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Alkali pH’da Escherichia coli’nin VBNC Forma Geçişinde CusS-CusR İki Bileşikli Sisteminin Rolünün Araştırılması

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 36 - 50, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.982864

Abstract

Canlı fakat kültürü yapılamayan (VBNC) durum henüz moleküler mekanizması çözülememiş bir süreçtir. Bu çalışmada iki bileşikli fosforlama sistemlerinden birisi olan CusS-R’nin alkalin pH (8.5) ortamında VBNC forma geçişte rollerinin olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre hem cusS hem de cusR genlerinin nakavt edilmesi pH 7.2 de bir etki göstermezken, E. coli‘nin alkali ortamda yaşamını sınırlamıştır. Yabani tip E. coli W3110’un plak sayımına göre t99 değeri 57 gün iken, bu değer cusS geni nakavt edildiğinde 31, cusR geni nakavt edildiğinde ise 34 gün olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Nakavt edilmiş olan genler plazmit ile tamamlandığında t99 değerinin E. coli cusS mutantı için 62 gün, E. coli cusR mutantı için 61 gün olarak tespit edilmiş olup bu değerler yabani tip E. coli ile benzerdir. Mutantlarda alkali pH’da görülen bu azalmanın VBNC oluşumundan kaynaklanıp kaynaklanmadığını belirlemek için canlı hücre sayımları Live Dead sayımı, CTC sayımı ve DVC sayım metotları ile elde edilmiştir. Bu sayım sonuçlarına göre mutantların plak sayımlarında görülen azalmanın aslında VBNC forma giren bakterilerden kaynaklandığı tespit edilmiştir. Dolayısı ile cusS ve cusR genlerinin VBNC forma geçişte bir rolleri olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

TÜBİTAK ve Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi BAP

Project Number

113T003 nolu TÜBİTAK projesi ile, bir kısmı ise 2018- 02.BŞEÜ.25-01 numaralı Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi BAP projesi

Thanks

Bu çalışmanın bir kısmı 113T003 nolu TÜBİTAK projesi ile, bir kısmı ise 2018-02.BŞEÜ.25-01 numaralı Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi BAP projesi ile desteklenmiştir. Bu destek için hem TÜBİTAK hem de Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesine teşekkür ederiz.

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Investigation of the Role of the CusS-CusR Two-Component System in the Transition to VBNC Form of Escherichia coli at Alkaline pH

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 36 - 50, 31.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.982864

Abstract

The Viable but non-culturable (VBNC) state is a process whose molecular mechanism has not yet been resolved. In this study, it was studied whether CusS-R, one of the two-component phosphorylating systems, has a role in the transition to VBNC form in an alkaline pH (8.5) environment. According to the results obtained in the study, while knocking out both cusS and cusR genes did not have an effect at pH 7.2, it limited the survival of E. coli in an alkaline environment. The t99 value of wild type E. coli W3110 was 57 according to the plaque count, while this value was 31 days when the cusS gene was knockout and 34 days when the cusR gene was knockout. When the knocked out genes were completed with the plasmid, the t99 value was determined as 62 days for the E. coli cusS mutant and 61 days for the E. coli cusR mutant, which is similar to that of wild-type E. coli. To determine whether this decrease in alkaline pH in mutants is due to VBNC formation, live cell counts were obtained by Live Dead count, CTC count and DVC count methods. According to these counting results, it was determined that the decrease in the plaque counts of the mutants was actually caused by bacteria entering the VBNC form. Therefore, it was determined that the cusS and cusR genes do not have a role in the transition to the VBNC form.

Project Number

113T003 nolu TÜBİTAK projesi ile, bir kısmı ise 2018- 02.BŞEÜ.25-01 numaralı Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi BAP projesi

References

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  • Afari, G. K., Hung, Y. C. (2018). Detection and verification of the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Listeria monocytogenes using flow cytometry and standard plating. J Food Sci., 83, 1913–1920.
  • Almagro-Moreno, S., Kim, T. K., Skorupski, K., Taylor, R. K. (2015). Proteolysis of virulence regulator ToxR is associated with entry of Vibrio cholerae into a dormant state. PLoS Genet., 11, e1005145.
  • Asakura, H., Panutdaporn, N., Kawamoto, K., Igimi, S., Yamamoto, S., & Makino, S.-I. (2007). Proteomic characterization of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the oxidation-induced viable but non-culturable state. Microbiol. Immunol., 51, 875. doi: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2007.tb03969.x.
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  • Boaretti, M., del Mar Lleo, M., Bonato, B., Signoretto, C., & Canepari, P. (2003). Involvement of rpoS in the survival of Escherichia coli in the viable but non-culturable state. Environmental Microbiology, 5, 986–996.
  • Bodor, A., Bounedjoum, N., Vincze, E. G., Kis, A. E., Laczi, K., Bende, G. (2020). Challenges of unculturable bacteria: environmental perspectives. Rev. Environ. Sci. Biotechnol., 19, 1–22. doi: 10.1007/s11157-020-09522-4.
  • Darcan, C. (2005). Karadeniz suyunda pH, osmolarite ve açlık stresinin E. coli’nin dış membran porin protein sentez düzeyine etkisinin araştırılması, Doktora tezi, Ondokuz mayıs Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Samsun.
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  • Darcan, C., Aydin E. (2012) Fur-mutation increases the survival time of Escherichia coli under photooxidative stress in aquatic environments. Acta Biologica Hungarica 63 (3), 399-409.
  • Darcan, C., Özkanca R., İdil Ö. & Flint K.P. (2009). Viable but non-culturable state (VBNC) of Escherichia coli related to EnvZ under the effect of pH, starvation and osmotic stress in sea water. Pol. J. Microbiol., 58, 307–17.
  • Darcan, C., Özkanca, R., İdil Ö. & Flint K.P. (2003). Survival of nonspecific porin-deficient mutants of Escherichia coli in black sea water. Letters in Applied Microbiology, 37, 380-385.
  • Dong, K., Pan, H. X., Yang, D., Rao, L., Zhao, L., Wang, Y. T., & Liao, X. J. (2020). Induction, detection, formation, and resuscitation of viable but non-culturable state microorganisms. Compr. Rev. Food Sci., F 19, 149– 183.
  • Duffy, G., Rıordan, D.C.R., Sherıdan, J.J., Call, J.E., Whiting, R.C., Blair, I.S. & Mcdonald, D.A. (2000). Effect of pH on survival, thermotolerance, and verotoxin production of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 during simulated fermentation and storage. J. Food Prot., 63, 12-18.
  • Erdoğrul, O., & F. Erbilir. (2005). Resistance of Escherichia coli to acid and alkali pH. Annal. Microbiol., 55, 91–95.
  • Franke, S., Grass, G., Rensing, C., Nies D. H. (2003). Molecular Analysis of the Copper- Transporting Efflux System CusCFBA of Escherichia coli. Journal of Bacteriology, 3804–3812. Gahan, C.G.M., O’Driscoll, B. & Hill, C. (1996). Acid adaptation of Listeria monocytogenes can enhance survival in acidic foods during milk fermentation. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 62, 3 128-3 132.
  • Gangaiah, D., Kassem, I. I., Liu, Z., & Rajashekara, G. (2009). Importance of polyphosphate kinase 1 for Campylobacter jejuni viable but-nonculturable cell formation, natural transformation, and antimicrobial resistance. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 75, 7838–7849.
  • Grass, G., Rensing, C. (2001). CueO Is a Multi-copper Oxidase That Confers Copper Tolerance in Escherichia coli. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 286, 902–908.
  • Gudipaty, A. S., Larsen, A., S., Rensing, C., Mcevoy, M.M. (2012). Regulation of Cu(I)/Ag(I) efflux genes in Escherichia coli by the sensor kinase CusS. Published in final edited form as: FEMS Microbiol Lett., 330 (1), 30–37.
  • Hijarrubia, M.J., Lazaro, B., Sunen, E. & Fernandez-Astorga, A. (1996). Survival of Vibrio vulnificus under pH, salinity and temperature combined stress. Food Microbiol., 13, 193-199.
  • Jayakumar J, Balasubramanian D, Reddi G, Almagro-Moreno S. (2020). Synergistic Role of Abiotic Factors Driving Viable but Non-culturable Vibrio Cholerae. Environ Microbioly Rep., 12(4), 454–65.
  • Jiang, Y., Yan, P., and Liang, J. (2014). Biological changes of Enterococcus faecalis in the viable but nonculturable state. Genet. Mol. Res., 14, 14790–14801. doi: 10.4238/2015.November.18.44.
  • Joux, F., P. Lebaron, & M. Troussellier. (1997). Succession of cellular states in a Salmonella typhimurium population during starvation in artificial seawater microcosms. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol., 22, 65-76.
  • Kong, I. S., Bates, T. C., Hülsmann, A., Hassan, H., Smith, B. E., & Oliver, J. D. (2004). Role of catalase and oxyR in the viable but nonculturable state of Vibrio vulnificus. FEMS Microbiology Ecology, 50, 133–142.
  • Kumar, S.S., Ghosh, A.R. (2019). Assessment of Bacterial Viability: A Comprehensive Review on Recent Advances and Challenges. Microbiology (U.K.), 165, 593–610.
  • Kusumoto, A., Asakura, H., & Kawamoto, K. (2012). General stress sigma factor RpoS influences time required to enter the viable but non-culturable state in Salmonella enterica. Microbiology and Immunology, 56, 228–237. https://doi.org/10.1111/ j.1348-0421.2012.00428.x.
  • Larsen A. (2011). Growth Studies of The Copper Sensing Histidine Kinase, CusS. (Thesis), Universty of Arizona.
  • Lawrence, R.A. & Burk, R.F. (1976). Glutathione peroxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 71(4), 952-958. DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(76)90747-6.
  • Leyer, G.J., Wang, L.L. & Johnson, E.A. (1995). Acid adaptation of Escherichia coli 0157:H7 increases survival in acidic foods. Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 61, 3752-3755.
  • Li H, Xu Z, Zhao F, Wang Y, Liao X. (2016). Synergetic effects of high-pressure carbon dioxide and nisin on the inactivation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Innov. Food. Sci. Emerg., 33, 180-186.
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There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Özge Kaygusuz 0000-0002-3652-4266

Cihan Darcan 0000-0003-0205-3774

Project Number 113T003 nolu TÜBİTAK projesi ile, bir kısmı ise 2018- 02.BŞEÜ.25-01 numaralı Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi BAP projesi
Publication Date December 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kaygusuz, Ö., & Darcan, C. (2021). Alkali pH’da Escherichia coli’nin VBNC Forma Geçişinde CusS-CusR İki Bileşikli Sisteminin Rolünün Araştırılması. Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 36-50. https://doi.org/10.53501/rteufemud.982864

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