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EXAMINATION OF THE TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS' GENERAL SELF-EFFICACY PERCEPTIONS AND SOURCES OF SPORTS MOTIVATION

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 52 - 61, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.634465

Abstract

This study aims to examine the Turkish Table Tennis Super League elite players’ general self-efficacy perceptions and motivation sources. The sample of research consist of 66 male (69,5%) and 29 female (30,5%) participants who are participated voluntarily among national players at the Turkish Table Tennis Super League in 2019. In the research, the “Sports Motivation Scale” and “General Self-Efficacy Scale” are applied as a data gathering instruments in the research. The relations between variables are tested with factor analysis, correlation analysis and SEM Partial Least Squares. The results of this study have shown that sub-dimensions of intrinsic (β: 0,321, p<0,05), introjected (β: 0,314, p<0,05), integrated (β: 0,271, p<0,05) and identified (β: 0,327, p<0,05) have a positive and significant effects on self-efficacy. On the other hand, amotivated (β: -0,230, p<0,05) sub-dimension has a negative effect on self-efficacy. Moreover, the findings do not support the existence of a statistically significant relationship between general self-efficacy and external (β:0,504, p<0,05) which is one of the sport motivation sub-dimension. In conclusion, these findings show that the belief of self-efficacy as players’ motivation and performance increases. It is important that trainers and club managers know ways to increase the general self-efficacy perceptions of players. Trainers can increase their general self-efficacy beliefs thanks to teaching them enriched with new training techniques, psychological support and creating effective learning environments.

References

  • Aydin, S. (2015). An analysis of the relationship between high school student’s self-efficacy metacognitive strategy use and their academic motivation for learn biology. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(2). doi:10.11114/jets.v4i2.1113.
  • Aypay, A. (2010). Genel öz yeterlik ölçeği'nin (GÖYÖ) Türkçe'ye uyarlama çalışması. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 113-132.
  • Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273-285. doi:10.1037/ocp0000056.
  • Bakker, A. B., Woerkom, M. V. (2017). Flow at work: a self-determination perspective. Occupational Health Science, 1(1-2), 47-65. doi:10.1007/s41542-017-0003-3.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, W.H. Freeman Times Books, Henry Holt & Company.
  • Bandura, A. (2012). On the functional properties of perceived self- efficacy revisited. Journal of Management, 38, 9–44.
  • Barnett, F. (2013). The effect of exercise on affective and self-efficacy responses in older and younger women. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 10(1), 97-105.
  • Benabou, R., Tirole, J. (2002). Self-confidence and personal motivation. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(3), pp.871-915.
  • Bora, M. V., Cengiz, R., (2016). The effect of communication between student athletes and physical education teachers on competition success and motivation, SHS Web of Conference.
  • De Young, R. (2000). Expanding and evaluating motives for environmentally responsible behaviour. Journal of Social Issues, 56, 509-526.
  • Gibson, C., Randel, A., Early, P. (2000). Understanding group efficacy. Group and Organization Management, 25, 67-98.
  • Henson, R. K., Stephens, J., Grant, G. S. (1999), Self- efficacy in preservice teachers: testing the limits of non- experimental feedback. ERIC Document, 436-482.
  • Horta, T. A., Filho, M. G. B., Coimbra, D. R., Miranda, R., Werneck, F. Z. (2019). Training load, physical performance, biochemical markers, and psychological stress during a short preparatory period in Brazilian elite male volleyball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(12), 3392–3399.
  • Hutzler, Y., Zach, S., Gafni, O. (2005). Physical education students’ attitudes and self-efficacy towards the participation of children with special needs in regular classes. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 20(3), 309– 327.
  • Kheirkhah, M., Joghi, Z. Z., Jalal, E. J., Haghani, H. (2017). The relationship between self-efficacy and motivation among midwifery students of tehran university of medical sciences in 2016, Der Pharmacia Lettre, 9(1), 29-37.
  • Koçak, Ç.V. (2015). Vocational efficacy of volleyball coaches. (Dissertation). Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara. Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
  • Kleijnen, M., Ruyter, K. D., Wetzels, M. (2007). An assessment of value creation in mobile service delivery and the moderating role of time consciousness. Journal of Retailing, 83(1), 33–46.
  • Kudo, H., Mori, K., (2015). A preliminary study of increasing self-efficacy in junior high school students: induced success and a vicarious experience, Psychological Reports: Sociocultural Issues in Psychology, 117(2), 631-642.
  • Matosic, D., Cox, A. E., Amorose, A. J. (2014). Scholarship status, controlling coaching behaviour, and intrinsic motivation in collegiate swimmers: A test of cognitive evaluation theory. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 3(1), 1-12.
  • Matsuo, Y., Shunsuke, M., Takahiro, T., Naoyuki, K. 2015. Self -efficacy estimation for health promotion support with robot partner. In International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 758–762.
  • Mouloud, K. (2017). Self-efficacy among football players between 16 -19 years. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 5(23), 87–94.
  • Mouratidis, A., Michou, A. (2011). Perfectionism, self-determined motivation, and coping among adolescent athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12(4), 355-367.
  • Nilsson, E. (2017). The relationships between students´ achievements, self-efficacy and motivation in biology education (Dissertation). Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60316
  • Öcal, K. ve Sakallı, D. (2018). Sporda Güdülenme Ölçeği-II'nin Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. International Journal of Sport, Exercise & Training Sciences - IJSETS, 4 (1), 39-48.
  • Pajares, F. (2003). Self-efficacy beliefs, motivation, and achievement in writing: a review of the literature. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 19, 139-158.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Rocchi, M. A., Vallerand, R. J., Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M. (2013). Validation of the revised sport motivation scale (SMS-II). Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(3), 329-341.
  • Reeve, J., Deci, E. L. (1996). Elements within the competitive situation that affect intrinsic motivation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(1), 24-33.
  • Sanli, S. (2014). Polis Akademisi öğrencilerinin genel öz yeterlik inançları ve sporda güdülenme kaynaklarının incelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(4), 172-183.
  • Schmidt, A. M., DeShon, R. P. (2009). Prior performance and goal progress as moderators of the relationship between self-efficacy and performance. Human Performance, 22, 191–203.
  • Schwarzer, R., Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35-37). Windsor, UK: Nfer-Nelson.
  • Sivrikaya, M. H. (2019). The role of self-efficacy on performance of sports skills of football players. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(12a), 75.
  • Stocker, E., Englert, C., Seiler, R. (2018). Self-control strength and mindfulness in physical exercise performance: does a short mindfulness induction compensate for the detrimental ego depletion effect?, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 31(3), 324–339.
  • Strachen, S. M., Brawley, L.R., Spink, K.S., Sweet, S.N., Perras, M.G.M. (2015). Self-regulatory efficacy’s role in the relationship between exercise identity and perceptions of and actual exercise behaviour. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 18, 53-59.
  • Tabernero, C., Hernández, B. (2010). Self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation guiding environmental behavior. Environment and Behavior, 43(5), 658–675.
  • Tazegul, U. (2012). The comparison of motivational levels of sportsmen in the different individual branches. International Journal of Sport Studies, 2(11), 576- 581.
  • Tenenhaus, M. (2008). Component-based structural equation modelling. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 19(7-8), 871–886.
  • Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C., Ntoumanis, N. (2006). The role of self-determined motivation in the understanding of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 393–404.
  • Uzunsakal, E., Yıldız, D. (2018). Alan araştırmalarında güvenilirlik testlerinin karşılaştırılması ve tarımsal veriler üzerine bir uygulama. Uygulamalı Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), 14-28.
  • Vancouver, J. B., More, K. M., Yoder, R. J. (2008). Self-efficacy and resource allocation: support for a non-monotonic, discontinuous model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 35–47.
  • Yoon, E., Chang, C., Kim, S., Clawson, A., Cleary, S. E., Hansen, M., Gomes, A. M. (2013). A meta-analysis of acculturation/enculturation and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(1), 15-30.

EXAMINATION OF THE TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS' GENERAL SELF-EFFICACY PERCEPTIONS AND SOURCES OF SPORTS MOTIVATION

Year 2020, Volume: 18 Issue: 3, 52 - 61, 30.09.2020
https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.634465

Abstract

This study aims to examine the Turkish Table Tennis Super League elite players’ general self-efficacy perceptions and motivation sources. The sample of research consist of 66 male (69,5%) and 29 female (30,5%) participants who are participated voluntarily among national players at the Turkish Table Tennis Super League in 2019. In the research, the “Sports Motivation Scale” and “General Self-Efficacy Scale” are applied as a data gathering instruments in the research. The relations between variables are tested with factor analysis, correlation analysis and SEM Partial Least Squares. The results of this study have shown that sub-dimensions of intrinsic (β: 0,321, p<0,05), introjected (β: 0,314, p<0,05), integrated (β: 0,271, p<0,05) and identified (β: 0,327, p<0,05) have a positive and significant effects on self-efficacy. On the other hand, amotivated (β: -0,230, p<0,05) sub-dimension has a negative effect on self-efficacy. Moreover, the findings do not support the existence of a statistically significant relationship between general self-efficacy and external (β:0,504, p<0,05) which is one of the sport motivation sub-dimension. In conclusion, these findings show that the belief of self-efficacy as players’ motivation and performance increases. It is important that trainers and club managers know ways to increase the general self-efficacy perceptions of players. Trainers can increase their general self-efficacy beliefs thanks to teaching them enriched with new training techniques, psychological support and creating effective learning environments.

References

  • Aydin, S. (2015). An analysis of the relationship between high school student’s self-efficacy metacognitive strategy use and their academic motivation for learn biology. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(2). doi:10.11114/jets.v4i2.1113.
  • Aypay, A. (2010). Genel öz yeterlik ölçeği'nin (GÖYÖ) Türkçe'ye uyarlama çalışması. İnönü Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 11(2), 113-132.
  • Bakker, A. B., Demerouti, E. (2017). Job demands–resources theory: Taking stock and looking forward. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 22(3), 273-285. doi:10.1037/ocp0000056.
  • Bakker, A. B., Woerkom, M. V. (2017). Flow at work: a self-determination perspective. Occupational Health Science, 1(1-2), 47-65. doi:10.1007/s41542-017-0003-3.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-Efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, W.H. Freeman Times Books, Henry Holt & Company.
  • Bandura, A. (2012). On the functional properties of perceived self- efficacy revisited. Journal of Management, 38, 9–44.
  • Barnett, F. (2013). The effect of exercise on affective and self-efficacy responses in older and younger women. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 10(1), 97-105.
  • Benabou, R., Tirole, J. (2002). Self-confidence and personal motivation. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 117(3), pp.871-915.
  • Bora, M. V., Cengiz, R., (2016). The effect of communication between student athletes and physical education teachers on competition success and motivation, SHS Web of Conference.
  • De Young, R. (2000). Expanding and evaluating motives for environmentally responsible behaviour. Journal of Social Issues, 56, 509-526.
  • Gibson, C., Randel, A., Early, P. (2000). Understanding group efficacy. Group and Organization Management, 25, 67-98.
  • Henson, R. K., Stephens, J., Grant, G. S. (1999), Self- efficacy in preservice teachers: testing the limits of non- experimental feedback. ERIC Document, 436-482.
  • Horta, T. A., Filho, M. G. B., Coimbra, D. R., Miranda, R., Werneck, F. Z. (2019). Training load, physical performance, biochemical markers, and psychological stress during a short preparatory period in Brazilian elite male volleyball players. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(12), 3392–3399.
  • Hutzler, Y., Zach, S., Gafni, O. (2005). Physical education students’ attitudes and self-efficacy towards the participation of children with special needs in regular classes. European Journal of Special Needs Education, 20(3), 309– 327.
  • Kheirkhah, M., Joghi, Z. Z., Jalal, E. J., Haghani, H. (2017). The relationship between self-efficacy and motivation among midwifery students of tehran university of medical sciences in 2016, Der Pharmacia Lettre, 9(1), 29-37.
  • Koçak, Ç.V. (2015). Vocational efficacy of volleyball coaches. (Dissertation). Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara. Retrieved from https://tez.yok.gov.tr/UlusalTezMerkezi/tezSorguSonucYeni.jsp.
  • Kleijnen, M., Ruyter, K. D., Wetzels, M. (2007). An assessment of value creation in mobile service delivery and the moderating role of time consciousness. Journal of Retailing, 83(1), 33–46.
  • Kudo, H., Mori, K., (2015). A preliminary study of increasing self-efficacy in junior high school students: induced success and a vicarious experience, Psychological Reports: Sociocultural Issues in Psychology, 117(2), 631-642.
  • Matosic, D., Cox, A. E., Amorose, A. J. (2014). Scholarship status, controlling coaching behaviour, and intrinsic motivation in collegiate swimmers: A test of cognitive evaluation theory. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 3(1), 1-12.
  • Matsuo, Y., Shunsuke, M., Takahiro, T., Naoyuki, K. 2015. Self -efficacy estimation for health promotion support with robot partner. In International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, 758–762.
  • Mouloud, K. (2017). Self-efficacy among football players between 16 -19 years. International Journal of Science Culture and Sport, 5(23), 87–94.
  • Mouratidis, A., Michou, A. (2011). Perfectionism, self-determined motivation, and coping among adolescent athletes. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 12(4), 355-367.
  • Nilsson, E. (2017). The relationships between students´ achievements, self-efficacy and motivation in biology education (Dissertation). Retrieved from http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-60316
  • Öcal, K. ve Sakallı, D. (2018). Sporda Güdülenme Ölçeği-II'nin Türkçe uyarlaması: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. International Journal of Sport, Exercise & Training Sciences - IJSETS, 4 (1), 39-48.
  • Pajares, F. (2003). Self-efficacy beliefs, motivation, and achievement in writing: a review of the literature. Reading and Writing Quarterly, 19, 139-158.
  • Pelletier, L. G., Rocchi, M. A., Vallerand, R. J., Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M. (2013). Validation of the revised sport motivation scale (SMS-II). Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 14(3), 329-341.
  • Reeve, J., Deci, E. L. (1996). Elements within the competitive situation that affect intrinsic motivation. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 22(1), 24-33.
  • Sanli, S. (2014). Polis Akademisi öğrencilerinin genel öz yeterlik inançları ve sporda güdülenme kaynaklarının incelenmesi. Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(4), 172-183.
  • Schmidt, A. M., DeShon, R. P. (2009). Prior performance and goal progress as moderators of the relationship between self-efficacy and performance. Human Performance, 22, 191–203.
  • Schwarzer, R., Jerusalem, M. (1995). Generalized Self-Efficacy scale. In J. Weinman, S. Wright, & M. Johnston, Measures in health psychology: A user’s portfolio. Causal and control beliefs (pp. 35-37). Windsor, UK: Nfer-Nelson.
  • Sivrikaya, M. H. (2019). The role of self-efficacy on performance of sports skills of football players. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 6(12a), 75.
  • Stocker, E., Englert, C., Seiler, R. (2018). Self-control strength and mindfulness in physical exercise performance: does a short mindfulness induction compensate for the detrimental ego depletion effect?, Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 31(3), 324–339.
  • Strachen, S. M., Brawley, L.R., Spink, K.S., Sweet, S.N., Perras, M.G.M. (2015). Self-regulatory efficacy’s role in the relationship between exercise identity and perceptions of and actual exercise behaviour. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 18, 53-59.
  • Tabernero, C., Hernández, B. (2010). Self-efficacy and intrinsic motivation guiding environmental behavior. Environment and Behavior, 43(5), 658–675.
  • Tazegul, U. (2012). The comparison of motivational levels of sportsmen in the different individual branches. International Journal of Sport Studies, 2(11), 576- 581.
  • Tenenhaus, M. (2008). Component-based structural equation modelling. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 19(7-8), 871–886.
  • Thøgersen-Ntoumani, C., Ntoumanis, N. (2006). The role of self-determined motivation in the understanding of exercise-related behaviours, cognitions and physical self-evaluations. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24, 393–404.
  • Uzunsakal, E., Yıldız, D. (2018). Alan araştırmalarında güvenilirlik testlerinin karşılaştırılması ve tarımsal veriler üzerine bir uygulama. Uygulamalı Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2(1), 14-28.
  • Vancouver, J. B., More, K. M., Yoder, R. J. (2008). Self-efficacy and resource allocation: support for a non-monotonic, discontinuous model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93, 35–47.
  • Yoon, E., Chang, C., Kim, S., Clawson, A., Cleary, S. E., Hansen, M., Gomes, A. M. (2013). A meta-analysis of acculturation/enculturation and mental health. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(1), 15-30.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sports Medicine
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Arif Çetin

Publication Date September 30, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 18 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Çetin, A. (2020). EXAMINATION OF THE TABLE TENNIS PLAYERS’ GENERAL SELF-EFFICACY PERCEPTIONS AND SOURCES OF SPORTS MOTIVATION. SPORMETRE Beden Eğitimi Ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 18(3), 52-61. https://doi.org/10.33689/spormetre.634465

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