Review
Year 2019,
Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 327 - 332, 20.09.2019
Günümüzde endodontiyi içeren malpraktis iddialarının
sayısında bir artış vardır. Bu makalede, malpraktisin yaygın nedenleri
tartışılmakta ve endodonti uygulayıcılarının tıbbi hata riskini en aza indirebilmeleri
için komplikasyonlar, malpraktis vakaları ve çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır.
Abstract
Basın
ve internet sayesinde bilgiye ulaşılabilirliğin kolaylaşması ve toplumun hasta
hakları konusunda bilinçlenmesi sonucunda hastaların tedaviden beklentileri
artmıştır. Bunun sonucu olarak da diş hekimliğinde malpraktis son yıllarda çokça
tartışılan bir konu haline gelmiştir. Malpraktis; diş hekimliği uygulamalarında
ihmal, yanlış tanı ve tedavi ile ortaya çıkan problemler olarak karşımıza
çıkmaktadır. Komplikasyon ise genel olarak güncel tıbbın kabul ettiği çerçevede
“izin verilen risk” şeklinde tanımlanmıştır.
Klinik
bilgi ve beceriye ek olarak diş hekiminin etik tutum ve davranışları da
tedavinin başarısını ve hasta memnuniyetini etkiler. Diş hekimi ilk olarak
meslek etiğine uymaktan yani; hastasının iyiliğini gözetmekten; hastayı
eksiksiz ve doğru biçimde bilgilendirmekten; tedavi seçenekleri arasından nihai
kararı hastasıyla birlikte vermekten ve yetkin, çağdaş bir tedavi hizmeti
sunmaktan sorumludur.
Günümüzde endodontiyi içeren malpraktis iddialarının
sayısında bir artış vardır. Bu makalede, malpraktisin yaygın nedenleri
tartışılmakta ve endodonti uygulayıcılarının tıbbi hata riskini en aza indirebilmeleri
için komplikasyonlar, malpraktis vakaları ve çözüm önerileri sunulmaktadır.
Keywords
References
- KAYNAKLAR1. legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. [Internet] [20.03.2019]. https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mala+praxis. 2. Kim YK. Malpractice and complications. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 43:1-2.3. jointcommission.org. [Internet] [16/12/2018]. https://www.jointcommission.org/sentinel_event.aspx. 4. Akyıldız S, Hakeri H, Çelik F, Somer P. Tıp Hukuku Atölyesi. Komplikasyon Yönetimi. 1. Baskı. Ankara, Seçkin yayıncılık, 2013; 115-28.5. Koç S. Yasal düzenlemeler çerçevesinde hekim sorumluluğu. Türkderm, 2007; 41: 33-8.6. Altun G, Yorulmaz A. Yasal Değişiklikler Sonrası Hekim Sorumluluğu ve Malpraktis. Balkan Med J 2010;1: 7-12.7. 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Yasası, Hekim Mesuliyetine İlişkin Hükümler ve Açıklaması, Madde 21.8. Tdk.gov.tr. [Internet] [20.03.2019]. http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_bts&arama=kelime&guid=TDK.GTS.5aca0f2182aef8.564312859. Iaccarino M. Science and ethics. EMBO Rep. 2001 Sep 15;2(9): 747–50.10. Tdk.gov.tr. [Internet] [20.03.2019]. http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_bilimsanat&arama=kelime&guid=TDK.GTS.5ac1de07c67115.93438375.11. Kadıoğlu FG. Diş Hekimliği Etiğine Genel Bakış. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi 2009; 40: 120-4.12. Aydın İ. Eğitim ve Öğretimde Etik. 2. baskı, Ankara, Pegem yayıncılık, 2006: 13–30.13. Ömürlü H. Endodonti. Tayfun Alaçam (Ed.) Diş Hekimliği Etiğine Endodontik Açıdan Bakış. Ankara, 2012; 21-2.14. Ömürlü H. Endodonti. Tayfun Alaçam (Ed.) Diş Hekimliği Etiğine Endodontik Açıdan Bakış. Ankara, 2012; 22.15. Türk Tabipler Birliği, Hasta Hakları Kılavuzu, 2013.16. Harorlı A, Akgül HM. dentiss.com [Internet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.dentiss.com/Dishekimligi-Uygulamalarinda-“Etik”-y1122.html.17. Köprülü H. Diş hekimliğinde başarı ve hasta motivasyonu. TDB yayınları Eğitim Dizisi 2000; 4:8.18. World Medical Association. [Internet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/world-medical-association-statement-on-medical-malpractice.19. Hancı İH. Malpraktis: Tıbbi Girişimler Nedeniyle Hekimin Ceza Ve Tazminat Sorum-luluğu. An¬kara, Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2002.20. Dhankhar P, Khan MM, Bagga S. Effect Of Medical Malpractice On Resource Use And Mortality Of AMI Patients. Journal Of Empirical Legal Studies 2007; 4: 163-83.21. Akalın EH. Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Hasta Güvenliği. Yoğun Bakım Dergisi 2005; 5(3): 141-6.22. Säkkinen J, Huppunen M, Suuronen R. Complications following local anaesthesia. Nor Tannlegeforen Tid 2005; 115: 48-52.23. Russell DI, Ryne WJ, Towers JF. Complications of automated root canal treatment. Br Dent J 1982; 153: 393-8.24. AlRahabi MK. Evaluation of complications of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate dental students. Libyan J Med 2017; 12(1): 1345582.25. Keçeci AD, Üreyen Kaya B, Yaylalı İE. Turkiye Klinikleri J Endod-Special Topics 2015; 1(2): 47-56.26. Keçeci AD, Üreyen Kaya B, Çelik G. Inadverdent Injection of Sodium Hypochlorite Into Periapical Tissues - Two Case Reports. Hacettepe Dişhekimliği fakültesi Dergisi 2006; 30 (2): 35-41.27. Scarano A, Di Carlo F, Quaranta A, Piattelli A. Injury of the inferior alveolar nerve after overfilling of the root canal with endodontic cement: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007; 104: 56-9.28. Keçeci AD, Çelik D. Endodontide Akut Alevlenmeler (Flare-Up). Gazi Üniversitesi Dişhekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2003; 20: 61-9.29. Walton R, Fouad A. Endodontic interappointment flare-ups: a prospective study of incidence and related factors. J Endod 1992; 18: 172-8.30. Seidberg BH. Dental litigation: triad of concerns in legal medicine, in the American College of Legal Medicine. 7th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier 2007, 499-506.31. American Dental Association. Code on dental procedures and nomenclature. J Am Dent Assoc 1989; 118: 369.32. American Association of Endodontists Quality assurance guidelines. Chicago, IL:AAE, 1988.33. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 89.34. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 115.35. Cohen S, Schwartz S. Endodontic complications and the law. J Endod 1987; 13: 191.36. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 90.37. Okerblom A, Hasselgren G. The prognosis for endodontic treatment of obliterated root canals. J Endod 1988; 14: 565.38. Orr DL. Dentistry. In: Medical practice survival handbook, American College of Legal Medicine, Chap. 4. St. Louis, MO:Mosby/Elsevier 2007; 489-99.39. Ørstavik D, Brodin P, Aas E. Paraesthesia following endodontic treatment: survey of the literature and report of a case. Int Endod J 1983; 16: 167-72.40. Orr DL Paresthesia of the trigeminal nerve secondary to endodontic manipulation with N2. Headache 1985; 27(6): 334-6.41. Rowe AHR. Damage to the inferior alveolar nerve during or following endodontic treatment. Br Dent J 1983; 153: 306.42. Joffe E. Complications during root canal therapy following accidental extrusion of sodium hypochlorite through the apical foramen. Gen Dent 1991; 39: 460.43. Harman B. A roundtable on referrals. Dent Econ 1987; 77:44.44. American Association of Endodontics Appropriateness of care and quality assurance guidelines. 3rd ed. Chicago, 1998, IL:AAE.45. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 113.46. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 407.47. Pogrel A. Damage to the inferior alveolar nerve as the result of root canal therapy. J Am Dent Assoc 2007; 138: 65-9.48. Greenberg BL, Kantor ML. The Clinician’s guide to the literature. J Am Dent Assoc 2009; 140(1): 48,54.49. Leagle.com. [İnternet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.leagle.com/decision/197999399calapp3d8941923.50. Shipper G, Trope M. In vitro microbial leakage of the roots obtained with new and standard techniques. 2003.51. Sritharan A. Discuss that the coronal seal is more important than the apical seal for endodontic success. Aust Endod J 2002; 28(3):112,5.52. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 427.53. courtlistener.com [İnternet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/1821337/gurdin-v-dongieux/.54. Gluskin AH, Ruddle CJ, Zinman EJ. Thermal Injury Through Intraradicular heat transfer using ultrasonic devices: precautions and practical preventive strategies. J Am Dent Assoc 2005; 136: 1286, 93.55. Nase JB. The clinical operating microscope advantage in fixed prosthodontics. Compendium 2004; 25: 486.56. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 428.57. courtlistener.com [İnternet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/1390513/simpson-v-davis/.58. Lurie A. Panoramic imaging. In White S, Pharoah MJ: Oral radiology, principles and interpretation, St. Louis, , Mosby, 2008.59. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 429.60. Fishel D, Buchner A, Hershkowith A, Kaffe I. Roentgenologic study of the mental foramen. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1976; 41(5): 682-6.61. Serhal C, Jacobs R, Flygare L, Quirynen M, van SteenbergheD. Perioperative validation of localisation of the mental foramen. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2002; 31(1): 39–43.62. Neaverth E. Disabling complications following inadvertent overextension of a root canal filling material. J Endodon 1989; 15: 135.63. Michaud RA, Burgess J, Barfield RD, Cakir D, McNeal SF, Eleazer PD. Volumetric expansion of gutta-percha in contact with eugenol. J Endod 2008; 34(12): 1528–32.64. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 431.65. Mitka M. Chelation Therapy Trials Halted. JAMA 2008; 300: 2236.66. Irsheid v Elbee Chemists and Available Products, Inc, San Francisco Superior Court (California), Case No. 908373, 1992.67. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Restoration of the Endodontically Treated Tooth. 10th ed. 2011; 783-7.68. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Structure and Functions of the Dentin-Pulp Complex. 10th ed. 2011; 455.69. Mehra P, Clancy C, Wu J. Formation of a facial hematoma during endodontic therapy. J Am Dent Assoc 2000; 131(1): 67-71.70. Sabala C, Powell. Sodium hypochlorite injection into periapical tissues. J Endod 1989; 15(10): 490-2.71. Witton R, Henthorn K, Ethunandan M, Harmer S, Brennan PA. Neurological complications following extrusion of sodium hypochlorite solution during root canal treatment. Int Endod J 2005; 38(11): 843–8.72. Kleier DJ, Averbach RE, Mehdipour O. The sodium hypochlorite accident: experience of diplomates of the American Board of Endodontics. J Endod 2008; 34(11): 1346-50.73. Farren ST, Sadoff RS, Penna KJ. Sodium hypochlorite chemical burn. NY State Dent J 2008; 74(1): 61–2.74. Mehdipour O, Kleier DJ, Averbach RE. Anatomy of sodium hypochlorite accidents. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2007; 28(10): 544-6.75. Peika M, Petscheit A. Permanent mimic musculature and nerve damage caused by sodium hypochlorite: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008 Sept; 106(3).76. Brennan TA, Leape LL, Laird NM. Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients: results of the Harvard Practice Study. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 370.77. Frisk F, Hakenberg M, Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C. Endodontic variables and coronary heart disease. Acta Odontol Scand 2003; 61: 257.
Year 2019,
Volume: 10 Issue: 3, 327 - 332, 20.09.2019
Abstract
References
- KAYNAKLAR1. legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com. [Internet] [20.03.2019]. https://legal-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Mala+praxis. 2. Kim YK. Malpractice and complications. J Korean Assoc Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 43:1-2.3. jointcommission.org. [Internet] [16/12/2018]. https://www.jointcommission.org/sentinel_event.aspx. 4. Akyıldız S, Hakeri H, Çelik F, Somer P. Tıp Hukuku Atölyesi. Komplikasyon Yönetimi. 1. Baskı. Ankara, Seçkin yayıncılık, 2013; 115-28.5. Koç S. Yasal düzenlemeler çerçevesinde hekim sorumluluğu. Türkderm, 2007; 41: 33-8.6. Altun G, Yorulmaz A. Yasal Değişiklikler Sonrası Hekim Sorumluluğu ve Malpraktis. Balkan Med J 2010;1: 7-12.7. 5237 sayılı Türk Ceza Yasası, Hekim Mesuliyetine İlişkin Hükümler ve Açıklaması, Madde 21.8. Tdk.gov.tr. [Internet] [20.03.2019]. http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_bts&arama=kelime&guid=TDK.GTS.5aca0f2182aef8.564312859. Iaccarino M. Science and ethics. EMBO Rep. 2001 Sep 15;2(9): 747–50.10. Tdk.gov.tr. [Internet] [20.03.2019]. http://www.tdk.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_bilimsanat&arama=kelime&guid=TDK.GTS.5ac1de07c67115.93438375.11. Kadıoğlu FG. Diş Hekimliği Etiğine Genel Bakış. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Dergisi 2009; 40: 120-4.12. Aydın İ. Eğitim ve Öğretimde Etik. 2. baskı, Ankara, Pegem yayıncılık, 2006: 13–30.13. Ömürlü H. Endodonti. Tayfun Alaçam (Ed.) Diş Hekimliği Etiğine Endodontik Açıdan Bakış. Ankara, 2012; 21-2.14. Ömürlü H. Endodonti. Tayfun Alaçam (Ed.) Diş Hekimliği Etiğine Endodontik Açıdan Bakış. Ankara, 2012; 22.15. Türk Tabipler Birliği, Hasta Hakları Kılavuzu, 2013.16. Harorlı A, Akgül HM. dentiss.com [Internet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.dentiss.com/Dishekimligi-Uygulamalarinda-“Etik”-y1122.html.17. Köprülü H. Diş hekimliğinde başarı ve hasta motivasyonu. TDB yayınları Eğitim Dizisi 2000; 4:8.18. World Medical Association. [Internet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.wma.net/policies-post/world-medical-association-statement-on-medical-malpractice.19. Hancı İH. Malpraktis: Tıbbi Girişimler Nedeniyle Hekimin Ceza Ve Tazminat Sorum-luluğu. An¬kara, Seçkin Yayıncılık, 2002.20. Dhankhar P, Khan MM, Bagga S. Effect Of Medical Malpractice On Resource Use And Mortality Of AMI Patients. Journal Of Empirical Legal Studies 2007; 4: 163-83.21. Akalın EH. Yoğun Bakım Ünitelerinde Hasta Güvenliği. Yoğun Bakım Dergisi 2005; 5(3): 141-6.22. Säkkinen J, Huppunen M, Suuronen R. Complications following local anaesthesia. Nor Tannlegeforen Tid 2005; 115: 48-52.23. Russell DI, Ryne WJ, Towers JF. Complications of automated root canal treatment. Br Dent J 1982; 153: 393-8.24. AlRahabi MK. Evaluation of complications of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate dental students. Libyan J Med 2017; 12(1): 1345582.25. Keçeci AD, Üreyen Kaya B, Yaylalı İE. Turkiye Klinikleri J Endod-Special Topics 2015; 1(2): 47-56.26. Keçeci AD, Üreyen Kaya B, Çelik G. Inadverdent Injection of Sodium Hypochlorite Into Periapical Tissues - Two Case Reports. Hacettepe Dişhekimliği fakültesi Dergisi 2006; 30 (2): 35-41.27. Scarano A, Di Carlo F, Quaranta A, Piattelli A. Injury of the inferior alveolar nerve after overfilling of the root canal with endodontic cement: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007; 104: 56-9.28. Keçeci AD, Çelik D. Endodontide Akut Alevlenmeler (Flare-Up). Gazi Üniversitesi Dişhekimliği Fakültesi Dergisi 2003; 20: 61-9.29. Walton R, Fouad A. Endodontic interappointment flare-ups: a prospective study of incidence and related factors. J Endod 1992; 18: 172-8.30. Seidberg BH. Dental litigation: triad of concerns in legal medicine, in the American College of Legal Medicine. 7th ed. St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier 2007, 499-506.31. American Dental Association. Code on dental procedures and nomenclature. J Am Dent Assoc 1989; 118: 369.32. American Association of Endodontists Quality assurance guidelines. Chicago, IL:AAE, 1988.33. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 89.34. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 115.35. Cohen S, Schwartz S. Endodontic complications and the law. J Endod 1987; 13: 191.36. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 90.37. Okerblom A, Hasselgren G. The prognosis for endodontic treatment of obliterated root canals. J Endod 1988; 14: 565.38. Orr DL. Dentistry. In: Medical practice survival handbook, American College of Legal Medicine, Chap. 4. St. Louis, MO:Mosby/Elsevier 2007; 489-99.39. Ørstavik D, Brodin P, Aas E. Paraesthesia following endodontic treatment: survey of the literature and report of a case. Int Endod J 1983; 16: 167-72.40. Orr DL Paresthesia of the trigeminal nerve secondary to endodontic manipulation with N2. Headache 1985; 27(6): 334-6.41. Rowe AHR. Damage to the inferior alveolar nerve during or following endodontic treatment. Br Dent J 1983; 153: 306.42. Joffe E. Complications during root canal therapy following accidental extrusion of sodium hypochlorite through the apical foramen. Gen Dent 1991; 39: 460.43. Harman B. A roundtable on referrals. Dent Econ 1987; 77:44.44. American Association of Endodontics Appropriateness of care and quality assurance guidelines. 3rd ed. Chicago, 1998, IL:AAE.45. Ingle J, Bakland L, Craig J: Endodontics, ed 6, Philadelphia, 2008, BC Decker, 113.46. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 407.47. Pogrel A. Damage to the inferior alveolar nerve as the result of root canal therapy. J Am Dent Assoc 2007; 138: 65-9.48. Greenberg BL, Kantor ML. The Clinician’s guide to the literature. J Am Dent Assoc 2009; 140(1): 48,54.49. Leagle.com. [İnternet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.leagle.com/decision/197999399calapp3d8941923.50. Shipper G, Trope M. In vitro microbial leakage of the roots obtained with new and standard techniques. 2003.51. Sritharan A. Discuss that the coronal seal is more important than the apical seal for endodontic success. Aust Endod J 2002; 28(3):112,5.52. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 427.53. courtlistener.com [İnternet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/1821337/gurdin-v-dongieux/.54. Gluskin AH, Ruddle CJ, Zinman EJ. Thermal Injury Through Intraradicular heat transfer using ultrasonic devices: precautions and practical preventive strategies. J Am Dent Assoc 2005; 136: 1286, 93.55. Nase JB. The clinical operating microscope advantage in fixed prosthodontics. Compendium 2004; 25: 486.56. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 428.57. courtlistener.com [İnternet]. [20.03.2019]. https://www.courtlistener.com/opinion/1390513/simpson-v-davis/.58. Lurie A. Panoramic imaging. In White S, Pharoah MJ: Oral radiology, principles and interpretation, St. Louis, , Mosby, 2008.59. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 429.60. Fishel D, Buchner A, Hershkowith A, Kaffe I. Roentgenologic study of the mental foramen. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1976; 41(5): 682-6.61. Serhal C, Jacobs R, Flygare L, Quirynen M, van SteenbergheD. Perioperative validation of localisation of the mental foramen. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2002; 31(1): 39–43.62. Neaverth E. Disabling complications following inadvertent overextension of a root canal filling material. J Endodon 1989; 15: 135.63. Michaud RA, Burgess J, Barfield RD, Cakir D, McNeal SF, Eleazer PD. Volumetric expansion of gutta-percha in contact with eugenol. J Endod 2008; 34(12): 1528–32.64. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Endodontic Records and Legal Responsibilities. 10th ed. 2011; 431.65. Mitka M. Chelation Therapy Trials Halted. JAMA 2008; 300: 2236.66. Irsheid v Elbee Chemists and Available Products, Inc, San Francisco Superior Court (California), Case No. 908373, 1992.67. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Restoration of the Endodontically Treated Tooth. 10th ed. 2011; 783-7.68. Cohen S. Pathways of the Pulp. Kenneth M. Hargreaves (Ed.) Structure and Functions of the Dentin-Pulp Complex. 10th ed. 2011; 455.69. Mehra P, Clancy C, Wu J. Formation of a facial hematoma during endodontic therapy. J Am Dent Assoc 2000; 131(1): 67-71.70. Sabala C, Powell. Sodium hypochlorite injection into periapical tissues. J Endod 1989; 15(10): 490-2.71. Witton R, Henthorn K, Ethunandan M, Harmer S, Brennan PA. Neurological complications following extrusion of sodium hypochlorite solution during root canal treatment. Int Endod J 2005; 38(11): 843–8.72. Kleier DJ, Averbach RE, Mehdipour O. The sodium hypochlorite accident: experience of diplomates of the American Board of Endodontics. J Endod 2008; 34(11): 1346-50.73. Farren ST, Sadoff RS, Penna KJ. Sodium hypochlorite chemical burn. NY State Dent J 2008; 74(1): 61–2.74. Mehdipour O, Kleier DJ, Averbach RE. Anatomy of sodium hypochlorite accidents. Compend Contin Educ Dent 2007; 28(10): 544-6.75. Peika M, Petscheit A. Permanent mimic musculature and nerve damage caused by sodium hypochlorite: a case report. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2008 Sept; 106(3).76. Brennan TA, Leape LL, Laird NM. Incidence of adverse events and negligence in hospitalized patients: results of the Harvard Practice Study. N Engl J Med 1991; 324: 370.77. Frisk F, Hakenberg M, Ahlqwist M, Bengtsson C. Endodontic variables and coronary heart disease. Acta Odontol Scand 2003; 61: 257.
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Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Health Care Administration |
| Journal Section | Derlemeler |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | September 20, 2019 |
| Submission Date | March 20, 2019 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 10 Issue: 3 |
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SDÜ Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, makalenin gönderilmesi ve yayınlanması dahil olmak üzere hiçbir aşamada herhangi bir ücret talep etmemektedir. Dergimiz, bilimsel araştırmaları okuyucuya ücretsiz sunmanın bilginin küresel paylaşımını artıracağı ilkesini benimseyerek, içeriğine anında açık erişim sağlamaktadır.