COMORBID PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN SOME COMMON NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES

Ümit Görgülü; Nermin Gürhan; Yasemin Yalçın Akman; Ülkü Polat; Kevser Altay; Şükrü Özen; Behçet Coşar; Giray Kolcu

doi:10.17343/sdutfd.1048635

Research Article

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YAYGIN BAZI NÖROLOJİK HASTALIKLARDA KOMORBİD PSİKİYATRİK BOZUKLUKLAR

Year 2022, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 75 - 83, 01.03.2022

Ümit Görgülü Nermin Gürhan Yasemin Yalçın Akman Ülkü Polat Kevser Altay Şükrü Özen Behçet Coşar Giray Kolcu

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1048635

Abstract

Amaç
Bu çalışma, yaygın nörolojik hastalıklara eşlik eden
psikiyatrik hastalıkları belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem
Çalışma retrospektif bir çalışmadır. 26.12.2016 -
26.12.2017 tarihleri arasında psikiyatri polikliniğinde
ayaktan tedavi gören nörolojik hastalık tanısı olan
1125 hastanın dosyaları incelendi.
Bulgular
Psikiyatri polikliniğinde ayaktan tedavi gören nöroloji
hastalarında en sık depresyon (%59.9) ve anksiyete
bozukluğu (%42.5) saptandı. Anksiyete bozukluğu
(%63.3) migrende daha yaygındı ve depresyon en
sık multiple sklerozda (%67.2) görüldü. Parkinson
hastalığında kognitif bozukluk (%11,9), uyku bozuklukları
(%10), Alzheimer hastalığı (%21,1) ve demans
(%12,6) daha sıktı.
Sonuç
Bu çalışma, psikiyatrik bozuklukların nörolojik hastalıklara
sık eşlik ettiğini desteklemektedir. Bu nedenle
nörolojik hastalıklarda yaşam kalitesini artırmak için
psikiyatrik değerlendirilmede gerekmektedir.

Keywords

psikiyatrik bozukluklar, nörolojik hastalıklar, komorbid, yaygınlık

References

1. Kulaksızoğlu IB. Nörolojik Hastalıkların Psikiyatrik Yansımaları. http://www. itfnoroloji.org/ psikiyatrik/Psikiyatrik.htm. [Accessed 14 December 2020]
2. Taj R. Mlanzoor M. Psychiatric disorders in neurology. Pak J Neurological Sci 2014;9(3):48-50.
3. Jefferies, K.; Owino, A.; Rickards, H.; Agrawal, N. Psychiatric disorders in inpatients on a neurology ward: Estimate of prevalence and usefulness of screening questionnaires. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2007, 78, 414–416
4. Dale C. Hesdorffer. Comorbidity between neurological illness and psychiatric disorders. CNS Spectrums. Neuropsychiatry 2016 Jun;21(3):230-2388
5. Jasper Nuyena,, Franc¸ois G. Schellevisa et all. Comorbidity was associated with neurologic and psychiatric diseases: A general practice-based controlled study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology: 59, 2006, nr. 12, p. 1274-1284
6. Kim J, Kim Y, Bae JS, Lee JH, Song HK. Concomitant Psychiatric Symptoms in Neurological Outpatients. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16(5):860.
7. Menculini G, Chipi E, Paoletti P. E., Gaetani L, Nigro P, Simoni S, Mancini A. et all. Insights into the Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Symptoms in Central Nervous System Disorders: Implications for Early athe nd Differential Diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 23;22(9):4440
8. Bridges, K.W.; Goldberg, D.P. Psychiatric illness in inpatients with neurological disorders: Patients’ views on discussion of emotional problems with neurologists. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.) 1984, 289, 656–658.
9. Ho, R.C.; Fu, E.H.; Chua, A.N.; Cheak, A.A.; Mak, A. Clinical and psychosocial factors associated with depression and anxiety in Singaporean patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Int. J. Rheum. Dis. 2011, 14, 37–47.
10. Ho, R.C.; Mak, K.K.; Chua, A.N.; Ho, C.S.; Mak, A. The effect of severity of depressive disorder on economic burden in a university hospital in Singapore. Expert Rev. Pharm. Outcomes Res. 2013, 13, 549–559.
11. First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I).1997, New York: Biometric Research Department.
12. Özkürkçügil, A., Aydemir, Ö., Yıldız, M., Esen Danacı, A., & Köroglu. DSM-IV Eksen I Bozuklukları İçin Yapılandırılmıs ̧ Klinik Görüs ̧Menin Türkçe'ye Uyarlanması ve Güvenilirlik Çalısması. İlaç ve Tedavi dergisi 1999;12(4): 233–236.
13. First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. The struc-tured clinical interview for DSM–III–R personality disorders (SCID–II).Part I: Description.Journal of Personality disorders, 1995;9(2), 83–91
14. CosKunol, H., BaĞgdiken,I., Sorias, S., & Saygılı, R. SCID-II (Türkçeversiyonu) görüşmesinin kişilik bozukluklarındaki güvenirligi. TürkPsikoloji Dergisi 1994; 9(32): 26–29
15. Carson A, Ringbauer B, MacKenzie L.et al Neurological disease, emotional disorder, and disability: they are related: a study of 300 consecutive new referrals to a neurology outpatient department. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 200068202–206.
16. Qing-Fei Zhao, Lan Tan, Hui-Fu et all. WangThe prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2016, 190: 264-271
17. Justine Orr, Charles N Bernstein, Lesley A. Graff et all. Factors associated with perceived need for mental health care in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 25 (2018): 179–185
18. Peres M, Mercante J, Tobo PR, Kamei H, Bigal ME. Anxiety and depression symptoms and migraine: a symptom-based approach research. J Headache Pain 2017; 18(1): 37.
19. Hartoonian N, Terrill AL, Beier ML, et al. Predictors of anxiety in multiple sclerosis. Rehabil Psychol 2015; 60(1): 91–98. https:// doi.org/10.1037/rep0000019.
20. Clary HMM, Snively BM, Hamberger MJ. Anxiety is common and independently associated with clinical features of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2018;85:64–71. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ j.ye- beh.2018.05.024.
21. Sönmez İ, Mut S, Bozkurt A. Psychiatric Symptoms and Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: Review. Turkiye Klinikleri J Neur. 2016;11(2):46-54. doi: 10.5336/neuro.2016-51118.
22. Hanna M, Strober LB. Anxiety and depression in Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Antecedents, consequences, and differential impact on well-being and quality of life. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord 2020;44:102261. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ j.msard.2020.10226.
23. Lubomski M, Davis RL, Sue CM. Depression in Parkinson's disease: perspectives from an Australian cohort. J Affect Disord 2020;277:1038-1044. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ j. jad.2020.09.032.
24. Pekel NB, Yıldız D, Sığırlı D, Güneş A, Seferoğlu M. The Evaluation of Depression, Anxiety Disorder and Sleep Quality in Parkinson Disease Patients. Uludağ Üniv Tıp Fak Derg. 2017; 43(3):91-96.
25. Topbaş E, Eroğlu MZ, Zabun S, Güneş T, Çalışkan M. Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Depressive Patient with Comorbid Parkinson Disease. Cukurova Medical Journal 2014; 39(1):185- 188. https://doi.org/10.17826/cutf.26007.
26. Dindo LN, Recober A, Haddad R, Calarge CA. Comorbidity of migraine, major depressive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents and young adults. Int J Behav Med 2017; 24(4):528-534. doi: 10.1007/s12529-016-9620-5.
27. Yavuz BG, Aydinlar EI, Dikmen PP, Incesu C. Association between somatic amplification, anxiety, depression, stress and migraine. J Headache Pain 2013;14 (1):53.doi: 10.1186/1129- 2377-14-53.
28. Hung CI, Liu CY, Yang CH, Wang SJ. Migraine with active headache was associated with other painful physical symptoms at two-year follow-up among patients with major depressive disorder. Plos One 2019; 14(4): e0216108. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/ journal.pone.0216108
29. Sah SK, Rai N, Sah MK, et al. Comorbid depression and its associated factors in patients with epilepsy treated with single and multiple drug therapy: A cross-sectional study from Himalayan country. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 112:107455. https://doi. org/10.1016/ j.yebeh.2020.107455
30. Kim SJ, Lee SA, Ryu HU, et al. Factors associated with obsessive- compulsive symptoms in people with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 102:106723. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.yebeh. 2019.106723
31. Foroughipour M, Behdani F, Hebrani P, et al. Frequency of obsessive- compulsive disorder in patients with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study. J Res Med Sci 2012;17(3), 248–253.
32. Lo Monaco MR, Di Stasio E, Zuccalà G, et al. Prevalence of Obsessive- Compulsive Symptoms in Elderly Parkinson Disease Patients: A Case-Control Study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 28(2): 167–175. https:// doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.08.022
33. Maia AF, Pinto AS, Barbosa ER, Menezes PR, Miguel EC. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and related disorders in Parkinson's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2003; 15(3): 371–374. https:// doi.org/10.1176/jnp.15.3.371
34. Goulart AC, Santos IS, Brunoni AR, et al. Migraine headaches and mood/anxiety disorders in the ELSA Brazil. Headache 2014;54(8):1310–1319. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.12397.
35. Amato MP, Prestipino E, Bellinvia A, et al. (2019). Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: An exploratory analysis of environmental and lifestyle risk factors. Plos One, 14(10), e0222929. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222929
36. Weil RS, Hsu JK, Darby RR, et al. Neuroimaging in Parkinson’s disease dementia: connecting the dots. Brain Commun 2019;1(1):fcz006. doi: 10.1093/ braincomms/fcz006.
37. Benbir G, Karadeniz G. Parkinson Hastalığında Uyku Bozuklukları. Parkinson Hastalığı ve Hareket Bozuklukları Dergisi 2011;14(2):59-72.
38. Lai YY, Hsieh KC, Nguyen D, Peever J, Siegel JM. Neurotoxic lesions at the ventral mesopontine junction change sleep time and muscle activity during sleep: an animal model of motor disorders in sleep. Neuroscience 2008; 154(2):431-443. doi: 10.1016/ j. neuroscience. 2008.03.085.
39. Melka D, Tafesse A, Bower JH, Assefa D. Prevalence of sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease patients in two neurology referral hospitals in Ethiopia. BMC Neurology 2019; 19(1):205. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-019-1431-2.
40. Sahebzadeh N, Baf MMF, Homam SM. Sleep Quality and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Parkinson’s disease in Iran. Turk J Neurol 2016;22:121-6. doi:10.4274/tnd.84755.
41. Dharmadhikari AS, Sinha VK. Psychiatric Comorbidity in Children with Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional 5 Years Rural Prevalence Study. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2017; 8(2); 179–184. https://doi. org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_487_16.
42. Chen Z, Lusicic A, O'Brien TJ, et al. Psychotic disorders induced by antiepileptic drugs in people with epilepsy. Brain 2016;139(:2668–2678. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/aww196.
43. Holmes GL. Cognitive impairment in epilepsy: the role of network abnormalities. Epileptic Disord 2015;17(2):101–16. https:// doi.org/10.1684/epd.2015.0739.
44. Clancy MJ, Clarke MC, Connor DJ, Cannon, M, Cotter DR. The prevalence of psychosis in epilepsy; a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:75. https:// doi. org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-75.
45. Pinckaers F, Boon ME, Majoie M. Risk factors predisposing to psychotic symptoms during levetiracetam therapy: A retrospective study. Epilepsy behav 2019;100(Pt A):106344. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.05.039.
46. MacDonald KE, Cozza K L, Vythilingam M. Epilepsy-Related Psychosis: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature. Psychosomatics 2020; 61(4):400–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.psym.2019.11.004.
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COMORBID PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN SOME COMMON NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES

Year 2022, Volume: 29 Issue: 1, 75 - 83, 01.03.2022

Ümit Görgülü Nermin Gürhan Yasemin Yalçın Akman Ülkü Polat Kevser Altay Şükrü Özen Behçet Coşar Giray Kolcu

https://doi.org/10.17343/sdutfd.1048635

Abstract

Objective
This study was conducted to determine psychiatric
diseases accompanying common neurological
diseases.
Material and Methods
The study is a retrospective study. The files of 1125
patients diagnosed with neurologic disease who were
treated as an outpatient in the psychiatry outpatient
clinic between 26.12.2016 - 26.12.2017 were
examined.
Results
The most commonly depression 59.9% and anxiety
disorder 42.5% were diagnosed in neurology patients
receiving outpatient treatment in the psychiatry
outpatient clinic. This anxiety was more common
in migraine (63.3 %) and depression was most
commonly seen in multiple sclerosis (67.2%). The
cognitive impairment (11.9%), sleep disorders (10%),
Alzheimer's disease (21.1%) and dementia (12.6%)
were more common in Parkinson disease.
Conclusion
This study supports that psychiatric disorders
frequently accompany neurological diseases.
Therefore, psychiatric evaluation is required in order
to increase the quality of life in neurological diseases.

Keywords

comorbidity, psychiatric disorders, neurological diseases, prevelance

References

1. Kulaksızoğlu IB. Nörolojik Hastalıkların Psikiyatrik Yansımaları. http://www. itfnoroloji.org/ psikiyatrik/Psikiyatrik.htm. [Accessed 14 December 2020]
2. Taj R. Mlanzoor M. Psychiatric disorders in neurology. Pak J Neurological Sci 2014;9(3):48-50.
3. Jefferies, K.; Owino, A.; Rickards, H.; Agrawal, N. Psychiatric disorders in inpatients on a neurology ward: Estimate of prevalence and usefulness of screening questionnaires. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2007, 78, 414–416
4. Dale C. Hesdorffer. Comorbidity between neurological illness and psychiatric disorders. CNS Spectrums. Neuropsychiatry 2016 Jun;21(3):230-2388
5. Jasper Nuyena,, Franc¸ois G. Schellevisa et all. Comorbidity was associated with neurologic and psychiatric diseases: A general practice-based controlled study. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology: 59, 2006, nr. 12, p. 1274-1284
6. Kim J, Kim Y, Bae JS, Lee JH, Song HK. Concomitant Psychiatric Symptoms in Neurological Outpatients. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019;16(5):860.
7. Menculini G, Chipi E, Paoletti P. E., Gaetani L, Nigro P, Simoni S, Mancini A. et all. Insights into the Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Symptoms in Central Nervous System Disorders: Implications for Early athe nd Differential Diagnosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 23;22(9):4440
8. Bridges, K.W.; Goldberg, D.P. Psychiatric illness in inpatients with neurological disorders: Patients’ views on discussion of emotional problems with neurologists. Br. Med. J. (Clin. Res. Ed.) 1984, 289, 656–658.
9. Ho, R.C.; Fu, E.H.; Chua, A.N.; Cheak, A.A.; Mak, A. Clinical and psychosocial factors associated with depression and anxiety in Singaporean patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Int. J. Rheum. Dis. 2011, 14, 37–47.
10. Ho, R.C.; Mak, K.K.; Chua, A.N.; Ho, C.S.; Mak, A. The effect of severity of depressive disorder on economic burden in a university hospital in Singapore. Expert Rev. Pharm. Outcomes Res. 2013, 13, 549–559.
11. First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. W. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID I).1997, New York: Biometric Research Department.
12. Özkürkçügil, A., Aydemir, Ö., Yıldız, M., Esen Danacı, A., & Köroglu. DSM-IV Eksen I Bozuklukları İçin Yapılandırılmıs ̧ Klinik Görüs ̧Menin Türkçe'ye Uyarlanması ve Güvenilirlik Çalısması. İlaç ve Tedavi dergisi 1999;12(4): 233–236.
13. First, M. B., Spitzer, R. L., Gibbon, M., & Williams, J. B. The struc-tured clinical interview for DSM–III–R personality disorders (SCID–II).Part I: Description.Journal of Personality disorders, 1995;9(2), 83–91
14. CosKunol, H., BaĞgdiken,I., Sorias, S., & Saygılı, R. SCID-II (Türkçeversiyonu) görüşmesinin kişilik bozukluklarındaki güvenirligi. TürkPsikoloji Dergisi 1994; 9(32): 26–29
15. Carson A, Ringbauer B, MacKenzie L.et al Neurological disease, emotional disorder, and disability: they are related: a study of 300 consecutive new referrals to a neurology outpatient department. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 200068202–206.
16. Qing-Fei Zhao, Lan Tan, Hui-Fu et all. WangThe prevalence of neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2016, 190: 264-271
17. Justine Orr, Charles N Bernstein, Lesley A. Graff et all. Factors associated with perceived need for mental health care in multiple sclerosis. Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders 25 (2018): 179–185
18. Peres M, Mercante J, Tobo PR, Kamei H, Bigal ME. Anxiety and depression symptoms and migraine: a symptom-based approach research. J Headache Pain 2017; 18(1): 37.
19. Hartoonian N, Terrill AL, Beier ML, et al. Predictors of anxiety in multiple sclerosis. Rehabil Psychol 2015; 60(1): 91–98. https:// doi.org/10.1037/rep0000019.
20. Clary HMM, Snively BM, Hamberger MJ. Anxiety is common and independently associated with clinical features of epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2018;85:64–71. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ j.ye- beh.2018.05.024.
21. Sönmez İ, Mut S, Bozkurt A. Psychiatric Symptoms and Disorders in Multiple Sclerosis: Review. Turkiye Klinikleri J Neur. 2016;11(2):46-54. doi: 10.5336/neuro.2016-51118.
22. Hanna M, Strober LB. Anxiety and depression in Multiple Sclerosis (MS): Antecedents, consequences, and differential impact on well-being and quality of life. Mult. Scler. Relat. Disord 2020;44:102261. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ j.msard.2020.10226.
23. Lubomski M, Davis RL, Sue CM. Depression in Parkinson's disease: perspectives from an Australian cohort. J Affect Disord 2020;277:1038-1044. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/ j. jad.2020.09.032.
24. Pekel NB, Yıldız D, Sığırlı D, Güneş A, Seferoğlu M. The Evaluation of Depression, Anxiety Disorder and Sleep Quality in Parkinson Disease Patients. Uludağ Üniv Tıp Fak Derg. 2017; 43(3):91-96.
25. Topbaş E, Eroğlu MZ, Zabun S, Güneş T, Çalışkan M. Electroconvulsive Therapy in a Depressive Patient with Comorbid Parkinson Disease. Cukurova Medical Journal 2014; 39(1):185- 188. https://doi.org/10.17826/cutf.26007.
26. Dindo LN, Recober A, Haddad R, Calarge CA. Comorbidity of migraine, major depressive disorder, and generalized anxiety disorder in adolescents and young adults. Int J Behav Med 2017; 24(4):528-534. doi: 10.1007/s12529-016-9620-5.
27. Yavuz BG, Aydinlar EI, Dikmen PP, Incesu C. Association between somatic amplification, anxiety, depression, stress and migraine. J Headache Pain 2013;14 (1):53.doi: 10.1186/1129- 2377-14-53.
28. Hung CI, Liu CY, Yang CH, Wang SJ. Migraine with active headache was associated with other painful physical symptoms at two-year follow-up among patients with major depressive disorder. Plos One 2019; 14(4): e0216108. https://doi.org/ 10.1371/ journal.pone.0216108
29. Sah SK, Rai N, Sah MK, et al. Comorbid depression and its associated factors in patients with epilepsy treated with single and multiple drug therapy: A cross-sectional study from Himalayan country. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 112:107455. https://doi. org/10.1016/ j.yebeh.2020.107455
30. Kim SJ, Lee SA, Ryu HU, et al. Factors associated with obsessive- compulsive symptoms in people with epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2020; 102:106723. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.yebeh. 2019.106723
31. Foroughipour M, Behdani F, Hebrani P, et al. Frequency of obsessive- compulsive disorder in patients with multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study. J Res Med Sci 2012;17(3), 248–253.
32. Lo Monaco MR, Di Stasio E, Zuccalà G, et al. Prevalence of Obsessive- Compulsive Symptoms in Elderly Parkinson Disease Patients: A Case-Control Study. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020; 28(2): 167–175. https:// doi.org/ 10.1016/j.jagp.2019.08.022
33. Maia AF, Pinto AS, Barbosa ER, Menezes PR, Miguel EC. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and related disorders in Parkinson's disease. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 2003; 15(3): 371–374. https:// doi.org/10.1176/jnp.15.3.371
34. Goulart AC, Santos IS, Brunoni AR, et al. Migraine headaches and mood/anxiety disorders in the ELSA Brazil. Headache 2014;54(8):1310–1319. https://doi.org/10.1111/head.12397.
35. Amato MP, Prestipino E, Bellinvia A, et al. (2019). Cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis: An exploratory analysis of environmental and lifestyle risk factors. Plos One, 14(10), e0222929. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0222929
36. Weil RS, Hsu JK, Darby RR, et al. Neuroimaging in Parkinson’s disease dementia: connecting the dots. Brain Commun 2019;1(1):fcz006. doi: 10.1093/ braincomms/fcz006.
37. Benbir G, Karadeniz G. Parkinson Hastalığında Uyku Bozuklukları. Parkinson Hastalığı ve Hareket Bozuklukları Dergisi 2011;14(2):59-72.
38. Lai YY, Hsieh KC, Nguyen D, Peever J, Siegel JM. Neurotoxic lesions at the ventral mesopontine junction change sleep time and muscle activity during sleep: an animal model of motor disorders in sleep. Neuroscience 2008; 154(2):431-443. doi: 10.1016/ j. neuroscience. 2008.03.085.
39. Melka D, Tafesse A, Bower JH, Assefa D. Prevalence of sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease patients in two neurology referral hospitals in Ethiopia. BMC Neurology 2019; 19(1):205. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-019-1431-2.
40. Sahebzadeh N, Baf MMF, Homam SM. Sleep Quality and Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Parkinson’s disease in Iran. Turk J Neurol 2016;22:121-6. doi:10.4274/tnd.84755.
41. Dharmadhikari AS, Sinha VK. Psychiatric Comorbidity in Children with Epilepsy: A Cross-sectional 5 Years Rural Prevalence Study. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2017; 8(2); 179–184. https://doi. org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_487_16.
42. Chen Z, Lusicic A, O'Brien TJ, et al. Psychotic disorders induced by antiepileptic drugs in people with epilepsy. Brain 2016;139(:2668–2678. https://doi.org/10.1093/brain/aww196.
43. Holmes GL. Cognitive impairment in epilepsy: the role of network abnormalities. Epileptic Disord 2015;17(2):101–16. https:// doi.org/10.1684/epd.2015.0739.
44. Clancy MJ, Clarke MC, Connor DJ, Cannon, M, Cotter DR. The prevalence of psychosis in epilepsy; a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2014; 14:75. https:// doi. org/10.1186/1471-244X-14-75.
45. Pinckaers F, Boon ME, Majoie M. Risk factors predisposing to psychotic symptoms during levetiracetam therapy: A retrospective study. Epilepsy behav 2019;100(Pt A):106344. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.05.039.
46. MacDonald KE, Cozza K L, Vythilingam M. Epilepsy-Related Psychosis: A Case Report and Brief Review of Literature. Psychosomatics 2020; 61(4):400–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/ j.psym.2019.11.004.
47. Dravet C.Troubles comportementaux des épileptiques [The behavioral disorders in epilepsy]. Revue neurologique 2002; 158(5 Pt 2): 4S33–4S38.
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Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Clinical Sciences
Journal Section	Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors	Ümit Görgülü 0000-0001-7548-1150 Nermin Gürhan 0000-0002-3472-7115 Yasemin Yalçın Akman 0000-0003-3079-9135 Ülkü Polat 0000-0002-4293-1394 Kevser Altay 0000-0001-6425-3822 Şükrü Özen 0000-0001-7280-9093 Behçet Coşar 0000-0002-6422-499X Giray Kolcu 0000-0001-8406-5941
Publication Date	March 1, 2022
Submission Date	December 29, 2021
Acceptance Date	January 19, 2022
Published in Issue	Year 2022 Volume: 29 Issue: 1

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Vancouver	Görgülü Ü, Gürhan N, Yalçın Akman Y, Polat Ü, Altay K, Özen Ş, Coşar B, Kolcu G. COMORBID PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS IN SOME COMMON NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES. Med J SDU. 2022;29(1):75-83.

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Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi/Medical Journal of Süleyman Demirel University is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 4.0 International.