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Current perspective of neonatal hypoglycemia

Year 2022, Volume: 13 Issue: 47, 431 - 442, 15.12.2022

Serkan Bilge Koca Ayşe Halime Altıntaş Büşra Duba

https://doi.org/10.17944/mkutfd.1074719

Abstract

Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common health problem, observed in the neonatal period that affects the later stages of life. Hypoglycemia can lead to acute and chronic complications, leading to permanent and irreversible neurological problems in the growth and development of the newborn. Although the most sensitive test to detect hypoglycemia is still measurement with plasma glucose, noninvasive glucose measurement methods have been widely used in the diagnosis and treatment of hypoglycemia in risky babies with the advances of these technological measurement methods in recent years, along with the traditional glucose measurement methods used for years. While glucometers, blood gas analyzers, enzymatic measurement in the laboratory are traditional measurement methods, continuous glucose measurement systems are a technique that has started to take place in the new generation glucose measurement. While taking protective precautions to prevent the development of hypoglycemia, early breastfeeding support should be provided and encouraged. Which conditions pose a risk for hypoglycemia, at which glucose threshold value should be given treatment, and the effects of the new generation glucose measurement methods and current treatments are discussed in this review. In addition to blood glucose measurements and observation of clinical signs in risky babies, differential diagnosis and management of treatment in hypoglycemia also play an important role in prognosis.

Keywords

Neonatology Hypoglycemia Newborn

References

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Yenidoğan hipoglisemisine güncel yaklaşım

Year 2022, Volume: 13 Issue: 47, 431 - 442, 15.12.2022

Serkan Bilge Koca Ayşe Halime Altıntaş Büşra Duba

https://doi.org/10.17944/mkutfd.1074719

Abstract

Neonatal hipoglisemi yenidoğan döneminde sık görülen, yaşamın ilerleyen dönemlerini de etkileyen bir sağlık sorunudur. Hipoglisemi akut ve kronik komplikasyonlara neden olarak yenidoğan bebeğin büyümesi ve gelişmesinde kalıcı ve geri dönüşümsüz nörolojik sorunlara yol açabilmektedir. Hipoglisemiyi saptamak için en duyarlı test halen plazma glukozu ile ölçümü olsa da, yıllardır kullanılan geleneksel glukoz ölçüm yöntemleri ile birlikte son yıllarda noninvaziv glukoz ölçüm yöntemlerindeki gelişmeler ile riskli bebeklerde hipogliseminin tanı ve tedavisinde bu teknolojik ölçüm yöntemleri yaygın kullanılmaya başlamıştır. Glukometre, kan gazı analizatörleri, laboratuvarda enzimatik ölçüm geleneksel ölçüm yöntemleri iken, sürekli glukoz ölçüm sistemleri yeni nesil glukoz ölçümünde yer almaya başlayan yeni bir tekniktir. Hipoglisemi gelişimini engellemek için koruyucu önlemler alırken erken dönemde anne sütü ile emzirme desteği sağlanmalı ve teşvik edilmelidir. Hangi durumların hipoglisemi için risk oluşturduğu, hangi glukoz eşik değerinde tedavi vermek gerektiği ve son kullanılan yeni nesil glukoz ölçüm yöntemlerinin etkileri ve güncel tedaviler bu derlemede tartışılmıştır. Riskli bebeklerde kan şekeri ölçümleri ve klinik bulguların gözlenmesi yanında hipoglisemide ayırıcı tanı yapılarak tedavinin yönetilmesi de prognozda önemli bir yer tutar.

Keywords

Neonataloji Hipoglisemi Yenidoğan

References

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  • Lucas A, Morley R, Cole TJ. Adverse Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Moderate Neonatal Hypoglycaemia. Bmj. 1988; 297: 1304-8. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.297.6659.1304.
  • Duvanel CB, Fawer CL, Cotting J, Hohlfeld P, Matthieu JM. Long-term Effects of Neonatal Hypoglycemia on Brain Growth and Psychomotor Development in Small-For-Gestational-Age Preterm Infants. J Pediatr. 1999; 134: 492-8. https://doi. org/10.1016/s0022-3476 (99) 70209-x.
  • Zhou W, Yu J, Wu Y, Zhang H. Hypoglycemia Incidence and Risk Factors Assessment in Hospitalized Neonates J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med.2015; 28: 422-5. https://doi.org/10.3109 /14767058.2014.918599.
  • Committee on F, Newborn, Adamkin DH. Postnatal Glucose Homeostasis in Late-Preterm and Term Infants. Pediatrics. 2011; 127: 575-9. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-3851.
  • Harris DL, Weston PJ, Harding JE. Incidence of Neonatal Hypoglycemia in Babies Identified as at Risk. J Pediatr. 2012; 161: 787-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.05.022.
  • Aliefendioğlu D, Çoban A, Hatipoğlu N, Ecevit A, Arısoy AE, Yeşiltepe G, et al. Management of Hypoglycemia in Newborn: Turkish Neonatal and Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes Societies Consensus Report. Turk Pediatri Arsivi. 2018; 53: 224- 33. https://doi.org/10.5152/TurkPediatriArs.2018.01820.
  • Bülbül A, Uslu S. Neonatal Hypoglycemia. Şişli Etfal Hastanesi Tıp Bülteni. 2016; 50: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.5350/SEMB.20160223122024.
  • Screening Guidelines for Newborns at Risk for Low Blood Glucose. Paediatr Child Health. 2004; 9: 723-40. https://doi. org/10.1093/pch/9.10.723.
  • Stomnaroska-Damcevski O, Petkovska E, Jancevska S, Danilovski D. Neonatal Hypoglycemia: A Continuing Debate in Definition and Management. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki). 2015; 36: 91-7. https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2015-0083.
  • Rozance PJ, Wolfsdorf JI. Hypoglycemia in The Newborn. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2019; 66: 333-42. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.pcl.2018.12.004.
  • Stomnaroska O, Petkovska E, Ivanovska S, Jancevska S, Danilovski D. Hypoglycaemia in The Newborn. Prilozi 2017; 38: 79-84. https://doi.org/10.1515/prilozi-2017-0025.
  • Rozance PJ, Hay WW Jr. Describing Hypoglycemia Definition or Operational Threshold? Early Hum Dev. 2010; 86: 275-80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2010.05.002.
  • Hay WW Jr, DiGiacomo JE, Meznarich HK, Hirst K, Zerbe G. Effects of Glucose and Insulin on Fetal Glucose Oxidation and Oxygen Consumption. Am J Physiol. 1989; 256: 704-13. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.1989.256.6.E704.
  • Mayeur S, Wattez JS, Lukaszewski MA, Lecoutre S, Butruille L, Drougard A, et al. Apelin Controls Fetal and Neonatal Glucose Homeostasis and Is Altered by Maternal Undernutrition. Diabetes. 2016; 65: 554-60. https://doi.org/10.2337/db15-0228.
  • Stanley CA, Rozance PJ, Thornton PS, De Leon DD, Harris D, Haymond MW, et al. Re-evaluating “Transitional Neonatal Hypoglycemia”: Mechanism and Implications for Management. J Pediatr. 2015; 166: 1520-5. https://doi. org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.02.045.
  • Wallace JM, Milne JS, Aitken RP, Hay WW Jr. Sensitivity to Metabolic Signals in Late-Gestation Growth-Restricted Fetuses from Rapidly Growing Adolescent Sheep. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metabol. 2007; 293: 1233-41. https://doi. org/10.1152/ajpendo.00294.2007.
  • Kalhan SC, D’Angelo LJ, Savin SM, Adam PA. Glucose Production in Pregnant Women at Term Gestation. Sources of Glucose for Human Fetus. J Clin Invest. 1979; 63: 388-94. https://doi. org/10.1172/JCI109314.
  • Thorrez L, Laudadio I, Van Deun K, Quintens R, Hendrickx N, Granvik M, et al. Tissue-Specific Disallowance of Housekeeping Genes: The Other Face of Cell Differentiation. Genome Res. 2011; 21: 95-105. https://doi.org/10.1101/gr.109173.110.
  • Cornblath M, Ichord R. Hypoglycemia in The Neonate. Semin Perinatol. 2000;24:136-49. https://doi.org/10.1053/sp.2000.6364.
  • Lubchenco LO, Bard H. Incidence of Hypoglycemia in Newborn Infants Classified by Birth Weight and Gestational Age. Pediatrics. 1971; 47: 831-8. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.47.5.831.
  • Choufani S, Shuman C, Weksberg R. Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Am J Med Genet Part C. 2010; 153C: 343-54. https://doi.org/10.1002/ajmg.c.30267.
  • Pettenati MJ, Haines JL, Higgins RR, Wappner RS, Palmer CG, Weaver DD. Wiedemann-Beckwith Syndrome: Presentation of Clinical and Cytogenetic Data on 22 New Cases and Review of The Literature. Hum Genet. 1986; 74: 143-54. https://doi. org/10.1007/BF00282078.
  • DeBaun MR, King AA, White N. Hypoglycemia in Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome. Semin Perinatol. 2000; 24: 164-71. https://doi.org/10.1053/sp.2000.6366.
  • Levy PA. Inborn Errors of Metabolism: Part 1: Overview. Pediatr Rev. 2009; 30: 131-137; quiz 137-8. https://doi.org/10.1542/pir.30-4-131.
  • Lehnert W, Sperl W, Suormala T, Baumgartner ER. Propionic Acidaemia: Clinical, Biochemical and Therapeutic Aspects. Experience in 30 Patients. Eur J Pediatr. 1994; 153: 68-80. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02138781.
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There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Review
Authors

Serkan Bilge Koca 0000-0002-9724-2369

Ayşe Halime Altıntaş 0000-0003-1098-6064

Büşra Duba 0000-0002-2658-1814

Publication Date December 15, 2022
Submission Date February 16, 2022
Acceptance Date August 4, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 13 Issue: 47

Cite

Vancouver Koca SB, Altıntaş AH, Duba B. Yenidoğan hipoglisemisine güncel yaklaşım. mkutfd. 2022;13(47):431-42.
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