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Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 37 - 44, 31.03.2021

Mehmet Salim İbrahim Durmuş Mehmet Başeğmez İsmail Küçükkurt Abdullah Eryavuz

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.798623

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, değişik yaşlardaki koyunlarda kan sitokin düzeyleri ve lipid peroksidasyon ürünü malondialdehid (MDA) seviyesi ile tiroid hormonları düzeylerine yaşın etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada, aynı bakım ve besleme şartlarındaki bir sürüden kuzu (4-6 aylık, kuzu), genç (12-18 aylık) ve ergin (36-40 aylık) dişi koyun kullanıldı. Her bir yaş grubundan 10 baş olmak üzere toplam 30 koyundan sabah yemlemesinden önce kan örnekleri alındı. Kan örneklerinde MDA, glutatyon (GSH), interlökin-1 beta (IL-1β), tümör nekrozis faktör alfa (TNF-α) ve interlökin-6 (IL-6) ile T3 ve T4 düzeyleri belirlendi. Genç koyunların kuzularınkinden önemli oranda daha yüksek plazma MDA ve daha düşük IL-6 düzeylerine sahip oldukları bulundu. GSH, IL-1β, TNF-α, T3 ve T4 düzeyleri bakımından yaş grupları arasında farkın olmadığı saptandı. Sonuç olarak, koyunlarda kan lipid peroksidasyonu ve IL-6 düzeylerine yaşın etkisi olduğu söylenebilir.

Keywords

Yaş koyun lipid peroksidasyonu tiroid hormonları

Supporting Institution

Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmaları Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından desteklenmiştir

Project Number

Proje kodu: 18 Kariyer 280

References

  • Akçapınar H. Koyun Yetiştiriciliği. MEDİSAN Yayınevi. 1994.1.Baskı. Ankara.
  • Antunović Z., Novoselec J., Sauerwein H., Speranda M., Vegara M., Pavic V. Blood metabolic profile and some of hormones concentration in ewes during different physiological status. Bulg. J.Agric. Sci., 2011; 17: 687-695.
  • Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 1963; 61: 882-888.
  • Burton AB, Wagner B, Erb HN., Ainsworth DM. Serum interleukin-6 and IL-10 concentrations in normal and septic foals. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 2009; 132: 122-128.
  • Conner E.M., Grisham M.B. 1996. Inflammation, free radicals, and antioxidants. Nutrition., 12(4):274–277.
  • Craig N.M., Smith D.W., Pate J.A., Morrison I.W., Knight P.A. Local cytokine transcription in naïve and previously infected sheep and lambs following challenge with Teladorsagia circumcincta. BMC Veterinary Research 2014; 10:87.
  • Dhama K., Mahendran M., Chauhan R.S., Tomar S. Cytokines: their functional roles and prospective applications in veterinary practice: A review. J. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2008; 10:79-89.
  • Dobson RJ., Waller PJ., Donald AD. Population dynamics of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep: the effect of host age on the establishment of infective larvae. Int J Parasitol, 1990; 20:353–357.
  • Draper HH., Hardley M. Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation. Methods in Enzymology, 1990; 186: 421-431.
  • Dröge W., Breitkreutz R. Glutathione and immune function.Proc.Nutr.Soc., 2000; 59:595-600.
  • Elmarakby A.A., Sullivan J.C. Relationship between oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic nephropathy. Cardiovascular Therapeutics, 2012; 30: 49–59.
  • Elsabahy M., Wooley K.L. Cytokines as biomarkers of nanoparticle immunotoxicity, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013; 42: 5552–5576.
  • Eryavuz A., Küçükkurt İ., İnce S., Fidan AF., Avcı G., Bülbül T. Kuzularda Rasyona Yucca Schidigera Tozu Katılması ve Günlük Dozunun Rumen Fermentasyonu ile Verime Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Kocatepe V.J., 2015; 8:1-10.
  • Fernández A., Marteles D., Ruiz de Arcaute M., Lacasta D., Conde T., Loste A. Relationship between Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, IL-10 Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine and Serum Proteins in Healthy Lambs and with Diarrhea. Pakistan Vet.J., 2016; 36(1): 63-67.
  • Foster D.L., Hileman S.L. Puberty in the sheep. Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction (Fourth Edition), 2015; pp, 1441-1485.
  • Fulop T., Larbi A., Dupuis G., Le Page A., Frost E.H., Cohen A.A., Witkowski J.M., Franceschi C. Immunosenescence and Inflamm-Aging As Two Sides of the Same Coin: Friends or Foes? Frontiers İmmul., 2018; 8:1960.
  • Gilgun-Sherki Y., Melamed E., Offen D. Oxidative stress induced neurodegenerative diseases: the need for antioxidants that penetrate the blood brain barrier. Neuropharmacology 2001; 40: 959–975.
  • Huang M.C., Greig N.H., Luo W., Tweedie D., Schwartz J.B., Longo D.L. Preferential enhancement of older human T cell cytokine generation, chemotaxis, proliferation and survival by lenalidomide. Clin. Immunol. 2011; 138 (2):201–211.
  • Huszenicza GY., Kulcsar M., Rudas P. Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants. Vet. Med. (Czech), . 2002; 47:199–210.
  • John J., Haddad A. Redox microenvironment is essential for MAPK-dependent secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines: Modulation by glutathione (GSH/GSSG) biosynthesis and equilibrium in the alveolar epithelium, Cellular Immunology, 2011; 270: 53-61.
  • Kandemir Ç., Adanacıoğlu H., Taşkın T., Koşum N. Türkiye’de Koyun ve Koyun Eti Fiyatlarının Bölgelere Göre Çok Boyutlu Ölçekleme Analizi ile Karşılaştırılması. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2019; 16(3): 315-327.
  • Kandır S., Keskin E. Serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α Levels in Thyroidectomized Rats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg., 2016; 22: 297-300.
  • Kumar A.A., Tripathi B.N., Sharma B. Cytokine Profile in Tissues and Blood of Sheep Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 2010; 38: 185-189.
  • Lockwood CJ., Yen CF., Basar M., Kayisli UA., Martel M. Buhimschi IPreeclampsia-related inflammatory cytokines regulate interleukin-6 expression in human decidual cells. Am J Pathol., . 2008; 172(6): 1571–1579.
  • Maggio M., Guralnik JM., Longo DL., Ferrucci L. Interleukin-6 in aging and chronic disease: a magnificent pathway. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2006; 61: 575–584.
  • Maher P. The effects of stress and aging on glutathione metabolism. Ageing Res.Rev., 2005; 4: 288-314.
  • Marchiori R.C., Pereira L.A., Naujorks A.A., Rovaris D.L., Meinerz D.F., Duarte M.M., Rocha J.B. Improvement of blood inflammatory marker levels in patients with hypothyroidism under levothyroxine treatment. BMC Endocr. Disord., 2015; 15:32 DOI 10.1186/s12902-015-0032-3.
  • Neito C.A.R., Ferguson M.B., Macleay C.A., Briegel J.R., Thompson A.N. Selection for superior growth advances the onset of puberty and increases reproductive performance in ewe lambs. Animal, 2013; 7(6): 990-997.
  • Pamir N., McMillen TS., Kaiyala KJ., Schwartz MW., LeBoeuf RC. Receptors for tumor necrosis factor-alpha play a protective role against obesity and alter adipose tissue macrophage status. Endocrinology, 2009; 50: 4124–4134.
  • Pawelec G. Age and immunity: What is “immunosenescence”? Exp.Gerant., 2018; 105: 4-9.
  • Pena L.R., Hill D.B., McClain C.J. Treatment with glutathione precursor decreases cytokine activity. J.Parenter. Enteral.Nutr., 1999; 23: 1-6.
  • Pérez-Navero J.L., Benitez-Sillero J.D., Gil-Campos M., Guillén-del Castillo M., Tasset I., Túnez I. Changes in oxidative stress biomarkers induced by puberty. An. Pediatr (Barc.), 2009; 70: 424-428.
  • Pollak Y., Yirmiya R. Cytokin-induced changes in mood and behaviour: implications for “depression due to a general medical condition”, immunotherapy and antidepressive treatment. Int.J.Neuropsychopharmacol., 2002; 5: 389-399.
  • Scheerlinck J.P.Y., Yen H.H. Veterinary applications of cytokines. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 2005; 108: 17-22.
  • Sezenler T., Özder M. Türkgeldi Koyunlarında Erken Yaşta Kuzulatmanın Çeşitli Verim Özelliklerine Etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fak.Derg., 2007; 4 (1): 91-97.
  • Shelly C., Lu M.D. Glutathione Synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta., 2013; 1830(5): 3143–3153.
  • Smarsh D.N., Williams C.A. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Standardbreds: Effect of Age and Acute Exercise Before and After Training. J.Equine Vet.Sci., 2016; 47: 92-106.
  • Stowe R.P., Peek M.K., Cutchin M.P., Goodwin J.S. Plasma Cytokine Levels in a Population-Based Study: Relation to Age and Ethnicity. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 2010; 65A (4): 429-433.
  • Suchard M. Immunosenescence: ageing of the immune system. S. Afr. Pharm. J., 2015; 82: 28-31.
  • Suwa T., Hogg JC., English D., van Eeden SF. Interleukin-6 induces demargination of intravascular neutrophils and shortens their transit in marrow. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279: H2954–60.
  • Şeker İ., Köseman A., Baykalır Y., Şeker P. Koyun Karkaslarının Kalite Sınıflandırılmasında “EUROP” Sistemi ve Türkiye’deki Uygulamalar. Iğdır Üni. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Der., 2017; 7(3): 309-320.
  • Takcı A. Modifiye U-synch Protokolü ile Mevsim Dışı Senkronize Edilen Akkaraman Kangal Irkı Prepubertal Kuzu ve Primipar Koyunlara GnRH ve hCG Uygulamalarının Fertilite Üzerine Etkisi. Turk Vet J., . 2019; 1(2) : 60-68.
  • Tayde P., Bhagwat N., Sharma P., Sharma B., Dalwadi P., Sonawane A., Subramanyam A., Chadha M., Varthakavi P. Hypothyroidism and depression: are cytokines the link? Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab., . 2017; 21: 886-892.
  • Thompson A., Bairstow C., Ferguson M., Kearney G., Macleay C., Thompson H., Pagagoni B. Growth pattern to the end of the mating period influences the reproductive performance of merino ewe lambs mated at 7 to 8 months of age. Small Rum.Res., 2019; 179: 1-6.
  • Valasi I., Chadio S., Fthenakis GC., Amiridis GS. Management of pre-pubertal small ruminants: Physiological basis and clinical approach. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 130(3-4): 126-134
  • Westendorp R.G.J. Are we becoming less disposable? EMBO reports, 2004; 5 (1): 2-6.
  • Yalçın A.D., Terzioğlu E., Gorczynski R.M. İmmün Yaşlanma. Türk Geriatri Derg., 2011; 14: 276-280.
  • Zhao W., Diz D.I., Robbins M.E. Oxidative damage pathways in relation to normal tissue injury. The British Journal of Radiology 2007; 80(1) : 23-31.

Effects of Age on The Concentrations of Plasma Cytokines and Lipidperoxidation in Sheep

Year 2021, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 37 - 44, 31.03.2021

Mehmet Salim İbrahim Durmuş Mehmet Başeğmez İsmail Küçükkurt Abdullah Eryavuz

https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.798623

Abstract

The aim of this study is to determine the effects of age on blood cytokine levels and lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and thyroid hormones levels in sheep of different ages. Female sheep of lamb (4-6 months), young (12-18 months) and adult (36-40 months) from a herd in same care and feeding conditions were used in the study. Blood samples were taken before morning feding from 30 sheep in total, 10 heads from each age group. MDA, glutathione (GSH), interleukin-1 (IL-1), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and T3 and T4 levels were determined in blood samples. Young animals have significantly higher MDA and lower IL-6 levels than lambs. There was no difference between age groups in terms of GSH, IL-1β, TNF-α, T3 and T4 levels. As a result, age has an effect on blood lipid peroxidation and IL-6 levels in sheep.

Keywords

Age sheep cytokins lipid peroxidation tiroid hormones

Project Number

Proje kodu: 18 Kariyer 280

References

  • Akçapınar H. Koyun Yetiştiriciliği. MEDİSAN Yayınevi. 1994.1.Baskı. Ankara.
  • Antunović Z., Novoselec J., Sauerwein H., Speranda M., Vegara M., Pavic V. Blood metabolic profile and some of hormones concentration in ewes during different physiological status. Bulg. J.Agric. Sci., 2011; 17: 687-695.
  • Beutler E, Duron O, Kelly BM. Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J. Lab. Clin. Med., 1963; 61: 882-888.
  • Burton AB, Wagner B, Erb HN., Ainsworth DM. Serum interleukin-6 and IL-10 concentrations in normal and septic foals. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 2009; 132: 122-128.
  • Conner E.M., Grisham M.B. 1996. Inflammation, free radicals, and antioxidants. Nutrition., 12(4):274–277.
  • Craig N.M., Smith D.W., Pate J.A., Morrison I.W., Knight P.A. Local cytokine transcription in naïve and previously infected sheep and lambs following challenge with Teladorsagia circumcincta. BMC Veterinary Research 2014; 10:87.
  • Dhama K., Mahendran M., Chauhan R.S., Tomar S. Cytokines: their functional roles and prospective applications in veterinary practice: A review. J. Immunol. Immunopathol. 2008; 10:79-89.
  • Dobson RJ., Waller PJ., Donald AD. Population dynamics of Trichostrongylus colubriformis in sheep: the effect of host age on the establishment of infective larvae. Int J Parasitol, 1990; 20:353–357.
  • Draper HH., Hardley M. Malondialdehyde determination as index of lipid peroxidation. Methods in Enzymology, 1990; 186: 421-431.
  • Dröge W., Breitkreutz R. Glutathione and immune function.Proc.Nutr.Soc., 2000; 59:595-600.
  • Elmarakby A.A., Sullivan J.C. Relationship between oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in diabetic nephropathy. Cardiovascular Therapeutics, 2012; 30: 49–59.
  • Elsabahy M., Wooley K.L. Cytokines as biomarkers of nanoparticle immunotoxicity, Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013; 42: 5552–5576.
  • Eryavuz A., Küçükkurt İ., İnce S., Fidan AF., Avcı G., Bülbül T. Kuzularda Rasyona Yucca Schidigera Tozu Katılması ve Günlük Dozunun Rumen Fermentasyonu ile Verime Etkilerinin Araştırılması. Kocatepe V.J., 2015; 8:1-10.
  • Fernández A., Marteles D., Ruiz de Arcaute M., Lacasta D., Conde T., Loste A. Relationship between Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, IL-10 Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine and Serum Proteins in Healthy Lambs and with Diarrhea. Pakistan Vet.J., 2016; 36(1): 63-67.
  • Foster D.L., Hileman S.L. Puberty in the sheep. Knobil and Neill's Physiology of Reproduction (Fourth Edition), 2015; pp, 1441-1485.
  • Fulop T., Larbi A., Dupuis G., Le Page A., Frost E.H., Cohen A.A., Witkowski J.M., Franceschi C. Immunosenescence and Inflamm-Aging As Two Sides of the Same Coin: Friends or Foes? Frontiers İmmul., 2018; 8:1960.
  • Gilgun-Sherki Y., Melamed E., Offen D. Oxidative stress induced neurodegenerative diseases: the need for antioxidants that penetrate the blood brain barrier. Neuropharmacology 2001; 40: 959–975.
  • Huang M.C., Greig N.H., Luo W., Tweedie D., Schwartz J.B., Longo D.L. Preferential enhancement of older human T cell cytokine generation, chemotaxis, proliferation and survival by lenalidomide. Clin. Immunol. 2011; 138 (2):201–211.
  • Huszenicza GY., Kulcsar M., Rudas P. Clinical endocrinology of thyroid gland function in ruminants. Vet. Med. (Czech), . 2002; 47:199–210.
  • John J., Haddad A. Redox microenvironment is essential for MAPK-dependent secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines: Modulation by glutathione (GSH/GSSG) biosynthesis and equilibrium in the alveolar epithelium, Cellular Immunology, 2011; 270: 53-61.
  • Kandemir Ç., Adanacıoğlu H., Taşkın T., Koşum N. Türkiye’de Koyun ve Koyun Eti Fiyatlarının Bölgelere Göre Çok Boyutlu Ölçekleme Analizi ile Karşılaştırılması. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 2019; 16(3): 315-327.
  • Kandır S., Keskin E. Serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α Levels in Thyroidectomized Rats. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg., 2016; 22: 297-300.
  • Kumar A.A., Tripathi B.N., Sharma B. Cytokine Profile in Tissues and Blood of Sheep Experimentally Infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis. J. Appl. Anim. Res. 2010; 38: 185-189.
  • Lockwood CJ., Yen CF., Basar M., Kayisli UA., Martel M. Buhimschi IPreeclampsia-related inflammatory cytokines regulate interleukin-6 expression in human decidual cells. Am J Pathol., . 2008; 172(6): 1571–1579.
  • Maggio M., Guralnik JM., Longo DL., Ferrucci L. Interleukin-6 in aging and chronic disease: a magnificent pathway. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2006; 61: 575–584.
  • Maher P. The effects of stress and aging on glutathione metabolism. Ageing Res.Rev., 2005; 4: 288-314.
  • Marchiori R.C., Pereira L.A., Naujorks A.A., Rovaris D.L., Meinerz D.F., Duarte M.M., Rocha J.B. Improvement of blood inflammatory marker levels in patients with hypothyroidism under levothyroxine treatment. BMC Endocr. Disord., 2015; 15:32 DOI 10.1186/s12902-015-0032-3.
  • Neito C.A.R., Ferguson M.B., Macleay C.A., Briegel J.R., Thompson A.N. Selection for superior growth advances the onset of puberty and increases reproductive performance in ewe lambs. Animal, 2013; 7(6): 990-997.
  • Pamir N., McMillen TS., Kaiyala KJ., Schwartz MW., LeBoeuf RC. Receptors for tumor necrosis factor-alpha play a protective role against obesity and alter adipose tissue macrophage status. Endocrinology, 2009; 50: 4124–4134.
  • Pawelec G. Age and immunity: What is “immunosenescence”? Exp.Gerant., 2018; 105: 4-9.
  • Pena L.R., Hill D.B., McClain C.J. Treatment with glutathione precursor decreases cytokine activity. J.Parenter. Enteral.Nutr., 1999; 23: 1-6.
  • Pérez-Navero J.L., Benitez-Sillero J.D., Gil-Campos M., Guillén-del Castillo M., Tasset I., Túnez I. Changes in oxidative stress biomarkers induced by puberty. An. Pediatr (Barc.), 2009; 70: 424-428.
  • Pollak Y., Yirmiya R. Cytokin-induced changes in mood and behaviour: implications for “depression due to a general medical condition”, immunotherapy and antidepressive treatment. Int.J.Neuropsychopharmacol., 2002; 5: 389-399.
  • Scheerlinck J.P.Y., Yen H.H. Veterinary applications of cytokines. Vet Immunol Immunopathol, 2005; 108: 17-22.
  • Sezenler T., Özder M. Türkgeldi Koyunlarında Erken Yaşta Kuzulatmanın Çeşitli Verim Özelliklerine Etkisi. Tekirdağ Ziraat Fak.Derg., 2007; 4 (1): 91-97.
  • Shelly C., Lu M.D. Glutathione Synthesis. Biochim Biophys Acta., 2013; 1830(5): 3143–3153.
  • Smarsh D.N., Williams C.A. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status in Standardbreds: Effect of Age and Acute Exercise Before and After Training. J.Equine Vet.Sci., 2016; 47: 92-106.
  • Stowe R.P., Peek M.K., Cutchin M.P., Goodwin J.S. Plasma Cytokine Levels in a Population-Based Study: Relation to Age and Ethnicity. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 2010; 65A (4): 429-433.
  • Suchard M. Immunosenescence: ageing of the immune system. S. Afr. Pharm. J., 2015; 82: 28-31.
  • Suwa T., Hogg JC., English D., van Eeden SF. Interleukin-6 induces demargination of intravascular neutrophils and shortens their transit in marrow. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2000; 279: H2954–60.
  • Şeker İ., Köseman A., Baykalır Y., Şeker P. Koyun Karkaslarının Kalite Sınıflandırılmasında “EUROP” Sistemi ve Türkiye’deki Uygulamalar. Iğdır Üni. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Der., 2017; 7(3): 309-320.
  • Takcı A. Modifiye U-synch Protokolü ile Mevsim Dışı Senkronize Edilen Akkaraman Kangal Irkı Prepubertal Kuzu ve Primipar Koyunlara GnRH ve hCG Uygulamalarının Fertilite Üzerine Etkisi. Turk Vet J., . 2019; 1(2) : 60-68.
  • Tayde P., Bhagwat N., Sharma P., Sharma B., Dalwadi P., Sonawane A., Subramanyam A., Chadha M., Varthakavi P. Hypothyroidism and depression: are cytokines the link? Indian J. Endocrinol. Metab., . 2017; 21: 886-892.
  • Thompson A., Bairstow C., Ferguson M., Kearney G., Macleay C., Thompson H., Pagagoni B. Growth pattern to the end of the mating period influences the reproductive performance of merino ewe lambs mated at 7 to 8 months of age. Small Rum.Res., 2019; 179: 1-6.
  • Valasi I., Chadio S., Fthenakis GC., Amiridis GS. Management of pre-pubertal small ruminants: Physiological basis and clinical approach. Anim Reprod Sci 2012; 130(3-4): 126-134
  • Westendorp R.G.J. Are we becoming less disposable? EMBO reports, 2004; 5 (1): 2-6.
  • Yalçın A.D., Terzioğlu E., Gorczynski R.M. İmmün Yaşlanma. Türk Geriatri Derg., 2011; 14: 276-280.
  • Zhao W., Diz D.I., Robbins M.E. Oxidative damage pathways in relation to normal tissue injury. The British Journal of Radiology 2007; 80(1) : 23-31.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Sciences
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Mehmet Salim This is me 0000-0002-4805-576X

İbrahim Durmuş 0000-0003-1360-8843

Mehmet Başeğmez 0000-0002-9994-1251

İsmail Küçükkurt 0000-0003-0198-629X

Abdullah Eryavuz 0000-0001-8602-2400

Project Number Proje kodu: 18 Kariyer 280
Publication Date March 31, 2021
Acceptance Date January 5, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Salim, M., Durmuş, İ., Başeğmez, M., Küçükkurt, İ., et al. (2021). Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, 14(1), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.798623
AMA Salim M, Durmuş İ, Başeğmez M, Küçükkurt İ, Eryavuz A. Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi. kvj. March 2021;14(1):37-44. doi:10.30607/kvj.798623
Chicago Salim, Mehmet, İbrahim Durmuş, Mehmet Başeğmez, İsmail Küçükkurt, and Abdullah Eryavuz. “Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin Ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 14, no. 1 (March 2021): 37-44. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.798623.
EndNote Salim M, Durmuş İ, Başeğmez M, Küçükkurt İ, Eryavuz A (March 1, 2021) Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 14 1 37–44.
IEEE M. Salim, İ. Durmuş, M. Başeğmez, İ. Küçükkurt, and A. Eryavuz, “Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi”, kvj, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 37–44, 2021, doi: 10.30607/kvj.798623.
ISNAD Salim, Mehmet et al. “Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin Ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal 14/1 (March 2021), 37-44. https://doi.org/10.30607/kvj.798623.
JAMA Salim M, Durmuş İ, Başeğmez M, Küçükkurt İ, Eryavuz A. Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi. kvj. 2021;14:37–44.
MLA Salim, Mehmet et al. “Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin Ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi”. Kocatepe Veterinary Journal, vol. 14, no. 1, 2021, pp. 37-44, doi:10.30607/kvj.798623.
Vancouver Salim M, Durmuş İ, Başeğmez M, Küçükkurt İ, Eryavuz A. Koyunlarda Plazma Sitokin ve Lipid Peroksidasyon Düzeylerine Yaşın Etkisi. kvj. 2021;14(1):37-44.
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