Abstract
Binaların dayanıklılığı, yapısal bütünlüğünü koruyarak zamanla çevresel etkilere maruz kalabilmesi ve işlevlerini sürdürebilmesi açısından büyük önem taşır. Karbonatlaşma, betonun ömrü boyunca çevresel etkiler sonucu maruz kaldığı karbondioksit gazının etkisiyle oluşan bir reaksiyon sürecidir. Betonun alkali içeriğini düşürerek çelik donatıların koruyucu örtüsüne zarar verir ve çelik donatının paslanmasına neden olabilir. Bu durum yapıların durabilitesini azaltmaktadır. Bu çalışmada sertleşmiş beton yüzeyine uygulanan fenol çözeltisinden farklı renk tonları alınarak görüntü işleme yöntemi ile pH değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Böylece betonun iç kısmının da karbonatlaşma potansiyeli ortaya konmuştur. Hazırlanan betonlara laboratuvar ortamında hızlandırılmış karbonatlaşma deneyi 1, 5 ve 10 günlük periyotlarda uygulanmıştır ve fenol çözeltisi kullanılarak karbonatlaşma derinlikleri tespit edilmiştir. Fenol çözeltisi püskürtülen beton yüzeylerin fotoğrafları alınarak görüntü işleme yöntemi ile karbonatlaşmamış bölgelerin pH değerleri tespit edilmiştir. Karbondioksitli ortama 1, 5 ve 10 gün maruz kalan betonların iç yüzeylerindeki pH değerleri sırası ile 12, 11.5 ve 10.5 olarak tespit edilmiştir.
Keywords
References
- Anstice DJ., Page CL., Page MM. The pore solution phase of carbonated cement paste. Cement and Concrete Research 2005; 35: 377-383.
- Chang CF., Chen JW. The experimental investigation of concrete carbonation depth. Cement and Concrete Research 2006; 36(9): 1760-1767.
- Chang JJ., Yeih W., Huang R., Chen CT. Stability of several current used concrete durability ındices on evaluating the corrosion hazard for carbonated concrete. Matrials Chemistry and Physics 2004; 84: 71-78.
- Choi J., Lee Y., Kim YY., Lee BY. Image-processing technique to detect carbonation regions of concrete sprayed with a phenolphthalein solution. Construction and Building Materials 2017; 154: 451-461.
- Demir Şahin D., Çullu M., Eker H. Betonların aşındırma ve karbonatlaşma performanslarına kireçsi uçucu küllerin farklı incelik ve ikame oranlarının etkisi. European Journal of Science and Technology 2019; 17: 1150-1163.
- Erdoğan TY., Beton. ODTÜ Yayıncılık, 135s, 2003 Ankara.
- Giulietti N., Chiariotti P., Cosoli G., Mobili A., Pandarese G., Tittarelli F., Revel GM. Automated measurement system for detecting carbonation depth: Image-processing based technique applied to concrete sprayed with phenolphthalein. Measurement 2021; 175: 1-8.
- Gülan L. Atık mermer tozu ve cam elyaf katkısının betondaki karbonatlaşmaya etkisi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). 2015 Fırat Üniversitesi, Elazığ.
- ISO 1920-12. Testing of concrete, Part 12: Determination of the carbonation resistance of cocrate, Internatıonal Standard, 2015 Switzerland.
- Kim JK., Kim CY., Yi ST., Lee Y. Effect of carbonation on the rebound number and compressive strength of concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites 2009; 31(2): 139-144.
- Li L., Wu M. An overview of utilizing CO2 for accelerated carbonation treatment in the concrete industry. Journal of CO2 Utilization 2022; 60: 1-17.
- Lin X. Effect of early age carbonation on strength and PH of concrete. McGill University Department of Civil Engineering. Master Thesis 2007; 132 pages.
- Liu Z., Heede PV., Zhang C., Shi X., Wang L., Li J., Yao Y., Belie ND. Influence of sustained compressive load on the carbonation of concrete containing blast furnace slag. Construction and Building Materials 2022; 335: 1-12.
- Malami SI., Anwar FH., Abdulrahman S., Haruna SI., Ali SIA., Abba SI. Implementation of hybrid neuro-fuzzy and self-turning predictive model for the prediction of concrete carbonation depth: A soft computing technique. Results in Engineering 2021; 10: 1-14.
- Martins ROG., Alvarenga RCSSA., Pedroti LG., Oliveira AF., Mendes BC., Azevedo ARG. Assessment of the durability of grout submitted to accelerated carbonation test. Construction and Building Materials 2018; 159: 261–268.
- Mehta PK. Concrete: Structure, properties, and materials. Prentice-Hall, Englewood 1986; NJ.
- Mi R., Pan G., Liew KM. Predicting carbonation service life of reinforced concrete beams reflecting distribution of carbonation zones. Construction and Building Materials 2020; 255: 1-7.
- Neville AM., Properties of Concrete, 4th ed., Longman Group 1995; UK.
- Ogha H., Nagataki S. Prediction of carbonation depth of concrete with fly ash. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete. Trodheim, Norway 1989; 114: 275 294.
Abstract
The durability of buildings is of great importance in terms of protecting their structural integrity, being exposed to environmental effects over time and maintaining their functions. Carbonation is a reaction process that occurs with the effect of carbon dioxide gas that concrete is exposed to as a result of environmental effects throughout its life. By lowering the alkali content of the concrete, it damages the protective cover of the steel reinforcement and may cause the steel reinforcement to rust. This situation reduces the durability of the structures. In this study, pH values were determined by image processing method by taking different color tones from the phenol solution applied to the hardened concrete surface. Thus, the carbonation potential of the interior of the concrete was revealed. In a lab setting, the constructed concretes underwent accelerated carbonation tests at 1, 5, and 10 day intervals. Carbonation depths were calculated using phenol solution. The pH values of the non-carbonated portions of the concrete surfaces were measured using an image processing technique after photographs of the surfaces had been taken and sprayed with phenol solution. The concretes' internal surfaces had pH values of 12, 11.5 and 10.5, respectively, after being exposed to a carbon dioxide environment for 1, 5, and 10 days.
Keywords
References
- Anstice DJ., Page CL., Page MM. The pore solution phase of carbonated cement paste. Cement and Concrete Research 2005; 35: 377-383.
- Chang CF., Chen JW. The experimental investigation of concrete carbonation depth. Cement and Concrete Research 2006; 36(9): 1760-1767.
- Chang JJ., Yeih W., Huang R., Chen CT. Stability of several current used concrete durability ındices on evaluating the corrosion hazard for carbonated concrete. Matrials Chemistry and Physics 2004; 84: 71-78.
- Choi J., Lee Y., Kim YY., Lee BY. Image-processing technique to detect carbonation regions of concrete sprayed with a phenolphthalein solution. Construction and Building Materials 2017; 154: 451-461.
- Demir Şahin D., Çullu M., Eker H. Betonların aşındırma ve karbonatlaşma performanslarına kireçsi uçucu küllerin farklı incelik ve ikame oranlarının etkisi. European Journal of Science and Technology 2019; 17: 1150-1163.
- Erdoğan TY., Beton. ODTÜ Yayıncılık, 135s, 2003 Ankara.
- Giulietti N., Chiariotti P., Cosoli G., Mobili A., Pandarese G., Tittarelli F., Revel GM. Automated measurement system for detecting carbonation depth: Image-processing based technique applied to concrete sprayed with phenolphthalein. Measurement 2021; 175: 1-8.
- Gülan L. Atık mermer tozu ve cam elyaf katkısının betondaki karbonatlaşmaya etkisi (Yüksek Lisans Tezi). 2015 Fırat Üniversitesi, Elazığ.
- ISO 1920-12. Testing of concrete, Part 12: Determination of the carbonation resistance of cocrate, Internatıonal Standard, 2015 Switzerland.
- Kim JK., Kim CY., Yi ST., Lee Y. Effect of carbonation on the rebound number and compressive strength of concrete. Cement and Concrete Composites 2009; 31(2): 139-144.
- Li L., Wu M. An overview of utilizing CO2 for accelerated carbonation treatment in the concrete industry. Journal of CO2 Utilization 2022; 60: 1-17.
- Lin X. Effect of early age carbonation on strength and PH of concrete. McGill University Department of Civil Engineering. Master Thesis 2007; 132 pages.
- Liu Z., Heede PV., Zhang C., Shi X., Wang L., Li J., Yao Y., Belie ND. Influence of sustained compressive load on the carbonation of concrete containing blast furnace slag. Construction and Building Materials 2022; 335: 1-12.
- Malami SI., Anwar FH., Abdulrahman S., Haruna SI., Ali SIA., Abba SI. Implementation of hybrid neuro-fuzzy and self-turning predictive model for the prediction of concrete carbonation depth: A soft computing technique. Results in Engineering 2021; 10: 1-14.
- Martins ROG., Alvarenga RCSSA., Pedroti LG., Oliveira AF., Mendes BC., Azevedo ARG. Assessment of the durability of grout submitted to accelerated carbonation test. Construction and Building Materials 2018; 159: 261–268.
- Mehta PK. Concrete: Structure, properties, and materials. Prentice-Hall, Englewood 1986; NJ.
- Mi R., Pan G., Liew KM. Predicting carbonation service life of reinforced concrete beams reflecting distribution of carbonation zones. Construction and Building Materials 2020; 255: 1-7.
- Neville AM., Properties of Concrete, 4th ed., Longman Group 1995; UK.
- Ogha H., Nagataki S. Prediction of carbonation depth of concrete with fly ash. Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Fly Ash, Silica Fume, Slag and Natural Pozzolans in Concrete. Trodheim, Norway 1989; 114: 275 294.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Complex Civil Systems |
| Journal Section | RESEARCH ARTICLES |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | March 11, 2024 |
| Submission Date | July 24, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | November 17, 2023 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 2 |
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