Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy

Filiz Özsoy; Seda Uysal; Kaaan Eray Uzun; Orhan Ulusoy; Şuheda Kaya; Nülüfer Kılıç; Zeki Özsoy

Research Article

Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy

Year 2023, Volume: 40 Issue: 2, 238 - 243, 19.07.2023

Filiz Özsoy Seda Uysal Kaaan Eray Uzun Orhan Ulusoy Şuheda Kaya Nülüfer Kılıç Zeki Özsoy

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to examine the anxiety, health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and the social support levels perceived by patients who are scheduled to undergo hysteroscopy. This study included 100 women who were scheduled for diagnostic hysteroscopy and 70 women were included as the healthy control group. The Sociodemographic Data Form, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), Penn State Anxiety Scale (PSAS), Health Anxiety Scale (HAS), Somatosensory Amplification Scale (SAS), and Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MPSSS) were applied to all participants. It was determined that the scores of the patients who were scheduled for hysteroscopy for SAS were much higher than the healthy controls (p<0.001). HAS all subscales were also calculated as higher compared to the healthy controls in the patients who were scheduled for hysteroscopy (p values: <0.001; 0.008; <0.001, respectively). It was also determined that MPSSS family support was perceived as adequate, and the sub-dimensions of special people and friends were perceived as inadequate. No differences were detected between the groups in any subscales of HADS and for PSAS (p>0.005). Based on our results, it was determined that although the anxiety and/or depression levels of women before hysteroscopy did not increase, they experienced health anxiety at a significant level. In addition, it was also determined that the somatization tendencies of these women increased. Based on these findings; It is recommended that these patients should be supported psychosocially before surgical procedures.

Keywords

Hysteroscopy, anxiety, depression, somatization, health anxiety, social support.

Supporting Institution

Yoktur

Project Number

Thanks

References

1. McClure-Tone EB, Pine DS. Clinical Features of Anxiety Disorders. Kaplan and Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. 9th Ed. (Edited by Sadock BJ, Virginia A, Ruiz P). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2009, p:1844-1855.
2. Reiser SJ, McMillan KA, Wright KD, Asmundson GJG. Adverse childhood experiences and health anxiety in adulthood. Child Abuse Negl. 2014; 38(3): 407-413.
3. Jones SL, Hadjistavropoulos HD, Gullickson K. Understanding health anxiety following breast cancer diagnosis. Psychol Health Med. 2015; 19: 525-535.
4. Salkovskis PM, Rimes KA, Warwick HMC, Clark DM. The Health Anxiety Inventory: development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis. Psychol Med. 2002; 2(5): 843-853.
5. Sunderland M, Newby JM, Andrews G. Health anxiety in Australia: prevalence, comorbidity, disability, and service use. Br J Psychiatry. 2013; 202:56-61.
6. Aydemir O, Kırpınar I, Sati T, Uykur B, Cengisiz C. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the health anxiety inventory. Arch Neuropsychiatr. 2013; 50: 325-331.
7. Barsky AJ, Wyshak G, Klerman GL. The somatosensory amplification scale and its relationship to hypochondriasis. J Psychiatr Res. 1990; 24: 323-334.
8. Güleç H, Sayar K, Güleç M. Bedensel Duyumları Abartma Skalası Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. Düşünen Adam. 2007; 20: 16-24.
9. Öz F. Sağlık Alanında Temel Kavramlar. Mattek Printing, Ankara, 2010.
10. Karataş H. Examining the relationship between teachers’ professional burnout and multidimensional perceived social support. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Maltepe University, Institute of Social Sciences, 2009.
11. Ayrancı E. The Predictive Roles of Perceıved Social Support, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Parenting Styles, and Schema Coping Processes in Well-Being and Burnout Levels of Primary Caregivers of Dementia Patients. METU, The Graduate School of Social Sciences, Master’s Thesis, 2015, Ankara.
12. Padmanabhan R, Hildreth AJ, Laws DA. Prospective, Randomised, Controlled Study Examining Binaural Beat Audio and Pre-operative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing General Anaesthesia For Day Case Surgery. Anaesthesia. 2005; 60: 874-877.
13. Sağır G, Kaya M, Eskiçırak HE, Kapusuz Ö, Kadıoğulları AN. he Effect of Visual Information on Preoperative Anxiety in Patients with Spinal Anesthesia. Turk Journal Anesth Reanim. 2012; 40(5): 274-278.
14. Turhan T, Avcı R, Özcengiz D. Elektif Cerrahi Hazırlığında Preoperatif ve Postoperatif Anksiyetenin Hasta Memnuniyeti İle İlişkisi. Anestezi Derg. 2012; 20 (1): 27- 33.
15. Gambadauro P, Navaratnarajah R, Carli V. Anxiety at outpatient hysteroscopy. Gynecol Sur. 2015; 12(3): 189-196.
16. Kokanali MK, Cavkaytar S, Güzel AI, Topçu HO, Eroğlu E, Aksakal O, Doğanay M. Impact of preprocedural anxiety levels on pain perception in patients undergoing office hysteroscopy. J Chin Med Assoc. 2014; 7(9), 477-481.
17. Zigmond AS, Snaith PR. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983; 67: 361-370.
18. Aydemir Ö. Hastane anksiyete ve depresyon scale Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 1997; 8: 280-287.
19. Meyer TJ, Miller ML, Metzger RL, Borkovec TD. Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Behav Res Ther. 1990; 28:487-495.
20. Boysan M, Keskin S, Beşiroğlu L. Penn State Endişe Scale Türkçe formunun hiyerarşik faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Klinik Psikofarmakol Bülteni. 2008; 18:174-182
21. Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. J Pers Assess. 1988; 52:30-41.
22. Eker D, Arkar H, Yaldız H. Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale‘nin Gözden Geçirilmiş Formunun Faktör Yapısı, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. Turkish J Psychiatry. 2001; 12(1):17-25.
23. Cicinelli E, Rossi AC, Marinaccio M, Matteo M, Saliani N, Tinelli R. Predictive factors for pain experienced at office fluid minihysteroscopy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2007; 14(4):485–488.
24. Gupta JK, Clark TJ, More S, Pattison H. Patient anxiety and experiences associated with an outpatient “one-stop” “see and treat” hysteroscopy clinic. Surg Endosc. 18(7): 1099-1104.
25. Carta G, Palermo P, Marinangeli F, Piroli A, Necozione S, De Lellis, Patacchiola F. Waiting time and pain during office hysteroscopy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2012; 19(3): 360-364.
26. Tarling R, Gale A, Martin-Hirsch P, Holmes L, Kanesalingam K, Dey P. Experiences of women referred for urgent assessment of postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). J Obstet Gynaecol. 2013; 33(2):184-187.
27. Spielberger CD. State-Trait anxiety inventory. The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology, Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc 2010; 1-1.
28. Korkmaz H, Korkmaz S, Yıldız S, Gündoğan B, Atmaca M. Determination of health anxiety, anxiety, and somatosensory amplification levels in individuals with normal coronary angiography. Psychiatry Res. 2017; 252: 114-117.
29. Dadgostar A, Bigder M, Punjani N, Lozo S, Chahal V, Kavanagh A. Does preoperative depression predict post-operative surgical pain: a systematic review. Int J Surg. 2017; 41: 162-173.
30. Ghoneim MM, O’Hara MW. Depression and postoperative complications: an overview. BMC Surg. 2017;16(1):5.
31. Altemus M, Sarvaiya N, Epperson CN. Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2014; 35(3):320-330.
32. Donner NC, Lowry CA. Sex differences in anxiety and emotional behavior. Pflügers Arch. 2013; 65(5): 601-626. 33. Kıvrak Y, Köse-Özlece H, Üstundağ MF, Asoğlu M. Pain perception: predictive value of sex, depression, anxiety, somatosensory amplification, obesity, and age. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016; 12:1913.
34. Shortridge EF, Marsden PV, Ayanian JZ, Cleary PD. Gender Differences in the Association of Cardiovascular Symptoms and Somatosensory Amplification to Mortality. J Res Hum Develop. 2009; 6(4): 219-234.
35. Wise TN, Mann LS: The relationship between somatosensory amplification, alexithymia, and neuroticism. J Psychosom Res. 1994; 38:515-521.
36. Yıldırım A, Boysan M, Karaman E, Çetin O, Şahin HG. Relationships between somatosensory amplification, health anxiety and low back pain among pregnant women. East J Med. 2019; 24(1): 69-73.
37. Aliche JC, Ifeagwazi CM, Chukwuorji JC, Eze JE. Roles of religious commitment, emotion regulation and social support in preoperative anxiety. J Relig Health. 2018; 1-15.
38. Drageset S, Lindstrøm TC, Giske T, Underlid K. The support i need: Women’s experiences of social support after having received breast cancer diagnosis and awaiting surgery. Cancer Nurs. 2012; 35(6): 39-47.
39. Yilmaz SD, Bal MD, Beji NK, Arvas M. Ways of coping with stress and perceived social support in gynecologic cancer patients. Cancer Nurs. 2015; 38(2): 57-62.

Year 2023, Volume: 40 Issue: 2, 238 - 243, 19.07.2023

Filiz Özsoy Seda Uysal Kaaan Eray Uzun Orhan Ulusoy Şuheda Kaya Nülüfer Kılıç Zeki Özsoy

Abstract

Keywords

Hysteroscopy, anxiety, depression, somatization, health anxiety, social support.

Project Number

References

1. McClure-Tone EB, Pine DS. Clinical Features of Anxiety Disorders. Kaplan and Sadock’s Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. 9th Ed. (Edited by Sadock BJ, Virginia A, Ruiz P). Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2009, p:1844-1855.
2. Reiser SJ, McMillan KA, Wright KD, Asmundson GJG. Adverse childhood experiences and health anxiety in adulthood. Child Abuse Negl. 2014; 38(3): 407-413.
3. Jones SL, Hadjistavropoulos HD, Gullickson K. Understanding health anxiety following breast cancer diagnosis. Psychol Health Med. 2015; 19: 525-535.
4. Salkovskis PM, Rimes KA, Warwick HMC, Clark DM. The Health Anxiety Inventory: development and validation of scales for the measurement of health anxiety and hypochondriasis. Psychol Med. 2002; 2(5): 843-853.
5. Sunderland M, Newby JM, Andrews G. Health anxiety in Australia: prevalence, comorbidity, disability, and service use. Br J Psychiatry. 2013; 202:56-61.
6. Aydemir O, Kırpınar I, Sati T, Uykur B, Cengisiz C. Reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the health anxiety inventory. Arch Neuropsychiatr. 2013; 50: 325-331.
7. Barsky AJ, Wyshak G, Klerman GL. The somatosensory amplification scale and its relationship to hypochondriasis. J Psychiatr Res. 1990; 24: 323-334.
8. Güleç H, Sayar K, Güleç M. Bedensel Duyumları Abartma Skalası Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. Düşünen Adam. 2007; 20: 16-24.
9. Öz F. Sağlık Alanında Temel Kavramlar. Mattek Printing, Ankara, 2010.
10. Karataş H. Examining the relationship between teachers’ professional burnout and multidimensional perceived social support. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Maltepe University, Institute of Social Sciences, 2009.
11. Ayrancı E. The Predictive Roles of Perceıved Social Support, Early Maladaptive Schemas, Parenting Styles, and Schema Coping Processes in Well-Being and Burnout Levels of Primary Caregivers of Dementia Patients. METU, The Graduate School of Social Sciences, Master’s Thesis, 2015, Ankara.
12. Padmanabhan R, Hildreth AJ, Laws DA. Prospective, Randomised, Controlled Study Examining Binaural Beat Audio and Pre-operative Anxiety in Patients Undergoing General Anaesthesia For Day Case Surgery. Anaesthesia. 2005; 60: 874-877.
13. Sağır G, Kaya M, Eskiçırak HE, Kapusuz Ö, Kadıoğulları AN. he Effect of Visual Information on Preoperative Anxiety in Patients with Spinal Anesthesia. Turk Journal Anesth Reanim. 2012; 40(5): 274-278.
14. Turhan T, Avcı R, Özcengiz D. Elektif Cerrahi Hazırlığında Preoperatif ve Postoperatif Anksiyetenin Hasta Memnuniyeti İle İlişkisi. Anestezi Derg. 2012; 20 (1): 27- 33.
15. Gambadauro P, Navaratnarajah R, Carli V. Anxiety at outpatient hysteroscopy. Gynecol Sur. 2015; 12(3): 189-196.
16. Kokanali MK, Cavkaytar S, Güzel AI, Topçu HO, Eroğlu E, Aksakal O, Doğanay M. Impact of preprocedural anxiety levels on pain perception in patients undergoing office hysteroscopy. J Chin Med Assoc. 2014; 7(9), 477-481.
17. Zigmond AS, Snaith PR. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1983; 67: 361-370.
18. Aydemir Ö. Hastane anksiyete ve depresyon scale Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Derg. 1997; 8: 280-287.
19. Meyer TJ, Miller ML, Metzger RL, Borkovec TD. Development and validation of the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. Behav Res Ther. 1990; 28:487-495.
20. Boysan M, Keskin S, Beşiroğlu L. Penn State Endişe Scale Türkçe formunun hiyerarşik faktör yapısı, geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Klinik Psikofarmakol Bülteni. 2008; 18:174-182
21. Zimet GD, Dahlem NW, Zimet SG, Farley GK. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. J Pers Assess. 1988; 52:30-41.
22. Eker D, Arkar H, Yaldız H. Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale‘nin Gözden Geçirilmiş Formunun Faktör Yapısı, Geçerlik ve Güvenirliği. Turkish J Psychiatry. 2001; 12(1):17-25.
23. Cicinelli E, Rossi AC, Marinaccio M, Matteo M, Saliani N, Tinelli R. Predictive factors for pain experienced at office fluid minihysteroscopy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2007; 14(4):485–488.
24. Gupta JK, Clark TJ, More S, Pattison H. Patient anxiety and experiences associated with an outpatient “one-stop” “see and treat” hysteroscopy clinic. Surg Endosc. 18(7): 1099-1104.
25. Carta G, Palermo P, Marinangeli F, Piroli A, Necozione S, De Lellis, Patacchiola F. Waiting time and pain during office hysteroscopy. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2012; 19(3): 360-364.
26. Tarling R, Gale A, Martin-Hirsch P, Holmes L, Kanesalingam K, Dey P. Experiences of women referred for urgent assessment of postmenopausal bleeding (PMB). J Obstet Gynaecol. 2013; 33(2):184-187.
27. Spielberger CD. State-Trait anxiety inventory. The Corsini encyclopedia of psychology, Hoboken NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc 2010; 1-1.
28. Korkmaz H, Korkmaz S, Yıldız S, Gündoğan B, Atmaca M. Determination of health anxiety, anxiety, and somatosensory amplification levels in individuals with normal coronary angiography. Psychiatry Res. 2017; 252: 114-117.
29. Dadgostar A, Bigder M, Punjani N, Lozo S, Chahal V, Kavanagh A. Does preoperative depression predict post-operative surgical pain: a systematic review. Int J Surg. 2017; 41: 162-173.
30. Ghoneim MM, O’Hara MW. Depression and postoperative complications: an overview. BMC Surg. 2017;16(1):5.
31. Altemus M, Sarvaiya N, Epperson CN. Sex differences in anxiety and depression clinical perspectives. Front Neuroendocrinol. 2014; 35(3):320-330.
32. Donner NC, Lowry CA. Sex differences in anxiety and emotional behavior. Pflügers Arch. 2013; 65(5): 601-626. 33. Kıvrak Y, Köse-Özlece H, Üstundağ MF, Asoğlu M. Pain perception: predictive value of sex, depression, anxiety, somatosensory amplification, obesity, and age. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2016; 12:1913.
34. Shortridge EF, Marsden PV, Ayanian JZ, Cleary PD. Gender Differences in the Association of Cardiovascular Symptoms and Somatosensory Amplification to Mortality. J Res Hum Develop. 2009; 6(4): 219-234.
35. Wise TN, Mann LS: The relationship between somatosensory amplification, alexithymia, and neuroticism. J Psychosom Res. 1994; 38:515-521.
36. Yıldırım A, Boysan M, Karaman E, Çetin O, Şahin HG. Relationships between somatosensory amplification, health anxiety and low back pain among pregnant women. East J Med. 2019; 24(1): 69-73.
37. Aliche JC, Ifeagwazi CM, Chukwuorji JC, Eze JE. Roles of religious commitment, emotion regulation and social support in preoperative anxiety. J Relig Health. 2018; 1-15.
38. Drageset S, Lindstrøm TC, Giske T, Underlid K. The support i need: Women’s experiences of social support after having received breast cancer diagnosis and awaiting surgery. Cancer Nurs. 2012; 35(6): 39-47.
39. Yilmaz SD, Bal MD, Beji NK, Arvas M. Ways of coping with stress and perceived social support in gynecologic cancer patients. Cancer Nurs. 2015; 38(2): 57-62.

There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Health Care Administration
Journal Section	Research Article
Authors	Filiz Özsoy 0000-0002-5198-8827 Seda Uysal 0000-0002-0639-9601 Kaaan Eray Uzun 0000-0002-4851-8592 Orhan Ulusoy 0000-0002-8273-8775 Şuheda Kaya 0000-0002-0853-5777 Nülüfer Kılıç 0000-0001-7228-7459 Zeki Özsoy 0000-0002-2307-9132
Project Number	-
Early Pub Date	August 1, 2023
Publication Date	July 19, 2023
Submission Date	December 6, 2022
Acceptance Date	February 28, 2023
Published in Issue	Year 2023 Volume: 40 Issue: 2

Cite

APA	Özsoy, F., Uysal, S., Uzun, K. E., Ulusoy, O., et al. (2023). Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 40(2), 238-243.
AMA	Özsoy F, Uysal S, Uzun KE, Ulusoy O, Kaya Ş, Kılıç N, Özsoy Z. Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy. J. Exp. Clin. Med. July 2023;40(2):238-243.
Chicago	Özsoy, Filiz, Seda Uysal, Kaaan Eray Uzun, Orhan Ulusoy, Şuheda Kaya, Nülüfer Kılıç, and Zeki Özsoy. “Health Anxiety, Somatosensory Amplification, and Perceived Social Support Levels in Patients Scheduled for Hysteroscopy”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 40, no. 2 (July 2023): 238-43.
EndNote	Özsoy F, Uysal S, Uzun KE, Ulusoy O, Kaya Ş, Kılıç N, Özsoy Z (July 1, 2023) Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 40 2 238–243.
IEEE	F. Özsoy, “Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., vol. 40, no. 2, pp. 238–243, 2023.
ISNAD	Özsoy, Filiz et al. “Health Anxiety, Somatosensory Amplification, and Perceived Social Support Levels in Patients Scheduled for Hysteroscopy”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 40/2 (July 2023), 238-243.
JAMA	Özsoy F, Uysal S, Uzun KE, Ulusoy O, Kaya Ş, Kılıç N, Özsoy Z. Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2023;40:238–243.
MLA	Özsoy, Filiz et al. “Health Anxiety, Somatosensory Amplification, and Perceived Social Support Levels in Patients Scheduled for Hysteroscopy”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, vol. 40, no. 2, 2023, pp. 238-43.
Vancouver	Özsoy F, Uysal S, Uzun KE, Ulusoy O, Kaya Ş, Kılıç N, Özsoy Z. Health anxiety, somatosensory amplification, and perceived social support levels in patients scheduled for hysteroscopy. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2023;40(2):238-43.

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