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Evaluation of changes in the nutritional habits of adults after covid-19 outbreak

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 277 - 288, 05.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.769698

Abstract

Aim: The new coronavirus (Covid-19), which first appeared in Wuhan, China, has become widespread all over the world and has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization. It is known that the only recommendation in preventing Covid-19 is social distance and personal hygiene. In addition, it is frequently emphasized that individuals with strong immune system are advantageous in the process of healing the disease. It is anticipated that individuals can change their diet to strengthen the immune system and that most of the population will stay at home with quarantine practices, and these may affect the nutritional status of individuals. Accordingly, this study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of individuals after Covid-19 and the factors affecting them. Methods: A total of 341 individuals between the ages of 18-65 were included in the study, and assessments were made through a questionnaire that investigated nutrition, sleep, physical activity, and moods through Google Docs forms. Results: 17% of the individuals are male (n = 58) and 83% (n = 283) are female. 70.4% (283) of all participants switched from home to work due to work or distance education and stated that there was an increase of 1.00 ± 1.5 kg body weight during this period with a total average of 17.30 ± 13.9 days. 80.9% of the individuals (n = 276) stated that there was a decrease in physical activity and 48.7% of them stated an increase in sleep time. 71.6% of individuals stated that this increase in sleep time caused an increase in food intake. About a third (%) of individuals reported that they started using dietary supplements, especially vitamin D (56.9%), vitamin C (50.4%) and Zinc (27.6%). A total of %17.5 of individuals reported an increase of bread consumption, %16.7 of them fruit and %15.5 chocolate. Conclusion: Study results show that there are changes in individuals' nutrition, sleep, and physical activity patterns after Covid-19. The supplement use of individuals increased after Covid-19. In line with these results, it is thought that individuals should be informed about adequate and balanced nutrition, physical activity, and supplement use.

References

  • 1. Malani, P.N. (2020). COVID-19—New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic JAMA, 323:14.
  • 2. World Health Organization. (2019). https://www.who. int/news-room/detail/30-01-2020-statement-on-the-second-meeting-of-theinternational-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-theoutbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov). [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 3. Türkiye Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 4. Barazzoni, R., Bischoff, S.C., Krznaric, Z., Pirlich, M., Singer, P. Espen Expert Statements And Practıcal Guıdance For Nutrıtıonal Management Of Indıvıduals Wıth Sars-Cov-2 Infectıon. Clinical Nutrition, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.022.
  • 5. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2020). Food and Maintaining a healthy diet during the COVID-19 pandemic. FAO, CA8380EN/1/03.20.
  • 6. Türkiye Diyetisyenler Derneği. (2020). Türkiye Diyetisyenler Derneği’nin Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Hakkında Beslenme Önerileri. http://www.tdd.org.tr/index.php/duyurular/69-covid-19-beslenme-onerileri. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 7. Sağdıç, O., Kayacan, S., Dertli, E., Arıcı, M. (2020). Gıda Güvenliği Açısından COVID-19 Etmeni SARS-CoV-2’nin Değerlendirilmesi ve Korunma Yöntemleri. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi Sayı, 18:927-933.
  • 8. Yazıcıoğlu, Y., Erdoğan, S. (2004). SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • 9. Hopkins, M., Duarte, C., Beaulieu, K., Finlayson, G., Gibbons, C., Johnstone, AM et al. (2019). Activity energy expenditure is an independent predictor of energy intake in humans. Int J Obes, 43:1466–1474. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-018-0308-6
  • 10. Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G.P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B.E., Li, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9, 103104
  • 11. Zhu, W. (2020). Should, and how can, exercise be done during a coronavirus outbreak? An interview with Dr. Jeffrey A. Woods. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9:105107.
  • 12. Lippi, G., Henry, B.M., Sanchis-Gomar, F. (2020). Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. The European Society of Cardiology, DOI: 10.1177/2047487320916823
  • 13. World Health Organization. (2020). Physical activity, https:// www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 14. de Castro, M.A., Garcez, M.R., Pereira, J.L., Fisberg, R.M. (2019). Eating behaviours and dietary intake associations with self-reported sleep duration of free-living Brazilian adults. Appetite, 137:207–217.
  • 15. Tasali, E., Kahn, E., Hoddy, K., Kilkus, J., Wroblewski, K., Schoeller, D.A. (2019). Sleep Extension Reduces Energy Intake in Free-Living Overweight Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study Conference Paper. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_MeetingAbstracts.A7482
  • 16. Jáuregui-Lobera, I., Montes-Martínez, M. (2020). Emotional Eating and Obesity DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91734
  • 17. Konttinen, H. (2020). Emotional eating and obesity in adults: The role of depression, sleep and genes. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 1-7. doi:10.1017/S0029665120000166
  • 18. Cheng, S.H, Kamil, M.K.M. (2020). Stress and Food Intake among University Students - Is There a Relationship? Sains Malaysiana, 49(1):121-128 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4901-14
  • 19. Jayne, J.M., Ayala, R., Karş, J.P., Deschamps, B.A., McGraw, S., O'Connor, K., DiChiara, A.J., Cole, R.E. (2020). Body weight status, perceived stress, and emotional eating among US Army Soldiers: A mediator model Author links open overlay panel. Eating Behaviors, 36:101367.
  • 20. Carr, A.C. (2020). A new clinical trial to test high-dose vitamin C in patients with COVID-19. Crit Care 24:133. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-02851-4
  • 21. Wang, L.S., Wang, Y.R,, Ye, D.W., Liu, Q.Q. (2020). A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) based on current evidence, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105948.
  • 22. Mohr, A.E., Basile, A.J., Crawford, M.S,, Sweazea, K.L., Carpenter, K.C. (2019). Probiotic Supplementation Has a Limited Effect on Circulating Immune and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 120(4) DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.018
  • 23. British Dietetic Association. (2020). COVID-19 / Coronavirus - Advice for the General Public. https://www.bda.uk.com/resource/covid-19-corona-virus-advice-for-the-general-public.html. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 24. Alpert, P.T. (2017). The Role of Vitamins and Minerals on the Immune System. Home Health Care Management & Practice, 29(3):199 –202.
  • 25. Grant, W.B., Lahore, H., McDonnell, S.L., Baggerly, C.A., French, C.B., Aliano, J.L. et al. (2020). Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths. Nutrients, 12:988. doi:10.3390/nu12040988
  • 26. McCartney, D.M., Byrne, D.G. (2020). Optimisation of Vitamin D Status for Enhanced Immuno-protection Against Covid-19. Ir Med J, 3;113(4):58.
  • 27. Gombart, A.F., Pierre, A., Maggini, S. (2020). A Review of Micronutrients and the Immune System–Working in Harmony to Reduce the Risk of Infection. Nutrients, 12:236; doi:10.3390/nu12010236.
  • 28. Gammoh, N.Z., Rink, L. (2020). Nutrition and Immunity pp 127-158| Zinc and the Immune System. Nutrition and Immunity Mahmoudi, Maryam (et al.) (Eds.), ISBN 978-3-030-16073-9, 1st ed. 2019, XVIII, 515 p. 35 illus., 30 illus. in color.
  • 29. Gordon, S.R., Vaishnava, S. (2019). Zinc supplementation modulates T helper 17 cells via the gut microbiome. J Immunol, 202(1):191.13.
  • 30. Scholz, M., Derwand, R. (2020). Does Zinc Supplementation Enhance the Clinical Efficacy of Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine to Win Todays Battle Against COVID-19? Preprints, 2020040124 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202004.0124.v1)
  • 31. Razzaque, M.S. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic: Can Maintaining Optimal Zinc Balance Enhance Host Resistance? Preprints, 2020040006 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202004.0006.v1).
  • 32. Khalesi, S., Bellissimo, N., Vandelanotte, C., Williams, S., Stanley, D., Irwin, C. (2019). A review of probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: helpful or hype? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 73:24–37.
  • 33. Bozkurt, H.S. (2020). A Hypothetıc Treatment Model On Coronavırus By Bıfıdobacterıum Straıns. Preprint, 10.31219/osf.io/hz26y
  • 34. Feng, Z., Wang, Y., Qi, W. (2020). The Small Intestine, an Underestimated Site of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: From Red Queen Effect to Probiotics. Preprints, 2020030161 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202003.0161.v1).
  • 35. Wolska, K., Górska, A., Antosik, K., Ługowska, K. (2019). Immunomodulatory Effects of Propolis and its Components on Basic Immune Cell Functions. Indian J Pharm Sci, 81(4):575-588
  • 36. Al-Hariri, M. (2019). Immune's-boosting agent: Immunomodulation potentials of propolisJ Family Community Med, 26(1):57–60. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_46_18
  • 37. Torabian, G., Valtcheva, P., Adil, Q., Dehghani, F. (2019). Anti-influenza activity of elderberry (Sambucus nigra). Journal of Functional Foods, 54:353-360.
  • 38. Cock, I.E. (2019). Pharmacognosy Communications. Bangalore, 9(4):151.
  • 39. Hawkins, J., Baker, C., Cherry, L., Dunne, E. (2019). Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 42:361-365.
  • 40. Calder, P.C., Carr, A.C., Gombart, A.F., Eggersdorfer, M. Optimal Nutritional Status for a Well-Functioning Immune System is an Important Factor to Protect Against Viral Infections. Preprints, 2020, 2020030199.
  • 41. Yam, D., Aluisio, A.R., Pererac, S.M., Peters, J.L., Chod, D.K., Kennedy, S.B. et al. (2020). Association between multivitamin supplementation and mortality among patients with Ebola virus disease: An international multisite cohort study. African Journal of Emergency, Medicine 10(1):23-29.
  • 42. Bleser, W.K., Elewonibi, B.R., Miranda, P.Y., BeLue, R. (2016). Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Infl uenza Vaccine Uptake in US Children. Pediatrics, 138(5):e20154664.

Covid-19 salgını sonrası yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 13 Issue: 3, 277 - 288, 05.12.2020
https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.769698

Abstract

Amaç: İlk olarak Çin’in Wuhan kentinde ortaya çıkan yeni koronavirüs (Covid-19) tüm Dünya’da yaygın hale gelmiş ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından pandemi olarak ilan edilmiştir. Covid-19’dan korunmada tek çözümün sosyal mesafe ve kişisel hijyen olduğu bilinmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra immün sistemi güçlü bireylerin hastalığa yakalanma ve iyileşme sürecinde avantajlı oldukları sıklıkla vurgulanmaktadır. Bireylerin immün sistemi güçlendirmek için beslenme düzenlerini değiştirebileceği ve karantina uygulamalarıyla birlikte toplumun evde kalış sürelerinde artış olacağı öngörülmekte ve bunların beslenme durumuna etki edebileceği düşünülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada bireylerin Covid-19 sonrası bazı beslenme alışkanlıkları ve etkileyen faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 18-65 yaş arası toplam 341 birey dahil edilmiş, Google Docs formları aracılığıyla beslenme, uyku, fiziksel aktivite, duygu-durumlarını araştıran bir anket ile değerlendirmeler yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Bireylerin %17’si erkek (n=58), %83’ü (n=283) kadındır. Tüm katılımcıların % 70.4’ü (283) iş veya uzaktan eğitim dolayısıyla evden çalışma sistemine geçmiş ve toplam ortalama 17.30±13.9 günü bulan bu sürede 1.0±1.5 kg vücut ağırlığı artışı olduğunu beyan etmişlerdir. Bireylerin % 80.9’u (n=276) fiziksel aktivitede azalma, %48.7’si uyku süresinde artış olduğunu ifade etmiştir. Bireylerin % 71.6’sı uyku süresindeki bu artışın besin alımında artışa neden olduğunu belirtmiştir. Bireylerin yaklaşık üçte biri (%) başta D vitamini (% 56.9), C vitamini (%50.4) ve Çinko (%27.6) olmak üzere besin takviyesi kullanmaya başladığını bildirmiştir. Covid-19 sonrası bireylerin % 17.5’i beyaz ekmek, %16.7’si meyve, %15.5’i çikolata tüketimlerinde artış olduğunu beyan etmiştir. Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları bireylerin Covid-19 sonrası beslenme, uyku ve fiziksel aktivite düzenlerinde değişiklikler olduğunu göstermektedir. Bireylerin takviye kullanımı Covid-19 sonrası artış göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar doğrultusunda bireylerin yeterli ve dengeli beslenme, fiziksel aktivite ve takviye kullanımı konusundan bilgilendirilmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

References

  • 1. Malani, P.N. (2020). COVID-19—New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic JAMA, 323:14.
  • 2. World Health Organization. (2019). https://www.who. int/news-room/detail/30-01-2020-statement-on-the-second-meeting-of-theinternational-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-theoutbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov). [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 3. Türkiye Sağlık Bakanlığı. (2020). https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr/. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 4. Barazzoni, R., Bischoff, S.C., Krznaric, Z., Pirlich, M., Singer, P. Espen Expert Statements And Practıcal Guıdance For Nutrıtıonal Management Of Indıvıduals Wıth Sars-Cov-2 Infectıon. Clinical Nutrition, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.022.
  • 5. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). (2020). Food and Maintaining a healthy diet during the COVID-19 pandemic. FAO, CA8380EN/1/03.20.
  • 6. Türkiye Diyetisyenler Derneği. (2020). Türkiye Diyetisyenler Derneği’nin Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Hakkında Beslenme Önerileri. http://www.tdd.org.tr/index.php/duyurular/69-covid-19-beslenme-onerileri. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 7. Sağdıç, O., Kayacan, S., Dertli, E., Arıcı, M. (2020). Gıda Güvenliği Açısından COVID-19 Etmeni SARS-CoV-2’nin Değerlendirilmesi ve Korunma Yöntemleri. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi Sayı, 18:927-933.
  • 8. Yazıcıoğlu, Y., Erdoğan, S. (2004). SPSS Uygulamalı Bilimsel Araştırma Yöntemleri, Ankara: Detay Yayıncılık.
  • 9. Hopkins, M., Duarte, C., Beaulieu, K., Finlayson, G., Gibbons, C., Johnstone, AM et al. (2019). Activity energy expenditure is an independent predictor of energy intake in humans. Int J Obes, 43:1466–1474. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41366-018-0308-6
  • 10. Chen, P., Mao, L., Nassis, G.P., Harmer, P., Ainsworth, B.E., Li, F. (2020). Coronavirus disease (COVID-19): The need to maintain regular physical activity while taking precautions. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9, 103104
  • 11. Zhu, W. (2020). Should, and how can, exercise be done during a coronavirus outbreak? An interview with Dr. Jeffrey A. Woods. Journal of Sport and Health Science, 9:105107.
  • 12. Lippi, G., Henry, B.M., Sanchis-Gomar, F. (2020). Physical inactivity and cardiovascular disease at the time of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). European Journal of Preventive Cardiology. The European Society of Cardiology, DOI: 10.1177/2047487320916823
  • 13. World Health Organization. (2020). Physical activity, https:// www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/physical-activity. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 14. de Castro, M.A., Garcez, M.R., Pereira, J.L., Fisberg, R.M. (2019). Eating behaviours and dietary intake associations with self-reported sleep duration of free-living Brazilian adults. Appetite, 137:207–217.
  • 15. Tasali, E., Kahn, E., Hoddy, K., Kilkus, J., Wroblewski, K., Schoeller, D.A. (2019). Sleep Extension Reduces Energy Intake in Free-Living Overweight Adults: A Randomized Controlled Study Conference Paper. DOI: 10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2019.199.1_MeetingAbstracts.A7482
  • 16. Jáuregui-Lobera, I., Montes-Martínez, M. (2020). Emotional Eating and Obesity DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.91734
  • 17. Konttinen, H. (2020). Emotional eating and obesity in adults: The role of depression, sleep and genes. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 1-7. doi:10.1017/S0029665120000166
  • 18. Cheng, S.H, Kamil, M.K.M. (2020). Stress and Food Intake among University Students - Is There a Relationship? Sains Malaysiana, 49(1):121-128 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4901-14
  • 19. Jayne, J.M., Ayala, R., Karş, J.P., Deschamps, B.A., McGraw, S., O'Connor, K., DiChiara, A.J., Cole, R.E. (2020). Body weight status, perceived stress, and emotional eating among US Army Soldiers: A mediator model Author links open overlay panel. Eating Behaviors, 36:101367.
  • 20. Carr, A.C. (2020). A new clinical trial to test high-dose vitamin C in patients with COVID-19. Crit Care 24:133. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-020-02851-4
  • 21. Wang, L.S., Wang, Y.R,, Ye, D.W., Liu, Q.Q. (2020). A review of the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) based on current evidence, International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105948.
  • 22. Mohr, A.E., Basile, A.J., Crawford, M.S,, Sweazea, K.L., Carpenter, K.C. (2019). Probiotic Supplementation Has a Limited Effect on Circulating Immune and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. Journal of the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 120(4) DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.018
  • 23. British Dietetic Association. (2020). COVID-19 / Coronavirus - Advice for the General Public. https://www.bda.uk.com/resource/covid-19-corona-virus-advice-for-the-general-public.html. [accessed 16.04.2020].
  • 24. Alpert, P.T. (2017). The Role of Vitamins and Minerals on the Immune System. Home Health Care Management & Practice, 29(3):199 –202.
  • 25. Grant, W.B., Lahore, H., McDonnell, S.L., Baggerly, C.A., French, C.B., Aliano, J.L. et al. (2020). Evidence that Vitamin D Supplementation Could Reduce Risk of Influenza and COVID-19 Infections and Deaths. Nutrients, 12:988. doi:10.3390/nu12040988
  • 26. McCartney, D.M., Byrne, D.G. (2020). Optimisation of Vitamin D Status for Enhanced Immuno-protection Against Covid-19. Ir Med J, 3;113(4):58.
  • 27. Gombart, A.F., Pierre, A., Maggini, S. (2020). A Review of Micronutrients and the Immune System–Working in Harmony to Reduce the Risk of Infection. Nutrients, 12:236; doi:10.3390/nu12010236.
  • 28. Gammoh, N.Z., Rink, L. (2020). Nutrition and Immunity pp 127-158| Zinc and the Immune System. Nutrition and Immunity Mahmoudi, Maryam (et al.) (Eds.), ISBN 978-3-030-16073-9, 1st ed. 2019, XVIII, 515 p. 35 illus., 30 illus. in color.
  • 29. Gordon, S.R., Vaishnava, S. (2019). Zinc supplementation modulates T helper 17 cells via the gut microbiome. J Immunol, 202(1):191.13.
  • 30. Scholz, M., Derwand, R. (2020). Does Zinc Supplementation Enhance the Clinical Efficacy of Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine to Win Todays Battle Against COVID-19? Preprints, 2020040124 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202004.0124.v1)
  • 31. Razzaque, M.S. (2020). COVID-19 Pandemic: Can Maintaining Optimal Zinc Balance Enhance Host Resistance? Preprints, 2020040006 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202004.0006.v1).
  • 32. Khalesi, S., Bellissimo, N., Vandelanotte, C., Williams, S., Stanley, D., Irwin, C. (2019). A review of probiotic supplementation in healthy adults: helpful or hype? European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 73:24–37.
  • 33. Bozkurt, H.S. (2020). A Hypothetıc Treatment Model On Coronavırus By Bıfıdobacterıum Straıns. Preprint, 10.31219/osf.io/hz26y
  • 34. Feng, Z., Wang, Y., Qi, W. (2020). The Small Intestine, an Underestimated Site of SARS-CoV-2 Infection: From Red Queen Effect to Probiotics. Preprints, 2020030161 (doi: 10.20944/preprints202003.0161.v1).
  • 35. Wolska, K., Górska, A., Antosik, K., Ługowska, K. (2019). Immunomodulatory Effects of Propolis and its Components on Basic Immune Cell Functions. Indian J Pharm Sci, 81(4):575-588
  • 36. Al-Hariri, M. (2019). Immune's-boosting agent: Immunomodulation potentials of propolisJ Family Community Med, 26(1):57–60. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.JFCM_46_18
  • 37. Torabian, G., Valtcheva, P., Adil, Q., Dehghani, F. (2019). Anti-influenza activity of elderberry (Sambucus nigra). Journal of Functional Foods, 54:353-360.
  • 38. Cock, I.E. (2019). Pharmacognosy Communications. Bangalore, 9(4):151.
  • 39. Hawkins, J., Baker, C., Cherry, L., Dunne, E. (2019). Black elderberry (Sambucus nigra) supplementation effectively treats upper respiratory symptoms: A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled clinical trials. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 42:361-365.
  • 40. Calder, P.C., Carr, A.C., Gombart, A.F., Eggersdorfer, M. Optimal Nutritional Status for a Well-Functioning Immune System is an Important Factor to Protect Against Viral Infections. Preprints, 2020, 2020030199.
  • 41. Yam, D., Aluisio, A.R., Pererac, S.M., Peters, J.L., Chod, D.K., Kennedy, S.B. et al. (2020). Association between multivitamin supplementation and mortality among patients with Ebola virus disease: An international multisite cohort study. African Journal of Emergency, Medicine 10(1):23-29.
  • 42. Bleser, W.K., Elewonibi, B.R., Miranda, P.Y., BeLue, R. (2016). Complementary and Alternative Medicine and Infl uenza Vaccine Uptake in US Children. Pediatrics, 138(5):e20154664.
There are 42 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Melahat Sedanur Macit 0000-0002-7480-1586

Publication Date December 5, 2020
Submission Date July 14, 2020
Acceptance Date October 19, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2020 Volume: 13 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Macit, M. S. (2020). Covid-19 salgını sonrası yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 13(3), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.769698
AMA Macit MS. Covid-19 salgını sonrası yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim derg. December 2020;13(3):277-288. doi:10.26559/mersinsbd.769698
Chicago Macit, Melahat Sedanur. “Covid-19 salgını Sonrası yetişkin Bireylerin Beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi”. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13, no. 3 (December 2020): 277-88. https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.769698.
EndNote Macit MS (December 1, 2020) Covid-19 salgını sonrası yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13 3 277–288.
IEEE M. S. Macit, “Covid-19 salgını sonrası yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi”, Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim derg, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 277–288, 2020, doi: 10.26559/mersinsbd.769698.
ISNAD Macit, Melahat Sedanur. “Covid-19 salgını Sonrası yetişkin Bireylerin Beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi”. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi 13/3 (December 2020), 277-288. https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.769698.
JAMA Macit MS. Covid-19 salgını sonrası yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim derg. 2020;13:277–288.
MLA Macit, Melahat Sedanur. “Covid-19 salgını Sonrası yetişkin Bireylerin Beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi”. Mersin Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 13, no. 3, 2020, pp. 277-88, doi:10.26559/mersinsbd.769698.
Vancouver Macit MS. Covid-19 salgını sonrası yetişkin bireylerin beslenme alışkanlıklarındaki değişikliklerin değerlendirilmesi. Mersin Univ Saglık Bilim derg. 2020;13(3):277-88.

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MEU Journal of Health Sciences Assoc was began to the publishing process in 2008 under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Gönül Aslan, Editor-in-Chief, and affiliated to Mersin University Institute of Health Sciences. In March 2015, Prof. Dr. Caferi Tayyar Şaşmaz undertook the Editor-in Chief position and since then he has been in charge.

Publishing in three issues per year (April - August - December), it is a multisectoral refereed scientific journal. In addition to research articles, scientific articles such as reviews, case reports and letters to the editor are published in the journal. Our journal, which has been published via e-mail since its inception, has been published both online and in print. Following the Participation Agreement signed with TÜBİTAK-ULAKBİM Dergi Park in April 2015, it has started to accept and evaluate online publications.

Mersin University Journal of Health Sciences have been indexed by Turkey Citation Index since November 16, 2011.

Mersin University Journal of Health Sciences have been indexed by ULAKBIM Medical Database from the first issue of 2016.

Mersin University Journal of Health Sciences have been indexed by DOAJ since October 02, 2019.

Article Publishing Charge Policy: Our journal has adopted an open access policy and there is no fee for article application, evaluation, and publication in our journal. All the articles published in our journal can be accessed from the Archive free of charge.

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