). Asfotase Alfa Treatment Improves Survival for Perinatal and Infantile Hypophosphatasia. J Clin Endocrinol Metab, 101(1), 334-342. doi: 10.1210/jc.2015-3462
There are 44 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences
Journal Section Rewiev
Authors

Sümeyye Evsile 0000-0001-8118-0477

Project Number yok
Publication Date May 4, 2023
Submission Date January 3, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Evsile, S. (2023). CAUSES OF HYPERCALCEMIA IN CHILDREN. Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Sciences, 5(1), 44-57. https://doi.org/10.55895/sshs.1229006

Cited By

CAUSES OF HYPERCALCEMIA IN CHILDREN
Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Sciences
https://doi.org/10.55895/sshs.1229006